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1_Last updated on 2018-07-01._
2
3## Goals
4- Getting a Virtual Private Server (VPS)
5- Running Shaarli:
6 - as a Docker container,
7 - using the Træfik reverse proxy,
8 - securized with TLS certificates from Let's Encrypt.
9
10
11The following components and tools will be used:
12
13- [Debian](https://www.debian.org/), a GNU/Linux distribution widely used in
14 server environments;
15- [Docker](https://docs.docker.com/engine/docker-overview/), an open platform
16 for developing, shipping, and running applications;
17- [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/), a tool for defining and
18 running multi-container Docker applications.
19
20
21More information can be found in the [Resources](#resources) section at the
22bottom of the guide.
23
24## Getting a Virtual Private Server
25For this guide, I went for the smallest VPS available from DigitalOcean,
26a Droplet with 1 CPU, 1 GiB RAM and 25 GiB SSD storage, which costs
27$5/month ($0.007/hour):
28
29- [Droplets Overview](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/overview/)
30- [Pricing](https://www.digitalocean.com/pricing/)
31- [How to Create a Droplet from the DigitalOcean Control Panel](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/how-to/create/)
32- [How to Add SSH Keys to Droplets](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/how-to/add-ssh-keys/)
33- [Initial Server Setup with Debian 8](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/initial-server-setup-with-debian-8) (also applies to Debian 9)
34- [An Introduction to Securing your Linux VPS](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/an-introduction-to-securing-your-linux-vps)
35
36### Creating a Droplet
37Select `Debian 9` as the Droplet distribution:
38
39<img src="../images/01-create-droplet-distro.jpg"
40 width="500px"
41 alt="Droplet distribution" />
42
43Choose a region that is geographically close to you:
44
45<img src="../images/02-create-droplet-region.jpg"
46 width="500px"
47 alt="Droplet region" />
48
49Choose a Droplet size that corresponds to your usage and budget:
50
51<img src="../images/03-create-droplet-size.jpg"
52 width="500px"
53 alt="Droplet size" />
54
55Finalize the Droplet creation:
56
57<img src="../images/04-finalize.jpg"
58 width="500px"
59 alt="Droplet finalization" />
60
61Droplet information is displayed on the Control Panel:
62
63<img src="../images/05-droplet.jpg"
64 width="500px"
65 alt="Droplet summary" />
66
67Once your VPS has been created, you will receive an e-mail with connection
68instructions.
69
70## Obtaining a domain name
71After creating your VPS, it will be reachable using its IP address; some hosting
72providers also create a DNS record, e.g. `ns4853142.ip-01-47-127.eu`.
73
74A domain name (DNS record) is required to obtain a certificate and setup HTTPS
75(HTTP with TLS encryption).
76
77Domain names can be obtained from registrars through hosting providers such as
78[Gandi](https://www.gandi.net/en/domain).
79
80Once you have your own domain, you need to create a new DNS record that points
81to your VPS' IP address:
82
83<img src="../images/06-domain.jpg"
84 width="650px"
85 alt="Domain configuration" />
86
87## Host setup
88Now's the time to connect to your freshly created VPS!
89
90```shell
91$ ssh root@188.166.85.8
92
93Linux stretch-shaarli-02 4.9.0-6-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.9.88-1+deb9u1 (2018-05-07) x86_64
94
95The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
96the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
97individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
98
99Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
100permitted by applicable law.
101Last login: Sun Jul 1 11:20:18 2018 from <REDACTED>
102
103root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$
104```
105
106### Updating the system
107```shell
108root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt update && apt upgrade -y
109```
110
111### Setting up Docker
112_The following instructions are from the
113[Get Docker CE for Debian](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/debian/)
114guide._
115
116Install package dependencies:
117
118```shell
119root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
120```
121
122Add Docker's package repository GPG key:
123
124```shell
125root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
126```
127
128Add Docker's package repository:
129
130```shell
131root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch stable"
132```
133
134Update package lists and install Docker:
135
136```shell
137root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt update && apt install -y docker-ce
138```
139
140Verify Docker is properly configured by running the `hello-world` image:
141
142```shell
143root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ docker run hello-world
144```
145
146### Setting up Docker Compose
147_The following instructions are from the
148[Install Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/)
149guide._
150
151Download the current version from the release page:
152
153```shell
154root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
155root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
156```
157
158## Running Shaarli
159Shaarli comes with a configuration file for Docker Compose, that will setup:
160
161- a local Docker network
162- a Docker [volume](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/) to store Shaarli data
163- a Docker [volume](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/) to store Træfik TLS configuration and certificates
164- a [Shaarli](https://hub.docker.com/r/shaarli/shaarli/) instance
165- a [Træfik](https://hub.docker.com/_/traefik/) instance
166
167[Træfik](https://docs.traefik.io/) is a modern HTTP reverse proxy, with native
168support for Docker and [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/).
169
170### Compose configuration
171Create a new directory to store the configuration:
172
173```shell
174root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ mkdir shaarli && cd shaarli
175root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$
176```
177
178Download the current version of Shaarli's `docker-compose.yml`:
179
180```shell
181root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shaarli/Shaarli/master/docker-compose.yml -o docker-compose.yml
182```
183
184Create the `.env` file and fill in your VPS and domain information (replace
185`<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN>` and `<MY_CONTACT_EMAIL>` with your actual information):
186
187```shell
188root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ vim .env
189```
190
191```shell
192SHAARLI_VIRTUAL_HOST=<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN>
193SHAARLI_LETSENCRYPT_EMAIL=<MY_CONTACT_EMAIL>
194```
195
196### Pull the Docker images
197```shell
198root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ docker-compose pull
199Pulling shaarli ... done
200Pulling traefik ... done
201```
202
203### Run!
204```shell
205root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ docker-compose up -d
206Creating network "shaarli_http-proxy" with the default driver
207Creating volume "shaarli_traefik-acme" with default driver
208Creating volume "shaarli_shaarli-data" with default driver
209Creating shaarli_shaarli_1 ... done
210Creating shaarli_traefik_1 ... done
211```
212
213## Conclusion
214Congratulations! Your Shaarli instance should be up and running, and available
215at `https://<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN>`.
216
217<img src="../images/07-installation.jpg"
218 width="500px"
219 alt="Shaarli installation page" />
220
221## Resources
222### Related Shaarli documentation
223- [Docker 101](../docker/docker-101.md)
224- [Shaarli images](../docker/shaarli-images.md)
225
226### Hosting providers
227- [DigitalOcean](https://www.digitalocean.com/)
228- [Gandi](https://www.gandi.net/en)
229- [OVH](https://www.ovh.co.uk/)
230- [RackSpace](https://www.rackspace.com/)
231- etc.
232
233### Domain Names and Registrars
234- [Introduction to the Domain Name System (DNS)](https://opensource.com/article/17/4/introduction-domain-name-system-dns)
235- [ICANN](https://www.icann.org/)
236- [Domain name registrar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_name_registrar)
237- [OVH Domain Registration](https://www.ovh.co.uk/domains/)
238- [Gandi Domain Registration](https://www.gandi.net/en/domain)
239
240### HTTPS and Security
241- [Transport Layer Security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security)
242- [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/)
243
244### Docker
245- [Docker Overview](https://docs.docker.com/engine/docker-overview/)
246- [Docker Documentation](https://docs.docker.com/)
247- [Get Docker CE for Debian](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/debian/)
248- [docker logs](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/logs/)
249- [Volumes](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/)
250- [Install Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/)
251- [docker-compose logs](https://docs.docker.com/compose/reference/logs/)
252
253### Træfik
254- [Getting Started](https://docs.traefik.io/)
255- [Docker backend](https://docs.traefik.io/configuration/backends/docker/)
256- [Let's Encrypt and Docker](https://docs.traefik.io/user-guide/docker-and-lets-encrypt/)
257- [traefik](https://hub.docker.com/_/traefik/) Docker image