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diff --git a/server/tests/api/transcoding/transcoder.ts b/server/tests/api/transcoding/transcoder.ts
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/server/tests/api/transcoding/transcoder.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,733 @@
+/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unused-expressions,@typescript-eslint/require-await */
+
+import 'mocha'
+import * as chai from 'chai'
+import { omit } from 'lodash'
+import { canDoQuickTranscode } from '@server/helpers/ffmpeg'
+import { generateHighBitrateVideo, generateVideoWithFramerate, getAllFiles } from '@server/tests/shared'
+import { buildAbsoluteFixturePath, getMaxBitrate, getMinLimitBitrate } from '@shared/core-utils'
+import {
+  getAudioStream,
+  buildFileMetadata,
+  getVideoStreamBitrate,
+  getVideoStreamFPS,
+  getVideoStreamDimensionsInfo,
+  hasAudioStream
+} from '@shared/extra-utils'
+import { HttpStatusCode, VideoState } from '@shared/models'
+import {
+  cleanupTests,
+  createMultipleServers,
+  doubleFollow,
+  makeGetRequest,
+  PeerTubeServer,
+  setAccessTokensToServers,
+  waitJobs,
+  webtorrentAdd
+} from '@shared/server-commands'
+
+const expect = chai.expect
+
+function updateConfigForTranscoding (server: PeerTubeServer) {
+  return server.config.updateCustomSubConfig({
+    newConfig: {
+      transcoding: {
+        enabled: true,
+        allowAdditionalExtensions: true,
+        allowAudioFiles: true,
+        hls: { enabled: true },
+        webtorrent: { enabled: true },
+        resolutions: {
+          '0p': false,
+          '144p': true,
+          '240p': true,
+          '360p': true,
+          '480p': true,
+          '720p': true,
+          '1080p': true,
+          '1440p': true,
+          '2160p': true
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  })
+}
+
+describe('Test video transcoding', function () {
+  let servers: PeerTubeServer[] = []
+  let video4k: string
+
+  before(async function () {
+    this.timeout(30_000)
+
+    // Run servers
+    servers = await createMultipleServers(2)
+
+    await setAccessTokensToServers(servers)
+
+    await doubleFollow(servers[0], servers[1])
+
+    await updateConfigForTranscoding(servers[1])
+  })
+
+  describe('Basic transcoding (or not)', function () {
+
+    it('Should not transcode video on server 1', async function () {
+      this.timeout(60_000)
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: 'my super name for server 1',
+        description: 'my super description for server 1',
+        fixture: 'video_short.webm'
+      }
+      await servers[0].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+        const video = data[0]
+
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+        expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(1)
+
+        const magnetUri = videoDetails.files[0].magnetUri
+        expect(magnetUri).to.match(/\.webm/)
+
+        const torrent = await webtorrentAdd(magnetUri, true)
+        expect(torrent.files).to.be.an('array')
+        expect(torrent.files.length).to.equal(1)
+        expect(torrent.files[0].path).match(/\.webm$/)
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should transcode video on server 2', async function () {
+      this.timeout(120_000)
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: 'my super name for server 2',
+        description: 'my super description for server 2',
+        fixture: 'video_short.webm'
+      }
+      await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+        const video = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+
+        expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(5)
+
+        const magnetUri = videoDetails.files[0].magnetUri
+        expect(magnetUri).to.match(/\.mp4/)
+
+        const torrent = await webtorrentAdd(magnetUri, true)
+        expect(torrent.files).to.be.an('array')
+        expect(torrent.files.length).to.equal(1)
+        expect(torrent.files[0].path).match(/\.mp4$/)
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should wait for transcoding before publishing the video', async function () {
+      this.timeout(160_000)
+
+      {
+        // Upload the video, but wait transcoding
+        const attributes = {
+          name: 'waiting video',
+          fixture: 'video_short1.webm',
+          waitTranscoding: true
+        }
+        const { uuid } = await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+        const videoId = uuid
+
+        // Should be in transcode state
+        const body = await servers[1].videos.get({ id: videoId })
+        expect(body.name).to.equal('waiting video')
+        expect(body.state.id).to.equal(VideoState.TO_TRANSCODE)
+        expect(body.state.label).to.equal('To transcode')
+        expect(body.waitTranscoding).to.be.true
+
+        {
+          // Should have my video
+          const { data } = await servers[1].videos.listMyVideos()
+          const videoToFindInMine = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+          expect(videoToFindInMine).not.to.be.undefined
+          expect(videoToFindInMine.state.id).to.equal(VideoState.TO_TRANSCODE)
+          expect(videoToFindInMine.state.label).to.equal('To transcode')
+          expect(videoToFindInMine.waitTranscoding).to.be.true
+        }
+
+        {
+          // Should not list this video
+          const { data } = await servers[1].videos.list()
+          const videoToFindInList = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+          expect(videoToFindInList).to.be.undefined
+        }
+
+        // Server 1 should not have the video yet
+        await servers[0].videos.get({ id: videoId, expectedStatus: HttpStatusCode.NOT_FOUND_404 })
+      }
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+        const videoToFind = data.find(v => v.name === 'waiting video')
+        expect(videoToFind).not.to.be.undefined
+
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: videoToFind.id })
+
+        expect(videoDetails.state.id).to.equal(VideoState.PUBLISHED)
+        expect(videoDetails.state.label).to.equal('Published')
+        expect(videoDetails.waitTranscoding).to.be.true
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should accept and transcode additional extensions', async function () {
+      this.timeout(300_000)
+
+      for (const fixture of [ 'video_short.mkv', 'video_short.avi' ]) {
+        const attributes = {
+          name: fixture,
+          fixture
+        }
+
+        await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+        await waitJobs(servers)
+
+        for (const server of servers) {
+          const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+          const video = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+          const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+          expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(5)
+
+          const magnetUri = videoDetails.files[0].magnetUri
+          expect(magnetUri).to.contain('.mp4')
+        }
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should transcode a 4k video', async function () {
+      this.timeout(200_000)
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: '4k video',
+        fixture: 'video_short_4k.mp4'
+      }
+
+      const { uuid } = await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+      video4k = uuid
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      const resolutions = [ 144, 240, 360, 480, 720, 1080, 1440, 2160 ]
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video4k })
+        expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(resolutions.length)
+
+        for (const r of resolutions) {
+          expect(videoDetails.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === r)).to.not.be.undefined
+          expect(videoDetails.streamingPlaylists[0].files.find(f => f.resolution.id === r)).to.not.be.undefined
+        }
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Audio transcoding', function () {
+
+    it('Should transcode high bit rate mp3 to proper bit rate', async function () {
+      this.timeout(60_000)
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: 'mp3_256k',
+        fixture: 'video_short_mp3_256k.mp4'
+      }
+      await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+        const video = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+
+        expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(5)
+
+        const file = videoDetails.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === 240)
+        const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+        const probe = await getAudioStream(path)
+
+        if (probe.audioStream) {
+          expect(probe.audioStream['codec_name']).to.be.equal('aac')
+          expect(probe.audioStream['bit_rate']).to.be.at.most(384 * 8000)
+        } else {
+          this.fail('Could not retrieve the audio stream on ' + probe.absolutePath)
+        }
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should transcode video with no audio and have no audio itself', async function () {
+      this.timeout(60_000)
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: 'no_audio',
+        fixture: 'video_short_no_audio.mp4'
+      }
+      await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+        const video = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+
+        const file = videoDetails.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === 240)
+        const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+
+        expect(await hasAudioStream(path)).to.be.false
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should leave the audio untouched, but properly transcode the video', async function () {
+      this.timeout(60_000)
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: 'untouched_audio',
+        fixture: 'video_short.mp4'
+      }
+      await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+        const video = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+
+        expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(5)
+
+        const fixturePath = buildAbsoluteFixturePath(attributes.fixture)
+        const fixtureVideoProbe = await getAudioStream(fixturePath)
+
+        const file = videoDetails.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === 240)
+        const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+
+        const videoProbe = await getAudioStream(path)
+
+        if (videoProbe.audioStream && fixtureVideoProbe.audioStream) {
+          const toOmit = [ 'max_bit_rate', 'duration', 'duration_ts', 'nb_frames', 'start_time', 'start_pts' ]
+          expect(omit(videoProbe.audioStream, toOmit)).to.be.deep.equal(omit(fixtureVideoProbe.audioStream, toOmit))
+        } else {
+          this.fail('Could not retrieve the audio stream on ' + videoProbe.absolutePath)
+        }
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Audio upload', function () {
+
+    function runSuite (mode: 'legacy' | 'resumable') {
+
+      before(async function () {
+        await servers[1].config.updateCustomSubConfig({
+          newConfig: {
+            transcoding: {
+              hls: { enabled: true },
+              webtorrent: { enabled: true },
+              resolutions: {
+                '0p': false,
+                '144p': false,
+                '240p': false,
+                '360p': false,
+                '480p': false,
+                '720p': false,
+                '1080p': false,
+                '1440p': false,
+                '2160p': false
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        })
+      })
+
+      it('Should merge an audio file with the preview file', async function () {
+        this.timeout(60_000)
+
+        const attributes = { name: 'audio_with_preview', previewfile: 'preview.jpg', fixture: 'sample.ogg' }
+        await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes, mode })
+
+        await waitJobs(servers)
+
+        for (const server of servers) {
+          const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+          const video = data.find(v => v.name === 'audio_with_preview')
+          const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+
+          expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(1)
+
+          await makeGetRequest({ url: server.url, path: videoDetails.thumbnailPath, expectedStatus: HttpStatusCode.OK_200 })
+          await makeGetRequest({ url: server.url, path: videoDetails.previewPath, expectedStatus: HttpStatusCode.OK_200 })
+
+          const magnetUri = videoDetails.files[0].magnetUri
+          expect(magnetUri).to.contain('.mp4')
+        }
+      })
+
+      it('Should upload an audio file and choose a default background image', async function () {
+        this.timeout(60_000)
+
+        const attributes = { name: 'audio_without_preview', fixture: 'sample.ogg' }
+        await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes, mode })
+
+        await waitJobs(servers)
+
+        for (const server of servers) {
+          const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+          const video = data.find(v => v.name === 'audio_without_preview')
+          const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+
+          expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(1)
+
+          await makeGetRequest({ url: server.url, path: videoDetails.thumbnailPath, expectedStatus: HttpStatusCode.OK_200 })
+          await makeGetRequest({ url: server.url, path: videoDetails.previewPath, expectedStatus: HttpStatusCode.OK_200 })
+
+          const magnetUri = videoDetails.files[0].magnetUri
+          expect(magnetUri).to.contain('.mp4')
+        }
+      })
+
+      it('Should upload an audio file and create an audio version only', async function () {
+        this.timeout(60_000)
+
+        await servers[1].config.updateCustomSubConfig({
+          newConfig: {
+            transcoding: {
+              hls: { enabled: true },
+              webtorrent: { enabled: true },
+              resolutions: {
+                '0p': true,
+                '144p': false,
+                '240p': false,
+                '360p': false
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        })
+
+        const attributes = { name: 'audio_with_preview', previewfile: 'preview.jpg', fixture: 'sample.ogg' }
+        const { id } = await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes, mode })
+
+        await waitJobs(servers)
+
+        for (const server of servers) {
+          const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id })
+
+          for (const files of [ videoDetails.files, videoDetails.streamingPlaylists[0].files ]) {
+            expect(files).to.have.lengthOf(2)
+            expect(files.find(f => f.resolution.id === 0)).to.not.be.undefined
+          }
+        }
+
+        await updateConfigForTranscoding(servers[1])
+      })
+    }
+
+    describe('Legacy upload', function () {
+      runSuite('legacy')
+    })
+
+    describe('Resumable upload', function () {
+      runSuite('resumable')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Framerate', function () {
+
+    it('Should transcode a 60 FPS video', async function () {
+      this.timeout(60_000)
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: 'my super 30fps name for server 2',
+        description: 'my super 30fps description for server 2',
+        fixture: '60fps_720p_small.mp4'
+      }
+      await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+        const video = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: video.id })
+
+        expect(videoDetails.files).to.have.lengthOf(5)
+        expect(videoDetails.files[0].fps).to.be.above(58).and.below(62)
+        expect(videoDetails.files[1].fps).to.be.below(31)
+        expect(videoDetails.files[2].fps).to.be.below(31)
+        expect(videoDetails.files[3].fps).to.be.below(31)
+        expect(videoDetails.files[4].fps).to.be.below(31)
+
+        for (const resolution of [ 144, 240, 360, 480 ]) {
+          const file = videoDetails.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === resolution)
+          const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+          const fps = await getVideoStreamFPS(path)
+
+          expect(fps).to.be.below(31)
+        }
+
+        const file = videoDetails.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === 720)
+        const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+        const fps = await getVideoStreamFPS(path)
+
+        expect(fps).to.be.above(58).and.below(62)
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should downscale to the closest divisor standard framerate', async function () {
+      this.timeout(200_000)
+
+      let tempFixturePath: string
+
+      {
+        tempFixturePath = await generateVideoWithFramerate(59)
+
+        const fps = await getVideoStreamFPS(tempFixturePath)
+        expect(fps).to.be.equal(59)
+      }
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: '59fps video',
+        description: '59fps video',
+        fixture: tempFixturePath
+      }
+
+      await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+        const { id } = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+        const video = await server.videos.get({ id })
+
+        {
+          const file = video.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === 240)
+          const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+          const fps = await getVideoStreamFPS(path)
+          expect(fps).to.be.equal(25)
+        }
+
+        {
+          const file = video.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === 720)
+          const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+          const fps = await getVideoStreamFPS(path)
+          expect(fps).to.be.equal(59)
+        }
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Bitrate control', function () {
+
+    it('Should respect maximum bitrate values', async function () {
+      this.timeout(160_000)
+
+      const tempFixturePath = await generateHighBitrateVideo()
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: 'high bitrate video',
+        description: 'high bitrate video',
+        fixture: tempFixturePath
+      }
+
+      await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const { data } = await server.videos.list()
+
+        const { id } = data.find(v => v.name === attributes.name)
+        const video = await server.videos.get({ id })
+
+        for (const resolution of [ 240, 360, 480, 720, 1080 ]) {
+          const file = video.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === resolution)
+          const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+
+          const bitrate = await getVideoStreamBitrate(path)
+          const fps = await getVideoStreamFPS(path)
+          const dataResolution = await getVideoStreamDimensionsInfo(path)
+
+          expect(resolution).to.equal(resolution)
+
+          const maxBitrate = getMaxBitrate({ ...dataResolution, fps })
+          expect(bitrate).to.be.below(maxBitrate)
+        }
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should not transcode to an higher bitrate than the original file but above our low limit', async function () {
+      this.timeout(160_000)
+
+      const newConfig = {
+        transcoding: {
+          enabled: true,
+          resolutions: {
+            '144p': true,
+            '240p': true,
+            '360p': true,
+            '480p': true,
+            '720p': true,
+            '1080p': true,
+            '1440p': true,
+            '2160p': true
+          },
+          webtorrent: { enabled: true },
+          hls: { enabled: true }
+        }
+      }
+      await servers[1].config.updateCustomSubConfig({ newConfig })
+
+      const attributes = {
+        name: 'low bitrate',
+        fixture: 'low-bitrate.mp4'
+      }
+
+      const { id } = await servers[1].videos.upload({ attributes })
+
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      const video = await servers[1].videos.get({ id })
+
+      const resolutions = [ 240, 360, 480, 720, 1080 ]
+      for (const r of resolutions) {
+        const file = video.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === r)
+
+        const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+        const bitrate = await getVideoStreamBitrate(path)
+
+        const inputBitrate = 60_000
+        const limit = getMinLimitBitrate({ fps: 10, ratio: 1, resolution: r })
+        let belowValue = Math.max(inputBitrate, limit)
+        belowValue += belowValue * 0.20 // Apply 20% margin because bitrate control is not very precise
+
+        expect(bitrate, `${path} not below ${limit}`).to.be.below(belowValue)
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('FFprobe', function () {
+
+    it('Should provide valid ffprobe data', async function () {
+      this.timeout(160_000)
+
+      const videoUUID = (await servers[1].videos.quickUpload({ name: 'ffprobe data' })).uuid
+      await waitJobs(servers)
+
+      {
+        const video = await servers[1].videos.get({ id: videoUUID })
+        const file = video.files.find(f => f.resolution.id === 240)
+        const path = servers[1].servers.buildWebTorrentFilePath(file.fileUrl)
+        const metadata = await buildFileMetadata(path)
+
+        // expected format properties
+        for (const p of [
+          'tags.encoder',
+          'format_long_name',
+          'size',
+          'bit_rate'
+        ]) {
+          expect(metadata.format).to.have.nested.property(p)
+        }
+
+        // expected stream properties
+        for (const p of [
+          'codec_long_name',
+          'profile',
+          'width',
+          'height',
+          'display_aspect_ratio',
+          'avg_frame_rate',
+          'pix_fmt'
+        ]) {
+          expect(metadata.streams[0]).to.have.nested.property(p)
+        }
+
+        expect(metadata).to.not.have.nested.property('format.filename')
+      }
+
+      for (const server of servers) {
+        const videoDetails = await server.videos.get({ id: videoUUID })
+
+        const videoFiles = getAllFiles(videoDetails)
+        expect(videoFiles).to.have.lengthOf(10)
+
+        for (const file of videoFiles) {
+          expect(file.metadata).to.be.undefined
+          expect(file.metadataUrl).to.exist
+          expect(file.metadataUrl).to.contain(servers[1].url)
+          expect(file.metadataUrl).to.contain(videoUUID)
+
+          const metadata = await server.videos.getFileMetadata({ url: file.metadataUrl })
+          expect(metadata).to.have.nested.property('format.size')
+        }
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('Should correctly detect if quick transcode is possible', async function () {
+      this.timeout(10_000)
+
+      expect(await canDoQuickTranscode(buildAbsoluteFixturePath('video_short.mp4'))).to.be.true
+      expect(await canDoQuickTranscode(buildAbsoluteFixturePath('video_short.webm'))).to.be.false
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Transcoding job queue', function () {
+
+    it('Should have the appropriate priorities for transcoding jobs', async function () {
+      const body = await servers[1].jobs.list({
+        start: 0,
+        count: 100,
+        sort: 'createdAt',
+        jobType: 'video-transcoding'
+      })
+
+      const jobs = body.data
+      const transcodingJobs = jobs.filter(j => j.data.videoUUID === video4k)
+
+      expect(transcodingJobs).to.have.lengthOf(16)
+
+      const hlsJobs = transcodingJobs.filter(j => j.data.type === 'new-resolution-to-hls')
+      const webtorrentJobs = transcodingJobs.filter(j => j.data.type === 'new-resolution-to-webtorrent')
+      const optimizeJobs = transcodingJobs.filter(j => j.data.type === 'optimize-to-webtorrent')
+
+      expect(hlsJobs).to.have.lengthOf(8)
+      expect(webtorrentJobs).to.have.lengthOf(7)
+      expect(optimizeJobs).to.have.lengthOf(1)
+
+      for (const j of optimizeJobs.concat(hlsJobs.concat(webtorrentJobs))) {
+        expect(j.priority).to.be.greaterThan(100)
+        expect(j.priority).to.be.lessThan(150)
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
+  after(async function () {
+    await cleanupTests(servers)
+  })
+})