--- /dev/null
+From 272e50d0b0262e49cdcaad42cdab57aad183d1c2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: goodraven
+ <employee-pseudonym-7f597def-7eeb-47f8-b10a-0724f2ba59a9@google.com>
+Date: Thu, 3 May 2018 22:24:58 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] Initial commit adding support for hetzner cloud
+
+This is based on the digital ocean backend. It also uses nixos-infect. I extended nixos-infect to be generic
+for both backends.
+
+Fixes #855
+---
+ examples/trivial-hetzner-cloud.nix | 12 ++
+ nix/eval-machine-info.nix | 1 +
+ nix/hetzner-cloud.nix | 56 +++++++
+ nix/options.nix | 1 +
+ nixops/backends/hetzner_cloud.py | 230 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+ nixops/data/nixos-infect | 77 +++++++---
+ 6 files changed, 354 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 examples/trivial-hetzner-cloud.nix
+ create mode 100644 nix/hetzner-cloud.nix
+ create mode 100644 nixops/backends/hetzner_cloud.py
+
+diff --git a/examples/trivial-hetzner-cloud.nix b/examples/trivial-hetzner-cloud.nix
+new file mode 100644
+index 000000000..c61add6bb
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/examples/trivial-hetzner-cloud.nix
+@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
++{
++ resources.sshKeyPairs.ssh-key = {};
++
++ machine = { config, pkgs, ... }: {
++ services.openssh.enable = true;
++
++ deployment.targetEnv = "hetznerCloud";
++ deployment.hetznerCloud.serverType = "cx11";
++
++ networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ 22 ];
++ };
++}
+diff --git a/nix/eval-machine-info.nix b/nix/eval-machine-info.nix
+index 2884b4b47..6a7205786 100644
+--- a/nix/eval-machine-info.nix
++++ b/nix/eval-machine-info.nix
+@@ -309,6 +309,7 @@ rec {
+ digitalOcean = optionalAttrs (v.config.deployment.targetEnv == "digitalOcean") v.config.deployment.digitalOcean;
+ gce = optionalAttrs (v.config.deployment.targetEnv == "gce") v.config.deployment.gce;
+ hetzner = optionalAttrs (v.config.deployment.targetEnv == "hetzner") v.config.deployment.hetzner;
++ hetznerCloud = optionalAttrs (v.config.deployment.targetEnv == "hetznerCloud") v.config.deployment.hetznerCloud;
+ container = optionalAttrs (v.config.deployment.targetEnv == "container") v.config.deployment.container;
+ route53 = v.config.deployment.route53;
+ virtualbox =
+diff --git a/nix/hetzner-cloud.nix b/nix/hetzner-cloud.nix
+new file mode 100644
+index 000000000..21d148c1a
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/nix/hetzner-cloud.nix
+@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
++{ config, pkgs, lib, utils, ... }:
++
++with utils;
++with lib;
++with import ./lib.nix lib;
++
++let
++ cfg = config.deployment.hetznerCloud;
++in
++{
++ ###### interface
++ options = {
++
++ deployment.hetznerCloud.authToken = mkOption {
++ default = "";
++ example = "8b2f4e96af3997853bfd4cd8998958eab871d9614e35d63fab45a5ddf981c4da";
++ type = types.str;
++ description = ''
++ The API auth token. We're checking the environment for
++ <envar>HETZNER_CLOUD_AUTH_TOKEN</envar> first and if that is
++ not set we try this auth token.
++ '';
++ };
++
++ deployment.hetznerCloud.datacenter = mkOption {
++ example = "fsn1-dc8";
++ default = null;
++ type = types.nullOr types.str;
++ description = ''
++ The datacenter.
++ '';
++ };
++
++ deployment.hetznerCloud.location = mkOption {
++ example = "fsn1";
++ default = null;
++ type = types.nullOr types.str;
++ description = ''
++ The location.
++ '';
++ };
++
++ deployment.hetznerCloud.serverType = mkOption {
++ example = "cx11";
++ type = types.str;
++ description = ''
++ Name or id of server types.
++ '';
++ };
++ };
++
++ config = mkIf (config.deployment.targetEnv == "hetznerCloud") {
++ nixpkgs.system = mkOverride 900 "x86_64-linux";
++ services.openssh.enable = true;
++ };
++}
+diff --git a/nix/options.nix b/nix/options.nix
+index 0866c3ab8..db021f74d 100644
+--- a/nix/options.nix
++++ b/nix/options.nix
+@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ in
+ ./keys.nix
+ ./gce.nix
+ ./hetzner.nix
++ ./hetzner-cloud.nix
+ ./container.nix
+ ./libvirtd.nix
+ ];
+diff --git a/nixops/backends/hetzner_cloud.py b/nixops/backends/hetzner_cloud.py
+new file mode 100644
+index 000000000..a2cb176b9
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/nixops/backends/hetzner_cloud.py
+@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
++# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
++"""
++A backend for hetzner cloud.
++
++This backend uses nixos-infect (which uses nixos LUSTRATE) to infect a
++hetzner cloud instance. The setup requires two reboots, one for
++the infect itself, another after we pushed the nixos image.
++"""
++import os
++import os.path
++import time
++import socket
++
++import requests
++
++import nixops.resources
++from nixops.backends import MachineDefinition, MachineState
++from nixops.nix_expr import Function, RawValue
++import nixops.util
++import nixops.known_hosts
++
++infect_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', 'data', 'nixos-infect'))
++
++API_HOST = 'api.hetzner.cloud'
++
++class ApiError(Exception):
++ pass
++
++class ApiNotFoundError(ApiError):
++ pass
++
++class HetznerCloudDefinition(MachineDefinition):
++ @classmethod
++ def get_type(cls):
++ return "hetznerCloud"
++
++ def __init__(self, xml, config):
++ MachineDefinition.__init__(self, xml, config)
++ self.auth_token = config["hetznerCloud"]["authToken"]
++ self.location = config["hetznerCloud"]["location"]
++ self.datacenter = config["hetznerCloud"]["datacenter"]
++ self.server_type = config["hetznerCloud"]["serverType"]
++
++ def show_type(self):
++ return "{0} [{1}]".format(self.get_type(), self.location or self.datacenter or 'any location')
++
++
++class HetznerCloudState(MachineState):
++ @classmethod
++ def get_type(cls):
++ return "hetznerCloud"
++
++ state = nixops.util.attr_property("state", MachineState.MISSING, int) # override
++ public_ipv4 = nixops.util.attr_property("publicIpv4", None)
++ public_ipv6 = nixops.util.attr_property("publicIpv6", None)
++ location = nixops.util.attr_property("hetznerCloud.location", None)
++ datacenter = nixops.util.attr_property("hetznerCloud.datacenter", None)
++ server_type = nixops.util.attr_property("hetznerCloud.serverType", None)
++ auth_token = nixops.util.attr_property("hetznerCloud.authToken", None)
++ server_id = nixops.util.attr_property("hetznerCloud.serverId", None, int)
++
++ def __init__(self, depl, name, id):
++ MachineState.__init__(self, depl, name, id)
++ self.name = name
++
++ def get_ssh_name(self):
++ return self.public_ipv4
++
++ def get_ssh_flags(self, *args, **kwargs):
++ super_flags = super(HetznerCloudState, self).get_ssh_flags(*args, **kwargs)
++ return super_flags + [
++ '-o', 'UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null',
++ '-o', 'StrictHostKeyChecking=no',
++ '-i', self.get_ssh_private_key_file(),
++ ]
++
++ def get_physical_spec(self):
++ return Function("{ ... }", {
++ 'imports': [ RawValue('<nixpkgs/nixos/modules/profiles/qemu-guest.nix>') ],
++ ('boot', 'loader', 'grub', 'device'): 'nodev',
++ ('fileSystems', '/'): { 'device': '/dev/sda1', 'fsType': 'ext4'},
++ ('users', 'extraUsers', 'root', 'openssh', 'authorizedKeys', 'keys'): [self.depl.active_resources.get('ssh-key').public_key],
++ })
++
++ def get_ssh_private_key_file(self):
++ return self.write_ssh_private_key(self.depl.active_resources.get('ssh-key').private_key)
++
++ def create_after(self, resources, defn):
++ # make sure the ssh key exists before we do anything else
++ return {
++ r for r in resources if
++ isinstance(r, nixops.resources.ssh_keypair.SSHKeyPairState)
++ }
++
++ def get_auth_token(self):
++ return os.environ.get('HETZNER_CLOUD_AUTH_TOKEN', self.auth_token)
++
++ def _api(self, path, method=None, data=None, json=True):
++ """Basic wrapper around requests that handles auth and serialization."""
++ assert path[0] == '/'
++ url = 'https://%s%s' % (API_HOST, path)
++ token = self.get_auth_token()
++ if not token:
++ raise Exception('No hetzner cloud auth token set')
++ headers = {
++ 'Authorization': 'Bearer '+self.get_auth_token(),
++ }
++ res = requests.request(
++ method=method,
++ url=url,
++ json=data,
++ headers=headers)
++
++ if res.status_code == 404:
++ raise ApiNotFoundError('Not Found: %r' % path)
++ elif not res.ok:
++ raise ApiError('Response for %s %s has status code %d: %s' % (method, path, res.status_code, res.content))
++ if not json:
++ return
++ try:
++ res_data = res.json()
++ except ValueError as e:
++ raise ApiError('Response for %s %s has invalid JSON (%s): %r' % (method, path, e, res.content))
++ return res_data
++
++
++ def destroy(self, wipe=False):
++ if not self.server_id:
++ self.log('server {} was never made'.format(self.name))
++ return
++ self.log('destroying server {} with id {}'.format(self.name, self.server_id))
++ try:
++ res = self._api('/v1/servers/%s' % (self.server_id), method='DELETE')
++ except ApiNotFoundError:
++ self.log("server not found - assuming it's been destroyed already")
++
++ self.public_ipv4 = None
++ self.server_id = None
++
++ return True
++
++ def _create_ssh_key(self, public_key):
++ """Create or get an ssh key and return an id."""
++ public_key = public_key.strip()
++ res = self._api('/v1/ssh_keys', method='GET')
++ name = 'nixops-%s-%s' % (self.depl.uuid, self.name)
++ deletes = []
++ for key in res['ssh_keys']:
++ if key['public_key'].strip() == public_key:
++ return key['id']
++ if key['name'] == name:
++ deletes.append(key['id'])
++ for d in deletes:
++ # This reply is empty, so don't decode json.
++ self._api('/v1/ssh_keys/%d' % d, method='DELETE', json=False)
++ res = self._api('/v1/ssh_keys', method='POST', data={
++ 'name': name,
++ 'public_key': public_key,
++ })
++ return res['ssh_key']['id']
++
++ def create(self, defn, check, allow_reboot, allow_recreate):
++ ssh_key = self.depl.active_resources.get('ssh-key')
++ if ssh_key is None:
++ raise Exception('Please specify a ssh-key resource (resources.sshKeyPairs.ssh-key = {}).')
++
++ self.set_common_state(defn)
++
++ if self.server_id is not None:
++ return
++
++ ssh_key_id = self._create_ssh_key(ssh_key.public_key)
++
++ req = {
++ 'name': self.name,
++ 'server_type': defn.server_type,
++ 'start_after_create': True,
++ 'image': 'debian-9',
++ 'ssh_keys': [
++ ssh_key_id,
++ ],
++ }
++
++ if defn.datacenter:
++ req['datacenter'] = defn.datacenter
++ elif defn.location:
++ req['location'] = defn.location
++
++ self.log_start("creating server ...")
++ create_res = self._api('/v1/servers', method='POST', data=req)
++ self.server_id = create_res['server']['id']
++ self.public_ipv4 = create_res['server']['public_net']['ipv4']['ip']
++ self.public_ipv6 = create_res['server']['public_net']['ipv6']['ip']
++ self.datacenter = create_res['server']['datacenter']['name']
++ self.location = create_res['server']['datacenter']['location']['name']
++
++ action = create_res['action']
++ action_path = '/v1/servers/%d/actions/%d' % (self.server_id, action['id'])
++
++ while action['status'] == 'running':
++ time.sleep(1)
++ res = self._api(action_path, method='GET')
++ action = res['action']
++
++ if action['status'] != 'success':
++ raise Exception('unexpected status: %s' % action['status'])
++
++ self.log_end("{}".format(self.public_ipv4))
++
++ self.wait_for_ssh()
++ self.log_start("running nixos-infect")
++ self.run_command('bash </dev/stdin 2>&1', stdin=open(infect_path))
++ self.reboot_sync()
++
++ def reboot(self, hard=False):
++ if hard:
++ self.log("sending hard reset to server...")
++ res = self._api('/v1/servers/%d/actions/reset' % self.server_id, method='POST')
++ action = res['action']
++ action_path = '/v1/servers/%d/actions/%d' % (self.server_id, action['id'])
++ while action['status'] == 'running':
++ time.sleep(1)
++ res = self._api(action_path, method='GET')
++ action = res['action']
++ if action['status'] != 'success':
++ raise Exception('unexpected status: %s' % action['status'])
++ self.wait_for_ssh()
++ self.state = self.STARTING
++ else:
++ MachineState.reboot(self, hard=hard)
+diff --git a/nixops/data/nixos-infect b/nixops/data/nixos-infect
+index 66634357b..437a2ec61 100644
+--- a/nixops/data/nixos-infect
++++ b/nixops/data/nixos-infect
+@@ -68,26 +68,49 @@ makeConf() {
+ }
+ EOF
+ # (nixos-generate-config will add qemu-user and bind-mounts, so avoid)
++ local disk
++ if [ -e /dev/sda ]; then
++ disk=/dev/sda
++ else
++ disk=/dev/vda
++ fi
+ cat > /etc/nixos/hardware-configuration.nix << EOF
+ { ... }:
+ {
+ imports = [ <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/profiles/qemu-guest.nix> ];
+- boot.loader.grub.device = "/dev/vda";
+- fileSystems."/" = { device = "/dev/vda1"; fsType = "ext4"; };
++ boot.loader.grub.device = "${disk}";
++ fileSystems."/" = { device = "${disk}1"; fsType = "ext4"; };
+ }
+ EOF
+
+ local IFS=$'\n'
+- ens3_ip4s=($(ip address show dev eth0 | grep 'inet ' | sed -r 's|.*inet ([0-9.]+)/([0-9]+).*|{ address="\1"; prefixLength=\2; }|'))
+- ens3_ip6s=($(ip address show dev eth0 | grep 'inet6 .*global' | sed -r 's|.*inet6 ([0-9a-f:]+)/([0-9]+).*|{ address="\1"; prefixLength=\2; }|'))
+- ens4_ip4s=($(ip address show dev eth1 | grep 'inet ' | sed -r 's|.*inet ([0-9.]+)/([0-9]+).*|{ address="\1"; prefixLength=\2; }|'))
+- ens4_ip6s=($(ip address show dev eth1 | grep 'inet6 .*global' | sed -r 's|.*inet6 ([0-9a-f:]+)/([0-9]+).*|{ address="\1"; prefixLength=\2; }|'))
+- gateway=($(ip route show dev eth0 | grep default | sed -r 's|default via ([0-9.]+).*|\1|'))
+- gateway6=($(ip -6 route show dev eth0 | grep default | sed -r 's|default via ([0-9a-f:]+).*|\1|'))
+- ether0=($(ip address show dev eth0 | grep link/ether | sed -r 's|.*link/ether ([0-9a-f:]+) .*|\1|'))
+- ether1=($(ip address show dev eth1 | grep link/ether | sed -r 's|.*link/ether ([0-9a-f:]+) .*|\1|'))
++ gateway=($(ip route show | grep default | sed -r 's|default via ([0-9.]+).*|\1|'))
++ gateway6=($(ip -6 route show | grep default | sed -r 's|default via ([0-9a-f:]+).*|\1|'))
++ interfaces=($(ip link | awk -F ': ' '/^[0-9]*: / {if ($2 != "lo") {print $2}}'))
+ nameservers=($(grep ^nameserver /etc/resolv.conf | cut -f2 -d' '))
+
++ # Predict the predictable name for each interface since that is enabled in
++ # the nixos system.
++ declare -A predictable_names
++ for interface in ${interfaces[@]}; do
++ # udevadm prints out the candidate names which will be selected if
++ # available in this order.
++ local name=$(udevadm info /sys/class/net/$interface | awk -F = '
++ /^E: ID_NET_NAME_FROM_DATABASE=/ {arr[1]=$2}
++ /^E: ID_NET_NAME_ONBOARD=/ {arr[2]=$2}
++ /^E: ID_NET_NAME_SLOT=/ {arr[3]=$2}
++ /^E: ID_NET_NAME_PATH=/ {arr[4]=$2}
++ /^E: ID_NET_NAME_MAC=/ {arr[5]=$2}
++ END {for (i=1;i<6;i++) {if (length(arr[i]) > 0) { print arr[i]; break}}}')
++ if [ -z "$name" ]; then
++ echo Could not determine predictable name for interface $interface
++ fi
++ predictable_names[$interface]=$name
++ done
++
++ # Take a gamble on the first interface being able to reach the gateway.
++ local default_interface=${predictable_names[${interfaces[0]}]}
++
+ cat > /etc/nixos/networking.nix << EOF
+ { ... }: {
+ # This file was populated at runtime with the networking
+@@ -96,25 +119,27 @@ EOF
+ nameservers = [$(for a in ${nameservers[@]}; do echo -n "
+ \"$a\""; done)
+ ];
+- defaultGateway = "${gateway}";
+- defaultGateway6 = "${gateway6}";
++ defaultGateway = {address = "${gateway}"; interface = "${default_interface}";};
++ defaultGateway6 = {address = "${gateway6}"; interface = "${default_interface}";};
+ interfaces = {
+- ens3 = {
+- ip4 = [$(for a in ${ens3_ip4s[@]}; do echo -n "
+- $a"; done)
+- ];
+- ip6 = [$(for a in ${ens3_ip6s[@]}; do echo -n "
+- $a"; done)
+- ];
+- };
+- ens4 = {
+- ip4 = [$(for a in ${ens4_ip4s[@]}; do echo -n "
++EOF
++
++ for interface in ${interfaces[@]}; do
++ ip4s=($(ip address show dev $interface | grep 'inet ' | sed -r 's|.*inet ([0-9.]+)/([0-9]+).*|{ address="\1"; prefixLength=\2; }|'))
++ ip6s=($(ip address show dev $interface | grep 'inet6 .*global' | sed -r 's|.*inet6 ([0-9a-f:]+)/([0-9]+).*|{ address="\1"; prefixLength=\2; }|'))
++ cat >> /etc/nixos/networking.nix << EOF
++ ${predictable_names[$interface]} = {
++ ip4 = [$(for a in ${ip4s[@]}; do echo -n "
+ $a"; done)
+ ];
+- ip6 = [$(for a in ${ens4_ip6s[@]}; do echo -n "
++ ip6 = [$(for a in ${ip6s[@]}; do echo -n "
+ $a"; done)
+ ];
+ };
++EOF
++ done
++
++ cat >> /etc/nixos/networking.nix << EOF
+ };
+ };
+ }
+@@ -154,6 +179,12 @@ export HOME="/root"
+ groupadd -r nixbld -g 30000
+ seq 1 10 | xargs -I{} useradd -c "Nix build user {}" -d /var/empty -g nixbld -G nixbld -M -N -r -s `which nologin` nixbld{}
+
++if ! which curl >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
++ if which apt-get >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
++ apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl
++ fi
++fi
++
+ curl https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
+
+ source ~/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh