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1## Usage and Prerequisites
2
3See the [REST API documentation](http://shaarli.github.io/api-documentation/)
4for a list of available endpoints and parameters.
5
6Please ensure that your server meets the [requirements](Server-requirements)
7and is properly [configured](Server-configuration):
8
9- URL rewriting is enabled (see specific Apache and Nginx sections)
10- the server's timezone is properly defined
11- the server's clock is synchronized with
12 [NTP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Time_Protocol)
13
14The host where the API client is invoked should also be synchronized with NTP,
15see [token expiration](#payload).
16
17## Authentication
18
19All requests to Shaarli's API must include a JWT token to verify their authenticity.
20
21This token has to be included as an HTTP header called `Authentication: Bearer <jwt token>`.
22
23JWT resources :
24
25- [jwt.io](https://jwt.io) (including a list of client per language).
26- RFC : https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7519
27- https://float-middle.com/json-web-tokens-jwt-vs-sessions/
28- HackerNews thread: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11929267
29
30
31### Shaarli JWT Token
32
33JWT tokens are composed by three parts, separated by a dot `.` and encoded in base64:
34
35```
36[header].[payload].[signature]
37```
38
39#### Header
40
41Shaarli only allow one hash algorithm, so the header will always be the same:
42
43```json
44{
45 "typ": "JWT",
46 "alg": "HS512"
47}
48```
49
50Encoded in base64, it gives:
51
52```
53ewogICAgICAgICJ0eXAiOiAiSldUIiwKICAgICAgICAiYWxnIjogIkhTNTEyIgogICAgfQ==
54```
55
56#### Payload
57
58**Token expiration**
59
60To avoid infinite token validity, JWT tokens must include their creation date
61in UNIX timestamp format (timezone independent - UTC) under the key `iat` (issued at).
62This token will be valid during **9 minutes**.
63
64```json
65{
66 "iat": 1468663519
67}
68```
69
70See [RFC reference](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7519#section-4.1.6).
71
72
73#### Signature
74
75The signature authenticate the token validity. It contains the base64 of the header and the body, separated by a dot `.`, hashed in SHA512 with the API secret available in Shaarli administration page.
76
77Signature example with PHP:
78
79```php
80$content = base64_encode($header) . '.' . base64_encode($payload);
81$signature = hash_hmac('sha512', $content, $secret);
82```
83
84
85## Clients and examples
86### Android, Java, Kotlin
87
88- [Android client example with Kotlin](https://gitlab.com/snippets/1665808)
89 by [Braincoke](https://github.com/Braincoke)
90
91### Javascript, NodeJS
92
93- [shaarli-client](https://www.npmjs.com/package/shaarli-client)
94 ([source code](https://github.com/laBecasse/shaarli-client))
95 by [laBecasse](https://github.com/laBecasse)
96
97### PHP
98
99This example uses the [PHP cURL](http://php.net/manual/en/book.curl.php) library.
100
101```php
102<?php
103$baseUrl = 'https://shaarli.mydomain.net';
104$secret = 'thats_my_api_secret';
105
106function base64url_encode($data) {
107 return rtrim(strtr(base64_encode($data), '+/', '-_'), '=');
108}
109
110function generateToken($secret) {
111 $header = base64url_encode('{
112 "typ": "JWT",
113 "alg": "HS512"
114 }');
115 $payload = base64url_encode('{
116 "iat": '. time() .'
117 }');
118 $signature = base64url_encode(hash_hmac('sha512', $header .'.'. $payload , $secret, true));
119 return $header . '.' . $payload . '.' . $signature;
120}
121
122
123function getInfo($baseUrl, $secret) {
124 $token = generateToken($secret);
125 $endpoint = rtrim($baseUrl, '/') . '/api/v1/info';
126
127 $headers = [
128 'Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
129 'Authorization: Bearer ' . $token,
130 ];
131
132 $ch = curl_init($endpoint);
133 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
134 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
135 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, 1);
136 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FRESH_CONNECT, 1);
137
138 $result = curl_exec($ch);
139 curl_close($ch);
140
141 return $result;
142}
143
144var_dump(getInfo($baseUrl, $secret));
145```
146
147
148### Python
149
150See the reference API client:
151
152- [Documentation](http://python-shaarli-client.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) on ReadTheDocs
153- [python-shaarli-client](https://github.com/shaarli/python-shaarli-client) on Github