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1 | _Last updated on 2018-07-01._ | ||
2 | |||
3 | ## Goals | ||
4 | - Getting a Virtual Private Server (VPS) | ||
5 | - Running Shaarli: | ||
6 | - as a Docker container, | ||
7 | - using the Træfik reverse proxy, | ||
8 | - securized with TLS certificates from Let's Encrypt. | ||
9 | |||
10 | |||
11 | The following components and tools will be used: | ||
12 | |||
13 | - [Debian](https://www.debian.org/), a GNU/Linux distribution widely used in | ||
14 | server environments; | ||
15 | - [Docker](https://docs.docker.com/engine/docker-overview/), an open platform | ||
16 | for developing, shipping, and running applications; | ||
17 | - [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/), a tool for defining and | ||
18 | running multi-container Docker applications. | ||
19 | |||
20 | |||
21 | More information can be found in the [Resources](#resources) section at the | ||
22 | bottom of the guide. | ||
23 | |||
24 | ## Getting a Virtual Private Server | ||
25 | For this guide, I went for the smallest VPS available from DigitalOcean, | ||
26 | a Droplet with 1 CPU, 1 GiB RAM and 25 GiB SSD storage, which costs | ||
27 | $5/month ($0.007/hour): | ||
28 | |||
29 | - [Droplets Overview](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/overview/) | ||
30 | - [Pricing](https://www.digitalocean.com/pricing/) | ||
31 | - [How to Create a Droplet from the DigitalOcean Control Panel](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/how-to/create/) | ||
32 | - [How to Add SSH Keys to Droplets](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/how-to/add-ssh-keys/) | ||
33 | - [Initial Server Setup with Debian 8](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/initial-server-setup-with-debian-8) (also applies to Debian 9) | ||
34 | - [An Introduction to Securing your Linux VPS](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/an-introduction-to-securing-your-linux-vps) | ||
35 | |||
36 | ### Creating a Droplet | ||
37 | Select `Debian 9` as the Droplet distribution: | ||
38 | |||
39 | <img src="../images/01-create-droplet-distro.jpg" | ||
40 | width="500px" | ||
41 | alt="Droplet distribution" /> | ||
42 | |||
43 | Choose a region that is geographically close to you: | ||
44 | |||
45 | <img src="../images/02-create-droplet-region.jpg" | ||
46 | width="500px" | ||
47 | alt="Droplet region" /> | ||
48 | |||
49 | Choose a Droplet size that corresponds to your usage and budget: | ||
50 | |||
51 | <img src="../images/03-create-droplet-size.jpg" | ||
52 | width="500px" | ||
53 | alt="Droplet size" /> | ||
54 | |||
55 | Finalize the Droplet creation: | ||
56 | |||
57 | <img src="../images/04-finalize.jpg" | ||
58 | width="500px" | ||
59 | alt="Droplet finalization" /> | ||
60 | |||
61 | Droplet information is displayed on the Control Panel: | ||
62 | |||
63 | <img src="../images/05-droplet.jpg" | ||
64 | width="500px" | ||
65 | alt="Droplet summary" /> | ||
66 | |||
67 | Once your VPS has been created, you will receive an e-mail with connection | ||
68 | instructions. | ||
69 | |||
70 | ## Obtaining a domain name | ||
71 | After creating your VPS, it will be reachable using its IP address; some hosting | ||
72 | providers also create a DNS record, e.g. `ns4853142.ip-01-47-127.eu`. | ||
73 | |||
74 | A domain name (DNS record) is required to obtain a certificate and setup HTTPS | ||
75 | (HTTP with TLS encryption). | ||
76 | |||
77 | Domain names can be obtained from registrars through hosting providers such as | ||
78 | [Gandi](https://www.gandi.net/en/domain). | ||
79 | |||
80 | Once you have your own domain, you need to create a new DNS record that points | ||
81 | to your VPS' IP address: | ||
82 | |||
83 | <img src="../images/06-domain.jpg" | ||
84 | width="650px" | ||
85 | alt="Domain configuration" /> | ||
86 | |||
87 | ## Host setup | ||
88 | Now's the time to connect to your freshly created VPS! | ||
89 | |||
90 | ```shell | ||
91 | $ ssh root@188.166.85.8 | ||
92 | |||
93 | Linux stretch-shaarli-02 4.9.0-6-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.9.88-1+deb9u1 (2018-05-07) x86_64 | ||
94 | |||
95 | The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; | ||
96 | the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the | ||
97 | individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. | ||
98 | |||
99 | Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent | ||
100 | permitted by applicable law. | ||
101 | Last login: Sun Jul 1 11:20:18 2018 from <REDACTED> | ||
102 | |||
103 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ | ||
104 | ``` | ||
105 | |||
106 | ### Updating the system | ||
107 | ```shell | ||
108 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt update && apt upgrade -y | ||
109 | ``` | ||
110 | |||
111 | ### Setting up Docker | ||
112 | _The following instructions are from the | ||
113 | [Get Docker CE for Debian](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/debian/) | ||
114 | guide._ | ||
115 | |||
116 | Install package dependencies: | ||
117 | |||
118 | ```shell | ||
119 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common | ||
120 | ``` | ||
121 | |||
122 | Add Docker's package repository GPG key: | ||
123 | |||
124 | ```shell | ||
125 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add - | ||
126 | ``` | ||
127 | |||
128 | Add Docker's package repository: | ||
129 | |||
130 | ```shell | ||
131 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch stable" | ||
132 | ``` | ||
133 | |||
134 | Update package lists and install Docker: | ||
135 | |||
136 | ```shell | ||
137 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt update && apt install -y docker-ce | ||
138 | ``` | ||
139 | |||
140 | Verify Docker is properly configured by running the `hello-world` image: | ||
141 | |||
142 | ```shell | ||
143 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ docker run hello-world | ||
144 | ``` | ||
145 | |||
146 | ### Setting up Docker Compose | ||
147 | _The following instructions are from the | ||
148 | [Install Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/) | ||
149 | guide._ | ||
150 | |||
151 | Download the current version from the release page: | ||
152 | |||
153 | ```shell | ||
154 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose | ||
155 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose | ||
156 | ``` | ||
157 | |||
158 | ## Running Shaarli | ||
159 | Shaarli comes with a configuration file for Docker Compose, that will setup: | ||
160 | |||
161 | - a local Docker network | ||
162 | - a Docker [volume](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/) to store Shaarli data | ||
163 | - a Docker [volume](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/) to store Træfik TLS configuration and certificates | ||
164 | - a [Shaarli](https://hub.docker.com/r/shaarli/shaarli/) instance | ||
165 | - a [Træfik](https://hub.docker.com/_/traefik/) instance | ||
166 | |||
167 | [Træfik](https://docs.traefik.io/) is a modern HTTP reverse proxy, with native | ||
168 | support for Docker and [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/). | ||
169 | |||
170 | ### Compose configuration | ||
171 | Create a new directory to store the configuration: | ||
172 | |||
173 | ```shell | ||
174 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ mkdir shaarli && cd shaarli | ||
175 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ | ||
176 | ``` | ||
177 | |||
178 | Download the current version of Shaarli's `docker-compose.yml`: | ||
179 | |||
180 | ```shell | ||
181 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shaarli/Shaarli/master/docker-compose.yml -o docker-compose.yml | ||
182 | ``` | ||
183 | |||
184 | Create the `.env` file and fill in your VPS and domain information (replace | ||
185 | `<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN>` and `<MY_CONTACT_EMAIL>` with your actual information): | ||
186 | |||
187 | ```shell | ||
188 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ vim .env | ||
189 | ``` | ||
190 | |||
191 | ```shell | ||
192 | SHAARLI_VIRTUAL_HOST=<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN> | ||
193 | SHAARLI_LETSENCRYPT_EMAIL=<MY_CONTACT_EMAIL> | ||
194 | ``` | ||
195 | |||
196 | ### Pull the Docker images | ||
197 | ```shell | ||
198 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ docker-compose pull | ||
199 | Pulling shaarli ... done | ||
200 | Pulling traefik ... done | ||
201 | ``` | ||
202 | |||
203 | ### Run! | ||
204 | ```shell | ||
205 | root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ docker-compose up -d | ||
206 | Creating network "shaarli_http-proxy" with the default driver | ||
207 | Creating volume "shaarli_traefik-acme" with default driver | ||
208 | Creating volume "shaarli_shaarli-data" with default driver | ||
209 | Creating shaarli_shaarli_1 ... done | ||
210 | Creating shaarli_traefik_1 ... done | ||
211 | ``` | ||
212 | |||
213 | ## Conclusion | ||
214 | Congratulations! Your Shaarli instance should be up and running, and available | ||
215 | at `https://<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN>`. | ||
216 | |||
217 | <img src="../images/07-installation.jpg" | ||
218 | width="500px" | ||
219 | alt="Shaarli installation page" /> | ||
220 | |||
221 | ## Resources | ||
222 | ### Related Shaarli documentation | ||
223 | - [Docker 101](../docker/docker-101.md) | ||
224 | - [Shaarli images](../docker/shaarli-images.md) | ||
225 | |||
226 | ### Hosting providers | ||
227 | - [DigitalOcean](https://www.digitalocean.com/) | ||
228 | - [Gandi](https://www.gandi.net/en) | ||
229 | - [OVH](https://www.ovh.co.uk/) | ||
230 | - [RackSpace](https://www.rackspace.com/) | ||
231 | - etc. | ||
232 | |||
233 | ### Domain Names and Registrars | ||
234 | - [Introduction to the Domain Name System (DNS)](https://opensource.com/article/17/4/introduction-domain-name-system-dns) | ||
235 | - [ICANN](https://www.icann.org/) | ||
236 | - [Domain name registrar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_name_registrar) | ||
237 | - [OVH Domain Registration](https://www.ovh.co.uk/domains/) | ||
238 | - [Gandi Domain Registration](https://www.gandi.net/en/domain) | ||
239 | |||
240 | ### HTTPS and Security | ||
241 | - [Transport Layer Security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security) | ||
242 | - [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/) | ||
243 | |||
244 | ### Docker | ||
245 | - [Docker Overview](https://docs.docker.com/engine/docker-overview/) | ||
246 | - [Docker Documentation](https://docs.docker.com/) | ||
247 | - [Get Docker CE for Debian](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/debian/) | ||
248 | - [docker logs](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/logs/) | ||
249 | - [Volumes](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/) | ||
250 | - [Install Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/) | ||
251 | - [docker-compose logs](https://docs.docker.com/compose/reference/logs/) | ||
252 | |||
253 | ### Træfik | ||
254 | - [Getting Started](https://docs.traefik.io/) | ||
255 | - [Docker backend](https://docs.traefik.io/configuration/backends/docker/) | ||
256 | - [Let's Encrypt and Docker](https://docs.traefik.io/user-guide/docker-and-lets-encrypt/) | ||
257 | - [traefik](https://hub.docker.com/_/traefik/) Docker image | ||