doc/Server-security.html


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<h1 id="server-security">Server security</h1>
<h2 id="php.ini">php.ini</h2>
<p>PHP settings are defined in:</p>
<ul>
<li>a main configuration file, usually found under <code>/etc/php5/php.ini</code>; some distributions provide different configuration environments, e.g.
<ul>
<li><code>/etc/php5/php.ini</code> - used when running console scripts</li>
<li><code>/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini</code> - used when a client requests PHP resources from Apache</li>
<li><code>/etc/php5/php-fpm.conf</code> - used when PHP requests are proxied to PHP-FPM</li>
</ul></li>
<li>additional configuration files/entries, depending on the installed/enabled extensions:
<ul>
<li><code>/etc/php/conf.d/xdebug.ini</code></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="locate-.ini-files">Locate .ini files</h3>
<h4 id="console-environment">Console environment</h4>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode bash"><code class="sourceCode bash">$ <span class="ex">php</span> --ini
<span class="ex">Configuration</span> File (php.ini) <span class="ex">Path</span>: /etc/php
<span class="ex">Loaded</span> Configuration File:         /etc/php/php.ini
<span class="ex">Scan</span> for additional .ini files in: /etc/php/conf.d
<span class="ex">Additional</span> .ini files parsed:      /etc/php/conf.d/xdebug.ini</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="server-environment">Server environment</h4>
<ul>
<li>create a <code>phpinfo.php</code> script located in a path supported by the web server, e.g.
<ul>
<li>Apache (with user dirs enabled): <code>/home/myself/public_html/phpinfo.php</code></li>
<li><code>/var/www/test/phpinfo.php</code></li>
</ul></li>
<li>make sure the script is readable by the web server user/group (usually, <code>www</code>, <code>www-data</code> or <code>httpd</code>)</li>
<li>access the script from a web browser</li>
<li><p>look at the <em>Loaded Configuration File</em> and <em>Scan this dir for additional .ini files</em> entries</p>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode php"><code class="sourceCode php"><span class="kw">&lt;?php</span> <span class="fu">phpinfo</span><span class="ot">();</span> <span class="kw">?&gt;</span></code></pre></div></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="fail2ban">fail2ban</h2>
<p><code>fail2ban</code> is an intrusion prevention framework that reads server (Apache, SSH, etc.) and uses <code>iptables</code> profiles to block brute-force attempts:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.fail2ban.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page">Official website</a><a href=".html"></a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban">Source code</a><a href=".html"></a></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="read-shaarli-logs-to-ban-ips">Read Shaarli logs to ban IPs</h3>
<p>Example configuration:</p>
<ul>
<li>allow 3 login attempts per IP address</li>
<li>after 3 failures, permanently ban the corresponding IP adddress</li>
</ul>
<p><code>/etc/fail2ban/jail.local</code></p>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode ini"><code class="sourceCode ini"><span class="kw">[shaarli-auth][]</span><span class="dt">(.html)</span>
<span class="dt">enabled  </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">true</span>
<span class="dt">port     </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> https,http</span>
<span class="dt">filter   </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> shaarli-auth</span>
<span class="dt">logpath  </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> /var/www/path/to/shaarli/data/log.txt</span>
<span class="dt">maxretry </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> </span><span class="dv">3</span>
<span class="dt">bantime </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> -</span><span class="dv">1</span></code></pre></div>
<p><code>/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/shaarli-auth.conf</code></p>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode ini"><code class="sourceCode ini"><span class="kw">[INCLUDES][]</span><span class="dt">(.html)</span>
<span class="dt">before </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> common.conf</span>
<span class="kw">[Definition][]</span><span class="dt">(.html)</span>
<span class="dt">failregex </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> \s-\s&lt;HOST&gt;\s-\sLogin failed for user.*$</span>
<span class="dt">ignoreregex </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> </span></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="robots---restricting-search-engines-and-web-crawler-traffic">Robots - Restricting search engines and web crawler traffic</h2>
<p>Creating a <code>robots.txt</code> with the following contents at the root of your Shaarli installation will prevent <em>honest</em> web crawlers from indexing each and every link and Daily page from a Shaarli instance, thus getting rid of a certain amount of unsollicited network traffic.</p>
<pre><code>User-agent: *
Disallow: /</code></pre>
<p>See:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.robotstxt.org/" class="uri">http://www.robotstxt.org/</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html" class="uri">http://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.robotstxt.org/meta.html" class="uri">http://www.robotstxt.org/meta.html</a></li>
</ul>
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