X-Git-Url: https://git.immae.eu/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=bip39-standalone.html;h=0d1d24434a4fe0f770f722f0cf9aedcf12039db5;hb=8b095871e8ab14ec236ddb181ffdfe36e6636058;hp=45380a339fb1c8a600e536416a38e1c4b18602ff;hpb=20083ab9e9ae519400447fc97c3cd1b86ffcad57;p=perso%2FImmae%2FProjets%2FCryptomonnaies%2FBIP39.git

diff --git a/bip39-standalone.html b/bip39-standalone.html
index 45380a3..0d1d244 100644
--- a/bip39-standalone.html
+++ b/bip39-standalone.html
@@ -96,8 +96,15 @@
             .qr-image {
                 margin: 5px;
             }
-            .qr-hint {
+            .qr-hint,
+            .qr-warning {
                 padding: 2px;
+                max-width: 150px;
+            }
+            .more-info {
+                cursor: help;
+                border-bottom: 1px dashed #000;
+                text-decoration: none;
             }
         </style>
     </head>
@@ -169,7 +176,7 @@
                                     <div class="row">
                                         <label class="col-sm-3 control-label" data-translate>Word Count</label>
                                         <div class="word-count col-sm-3 form-control-static"></div>
-                                        <label class="col-sm-3 control-label" data-translate>Total Bits</label>
+                                        <label class="col-sm-3 control-label" data-translate><span class="more-info" data-translate-title title="Total bits of entropy may be less than indicated if any entropy event uses a weak source.">Total Bits</span></label>
                                         <div class="bits col-sm-3 form-control-static"></div>
                                     </div>
                                     <label class="col-sm-3 control-label" data-translate>Filtered Entropy</label>
@@ -179,9 +186,9 @@
                                     <label class="col-sm-3 control-label" data-translate>Mnemonic Length</label>
                                     <div class="col-sm-9">
                                         <select class="mnemonic-length form-control">
-                                            <option value="raw" data-translate>From entropy length (3 words per 32 bits)</option>
+                                            <option value="raw" selected data-translate>Use Raw Entropy (3 words per 32 bits)</option>
                                             <option value="12">12 <span data-translate>Words</span></option>
-                                            <option value="15" selected>15 <span data-translate>Words</option>
+                                            <option value="15">15 <span data-translate>Words</option>
                                             <option value="18">18 <span data-translate>Words</span></option>
                                             <option value="21">21 <span data-translate>Words</span></option>
                                             <option value="24">24 <span data-translate>Words</span></option>
@@ -320,7 +327,7 @@
                                     <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">
                                     </label>
                                     <div class="col-sm-10">
-                                        <p data-translate>The account extendend keys can be used for importing to most BIP44 compatible wallets, such as mycelium or electrum.</p>
+                                        <p data-translate>The account extended keys can be used for importing to most BIP44 compatible wallets, such as mycelium or electrum.</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
                                 <div class="form-group">
@@ -514,6 +521,14 @@
                             random enough for the needs of this tool.
                         </span>
                     </p>
+                    <p>
+                        <strong><span data-translate>Do not store entropy.</span></strong>
+                    </p>
+                    <p>
+                        <span data-translate>Storing entropy (such as keeping a deck of cards in a specific shuffled order) is unreliable compared to storing a mnemonic.</span>
+                        <span data-translate>Instead of storing entropy, store the mnemonic generated from the entropy.</span>
+                        <span data-translate-html><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography#Physical" target="_blank">Steganography</a> may be beneficial when storing the mnemonic.</span>
+                    </p>
                     <p>
                         <span data-translate-html>
                             The random mnemonic generator on this page uses a
@@ -526,6 +541,12 @@
                     <p>
                         <a href="https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=311000.msg3345309#msg3345309" target="_blank" data-translate>You are not a good source of entropy.</a>
                     </p>
+                    <h3 data-translate>License</h3>
+                    <p>
+                    <span data-translate-html>Please refer to <a href="https://github.com/iancoleman/bip39/blob/master/LICENSE" target="_blank">the software license</a> for more detail.
+                    </span>
+                    </p>
+                    <p data-translate>The software is provided "as is", without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement. In no event shall the authors or copyright holders be liable for any claim, damages or other liability, whether in an action of contract, tort or otherwise, arising from, out of or in connection with the software or the use or other dealings in the software.</p>
                 </div>
             </div>
 
@@ -614,9 +635,12 @@
         </div>
 
         <div class="qr-container hidden">
-            <div class="qr-hint bg-primary" data-translate>Click field to hide QR</div>
-            <div class="qr-hint bg-primary hidden" data-translate>Click field to show QR</div>
-            <div class="qr-image"></div>
+            <div class="qr-hint bg-primary hidden" data-translate>Click field to hide QR</div>
+            <div class="qr-hint bg-primary" data-translate>Click field to show QR</div>
+            <div class="qr-hider hidden">
+                <div class="qr-image"></div>
+                <div class="qr-warning bg-primary" data-translate>Caution: Scanner may keep history</div>
+            </div>
         </div>
 
         <div class="feedback-container">
@@ -631,13009 +655,35565 @@
                 <td class="privkey"><span data-show-qr></span></td>
             </tr>
         </script>
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-        <script>(function() {
-  'use strict';
+        <script>// From
+// https://raw.githubusercontent.com/inexorabletash/polyfill/a6bc6ced78160c994f76a909b6ff6bbbab3d43de/es6.js
+// Required for ethereumjs-utils.js when run in phantomjs-2.1.1
+// but is not required in any modern browsers.
+// For more information, see
+// https://www.bountysource.com/issues/38485709-error-rendering-plot-with-phantomjs
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// ECMAScript 2015 Polyfills
+//
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-  /**
-   * Extend an Object with another Object's properties.
-   *
-   * The source objects are specified as additional arguments.
-   *
-   * @param dst Object the object to extend.
-   *
-   * @return Object the final object.
-   */
-  var _extend = function(dst) {
-    var sources = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1);
-    for (var i=0; i<sources.length; ++i) {
-      var src = sources[i];
-      for (var p in src) {
-        if (src.hasOwnProperty(p)) dst[p] = src[p];
-      }
+(function (global) {
+  "use strict";
+
+  // Set this to always override native implementations, for testing
+  // the polyfill in browsers with partial/full ES2015 support.
+  var OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING = false;
+
+  var undefined = (void 0); // Paranoia
+
+  // Helpers
+
+  function strict(o) {
+    return o === global ? undefined : o;
+  }
+
+  function hook(o, p, f) {
+    var op = o[p];
+    console.assert(typeof op === 'function', 'Hooking a non-function');
+    o[p] = function() {
+      var o = strict(this);
+      var r = f.apply(o, arguments);
+      return r !== undefined ? r : op.apply(o, arguments);
+    };
+  }
+
+  function isSymbol(s) {
+    return (typeof s === 'symbol') || ('Symbol' in global && s instanceof global.Symbol);
+  }
+
+  function getPropertyDescriptor(target, name) {
+    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, name);
+    var proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(target);
+    while (!desc && proto) {
+      desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(proto, name);
+      proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(proto);
     }
-    return dst;
-  };
+    return desc;
+  }
 
+  var enqueue = (function(nativePromise, nativeSetImmediate) {
+    if (nativePromise)
+      return function(job) { nativePromise.resolve().then(function() { job(); }); };
+    if (nativeSetImmediate)
+      return function(job) { nativeSetImmediate(job); };
+    return function(job) { setTimeout(job, 0); };
+  }(global['Promise'], global['setImmediate']));
 
-  /**
-   * Defer execution of given function.
-   * @param  {Function} func
-   */
-  var _defer = function(func) {
-    if (typeof setImmediate === 'function') {
-      return setImmediate(func);
+  function define(o, p, v, override) {
+    if (p in o && !override && !OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING)
+      return;
+
+    if (typeof v === 'function') {
+      // Sanity check that functions are appropriately named (where possible)
+      console.assert(isSymbol(p) || !('name' in v) || v.name === p || v.name === p + '_', 'Expected function name "' + p.toString() + '", was "' + v.name + '"');
+      Object.defineProperty(o, p, {
+        value: v,
+        configurable: true,
+        enumerable: false,
+        writable: true
+      });
     } else {
-      return setTimeout(func, 0);
+      Object.defineProperty(o, p, {
+        value: v,
+        configurable: false,
+        enumerable: false,
+        writable: false
+      });
     }
-  };
+  }
 
-  /**
-   * Based on the algorithm at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance.
-   */
-  var Levenshtein = {
-    /**
-     * Calculate levenshtein distance of the two strings.
-     *
-     * @param str1 String the first string.
-     * @param str2 String the second string.
-     * @return Integer the levenshtein distance (0 and above).
-     */
-    get: function(str1, str2) {
-      // base cases
-      if (str1 === str2) return 0;
-      if (str1.length === 0) return str2.length;
-      if (str2.length === 0) return str1.length;
+  function set_internal(o, p, v) {
+    Object.defineProperty(o, p, {
+      value: v,
+      configurable: false,
+      enumerable: false,
+      writable: true
+    });
+  }
 
-      // two rows
-      var prevRow  = new Array(str2.length + 1),
-          curCol, nextCol, i, j, tmp;
+  // Snapshot intrinsic functions
+  var $isNaN = global.isNaN,
+      $parseInt = global.parseInt,
+      $parseFloat = global.parseFloat;
+
+  var E = Math.E,
+      LOG10E = Math.LOG10E,
+      LOG2E = Math.LOG2E,
+      abs = Math.abs,
+      ceil = Math.ceil,
+      exp = Math.exp,
+      floor = Math.floor,
+      log = Math.log,
+      max = Math.max,
+      min = Math.min,
+      pow = Math.pow,
+      random = Math.random,
+      sqrt = Math.sqrt;
+
+  var orig_match = String.prototype.match,
+      orig_replace = String.prototype.replace,
+      orig_search = String.prototype.search,
+      orig_split = String.prototype.split;
+
+  // These are used for implementing the polyfills, but not exported.
+
+  // Inspired by https://gist.github.com/1638059
+  /** @constructor */
+  function EphemeronTable() {
+    var secretKey = ObjectCreate(null);
+
+    function conceal(o) {
+      var oValueOf = o.valueOf, secrets = ObjectCreate(null);
+      Object.defineProperty(o, 'valueOf', {
+          value: (function(secretKey) {
+            return function (k) {
+              return (k === secretKey) ? secrets : oValueOf.apply(o, arguments);
+            };
+          }(secretKey)),
+        configurable: true,
+        writeable: true,
+        enumerable: false
+        });
+      return secrets;
+    }
 
-      // initialise previous row
-      for (i=0; i<prevRow.length; ++i) {
-        prevRow[i] = i;
+    function reveal(o) {
+      var v = typeof o.valueOf === 'function' && o.valueOf(secretKey);
+      return v === o ? null : v;
+    }
+
+    return {
+      clear: function() {
+        secretKey = ObjectCreate(null);
+      },
+      remove: function(key) {
+        var secrets = reveal(key);
+        if (secrets && HasOwnProperty(secrets, 'value')) {
+          delete secrets.value;
+          return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+      },
+      get: function(key, defaultValue) {
+        var secrets = reveal(key);
+        return (secrets && HasOwnProperty(secrets, 'value')) ? secrets.value : defaultValue;
+      },
+      has: function(key) {
+        var secrets = reveal(key);
+        return Boolean(secrets && HasOwnProperty(secrets, 'value'));
+      },
+      set: function(key, value) {
+        var secrets = reveal(key) || conceal(key);
+        secrets.value = value;
       }
+    };
+  }
 
-      // calculate current row distance from previous row
-      for (i=0; i<str1.length; ++i) {
-        nextCol = i + 1;
+  var empty = Object.create(null);
 
-        for (j=0; j<str2.length; ++j) {
-          curCol = nextCol;
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  //
+  // ECMAScript 2015
+  // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/
+  //
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-          // substution
-          nextCol = prevRow[j] + ( (str1.charAt(i) === str2.charAt(j)) ? 0 : 1 );
-          // insertion
-          tmp = curCol + 1;
-          if (nextCol > tmp) {
-            nextCol = tmp;
-          }
-          // deletion
-          tmp = prevRow[j + 1] + 1;
-          if (nextCol > tmp) {
-            nextCol = tmp;
-          }
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 19.4 Symbol Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
 
-          // copy current col value into previous (in preparation for next iteration)
-          prevRow[j] = curCol;
-        }
+  // NOTE: Symbols are defined here - out of spec order - since we need the
+  // properties and prototype to be populated for other polyfills.
 
-        // copy last col value into previous (in preparation for next iteration)
-        prevRow[j] = nextCol;
-      }
+  // NOTE: Not secure, nor is obj[$$symbol] hidden from Object.keys()
 
-      return nextCol;
-    },
+  var symbolForKey;
+  (function() {
+    var secret = Object.create(null);
+    var symbolMap = {};
+    symbolForKey = function(k) {
+      return symbolMap[k];
+    };
 
-    /**
-     * Asynchronously calculate levenshtein distance of the two strings.
-     *
-     * @param str1 String the first string.
-     * @param str2 String the second string.
-     * @param cb Function callback function with signature: function(Error err, int distance)
-     * @param [options] Object additional options.
-     * @param [options.progress] Function progress callback with signature: function(percentComplete)
-     */
-    getAsync: function(str1, str2, cb, options) {
-      options = _extend({}, {
-        progress: null
-      }, options);
+    var GlobalSymbolRegistry = [];
 
-      // base cases
-      if (str1 === str2) return cb(null, 0);
-      if (str1.length === 0) return cb(null, str2.length);
-      if (str2.length === 0) return cb(null, str1.length);
+    function unique(bits) {
+      return Array(bits + 1).join('x').replace(/x/g, function() {
+        return random() < 0.5 ? '\u200C' : '\u200D'; // JWNJ / ZWJ
+      });
+    }
 
-      // two rows
-      var prevRow  = new Array(str2.length + 1),
-          curCol, nextCol,
-          i, j, tmp,
-          startTime, currentTime;
+    // 19.4.1 The Symbol Constructor
+    // 19.4.1.1 Symbol ( description=undefined )
+    function Symbol(description) {
+      if (!(this instanceof Symbol)) return new Symbol(description, secret);
+      if (this instanceof Symbol && arguments[1] !== secret) throw TypeError();
 
-      // initialise previous row
-      for (i=0; i<prevRow.length; ++i) {
-        prevRow[i] = i;
+      var descString = description === undefined ? undefined : String(description);
+
+      set_internal(this, '[[SymbolData]]', unique(128));
+      set_internal(this, '[[Description]]', descString);
+
+      symbolMap[this] = this;
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    if (!('Symbol' in global) || OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING)
+      global.Symbol = Symbol;
+
+    // 19.4.2 Properties of the Symbol Constructor
+
+    // 19.4.2.1 Symbol.for (key)
+    define(Symbol, 'for', function for_(key) {
+      var stringKey = String(key);
+      for (var i = 0; i < GlobalSymbolRegistry.length; ++i) {
+        var e = GlobalSymbolRegistry[i];
+        if (SameValue(e['[[key]]'], stringKey)) return e['[[symbol]]'];
       }
+      var newSymbol = Symbol(key);
+      GlobalSymbolRegistry.push({'[[key]]': stringKey, '[[symbol]]': newSymbol});
+      return newSymbol;
+    });
 
-      nextCol = 1;
-      i = 0;
-      j = -1;
+    // 19.4.2.2 Symbol.hasInstance
+    // 19.4.2.3 Symbol.isConcatSpreadable
 
-      var __calculate = function() {
-        // reset timer
-        startTime = new Date().valueOf();
-        currentTime = startTime;
+    // 19.4.2.4 Symbol.iterator
+    define(global.Symbol, 'iterator', global.Symbol('Symbol.iterator'));
 
-        // keep going until one second has elapsed
-        while (currentTime - startTime < 1000) {
-          // reached end of current row?
-          if (str2.length <= (++j)) {
-            // copy current into previous (in preparation for next iteration)
-            prevRow[j] = nextCol;
+    // 19.4.2.5 Symbol.keyFor (sym)
+    define(Symbol, 'keyFor', function keyFor(sym) {
+      if (!(sym instanceof Symbol)) throw TypeError();
+      for (var i = 0; i < GlobalSymbolRegistry.length; ++i) {
+        var e = GlobalSymbolRegistry[i];
+        if (SameValue(e['[[symbol]]'], sym)) return e['[[key]]'];
+      }
+      return undefined;
+    });
 
-            // if already done all chars
-            if (str1.length <= (++i)) {
-              return cb(null, nextCol);
-            }
-            // else if we have more left to do
-            else {
-              nextCol = i + 1;
-              j = 0;
-            }
-          }
+    // 19.4.2.6 Symbol.match
+    define(global.Symbol, 'match', global.Symbol('Symbol.match'));
 
-          // calculation
-          curCol = nextCol;
+    // 19.4.2.7 Symbol.prototype
 
-          // substution
-          nextCol = prevRow[j] + ( (str1.charAt(i) === str2.charAt(j)) ? 0 : 1 );
-          // insertion
-          tmp = curCol + 1;
-          if (nextCol > tmp) {
-            nextCol = tmp;
-          }
-          // deletion
-          tmp = prevRow[j + 1] + 1;
-          if (nextCol > tmp) {
-            nextCol = tmp;
-          }
+    // 19.4.2.8 Symbol.replace
+    define(global.Symbol, 'replace', global.Symbol('Symbol.replace'));
 
-          // copy current into previous (in preparation for next iteration)
-          prevRow[j] = curCol;
+    // 19.4.2.9 Symbol.search
+    define(global.Symbol, 'search', global.Symbol('Symbol.search'));
 
-          // get current time
-          currentTime = new Date().valueOf();
-        }
+    // 19.4.2.10 Symbol.species
 
-        // send a progress update?
-        if (null !== options.progress) {
-          try {
-            options.progress.call(null, (i * 100.0/ str1.length));
-          } catch (err) {
-            return cb('Progress callback: ' + err.toString());
-          }
-        }
+    // 19.4.2.11 Symbol.search
+    define(global.Symbol, 'split', global.Symbol('Symbol.split'));
 
-        // next iteration
-        _defer(__calculate);
-      };
+    // 19.4.2.12 Symbol.toPrimitive
 
-      __calculate();
-    }
+    // 19.4.2.13 Symbol.toStringTag
+    define(global.Symbol, 'toStringTag', global.Symbol('Symbol.toStringTag'));
 
-  };
+    // 19.4.2.14 Symbol.unscopables
 
-  // amd
-  if (typeof define !== "undefined" && define !== null && define.amd) {
-    define(function() {
-      return Levenshtein;
-    });
-  }
-  // commonjs
-  else if (typeof module !== "undefined" && module !== null && typeof exports !== "undefined" && module.exports === exports) {
-    module.exports = Levenshtein;
-  }
-  // web worker
-  else if (typeof self !== "undefined" && typeof self.postMessage === 'function' && typeof self.importScripts === 'function') {
-    self.Levenshtein = Levenshtein;
-  }
-  // browser main thread
-  else if (typeof window !== "undefined" && window !== null) {
-    window.Levenshtein = Levenshtein;
+    // 19.4.3 Properties of the Symbol Prototype Object
+    // 19.4.3.1 Symbol.prototype.constructor
+
+    // 19.4.3.2 Symbol.prototype.toString ( )
+    Object.defineProperty(Symbol.prototype, 'toString', {
+      value: function toString() {
+        var s = strict(this);
+        var desc = s['[[Description]]'];
+        return 'Symbol(' + (desc === undefined ? '' : desc) + s['[[SymbolData]]'] + ')';
+      },
+      configurable: true, writeable: true, enumerable: false });
+
+    // 19.4.3.3 Symbol.prototype.valueOf ( )
+    Object.defineProperty(Symbol.prototype, 'valueOf', {
+      value: function valueOf() {
+        // To prevent automatic string conversion:
+        throw TypeError();
+
+        // Spec has approximately the following:
+        //var s = strict(this);
+        //if (Type(s) === 'symbol') return s;
+        //if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        //if (!('[[SymbolData]]' in s)) throw TypeError();
+        //return s['[[SymbolData]]'];
+      },
+      configurable: true, writeable: true, enumerable: false });
+
+    // 19.4.3.4 Symbol.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+    // (Done later to polyfill partial implementations)
+
+    // 19.4.4 Properties of Symbol Instances
+  }());
+
+  console.assert(typeof global.Symbol() === 'symbol' || symbolForKey(String(global.Symbol('x'))));
+
+  // Defined here so that other prototypes can reference it
+  // 25.1.2 The %IteratorPrototype% Object
+  var $IteratorPrototype$ = {};
+
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 6 ECMAScript Data Types and Values
+  //----------------------------------------
+
+  // 6.1 ECMAScript Language Types
+
+  // "Type(x)" is used as shorthand for "the type of x"...
+  function Type(v) {
+    switch (typeof v) {
+    case 'undefined': return 'undefined';
+    case 'boolean': return 'boolean';
+    case 'number': return 'number';
+    case 'string': return 'string';
+    case 'symbol': return 'symbol';
+    default:
+      if (v === null) return 'null';
+      if (v instanceof global.Symbol) return 'symbol';
+      return 'object';
+    }
   }
-}());
 
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-function BigInteger(a, b, c) {
-  if (!(this instanceof BigInteger))
-    return new BigInteger(a, b, c)
+  // 6.1.5.1 Well-Known Symbols
+  var $$iterator = global.Symbol.iterator,
+      $$match = global.Symbol.match,
+      $$replace = global.Symbol.replace,
+      $$search = global.Symbol.search,
+      $$split = global.Symbol.split,
+      $$toStringTag = global.Symbol.toStringTag;
 
-  if (a != null) {
-    if ("number" == typeof a) this.fromNumber(a, b, c)
-    else if (b == null && "string" != typeof a) this.fromString(a, 256)
-    else this.fromString(a, b)
-  }
-}
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 7 Abstract Operations
+  //----------------------------------------
 
-var proto = BigInteger.prototype
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 7.1 Type Conversion
+  //----------------------------------------
 
-// duck-typed isBigInteger
-proto.__bigi = require('../package.json').version
-BigInteger.isBigInteger = function (obj, check_ver) {
-  return obj && obj.__bigi && (!check_ver || obj.__bigi === proto.__bigi)
-}
+  // 7.1.1 ToPrimitive ( input [, PreferredType] )
+  // just use valueOf()
 
-// Bits per digit
-var dbits
+  // 7.1.2 ToBoolean ( argument )
+  // just use Boolean()
 
-// am: Compute w_j += (x*this_i), propagate carries,
-// c is initial carry, returns final carry.
-// c < 3*dvalue, x < 2*dvalue, this_i < dvalue
-// We need to select the fastest one that works in this environment.
+  // 7.1.3 ToNumber ( argument )
+  // just use Number()
 
-// am1: use a single mult and divide to get the high bits,
-// max digit bits should be 26 because
-// max internal value = 2*dvalue^2-2*dvalue (< 2^53)
-function am1(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
-  while (--n >= 0) {
-    var v = x * this[i++] + w[j] + c
-    c = Math.floor(v / 0x4000000)
-    w[j++] = v & 0x3ffffff
+  // 7.1.4 ToInteger ( argument )
+  function ToInteger(n) {
+    n = Number(n);
+    if ($isNaN(n)) return 0;
+    if (n === 0 || n === Infinity || n === -Infinity) return n;
+    return ((n < 0) ? -1 : 1) * floor(abs(n));
   }
-  return c
-}
-// am2 avoids a big mult-and-extract completely.
-// Max digit bits should be <= 30 because we do bitwise ops
-// on values up to 2*hdvalue^2-hdvalue-1 (< 2^31)
-function am2(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
-  var xl = x & 0x7fff,
-    xh = x >> 15
-  while (--n >= 0) {
-    var l = this[i] & 0x7fff
-    var h = this[i++] >> 15
-    var m = xh * l + h * xl
-    l = xl * l + ((m & 0x7fff) << 15) + w[j] + (c & 0x3fffffff)
-    c = (l >>> 30) + (m >>> 15) + xh * h + (c >>> 30)
-    w[j++] = l & 0x3fffffff
+
+  // 7.1.5 ToInt32 ( argument )
+  function ToInt32(v) { return v >> 0; }
+
+  // 7.1.6 ToUint32 ( argument )
+  function ToUint32(v) { return v >>> 0; }
+
+  // 7.1.7 ToInt16 ( argument )
+  function ToInt16(v) { return (v << 16) >> 16; }
+
+  // 7.1.8 ToUint16 ( argument )
+  function ToUint16(v) { return v & 0xFFFF; }
+
+  // 7.1.9 ToInt8 ( argument )
+  function ToInt8(v) { return (v << 24) >> 24; }
+
+  // 7.1.10 ToUint8 ( argument )
+  function ToUint8(v) { return v & 0xFF; }
+
+  // 7.1.11 ToUint8Clamp ( argument )
+  function ToUint8Clamp(argument) {
+    var number = Number(argument);
+    if ($isNaN(number)) return 0;
+    if (number <= 0) return 0;
+    if (number >= 255) return 255;
+    var f = floor(number);
+    if ((f + 0.5) < number) return f + 1;
+    if (number < (f + 0.5)) return f;
+    if (f % 2) return f + 1;
+    return f;
   }
-  return c
-}
-// Alternately, set max digit bits to 28 since some
-// browsers slow down when dealing with 32-bit numbers.
-function am3(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
-  var xl = x & 0x3fff,
-    xh = x >> 14
-  while (--n >= 0) {
-    var l = this[i] & 0x3fff
-    var h = this[i++] >> 14
-    var m = xh * l + h * xl
-    l = xl * l + ((m & 0x3fff) << 14) + w[j] + c
-    c = (l >> 28) + (m >> 14) + xh * h
-    w[j++] = l & 0xfffffff
+
+  // 7.1.12 ToString ( argument )
+  // just use String()
+
+  // 7.1.13 ToObject ( argument )
+  function ToObject(v) {
+    if (v === null || v === undefined) throw TypeError();
+    return Object(v);
   }
-  return c
-}
 
-// wtf?
-BigInteger.prototype.am = am1
-dbits = 26
+  // 7.1.14 ToPropertyKey ( argument )
+  function ToPropertyKey(v) {
+    return String(v);
+  }
 
-BigInteger.prototype.DB = dbits
-BigInteger.prototype.DM = ((1 << dbits) - 1)
-var DV = BigInteger.prototype.DV = (1 << dbits)
+  // 7.1.15 ToLength ( argument )
+  function ToLength(v) {
+    var len = ToInteger(v);
+    if (len <= 0) return 0;
+    if (len === Infinity) return 0x20000000000000 - 1; // 2^53-1
+    return min(len, 0x20000000000000 - 1); // 2^53-1
+  }
 
-var BI_FP = 52
-BigInteger.prototype.FV = Math.pow(2, BI_FP)
-BigInteger.prototype.F1 = BI_FP - dbits
-BigInteger.prototype.F2 = 2 * dbits - BI_FP
+  // 7.1.16 CanonicalNumericIndexString ( argument )
 
-// Digit conversions
-var BI_RM = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
-var BI_RC = new Array()
-var rr, vv
-rr = "0".charCodeAt(0)
-for (vv = 0; vv <= 9; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv
-rr = "a".charCodeAt(0)
-for (vv = 10; vv < 36; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv
-rr = "A".charCodeAt(0)
-for (vv = 10; vv < 36; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 7.2 Testing and Comparison Operations
+  //----------------------------------------
 
-function int2char(n) {
-  return BI_RM.charAt(n)
-}
+  // 7.2.1 RequireObjectCoercible ( argument )
+  // 7.2.2 IsArray ( argument )
 
-function intAt(s, i) {
-  var c = BI_RC[s.charCodeAt(i)]
-  return (c == null) ? -1 : c
-}
+  // 7.2.3 IsCallable ( argument )
+  function IsCallable(o) { return typeof o === 'function'; }
 
-// (protected) copy this to r
-function bnpCopyTo(r) {
-  for (var i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = this[i]
-  r.t = this.t
-  r.s = this.s
-}
+  // 7.2.4 IsConstructor ( argument )
+  function IsConstructor(o) {
+    // Hacks for Safari 7 TypedArray XXXConstructor objects
+    if (/Constructor/.test(Object.prototype.toString.call(o))) return true;
+    if (/Function/.test(Object.prototype.toString.call(o))) return true;
+    // TODO: Can this be improved on?
+    return typeof o === 'function';
+  }
 
-// (protected) set from integer value x, -DV <= x < DV
-function bnpFromInt(x) {
-  this.t = 1
-  this.s = (x < 0) ? -1 : 0
-  if (x > 0) this[0] = x
-  else if (x < -1) this[0] = x + DV
-  else this.t = 0
-}
+  // 7.2.5 IsExtensible (O)
+  // 7.2.6 IsInteger ( argument )
 
-// return bigint initialized to value
-function nbv(i) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  r.fromInt(i)
-  return r
-}
+  // 7.2.7 IsPropertyKey ( argument )
+  function IsPropertyKey(argument) {
+    if (Type(argument) === 'string') return true;
+    if (Type(argument) === 'symbol') return true;
+    return false;
+  }
 
-// (protected) set from string and radix
-function bnpFromString(s, b) {
-  var self = this
+  // 7.2.8 IsRegExp ( argument )
+  // 7.2.5 IsConstructor ( argument )
 
-  var k
-  if (b == 16) k = 4
-  else if (b == 8) k = 3
-  else if (b == 256) k = 8; // byte array
-  else if (b == 2) k = 1
-  else if (b == 32) k = 5
-  else if (b == 4) k = 2
-  else {
-    self.fromRadix(s, b)
-    return
+  // 7.2.9 SameValue(x, y)
+  function SameValue(x, y) {
+    if (typeof x !== typeof y) return false;
+    switch (typeof x) {
+    case 'undefined':
+      return true;
+    case 'number':
+      if (x !== x && y !== y) return true;
+      if (x === 0 && y === 0) return 1/x === 1/y;
+      return x === y;
+    case 'boolean':
+    case 'string':
+    case 'object':
+    default:
+      return x === y;
+    }
   }
-  self.t = 0
-  self.s = 0
-  var i = s.length,
-    mi = false,
-    sh = 0
-  while (--i >= 0) {
-    var x = (k == 8) ? s[i] & 0xff : intAt(s, i)
-    if (x < 0) {
-      if (s.charAt(i) == "-") mi = true
-      continue
+
+  // 7.2.10 SameValueZero(x, y)
+  function SameValueZero(x, y) {
+    if (typeof x !== typeof y) return false;
+    switch (typeof x) {
+    case 'undefined':
+      return true;
+    case 'number':
+      if (x !== x && y !== y) return true;
+      return x === y;
+    case 'boolean':
+    case 'string':
+    case 'object':
+    default:
+      return x === y;
     }
-    mi = false
-    if (sh == 0)
-      self[self.t++] = x
-    else if (sh + k > self.DB) {
-      self[self.t - 1] |= (x & ((1 << (self.DB - sh)) - 1)) << sh
-      self[self.t++] = (x >> (self.DB - sh))
-    } else
-      self[self.t - 1] |= x << sh
-    sh += k
-    if (sh >= self.DB) sh -= self.DB
   }
-  if (k == 8 && (s[0] & 0x80) != 0) {
-    self.s = -1
-    if (sh > 0) self[self.t - 1] |= ((1 << (self.DB - sh)) - 1) << sh
+
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 7.3 Operations on Objects
+  //----------------------------------------
+
+  // 7.3.1 Get (O, P)
+  // - just use o.p or o[p]
+
+  // 7.3.2 GetV (V, P)
+  function GetV(v, p) {
+    var o = ToObject(v);
+    return o[p];
   }
-  self.clamp()
-  if (mi) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(self, self)
-}
 
-// (protected) clamp off excess high words
-function bnpClamp() {
-  var c = this.s & this.DM
-  while (this.t > 0 && this[this.t - 1] == c)--this.t
-}
+  // 7.3.3 Set (O, P, V, Throw)
+  // - just use o.p = v or o[p] = v
 
-// (public) return string representation in given radix
-function bnToString(b) {
-  var self = this
-  if (self.s < 0) return "-" + self.negate()
-    .toString(b)
-  var k
-  if (b == 16) k = 4
-  else if (b == 8) k = 3
-  else if (b == 2) k = 1
-  else if (b == 32) k = 5
-  else if (b == 4) k = 2
-  else return self.toRadix(b)
-  var km = (1 << k) - 1,
-    d, m = false,
-    r = "",
-    i = self.t
-  var p = self.DB - (i * self.DB) % k
-  if (i-- > 0) {
-    if (p < self.DB && (d = self[i] >> p) > 0) {
-      m = true
-      r = int2char(d)
-    }
-    while (i >= 0) {
-      if (p < k) {
-        d = (self[i] & ((1 << p) - 1)) << (k - p)
-        d |= self[--i] >> (p += self.DB - k)
-      } else {
-        d = (self[i] >> (p -= k)) & km
-        if (p <= 0) {
-          p += self.DB
-          --i
-        }
-      }
-      if (d > 0) m = true
-      if (m) r += int2char(d)
+
+
+
+  // 7.3.9 GetMethod (O, P)
+  function GetMethod(o, p) {
+    var func = GetV(o, p);
+    if (func === undefined || func === null) return undefined;
+    if (!IsCallable(func)) throw TypeError();
+    return func;
+  }
+
+  // 7.3.10 HasProperty (O, P)
+  function HasProperty(o, p) {
+    while (o) {
+      if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, p)) return true;
+      if (Type(o) !== 'object') return false;
+      o = Object.getPrototypeOf(o);
     }
+    return false;
   }
-  return m ? r : "0"
-}
 
-// (public) -this
-function bnNegate() {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(this, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 7.3.11 HasOwnProperty (O, P)
+  function HasOwnProperty(o, p) {
+    return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, p);
+  }
 
-// (public) |this|
-function bnAbs() {
-  return (this.s < 0) ? this.negate() : this
-}
-
-// (public) return + if this > a, - if this < a, 0 if equal
-function bnCompareTo(a) {
-  var r = this.s - a.s
-  if (r != 0) return r
-  var i = this.t
-  r = i - a.t
-  if (r != 0) return (this.s < 0) ? -r : r
-  while (--i >= 0)
-    if ((r = this[i] - a[i]) != 0) return r
-  return 0
-}
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 7.4 Operations on Iterator Objects
+  //----------------------------------------
 
-// returns bit length of the integer x
-function nbits(x) {
-  var r = 1,
-    t
-  if ((t = x >>> 16) != 0) {
-    x = t
-    r += 16
-  }
-  if ((t = x >> 8) != 0) {
-    x = t
-    r += 8
-  }
-  if ((t = x >> 4) != 0) {
-    x = t
-    r += 4
-  }
-  if ((t = x >> 2) != 0) {
-    x = t
-    r += 2
-  }
-  if ((t = x >> 1) != 0) {
-    x = t
-    r += 1
+  // 7.4.1 GetIterator ( obj, method )
+  function GetIterator(obj, method) {
+    if (arguments.length < 2)
+      method = GetMethod(obj, $$iterator);
+    var iterator = method.call(obj);
+    if (Type(iterator) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+    return iterator;
   }
-  return r
-}
-
-// (public) return the number of bits in "this"
-function bnBitLength() {
-  if (this.t <= 0) return 0
-  return this.DB * (this.t - 1) + nbits(this[this.t - 1] ^ (this.s & this.DM))
-}
-
-// (public) return the number of bytes in "this"
-function bnByteLength() {
-  return this.bitLength() >> 3
-}
-
-// (protected) r = this << n*DB
-function bnpDLShiftTo(n, r) {
-  var i
-  for (i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i + n] = this[i]
-  for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = 0
-  r.t = this.t + n
-  r.s = this.s
-}
-
-// (protected) r = this >> n*DB
-function bnpDRShiftTo(n, r) {
-  for (var i = n; i < this.t; ++i) r[i - n] = this[i]
-  r.t = Math.max(this.t - n, 0)
-  r.s = this.s
-}
 
-// (protected) r = this << n
-function bnpLShiftTo(n, r) {
-  var self = this
-  var bs = n % self.DB
-  var cbs = self.DB - bs
-  var bm = (1 << cbs) - 1
-  var ds = Math.floor(n / self.DB),
-    c = (self.s << bs) & self.DM,
-    i
-  for (i = self.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
-    r[i + ds + 1] = (self[i] >> cbs) | c
-    c = (self[i] & bm) << bs
+  // 7.4.2 IteratorNext ( iterator, value )
+  function IteratorNext(iterator, value) {
+    if (arguments.length < 2)
+      var result = iterator.next();
+    else
+      result = iterator.next(value);
+    if (Type(result) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+    return result;
   }
-  for (i = ds - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = 0
-  r[ds] = c
-  r.t = self.t + ds + 1
-  r.s = self.s
-  r.clamp()
-}
 
-// (protected) r = this >> n
-function bnpRShiftTo(n, r) {
-  var self = this
-  r.s = self.s
-  var ds = Math.floor(n / self.DB)
-  if (ds >= self.t) {
-    r.t = 0
-    return
-  }
-  var bs = n % self.DB
-  var cbs = self.DB - bs
-  var bm = (1 << bs) - 1
-  r[0] = self[ds] >> bs
-  for (var i = ds + 1; i < self.t; ++i) {
-    r[i - ds - 1] |= (self[i] & bm) << cbs
-    r[i - ds] = self[i] >> bs
+  // 7.4.3 IteratorComplete ( iterResult )
+  function IteratorComplete(iterResult) {
+    console.assert(Type(iterResult) === 'object');
+    return Boolean(iterResult.done);
   }
-  if (bs > 0) r[self.t - ds - 1] |= (self.s & bm) << cbs
-  r.t = self.t - ds
-  r.clamp()
-}
 
-// (protected) r = this - a
-function bnpSubTo(a, r) {
-  var self = this
-  var i = 0,
-    c = 0,
-    m = Math.min(a.t, self.t)
-  while (i < m) {
-    c += self[i] - a[i]
-    r[i++] = c & self.DM
-    c >>= self.DB
-  }
-  if (a.t < self.t) {
-    c -= a.s
-    while (i < self.t) {
-      c += self[i]
-      r[i++] = c & self.DM
-      c >>= self.DB
-    }
-    c += self.s
-  } else {
-    c += self.s
-    while (i < a.t) {
-      c -= a[i]
-      r[i++] = c & self.DM
-      c >>= self.DB
-    }
-    c -= a.s
+  // 7.4.4 IteratorValue ( iterResult )
+  function IteratorValue(iterResult) {
+    console.assert(Type(iterResult) === 'object');
+    return iterResult.value;
   }
-  r.s = (c < 0) ? -1 : 0
-  if (c < -1) r[i++] = self.DV + c
-  else if (c > 0) r[i++] = c
-  r.t = i
-  r.clamp()
-}
 
-// (protected) r = this * a, r != this,a (HAC 14.12)
-// "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
-function bnpMultiplyTo(a, r) {
-  var x = this.abs(),
-    y = a.abs()
-  var i = x.t
-  r.t = i + y.t
-  while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0
-  for (i = 0; i < y.t; ++i) r[i + x.t] = x.am(0, y[i], r, i, 0, x.t)
-  r.s = 0
-  r.clamp()
-  if (this.s != a.s) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(r, r)
-}
+  // 7.4.5 IteratorStep ( iterator )
+  function IteratorStep( iterator, value ) {
+    var result = IteratorNext(iterator, value);
+    var done = result['done'];
+    if (Boolean(done) === true) return false;
+    return result;
+  }
 
-// (protected) r = this^2, r != this (HAC 14.16)
-function bnpSquareTo(r) {
-  var x = this.abs()
-  var i = r.t = 2 * x.t
-  while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0
-  for (i = 0; i < x.t - 1; ++i) {
-    var c = x.am(i, x[i], r, 2 * i, 0, 1)
-    if ((r[i + x.t] += x.am(i + 1, 2 * x[i], r, 2 * i + 1, c, x.t - i - 1)) >= x.DV) {
-      r[i + x.t] -= x.DV
-      r[i + x.t + 1] = 1
+  // 7.4.6 IteratorClose( iterator, completion )
+  function IteratorClose( iterator, completion ) {
+    console.assert(Type(iterator) === 'object');
+    var _return = GetMethod(iterator, 'return');
+    if (_return === undefined) return completion;
+    try {
+      var innerResult = _return[iterator]();
+    } catch (result) {
+      // TODO: If completion.[[type]] is throw, return completion
+      return result;
+    }
+    if (Type(innerResult) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+    return completion;
+  }
+
+  // 7.4.7 CreateIterResultObject (value, done)
+  function CreateIterResultObject(value, done) {
+    console.assert(Type(done) === 'boolean');
+    var obj = {};
+    obj["value"] = value;
+    obj["done"] = done;
+    return obj;
+  }
+
+  // 7.4.8 CreateListIterator (list)
+  // 7.4.8.1 ListIterator next( )
+  // 7.4.9 CreateCompoundIterator ( iterator1, iterator2 )
+  // 7.4.9.1 CompoundIterator next( )
+
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 8 Executable Code and Execution Contexts
+  //----------------------------------------
+
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 8.4 Jobs and Job Queues
+  //----------------------------------------
+
+  // 8.4.1 EnqueueJob ( queueName, job, arguments)
+  function EnqueueJob(queueName, job, args) {
+    var fn = function() { job.apply(undefined, args); };
+    enqueue(fn);
+  }
+
+  // 8.4.2 NextJob result
+  function NextJob(result) {
+    // no-op
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------
+  // 9 Ordinary and Exotic Objects Behaviors
+  //----------------------------------------
+
+  // 9.1.11 [[Enumerate]] ()
+  function Enumerate(obj) {
+    var e = [];
+    if (Object(obj) !== obj) return e;
+    var visited = new Set;
+    while (obj !== null) {
+      Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).forEach(function(name) {
+        if (!visited.has(name)) {
+          var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, name);
+          if (desc) {
+            visited.add(name);
+            if (desc.enumerable) e.push(name);
+          }
+        }
+      });
+      obj = Object.getPrototypeOf(obj);
     }
+    return e[$$iterator]();
   }
-  if (r.t > 0) r[r.t - 1] += x.am(i, x[i], r, 2 * i, 0, 1)
-  r.s = 0
-  r.clamp()
-}
 
-// (protected) divide this by m, quotient and remainder to q, r (HAC 14.20)
-// r != q, this != m.  q or r may be null.
-function bnpDivRemTo(m, q, r) {
-  var self = this
-  var pm = m.abs()
-  if (pm.t <= 0) return
-  var pt = self.abs()
-  if (pt.t < pm.t) {
-    if (q != null) q.fromInt(0)
-    if (r != null) self.copyTo(r)
-    return
-  }
-  if (r == null) r = new BigInteger()
-  var y = new BigInteger(),
-    ts = self.s,
-    ms = m.s
-  var nsh = self.DB - nbits(pm[pm.t - 1]); // normalize modulus
-  if (nsh > 0) {
-    pm.lShiftTo(nsh, y)
-    pt.lShiftTo(nsh, r)
-  } else {
-    pm.copyTo(y)
-    pt.copyTo(r)
-  }
-  var ys = y.t
-  var y0 = y[ys - 1]
-  if (y0 == 0) return
-  var yt = y0 * (1 << self.F1) + ((ys > 1) ? y[ys - 2] >> self.F2 : 0)
-  var d1 = self.FV / yt,
-    d2 = (1 << self.F1) / yt,
-    e = 1 << self.F2
-  var i = r.t,
-    j = i - ys,
-    t = (q == null) ? new BigInteger() : q
-  y.dlShiftTo(j, t)
-  if (r.compareTo(t) >= 0) {
-    r[r.t++] = 1
-    r.subTo(t, r)
+  // 9.1.12 [[OwnPropertyKeys]] ( )
+  function OwnPropertyKeys(o) {
+    return Object.getOwnPropertyNames(o);
   }
-  BigInteger.ONE.dlShiftTo(ys, t)
-  t.subTo(y, y); // "negative" y so we can replace sub with am later
-  while (y.t < ys) y[y.t++] = 0
-  while (--j >= 0) {
-    // Estimate quotient digit
-    var qd = (r[--i] == y0) ? self.DM : Math.floor(r[i] * d1 + (r[i - 1] + e) * d2)
-    if ((r[i] += y.am(0, qd, r, j, 0, ys)) < qd) { // Try it out
-      y.dlShiftTo(j, t)
-      r.subTo(t, r)
-      while (r[i] < --qd) r.subTo(t, r)
-    }
-  }
-  if (q != null) {
-    r.drShiftTo(ys, q)
-    if (ts != ms) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(q, q)
+
+  // 9.1.13 ObjectCreate(proto, internalSlotsList)
+  function ObjectCreate(proto, internalSlotsList) {
+    return Object.create(proto, internalSlotsList);
   }
-  r.t = ys
-  r.clamp()
-  if (nsh > 0) r.rShiftTo(nsh, r); // Denormalize remainder
-  if (ts < 0) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(r, r)
-}
 
-// (public) this mod a
-function bnMod(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.abs()
-    .divRemTo(a, null, r)
-  if (this.s < 0 && r.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) a.subTo(r, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 19 Fundamental Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
 
-// Modular reduction using "classic" algorithm
-function Classic(m) {
-  this.m = m
-}
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 19.1 Object Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
 
-function cConvert(x) {
-  if (x.s < 0 || x.compareTo(this.m) >= 0) return x.mod(this.m)
-  else return x
-}
+  // 19.1.1 The Object Constructor
+  // 19.1.1.1 Object ( [ value ] )
+  // 19.1.2 Properties of the Object Constructor
+  // 19.1.2.1 Object.assign ( target, ...sources )
+  define(
+    Object, 'assign',
+    function assign(target, /*...*/sources) {
+      var to = ToObject(target);
+      if (arguments.length < 2) return to;
 
-function cRevert(x) {
-  return x
-}
+      var sourcesIndex = 1;
+      while (sourcesIndex < arguments.length) {
+        var nextSource = arguments[sourcesIndex++];
+        if (nextSource === undefined || nextSource === null) {
+          var keys = [];
+        } else {
+          var from = ToObject(nextSource);
+          keys = OwnPropertyKeys(from);
+        }
+        for (var keysIndex = 0; keysIndex < keys.length; ++keysIndex) {
+          var nextKey = keys[keysIndex];
+          var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(from, nextKey);
+          if (desc !== undefined && desc.enumerable) {
+            var propValue = from[nextKey];
+            to[nextKey] = propValue;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      return to;
+    });
 
-function cReduce(x) {
-  x.divRemTo(this.m, null, x)
-}
+  // 19.1.2.2 Object.create ( O [ , Properties ] )
+  // 19.1.2.3 Object.defineProperties ( O, Properties )
+  // 19.1.2.4 Object.defineProperty ( O, P, Attributes )
+  // 19.1.2.5 Object.freeze ( O )
+  // 19.1.2.6 Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor ( O, P )
+
+  (function() {
+    var nativeSymbols = (typeof global.Symbol() === 'symbol'),
+        $getOwnPropertyNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames,
+        $keys = Object.keys,
+        $window_names = (typeof window === 'object' ? $getOwnPropertyNames(window) : []);
+
+    function isStringKey(k) { return !symbolForKey(k); }
+
+    // 19.1.2.7 Object.getOwnPropertyNames ( O )
+    define(
+      Object, 'getOwnPropertyNames',
+      function getOwnPropertyNames(o) {
+        if (Object.prototype.toString.call(o) === '[object Window]') {
+          // Workaround for cross-realm calling by IE itself.
+          // https://github.com/inexorabletash/polyfill/issues/96
+          try {
+            return $getOwnPropertyNames(o).filter(isStringKey);
+          } catch (_) {
+            return $window_names.slice();
+          }
+        }
+        return $getOwnPropertyNames(o).filter(isStringKey);
+      }, !nativeSymbols);
+
+    // 19.1.2.8 Object.getOwnPropertySymbols ( O )
+    define(
+      Object, 'getOwnPropertySymbols',
+      function getOwnPropertySymbols(o) {
+        return $getOwnPropertyNames(o).filter(symbolForKey).map(symbolForKey);
+      }, !nativeSymbols);
+
+    // 19.1.2.14 Object.keys ( O )
+    define(
+      Object, 'keys',
+      function keys(o) {
+        return $keys(o).filter(isStringKey);
+      }, !nativeSymbols);
+  }());
+
+  // 19.1.2.9 Object.getPrototypeOf ( O )
+  // 19.1.2.10 Object.is ( value1, value2 )
+  define(
+    Object, 'is',
+    function is(value1, value2) {
+      return SameValue(value1, value2);
+    });
 
-function cMulTo(x, y, r) {
-  x.multiplyTo(y, r)
-  this.reduce(r)
-}
+  // 19.1.2.11 Object.isExtensible ( O )
+  // 19.1.2.12 Object.isFrozen ( O )
+  // 19.1.2.13 Object.isSealed ( O )
+
+  // 19.1.2.14 Object.keys ( O )
+  // see above
+
+  // 19.1.2.15 Object.preventExtensions ( O )
+  // 19.1.2.16 Object.prototype
+  // 19.1.2.17 Object.seal ( O )
+
+  // 19.1.2.18 Object.setPrototypeOf ( O, proto )
+  define(
+    Object, 'setPrototypeOf',
+    function setPrototypeOf(o, proto) {
+      if (Type(o) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+      if (Type(proto) !== 'object' && Type(proto) !== 'null') throw TypeError();
+      o.__proto__ = proto;
+      return o;
+    }
+  );
+
+  // 19.1.3 Properties of the Object Prototype Object
+  // 19.1.3.1 Object.prototype.constructor
+  // 19.1.3.2 Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty ( V )
+  // 19.1.3.3 Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf ( V )
+  // 19.1.3.4 Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable ( V )
+  // 19.1.3.5 Object.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )
+  // 19.1.3.6 Object.prototype.toString ( )
+  hook(Object.prototype, 'toString',
+       function() {
+         var o = strict(this);
+         if (o === Object(o) && $$toStringTag in o) {
+           return '[object ' + o[$$toStringTag] + ']';
+         }
+         return undefined;
+       });
+
+  // 19.1.3.7 Object.prototype.valueOf ( )
+  // 19.1.4 Properties of Object Instances
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 19.2 Function Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 19.2.1 The Function Constructor
+  // 19.2.1.1 Function ( p1, p2, … , pn, body )
+  // 19.2.2 Properties of the Function Constructor
+  // 19.2.2.1 Function.length
+  // 19.2.2.2 Function.prototype
+  // 19.2.3 Properties of the Function Prototype Object
+  // 19.2.3.1 Function.prototype.apply ( thisArg, argArray )
+  // 19.2.3.2 Function.prototype.bind ( thisArg , ...args)
+  // 19.2.3.3 Function.prototype.call (thisArg , ...args)
+  // 19.2.3.4 Function.prototype.constructor
+  // 19.2.3.5 Function.prototype.toString ( )
+  // 19.2.3.6 Function.prototype[@@hasInstance] ( V )
+  // 19.2.4 Function Instances
+  // 19.2.4.1 length
+  // 19.2.4.2 name
+  // 19.2.4.3 prototype
+
+  // (No polyfillable changes from ES5)
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 19.3 Boolean Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 19.3.1 The Boolean Constructor
+  // 19.3.1.1 Boolean ( value )
+  // 19.3.2 Properties of the Boolean Constructor
+  // 19.3.2.1 Boolean.prototype
+  // 19.3.3 Properties of the Boolean Prototype Object
+  // 19.3.3.1 Boolean.prototype.constructor
+  // 19.3.3.2 Boolean.prototype.toString ( )
+  // 19.3.3.3 Boolean.prototype.valueOf ( )
+  // 19.3.4 Properties of Boolean Instances
+
+  // (No polyfillable changes from ES5)
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 19.4 Symbol Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // Moved earlier in this script, so that other polyfills can depend on them.
+
+  // 19.4.3.4 Symbol.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+  define(global.Symbol.prototype, global.Symbol.toStringTag, 'Symbol');
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 19.5 Error Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 19.5.1 The Error Constructor
+  // 19.5.1.1 Error ( message )
+  // 19.5.1.2 new Error( ...argumentsList )
+  // 19.5.2 Properties of the Error Constructor
+  // 19.5.2.1 Error.prototype
+  // 19.5.3 Properties of the Error Prototype Object
+  // 19.5.3.1 Error.prototype.constructor
+  // 19.5.3.2 Error.prototype.message
+  // 19.5.3.3 Error.prototype.name
+  // 19.5.3.4 Error.prototype.toString ( )
+  // 19.5.4 Properties of Error Instances
+  // 19.5.5 Native Error Types Used in This Standard
+  // 19.5.5.1 EvalError
+  // 19.5.5.2 RangeError
+  // 19.5.5.3 ReferenceError
+  // 19.5.5.4 SyntaxError
+  // 19.5.5.5 TypeError
+  // 19.5.5.6 URIError
+  // 19.5.6 NativeError Object Structure
+  // 19.5.6.1 NativeError Constructors
+  // 19.5.6.1.1 NativeError ( message )
+  // 19.5.6.1.2 new NativeError ( ...argumentsList )
+  // 19.5.6.2 Properties of the NativeError Constructors
+  // 19.5.6.2.1 NativeError.prototype
+  // 19.5.6.3 Properties of the NativeError Prototype Objects
+  // 19.5.6.4 Properties of NativeError Instances
+
+  // (No polyfillable changes from ES5)
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 20 Numbers and Dates
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 20.1 Number Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 20.1.1 The Number Constructor
+  // 20.1.1.1 Number ( [ value ] )
+  // 20.1.1.2 new Number ( ...argumentsList )
+  // 20.1.2 Properties of the Number Constructor
+
+  // 20.1.2.1 Number.EPSILON
+  define(
+    Number, 'EPSILON',
+    (function () {
+      var next, result;
+      for (next = 1; 1 + next !== 1; next = next / 2)
+        result = next;
+      return result;
+    }()));
+
+  // 20.1.2.2 Number.isFinite ( number )
+  define(
+    Number, 'isFinite',
+    function isFinite(number) {
+      if (Type(number) !== 'number') return false;
+      if (number !== number || number === +Infinity || number === -Infinity) return false;
+      return true;
+    });
 
-function cSqrTo(x, r) {
-  x.squareTo(r)
-  this.reduce(r)
-}
+  // 20.1.2.3 Number.isInteger ( number )
+  define(
+    Number, 'isInteger',
+    function isInteger(number) {
+      if (Type(number) !== 'number') return false;
+      if (number !== number || number === +Infinity || number === -Infinity) return false;
+      var integer = ToInteger(number);
+      if (integer !== number) return false;
+      return true;
+    });
 
-Classic.prototype.convert = cConvert
-Classic.prototype.revert = cRevert
-Classic.prototype.reduce = cReduce
-Classic.prototype.mulTo = cMulTo
-Classic.prototype.sqrTo = cSqrTo
+  // 20.1.2.4 Number.isNaN ( number )
+  define(
+    Number, 'isNaN',
+    function isNaN(number) {
+      if (Type(number) !== 'number') return false;
+      if (number !== number) return true;
+      return false;
+    });
 
-// (protected) return "-1/this % 2^DB"; useful for Mont. reduction
-// justification:
-//         xy == 1 (mod m)
-//         xy =  1+km
-//   xy(2-xy) = (1+km)(1-km)
-// x[y(2-xy)] = 1-k^2m^2
-// x[y(2-xy)] == 1 (mod m^2)
-// if y is 1/x mod m, then y(2-xy) is 1/x mod m^2
-// should reduce x and y(2-xy) by m^2 at each step to keep size bounded.
-// JS multiply "overflows" differently from C/C++, so care is needed here.
-function bnpInvDigit() {
-  if (this.t < 1) return 0
-  var x = this[0]
-  if ((x & 1) == 0) return 0
-  var y = x & 3; // y == 1/x mod 2^2
-  y = (y * (2 - (x & 0xf) * y)) & 0xf; // y == 1/x mod 2^4
-  y = (y * (2 - (x & 0xff) * y)) & 0xff; // y == 1/x mod 2^8
-  y = (y * (2 - (((x & 0xffff) * y) & 0xffff))) & 0xffff; // y == 1/x mod 2^16
-  // last step - calculate inverse mod DV directly
-  // assumes 16 < DB <= 32 and assumes ability to handle 48-bit ints
-  y = (y * (2 - x * y % this.DV)) % this.DV; // y == 1/x mod 2^dbits
-  // we really want the negative inverse, and -DV < y < DV
-  return (y > 0) ? this.DV - y : -y
-}
+  // 20.1.2.5 Number.isSafeInteger ( number )
+  define(
+    Number, 'isSafeInteger',
+    function isSafeInteger(number) {
+      if (Type(number) !== 'number') return false;
+      if (number !== number || number === +Infinity || number === -Infinity) return false;
+      var integer = ToInteger(number);
+      if (integer !== number) return false;
+      if (abs(integer) <= (0x20000000000000 - 1)) // 2^53-1
+        return true;
+      return false;
+    });
 
-// Montgomery reduction
-function Montgomery(m) {
-  this.m = m
-  this.mp = m.invDigit()
-  this.mpl = this.mp & 0x7fff
-  this.mph = this.mp >> 15
-  this.um = (1 << (m.DB - 15)) - 1
-  this.mt2 = 2 * m.t
-}
+  // 20.1.2.6 Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER
+  define(
+    Number, 'MAX_SAFE_INTEGER',
+    9007199254740991); // 2^53-1
+
+  // 20.1.2.7 Number.MAX_VALUE
+
+  // 20.1.2.8 Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER
+  define(
+    Number, 'MIN_SAFE_INTEGER',
+    -9007199254740991); // -2^53+1
+
+  // 20.1.2.9 Number.MIN_VALUE
+  // 20.1.2.10 Number.NaN
+  // 20.1.2.11 Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
+
+  // 20.1.2.12 Number.parseFloat ( string )
+  define(Number, 'parseFloat', $parseFloat);
+
+  // 20.1.2.13 Number.parseInt ( string, radix )
+  define(Number, 'parseInt', $parseInt);
+
+  // 20.1.2.14 Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+  // 20.1.2.15 Number.prototype
+
+  // 20.1.3 Properties of the Number Prototype Object
+  // 20.1.3.1 Number.prototype.constructor
+  // 20.1.3.2 Number.prototype.toExponential ( fractionDigits )
+  // 20.1.3.3 Number.prototype.toFixed ( fractionDigits )
+  // 20.1.3.4 Number.prototype.toLocaleString( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ])
+  // 20.1.3.5 Number.prototype.toPrecision ( precision )
+  // 20.1.3.6 Number.prototype.toString ( [ radix ] )
+  // 20.1.3.7 Number.prototype.valueOf ( )
+  // 20.1.4 Properties of Number Instances
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 20.2 The Math Object
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 20.2.1 Value Properties of the Math Object
+  // 20.2.1.1 Math.E
+  // 20.2.1.2 Math.LN10
+  // 20.2.1.3 Math.LN2
+  // 20.2.1.4 Math.LOG10E
+  // 20.2.1.5 Math.LOG2E
+  // 20.2.1.6 Math.PI
+  // 20.2.1.7 Math.SQRT1_2
+  // 20.2.1.8 Math.SQRT2
+
+  // 20.2.1.9 Math [ @@toStringTag ]
+  define(Math, $$toStringTag, 'Math');
+
+  // 20.2.2 Function Properties of the Math Object
+  // 20.2.2.1 Math.abs ( x )
+  // 20.2.2.2 Math.acos ( x )
+
+  // 20.2.2.3 Math.acosh(x)
+  define(
+    Math, 'acosh',
+    function acosh(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      return log(x + sqrt(x * x - 1));
+    });
 
-// xR mod m
-function montConvert(x) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  x.abs()
-    .dlShiftTo(this.m.t, r)
-  r.divRemTo(this.m, null, r)
-  if (x.s < 0 && r.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) this.m.subTo(r, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 20.2.2.4 Math.asin ( x )
 
-// x/R mod m
-function montRevert(x) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  x.copyTo(r)
-  this.reduce(r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 20.2.2.5 Math.asinh( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'asinh',
+    function asinh(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      if (SameValue(x, -0)) {
+        return x;
+      }
+      var s = sqrt(x * x + 1);
+      return (s === -x) ? log(0) : log(x + s);
+    });
 
-// x = x/R mod m (HAC 14.32)
-function montReduce(x) {
-  while (x.t <= this.mt2) // pad x so am has enough room later
-    x[x.t++] = 0
-  for (var i = 0; i < this.m.t; ++i) {
-    // faster way of calculating u0 = x[i]*mp mod DV
-    var j = x[i] & 0x7fff
-    var u0 = (j * this.mpl + (((j * this.mph + (x[i] >> 15) * this.mpl) & this.um) << 15)) & x.DM
-    // use am to combine the multiply-shift-add into one call
-    j = i + this.m.t
-    x[j] += this.m.am(0, u0, x, i, 0, this.m.t)
-    // propagate carry
-    while (x[j] >= x.DV) {
-      x[j] -= x.DV
-      x[++j]++
-    }
-  }
-  x.clamp()
-  x.drShiftTo(this.m.t, x)
-  if (x.compareTo(this.m) >= 0) x.subTo(this.m, x)
-}
+  // 20.2.2.6 Math.atan ( x )
 
-// r = "x^2/R mod m"; x != r
-function montSqrTo(x, r) {
-  x.squareTo(r)
-  this.reduce(r)
-}
+  // 20.2.2.7 Math.atanh( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'atanh',
+    function atanh(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      return (x === 0) ? x : log((1 + x) / (1 - x)) / 2;
+    });
 
-// r = "xy/R mod m"; x,y != r
-function montMulTo(x, y, r) {
-  x.multiplyTo(y, r)
-  this.reduce(r)
-}
+  // 20.2.2.8 Math.atan2 ( y, x )
 
-Montgomery.prototype.convert = montConvert
-Montgomery.prototype.revert = montRevert
-Montgomery.prototype.reduce = montReduce
-Montgomery.prototype.mulTo = montMulTo
-Montgomery.prototype.sqrTo = montSqrTo
+  // 20.2.2.9 Math.cbrt ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'cbrt',
+    function cbrt(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      if ($isNaN(x/x)) {
+        return x;
+      }
+      var r = pow(abs(x), 1/3);
+      var t = x/r/r;
+      return r + (r * (t-r) / (2*r + t));
+    });
 
-// (protected) true iff this is even
-function bnpIsEven() {
-  return ((this.t > 0) ? (this[0] & 1) : this.s) == 0
-}
+  // 20.2.2.10 Math.ceil ( x )
 
-// (protected) this^e, e < 2^32, doing sqr and mul with "r" (HAC 14.79)
-function bnpExp(e, z) {
-  if (e > 0xffffffff || e < 1) return BigInteger.ONE
-  var r = new BigInteger(),
-    r2 = new BigInteger(),
-    g = z.convert(this),
-    i = nbits(e) - 1
-  g.copyTo(r)
-  while (--i >= 0) {
-    z.sqrTo(r, r2)
-    if ((e & (1 << i)) > 0) z.mulTo(r2, g, r)
-    else {
-      var t = r
-      r = r2
-      r2 = t
-    }
-  }
-  return z.revert(r)
-}
+  // 20.2.2.11 Math.clz32 ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'clz32',
+    function clz32(x) {
+      function clz8(x) {
+        return (x & 0xf0) ? (x & 0x80 ? 0 : x & 0x40 ? 1 : x & 0x20 ? 2 : 3) :
+        (x & 0x08 ? 4 : x & 0x04 ? 5 : x & 0x02 ? 6 : x & 0x01 ? 7 : 8);
+      }
+      x = ToUint32(x);
+      return x & 0xff000000 ? clz8(x >> 24) :
+        x & 0xff0000 ? clz8(x >> 16) + 8 :
+        x & 0xff00 ? clz8(x >> 8) + 16 : clz8(x) + 24;
+    });
 
-// (public) this^e % m, 0 <= e < 2^32
-function bnModPowInt(e, m) {
-  var z
-  if (e < 256 || m.isEven()) z = new Classic(m)
-  else z = new Montgomery(m)
-  return this.exp(e, z)
-}
 
-// protected
-proto.copyTo = bnpCopyTo
-proto.fromInt = bnpFromInt
-proto.fromString = bnpFromString
-proto.clamp = bnpClamp
-proto.dlShiftTo = bnpDLShiftTo
-proto.drShiftTo = bnpDRShiftTo
-proto.lShiftTo = bnpLShiftTo
-proto.rShiftTo = bnpRShiftTo
-proto.subTo = bnpSubTo
-proto.multiplyTo = bnpMultiplyTo
-proto.squareTo = bnpSquareTo
-proto.divRemTo = bnpDivRemTo
-proto.invDigit = bnpInvDigit
-proto.isEven = bnpIsEven
-proto.exp = bnpExp
 
-// public
-proto.toString = bnToString
-proto.negate = bnNegate
-proto.abs = bnAbs
-proto.compareTo = bnCompareTo
-proto.bitLength = bnBitLength
-proto.byteLength = bnByteLength
-proto.mod = bnMod
-proto.modPowInt = bnModPowInt
+  // 20.2.2.12 Math.cos ( x )
 
-// (public)
-function bnClone() {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.copyTo(r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 20.2.2.13 Math.cosh ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'cosh',
+    function cosh(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      return (pow(E, x) + pow(E, -x)) / 2;
+    });
 
-// (public) return value as integer
-function bnIntValue() {
-  if (this.s < 0) {
-    if (this.t == 1) return this[0] - this.DV
-    else if (this.t == 0) return -1
-  } else if (this.t == 1) return this[0]
-  else if (this.t == 0) return 0
-  // assumes 16 < DB < 32
-  return ((this[1] & ((1 << (32 - this.DB)) - 1)) << this.DB) | this[0]
-}
+  // 20.2.2.14 Math.exp ( x )
+
+  // 20.2.2.15 Math.expm1 ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'expm1',
+    function expm1(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      // from: http://www.johndcook.com/cpp_log1p.html
+      if (SameValue(x, -0)) {
+        return -0;
+      } else if (abs(x) < 1e-5) {
+        return x + 0.5 * x * x; // two terms of Taylor expansion
+      } else {
+        return exp(x) - 1;
+      }
+    });
 
-// (public) return value as byte
-function bnByteValue() {
-  return (this.t == 0) ? this.s : (this[0] << 24) >> 24
-}
+  // 20.2.2.16 Math.floor ( x )
 
-// (public) return value as short (assumes DB>=16)
-function bnShortValue() {
-  return (this.t == 0) ? this.s : (this[0] << 16) >> 16
-}
+  // 20.2.2.17 Math.fround ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'fround',
+    function fround(x) {
+      if ($isNaN(x)) {
+        return NaN;
+      }
+      if (1/x === +Infinity || 1/x === -Infinity || x === +Infinity || x === -Infinity) {
+        return x;
+      }
+      return (new Float32Array([x]))[0];
+    });
 
-// (protected) return x s.t. r^x < DV
-function bnpChunkSize(r) {
-  return Math.floor(Math.LN2 * this.DB / Math.log(r))
-}
+  // 20.2.2.18 Math.hypot ( value1 [, value2 [ ... ] ] )
+  define(
+    Math, 'hypot',
+    function hypot() {
+      var values = [];
+      var m = 0, sawNaN = false;
+      for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {
+        var n = abs(Number(arguments[i]));
+        if (n === Infinity) return n;
+        if (n !== n) sawNaN = true;
+        if (n > m) m = n;
+        values[i] = n;
+      }
+      if (sawNaN) return NaN;
+      if (m === 0) return +0;
+      var sum = +0;
+      for (i = 0; i < values.length; ++i) {
+        var r = values[i] / m;
+        sum = sum + r * r;
+      }
+      return m * sqrt(sum);
+    });
 
-// (public) 0 if this == 0, 1 if this > 0
-function bnSigNum() {
-  if (this.s < 0) return -1
-  else if (this.t <= 0 || (this.t == 1 && this[0] <= 0)) return 0
-  else return 1
-}
+  // 20.2.2.19 Math.imul ( x, y )
+  define(
+    Math, 'imul',
+    function imul(x, y) {
+      var a = ToUint32(x);
+      var b = ToUint32(y);
+      // (slow but accurate)
+      var ah  = (a >>> 16) & 0xffff;
+      var al = a & 0xffff;
+      var bh  = (b >>> 16) & 0xffff;
+      var bl = b & 0xffff;
+      return ((al * bl) + (((ah * bl + al * bh) << 16) >>> 0)|0);
+    }, ('imul' in Math && Math.imul(1, 0x80000000) === 0) // Safari 7 bug
+  );
+
+  // 20.2.2.20 Math.log ( x )
+
+  // 20.2.2.21 Math.log1p ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'log1p',
+    function log1p(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      // from: http://www.johndcook.com/cpp_expm1.html
+      if (x < -1) {
+        return NaN;
+      } else if (SameValue(x, -0)) {
+        return -0;
+      } else if (abs(x) > 1e-4) {
+        return log(1 + x);
+      } else {
+        return (-0.5 * x + 1) * x;
+      }
+    });
 
-// (protected) convert to radix string
-function bnpToRadix(b) {
-  if (b == null) b = 10
-  if (this.signum() == 0 || b < 2 || b > 36) return "0"
-  var cs = this.chunkSize(b)
-  var a = Math.pow(b, cs)
-  var d = nbv(a),
-    y = new BigInteger(),
-    z = new BigInteger(),
-    r = ""
-  this.divRemTo(d, y, z)
-  while (y.signum() > 0) {
-    r = (a + z.intValue())
-      .toString(b)
-      .substr(1) + r
-    y.divRemTo(d, y, z)
-  }
-  return z.intValue()
-    .toString(b) + r
-}
+  // 20.2.2.22 Math.log10 ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'log10',
+    function log10(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      return log(x) * LOG10E;
+    });
 
-// (protected) convert from radix string
-function bnpFromRadix(s, b) {
-  var self = this
-  self.fromInt(0)
-  if (b == null) b = 10
-  var cs = self.chunkSize(b)
-  var d = Math.pow(b, cs),
-    mi = false,
-    j = 0,
-    w = 0
-  for (var i = 0; i < s.length; ++i) {
-    var x = intAt(s, i)
-    if (x < 0) {
-      if (s.charAt(i) == "-" && self.signum() == 0) mi = true
-      continue
-    }
-    w = b * w + x
-    if (++j >= cs) {
-      self.dMultiply(d)
-      self.dAddOffset(w, 0)
-      j = 0
-      w = 0
-    }
-  }
-  if (j > 0) {
-    self.dMultiply(Math.pow(b, j))
-    self.dAddOffset(w, 0)
-  }
-  if (mi) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(self, self)
-}
+  // 20.2.2.23 Math.log2 ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'log2',
+    function log2(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      return log(x) * LOG2E;
+    });
 
-// (protected) alternate constructor
-function bnpFromNumber(a, b, c) {
-  var self = this
-  if ("number" == typeof b) {
-    // new BigInteger(int,int,RNG)
-    if (a < 2) self.fromInt(1)
-    else {
-      self.fromNumber(a, c)
-      if (!self.testBit(a - 1)) // force MSB set
-        self.bitwiseTo(BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(a - 1), op_or, self)
-      if (self.isEven()) self.dAddOffset(1, 0); // force odd
-      while (!self.isProbablePrime(b)) {
-        self.dAddOffset(2, 0)
-        if (self.bitLength() > a) self.subTo(BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(a - 1), self)
-      }
-    }
-  } else {
-    // new BigInteger(int,RNG)
-    var x = new Array(),
-      t = a & 7
-    x.length = (a >> 3) + 1
-    b.nextBytes(x)
-    if (t > 0) x[0] &= ((1 << t) - 1)
-    else x[0] = 0
-    self.fromString(x, 256)
-  }
-}
+  // 20.2.2.24 Math.max ( value1, value2 , ...values )
+  // 20.2.2.25 Math.min ( value1, value2 , ...values )
+  // 20.2.2.26 Math.pow ( x, y )
+  // 20.2.2.27 Math.random ( )
+  // 20.2.2.28 Math.round ( x )
+
+  // 20.2.2.29 Math.sign(x)
+  define(
+    Math, 'sign',
+    function sign(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      return x < 0 ? -1 : x > 0 ? 1 : x;
+    });
 
-// (public) convert to bigendian byte array
-function bnToByteArray() {
-  var self = this
-  var i = self.t,
-    r = new Array()
-  r[0] = self.s
-  var p = self.DB - (i * self.DB) % 8,
-    d, k = 0
-  if (i-- > 0) {
-    if (p < self.DB && (d = self[i] >> p) != (self.s & self.DM) >> p)
-      r[k++] = d | (self.s << (self.DB - p))
-    while (i >= 0) {
-      if (p < 8) {
-        d = (self[i] & ((1 << p) - 1)) << (8 - p)
-        d |= self[--i] >> (p += self.DB - 8)
-      } else {
-        d = (self[i] >> (p -= 8)) & 0xff
-        if (p <= 0) {
-          p += self.DB
-          --i
+  // 20.2.2.30 Math.sin ( x )
+
+  // 20.2.2.31 Math.sinh( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'sinh',
+    function sinh(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      return SameValue(x, -0) ? x : (pow(E, x) - pow(E, -x)) / 2;
+    });
+
+  // 20.2.2.32 Math.sqrt ( x )
+  // 20.2.2.33 Math.tan ( x )
+
+  // 20.2.2.34 Math.tanh ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'tanh',
+    function tanh(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      var n = pow(E, 2 * x) - 1,
+          d = pow(E, 2 * x) + 1;
+      if (SameValue(x, -0))
+        return x;
+      return (n === d) ? 1 : n / d; // Handle Infinity/Infinity
+    });
+
+  // 20.2.2.35 Math.trunc ( x )
+  define(
+    Math, 'trunc',
+    function trunc(x) {
+      x = Number(x);
+      return $isNaN(x) ? NaN :
+        x < 0 ? ceil(x) : floor(x);
+    });
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 20.3 Date Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 20.3.1 Overview of Date Objects and Definitions of Abstract Operations
+  // 20.3.1.1 Time Values and Time Range
+  // 20.3.1.2 Day Number and Time within Day
+  // 20.3.1.3 Year Number
+  // 20.3.1.4 Month Number
+  // 20.3.1.5 Date Number
+  // 20.3.1.6 Week Day
+  // 20.3.1.7 Local Time Zone Adjustment
+  // 20.3.1.8 Daylight Saving Time Adjustment
+  // 20.3.1.9 Local Time
+  // 20.3.1.10 Hours, Minutes, Second, and Milliseconds
+  // 20.3.1.11 MakeTime (hour, min, sec, ms)
+  // 20.3.1.12 MakeDay (year, month, date)
+  // 20.3.1.13 MakeDate (day, time)
+  // 20.3.1.14 TimeClip (time)
+  // 20.3.1.15 Date Time String Format
+  // 20.3.1.15.1 Extended years
+  // 20.3.2 The Date Constructor
+  // 20.3.2.1 Date ( year, month [, date [ , hours [ , minutes [ , seconds [ , ms ] ] ] ] ] )
+  // 20.3.2.2 Date ( value )
+  // 20.3.2.3 Date ( )
+  // 20.3.3 Properties of the Date Constructor
+  // 20.3.3.1 Date.now ( )
+  // 20.3.3.2 Date.parse (string)
+  // 20.3.3.3 Date.prototype
+  // 20.3.3.4 Date.UTC ( year, month [ , date [ , hours [ , minutes [ , seconds [ , ms ] ] ] ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4 Properties of the Date Prototype Object
+  // 20.3.4.1 Date.prototype.constructor
+  // 20.3.4.2 Date.prototype.getDate ( )
+  // 20.3.4.3 Date.prototype.getDay ( )
+  // 20.3.4.4 Date.prototype.getFullYear ( )
+  // 20.3.4.5 Date.prototype.getHours ( )
+  // 20.3.4.6 Date.prototype.getMilliseconds ( )
+  // 20.3.4.7 Date.prototype.getMinutes ( )
+  // 20.3.4.8 Date.prototype.getMonth ( )
+  // 20.3.4.9 Date.prototype.getSeconds ( )
+  // 20.3.4.10 Date.prototype.getTime ( )
+  // 20.3.4.11 Date.prototype.getTimezoneOffset ( )
+  // 20.3.4.12 Date.prototype.getUTCDate ( )
+  // 20.3.4.13 Date.prototype.getUTCDay ( )
+  // 20.3.4.14 Date.prototype.getUTCFullYear ( )
+  // 20.3.4.15 Date.prototype.getUTCHours ( )
+  // 20.3.4.16 Date.prototype.getUTCMilliseconds ( )
+  // 20.3.4.17 Date.prototype.getUTCMinutes ( )
+  // 20.3.4.18 Date.prototype.getUTCMonth ( )
+  // 20.3.4.19 Date.prototype.getUTCSeconds ( )
+  // 20.3.4.20 Date.prototype.setDate ( date )
+  // 20.3.4.21 Date.prototype.setFullYear ( year [ , month [ , date ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.22 Date.prototype.setHours ( hour [ , min [ , sec [ , ms ] ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.23 Date.prototype.setMilliseconds ( ms )
+  // 20.3.4.24 Date.prototype.setMinutes ( min [ , sec [ , ms ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.25 Date.prototype.setMonth ( month [ , date ] )
+  // 20.3.4.26 Date.prototype.setSeconds ( sec [ , ms ] )
+  // 20.3.4.27 Date.prototype.setTime ( time )
+  // 20.3.4.28 Date.prototype.setUTCDate ( date )
+  // 20.3.4.29 Date.prototype.setUTCFullYear ( year [ , month [ , date ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.30 Date.prototype.setUTCHours ( hour [ , min [ , sec [ , ms ] ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.31 Date.prototype.setUTCMilliseconds ( ms )
+  // 20.3.4.32 Date.prototype.setUTCMinutes ( min [ , sec [, ms ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.33 Date.prototype.setUTCMonth ( month [ , date ] )
+  // 20.3.4.34 Date.prototype.setUTCSeconds ( sec [ , ms ] )
+  // 20.3.4.35 Date.prototype.toDateString ( )
+  // 20.3.4.36 Date.prototype.toISOString ( )
+  // 20.3.4.37 Date.prototype.toJSON ( key )
+  // 20.3.4.38 Date.prototype.toLocaleDateString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.39 Date.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.40 Date.prototype.toLocaleTimeString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )
+  // 20.3.4.41 Date.prototype.toString ( )
+  // 20.3.4.42 Date.prototype.toTimeString ( )
+  // 20.3.4.43 Date.prototype.toUTCString ( )
+  // 20.3.4.44 Date.prototype.valueOf ( )
+  // 20.3.4.45 Date.prototype [ @@toPrimitive ] ( hint )
+  // 20.3.5 Properties of Date Instances
+
+  // (No polyfillable changes from ES5)
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 21 Text Processing
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  var string_regexp_dispatch = (function() {
+    var faux = {}, secret = Symbol();
+    faux[Symbol.match] = function() { return secret; };
+    return ("").match(faux) === secret;
+  }());
+
+  // 21.1 String Objects
+  // 21.1.1 The String Constructor
+  // 21.1.1.1 String ( value )
+  // 21.1.2 Properties of the String Constructor
+  // 21.1.2.1 String.fromCharCode ( ...codeUnits )
+
+  // 21.1.2.2 String.fromCodePoint ( ...codePoints )
+  define(
+    String, 'fromCodePoint',
+    function fromCodePoint(/*...codePoints*/) {
+      var codePoints = arguments,
+          length = codePoints.length,
+          elements = [],
+          nextIndex = 0;
+      while (nextIndex < length) {
+        var next = codePoints[nextIndex];
+        var nextCP = Number(next);
+        if (!SameValue(nextCP, ToInteger(nextCP)) ||
+            nextCP < 0 || nextCP > 0x10FFFF) {
+          throw RangeError('Invalid code point ' + nextCP);
         }
+        if (nextCP < 0x10000) {
+          elements.push(String.fromCharCode(nextCP));
+        } else {
+          nextCP -= 0x10000;
+          elements.push(String.fromCharCode((nextCP >> 10) + 0xD800));
+          elements.push(String.fromCharCode((nextCP % 0x400) + 0xDC00));
+        }
+        nextIndex += 1;
       }
-      if ((d & 0x80) != 0) d |= -256
-      if (k === 0 && (self.s & 0x80) != (d & 0x80))++k
-      if (k > 0 || d != self.s) r[k++] = d
-    }
-  }
-  return r
-}
+      return elements.join('');
+    });
 
-function bnEquals(a) {
-  return (this.compareTo(a) == 0)
-}
+  // 21.1.2.3 String.prototype
+
+  // 21.1.2.4 String.raw ( template , ...substitutions )
+  define(
+    String, 'raw',
+    function raw(template /*, ...substitutions*/) {
+      var substitutions = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);
+
+      var cooked = Object(template);
+      var rawValue = cooked['raw'];
+      var raw = Object(rawValue);
+      var len = raw['length'];
+      var literalSegments = ToLength(len);
+      if (literalSegments <= 0) return '';
+      var stringElements = [];
+      var nextIndex = 0;
+      while (true) {
+        var next = raw[nextIndex];
+        var nextSeg = String(next);
+        stringElements.push(nextSeg);
+        if (nextIndex + 1 === literalSegments)
+          return stringElements.join('');
+        next = substitutions[nextIndex];
+        var nextSub = String(next);
+        stringElements.push(nextSub);
+        nextIndex = nextIndex + 1;
+      }
+    });
 
-function bnMin(a) {
-  return (this.compareTo(a) < 0) ? this : a
-}
+  // See https://githib.com/inexorabletash/uate for a more useful version.
+
+  // 21.1.3 Properties of the String Prototype Object
+  // 21.1.3.1 String.prototype.charAt ( pos )
+  // 21.1.3.2 String.prototype.charCodeAt ( pos )
+
+  // 21.1.3.3 String.prototype.codePointAt ( pos )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'codePointAt',
+    function codePointAt(pos) {
+      var o = strict(this);
+      var s = String(o);
+      var position = ToInteger(pos);
+      var size = s.length;
+      if (position < 0 || position >= size) return undefined;
+      var first = s.charCodeAt(position);
+      if (first < 0xD800 || first > 0xDBFF || position + 1 === size) return first;
+      var second = s.charCodeAt(position + 1);
+      if (second < 0xDC00 || second > 0xDFFF) return first;
+      return ((first - 0xD800) * 1024) + (second - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
+    });
 
-function bnMax(a) {
-  return (this.compareTo(a) > 0) ? this : a
-}
+  // 21.1.3.4 String.prototype.concat ( ...args )
+  // 21.1.3.5 String.prototype.constructor
+
+  // 21.1.3.6 String.prototype.endsWith ( searchString [ , endPosition] )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'endsWith',
+    function endsWith(searchString) {
+      var endPosition = arguments[1];
+
+      var o = strict(this);
+      var s = String(o);
+      var searchStr = String(searchString);
+      var len = s.length;
+      var pos = (endPosition === undefined) ? len : ToInteger(endPosition);
+      var end = min(max(pos, 0), len);
+      var searchLength = searchStr.length;
+      var start = end - searchLength;
+      if (start < 0) return false;
+      if (s.substring(start, start + searchLength) === searchStr) return true;
+      return false;
+    });
 
-// (protected) r = this op a (bitwise)
-function bnpBitwiseTo(a, op, r) {
-  var self = this
-  var i, f, m = Math.min(a.t, self.t)
-  for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) r[i] = op(self[i], a[i])
-  if (a.t < self.t) {
-    f = a.s & self.DM
-    for (i = m; i < self.t; ++i) r[i] = op(self[i], f)
-    r.t = self.t
-  } else {
-    f = self.s & self.DM
-    for (i = m; i < a.t; ++i) r[i] = op(f, a[i])
-    r.t = a.t
-  }
-  r.s = op(self.s, a.s)
-  r.clamp()
-}
+  // 21.1.3.7 String.prototype.includes ( searchString [ , position ] )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'includes',
+    function includes(searchString) {
+      var position = arguments[1];
+
+      var o = strict(this);
+      var s = String(o);
+      var searchStr = String(searchString);
+      var pos = ToInteger(position);
+      var len = s.length;
+      var start = min(max(pos, 0), len);
+      return s.indexOf(searchStr, start) !== -1;
+    });
 
-// (public) this & a
-function op_and(x, y) {
-  return x & y
-}
+  // 21.1.3.8 String.prototype.indexOf ( searchString [ , position ] )
+  // 21.1.3.9 String.prototype.lastIndexOf ( searchString [ , position ] )
+  // 21.1.3.10 String.prototype.localeCompare ( that [, reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )
+  // 21.1.3.11 String.prototype.match ( regexp )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'match',
+    function match(regexp) {
+      var o = strict(this);
+      var s = String(o);
+      if (HasProperty(regexp, $$match)) var rx = regexp;
+      else rx = new RegExp(regexp);
+      return rx[$$match](s);
+    }, !string_regexp_dispatch);
+
+  // 21.1.3.12 String.prototype.normalize ( [ form ] )
+
+  // Not practical due to table sizes; if needed, pull in:
+  // https://github.com/walling/unorm/
+
+  // 21.1.3.13 String.prototype.repeat ( count )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'repeat',
+    function repeat(count) {
+      var o = strict(this);
+      var s = String(o);
+      var n = ToInteger(count);
+      if (n < 0) throw RangeError();
+      if (n === Infinity) throw RangeError();
+      var t = new Array(n + 1).join(s);
+      return t;
+    });
 
-function bnAnd(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.bitwiseTo(a, op_and, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.1.3.14 String.prototype.replace (searchValue, replaceValue )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'replace',
+    function replace(searchValue, replaceValue) {
+      var o = strict(this);
+      if (HasProperty(searchValue, $$replace))
+        return searchValue[$$replace](o, replaceValue);
+      return orig_replace.call(o, searchValue, replaceValue);
+    }, !string_regexp_dispatch);
+
+  // 21.1.3.15 String.prototype.search ( regexp )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'search',
+    function search(regexp) {
+      var o = strict(this);
+      var string = String(o);
+      if (HasProperty(regexp, $$search)) var rx = regexp;
+      else rx = new RegExp(regexp);
+      return rx[$$search](string);
+    }, !string_regexp_dispatch);
+
+  // 21.1.3.16 String.prototype.slice ( start, end )
+  // 21.1.3.17 String.prototype.split ( separator, limit )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'split',
+    function split(separator, limit) {
+      var o = strict(this);
+      if (HasProperty(separator, $$split))
+        return separator[$$split](o, limit);
+      return orig_split.call(o, separator, limit);
+    }, !string_regexp_dispatch);
+
+  // 21.1.3.18 String.prototype.startsWith ( searchString [, position ] )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, 'startsWith',
+    function startsWith(searchString) {
+      var position = arguments[1];
+
+      var o = strict(this);
+      var s = String(o);
+      var searchStr = String(searchString);
+      var pos = ToInteger(position);
+      var len = s.length;
+      var start = min(max(pos, 0), len);
+      var searchLength = searchStr.length;
+      if (searchLength + start > len) return false;
+      if (s.substring(start, start + searchLength) === searchStr) return true;
+      return false;
+    });
 
-// (public) this | a
-function op_or(x, y) {
-  return x | y
-}
+  // 21.1.3.19 String.prototype.substring ( start, end )
+  // 21.1.3.20 String.prototype.toLocaleLowerCase ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )
+  // 21.1.3.21 String.prototype.toLocaleUpperCase ([ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )
+  // 21.1.3.22 String.prototype.toLowerCase ( )
+  // 21.1.3.23 String.prototype.toString ( )
+  // 21.1.3.24 String.prototype.toUpperCase ( )
+  // 21.1.3.25 String.prototype.trim ( )
+  // 21.1.3.26 String.prototype.valueOf ( )
+
+  // 21.1.3.27 String.prototype [ @@iterator ]( )
+  define(
+    String.prototype, $$iterator,
+    function entries() {
+      return CreateStringIterator(this, 'value');
+    });
 
-function bnOr(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.bitwiseTo(a, op_or, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.1.4 Properties of String Instances
+  // 21.1.4.1 length
+
+  // 21.1.5 String Iterator Objects
+  /** @constructor */
+  function StringIterator() {}
+
+  // 21.1.5.1 CreateStringIterator Abstract Operation
+  function CreateStringIterator(string, kind) {
+    var s = String(string);
+    var iterator = new StringIterator;
+    set_internal(iterator, '[[IteratedString]]', s);
+    set_internal(iterator, '[[StringIteratorNextIndex]]', 0);
+    set_internal(iterator, '[[StringIterationKind]]', kind);
+    return iterator;
+  }
+
+  // 21.1.5.2 The %StringIteratorPrototype% Object
+  var $StringIteratorPrototype$ = Object.create($IteratorPrototype$);
+  StringIterator.prototype = $StringIteratorPrototype$;
+
+  // 21.1.5.2.1 %StringIteratorPrototype%.next ( )
+  define(
+    $StringIteratorPrototype$, 'next',
+    function next() {
+      var o = ToObject(this);
+      var s = String(o['[[IteratedString]]']),
+          index = o['[[StringIteratorNextIndex]]'],
+          len = s.length;
+      if (index >= len) {
+        set_internal(o, '[[StringIteratorNextIndex]]', Infinity);
+        return CreateIterResultObject(undefined, true);
+      }
+      var cp = s.codePointAt(index);
+      set_internal(o, '[[StringIteratorNextIndex]]', index + (cp > 0xFFFF ? 2 : 1));
+      return CreateIterResultObject(String.fromCodePoint(cp), false);
+    });
 
-// (public) this ^ a
-function op_xor(x, y) {
-  return x ^ y
-}
+  // 21.1.5.2.2 %StringIteratorPrototype% [ @@toStringTag ]
+  define($StringIteratorPrototype$, $$toStringTag, 'String Iterator');
+
+  // 21.1.5.3 Properties of String Iterator Instances
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 21.2 RegExp (Regular Expression) Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 21.2.1 Patterns
+  // 21.2.2 Pattern Semantics
+  // 21.2.2.1 Notation
+  // 21.2.2.2 Pattern
+  // 21.2.2.3 Disjunction
+  // 21.2.2.4 Alternative
+  // 21.2.2.5 Term
+  // 21.2.2.6 Assertion
+  // 21.2.2.7 Quantifier
+  // 21.2.2.8 Atom
+  // 21.2.2.9 AtomEscape
+  // 21.2.2.10 CharacterEscape
+  // 21.2.2.11 DecimalEscape
+  // 21.2.2.12 CharacterClassEscape
+  // 21.2.2.13 CharacterClass
+  // 21.2.2.14 ClassRanges
+  // 21.2.2.15 NonemptyClassRanges
+  // 21.2.2.16 NonemptyClassRangesNoDash
+  // 21.2.2.17 ClassAtom
+  // 21.2.2.18 ClassAtomNoDash
+  // 21.2.2.19 ClassEscape
+  // 21.2.3 The RegExp Constructor
+  // 21.2.3.1 RegExp ( pattern, flags )
+  // 21.2.3.2 new RegExp( ...argumentsList )
+  // 21.2.3.3 Abstract Operations for the RegExp Constructor
+  // 21.2.4 Properties of the RegExp Constructor
+  // 21.2.4.1 RegExp.prototype
+  // 21.2.5 Properties of the RegExp Prototype Object
+  // 21.2.5.1 RegExp.prototype.constructor
+  // 21.2.5.2 RegExp.prototype.exec ( string )
+
+  // 21.2.5.3 get RegExp.prototype.flags
+  if (!('flags' in RegExp.prototype)) {
+    Object.defineProperty(
+      RegExp.prototype, 'flags', {
+        get: function() {
+          var s = String(this);
+          return s.substring(s.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
+        }
+      });
+  }
 
-function bnXor(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.bitwiseTo(a, op_xor, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.2.5.4 get RegExp.prototype.global
+  // 21.2.5.5 get RegExp.prototype.ignoreCase
 
-// (public) this & ~a
-function op_andnot(x, y) {
-  return x & ~y
-}
+  // 21.2.5.6 RegExp.prototype [ @@match ] ( string )
+  define(RegExp.prototype, $$match, function(string) {
+    var o = strict(this);
+    return orig_match.call(string, o);
+  });
 
-function bnAndNot(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.bitwiseTo(a, op_andnot, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.2.5.7 get RegExp.prototype.multiline
 
-// (public) ~this
-function bnNot() {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i) r[i] = this.DM & ~this[i]
-  r.t = this.t
-  r.s = ~this.s
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.2.5.8 RegExp.prototype [ @@replace ] ( string, replaceValue )
+  define(RegExp.prototype, $$replace, function(string, replaceValue) {
+    var o = strict(this);
+    return orig_replace.call(string, o, replaceValue);
+  });
 
-// (public) this << n
-function bnShiftLeft(n) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  if (n < 0) this.rShiftTo(-n, r)
-  else this.lShiftTo(n, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.2.5.9 RegExp.prototype [ @@search ] ( string )
+  define(RegExp.prototype, $$search, function(string) {
+    var o = strict(this);
+    return orig_search.call(string, o);
+  });
 
-// (public) this >> n
-function bnShiftRight(n) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  if (n < 0) this.lShiftTo(-n, r)
-  else this.rShiftTo(n, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.2.5.10 get RegExp.prototype.source
 
-// return index of lowest 1-bit in x, x < 2^31
-function lbit(x) {
-  if (x == 0) return -1
-  var r = 0
-  if ((x & 0xffff) == 0) {
-    x >>= 16
-    r += 16
-  }
-  if ((x & 0xff) == 0) {
-    x >>= 8
-    r += 8
-  }
-  if ((x & 0xf) == 0) {
-    x >>= 4
-    r += 4
-  }
-  if ((x & 3) == 0) {
-    x >>= 2
-    r += 2
-  }
-  if ((x & 1) == 0)++r
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.2.5.11 RegExp.prototype [ @@split ] ( string, limit )
+  define(RegExp.prototype, $$split, function(string, limit) {
+    var o = strict(this);
+    return orig_split.call(string, o, limit);
+  });
 
-// (public) returns index of lowest 1-bit (or -1 if none)
-function bnGetLowestSetBit() {
-  for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i)
-    if (this[i] != 0) return i * this.DB + lbit(this[i])
-  if (this.s < 0) return this.t * this.DB
-  return -1
-}
+  // 21.2.5.12 get RegExp.prototype.sticky
+  // 21.2.5.13 RegExp.prototype.test( S )
+  // 21.2.5.14 RegExp.prototype.toString ( )
+  // 21.2.5.15 get RegExp.prototype.unicode
 
-// return number of 1 bits in x
-function cbit(x) {
-  var r = 0
-  while (x != 0) {
-    x &= x - 1
-    ++r
-  }
-  return r
-}
+  // 21.2.6 Properties of RegExp Instances
+  // 21.2.6.1 lastIndex
 
-// (public) return number of set bits
-function bnBitCount() {
-  var r = 0,
-    x = this.s & this.DM
-  for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i) r += cbit(this[i] ^ x)
-  return r
-}
+  // (No polyfillable changes from ES5)
 
-// (public) true iff nth bit is set
-function bnTestBit(n) {
-  var j = Math.floor(n / this.DB)
-  if (j >= this.t) return (this.s != 0)
-  return ((this[j] & (1 << (n % this.DB))) != 0)
-}
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 22 Indexed Collections
+  // ---------------------------------------
 
-// (protected) this op (1<<n)
-function bnpChangeBit(n, op) {
-  var r = BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(n)
-  this.bitwiseTo(r, op, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 22.1 Array Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
 
-// (public) this | (1<<n)
-function bnSetBit(n) {
-  return this.changeBit(n, op_or)
-}
+  // 22.1.1 The Array Constructor
+  // 22.1.1.1 Array ( )
+  // 22.1.1.2 Array (len)
+  // 22.1.1.3 Array (...items )
 
-// (public) this & ~(1<<n)
-function bnClearBit(n) {
-  return this.changeBit(n, op_andnot)
-}
+  // 22.1.2 Properties of the Array Constructor
 
-// (public) this ^ (1<<n)
-function bnFlipBit(n) {
-  return this.changeBit(n, op_xor)
-}
+  // 22.1.2.1 Array.from ( items [ , mapfn [ , thisArg ] ] )
+  define(
+    Array, 'from',
+    function from(items) {
+      var mapfn = arguments[1];
+      var thisArg = arguments[2];
 
-// (protected) r = this + a
-function bnpAddTo(a, r) {
-  var self = this
+      var c = strict(this);
+      if (mapfn === undefined) {
+        var mapping = false;
+      } else {
+        if (!IsCallable(mapfn)) throw TypeError();
+        var t = thisArg;
+        mapping = true;
+      }
+      var usingIterator = GetMethod(items, $$iterator);
+      if (usingIterator !== undefined) {
+         if (IsConstructor(c)) {
+          var a = new c();
+        } else {
+          a = new Array(0);
+        }
+        var iterator = GetIterator(items, usingIterator);
+        var k = 0;
+        while (true) {
+          var next = IteratorStep(iterator);
+          if (next === false) {
+            a.length = k;
+            return a;
+          }
+          var nextValue = IteratorValue(next);
+          if (mapping)
+            var mappedValue = mapfn.call(t, nextValue);
+          else
+            mappedValue = nextValue;
+          a[k] = mappedValue;
+          k += 1;
+        }
+      }
+      var arrayLike = ToObject(items);
+      var lenValue = arrayLike.length;
+      var len = ToLength(lenValue);
+      if (IsConstructor(c)) {
+        a = new c(len);
+      } else {
+        a = new Array(len);
+      }
+      k = 0;
+      while (k < len) {
+        var kValue = arrayLike[k];
+        if (mapping)
+          mappedValue = mapfn.call(t, kValue, k);
+        else
+          mappedValue = kValue;
+        a[k] = mappedValue;
+        k += 1;
+      }
+      a.length = len;
+      return a;
+    });
 
-  var i = 0,
-    c = 0,
-    m = Math.min(a.t, self.t)
-  while (i < m) {
-    c += self[i] + a[i]
-    r[i++] = c & self.DM
-    c >>= self.DB
-  }
-  if (a.t < self.t) {
-    c += a.s
-    while (i < self.t) {
-      c += self[i]
-      r[i++] = c & self.DM
-      c >>= self.DB
-    }
-    c += self.s
-  } else {
-    c += self.s
-    while (i < a.t) {
-      c += a[i]
-      r[i++] = c & self.DM
-      c >>= self.DB
-    }
-    c += a.s
-  }
-  r.s = (c < 0) ? -1 : 0
-  if (c > 0) r[i++] = c
-  else if (c < -1) r[i++] = self.DV + c
-  r.t = i
-  r.clamp()
-}
+  // 22.1.2.2 Array.isArray ( arg )
 
-// (public) this + a
-function bnAdd(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.addTo(a, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 22.1.2.3 Array.of ( ...items )
+  define(
+    Array, 'of',
+    function of() {
+      var items = arguments;
 
-// (public) this - a
-function bnSubtract(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.subTo(a, r)
-  return r
-}
+      var lenValue = items.length;
+      var len = ToUint32(lenValue);
+      var c = strict(this), a;
+      if (IsConstructor(c)) {
+        a = new c(len);
+        a = ToObject(a);
+      } else {
+        a = new Array(len);
+      }
+      var k = 0;
+      while (k < len) {
+        a[k] = items[k];
+        k += 1;
+      }
+      a.length = len;
+      return a;
+    });
 
-// (public) this * a
-function bnMultiply(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.multiplyTo(a, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 22.1.2.4 Array.prototype
+  // 22.1.2.5 get Array [ @@species ]
+  // 22.1.3 Properties of the Array Prototype Object
+  // 22.1.3.1 Array.prototype.concat ( ...arguments )
+  // 22.1.3.1.1 Runtime Semantics: IsConcatSpreadable ( O )
+  // 22.1.3.2 Array.prototype.constructor
+  // 22.1.3.3 Array.prototype.copyWithin (target, start [ , end ] )
+  define(
+    Array.prototype, 'copyWithin',
+    function copyWithin(target, start/*, end*/) {
+      var end = arguments[2];
+
+      var o = ToObject(this);
+      var lenVal = o.length;
+      var len = ToLength(lenVal);
+      len = max(len, 0);
+      var relativeTarget = ToInteger(target);
+      var to;
+      if (relativeTarget < 0)
+        to = max(len + relativeTarget, 0);
+      else
+        to = min(relativeTarget, len);
+      var relativeStart = ToInteger(start);
+      var from;
+      if (relativeStart < 0)
+        from = max(len + relativeStart, 0);
+      else
+        from = min(relativeStart, len);
+      var relativeEnd;
+      if (end === undefined)
+        relativeEnd = len;
+      else
+        relativeEnd = ToInteger(end);
+      var final;
+      if (relativeEnd < 0)
+        final = max(len + relativeEnd, 0);
+      else
+        final = min(relativeEnd, len);
+      var count = min(final - from, len - to);
+      var direction;
+      if (from < to && to < from + count) {
+        direction = -1;
+        from = from + count - 1;
+        to = to + count - 1;
+      } else {
+        direction = 1;
+      }
+      while (count > 0) {
+        var fromKey = String(from);
+        var toKey = String(to);
+        var fromPresent = HasProperty(o, fromKey);
+        if (fromPresent) {
+          var fromVal = o[fromKey];
+          o[toKey] = fromVal;
+        } else {
+          delete o[toKey];
+        }
+        from = from + direction;
+        to = to + direction;
+        count = count - 1;
+      }
+      return o;
+    });
 
-// (public) this^2
-function bnSquare() {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.squareTo(r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 22.1.3.4 Array.prototype.entries ( )
+  var nativeArrayIteratorMethods =
+        ('entries' in Array.prototype && 'next' in [].entries());
+
+  define(
+    Array.prototype, 'entries',
+    function entries() {
+      return CreateArrayIterator(this, 'key+value');
+    }, !nativeArrayIteratorMethods);
+
+  // 22.1.3.5 Array.prototype.every ( callbackfn [ , thisArg] )
+
+  // 22.1.3.6 Array.prototype.fill (value [ , start [ , end ] ] )
+  define(
+    Array.prototype, 'fill',
+    function fill(value/*, start, end*/) {
+      var start = arguments[1],
+          end = arguments[2];
+
+      var o = ToObject(this);
+      var lenVal = o.length;
+      var len = ToLength(lenVal);
+      len = max(len, 0);
+      var relativeStart = ToInteger(start);
+      var k;
+      if (relativeStart < 0)
+        k = max((len + relativeStart), 0);
+      else
+        k = min(relativeStart, len);
+      var relativeEnd;
+      if (end === undefined)
+        relativeEnd = len;
+      else
+        relativeEnd = ToInteger(end);
+      var final;
+      if (relativeEnd < 0)
+        final = max((len + relativeEnd), 0);
+      else
+        final = min(relativeEnd, len);
+      while (k < final) {
+        var pk = String(k);
+        o[pk] = value;
+        k += 1;
+      }
+      return o;
+    });
 
-// (public) this / a
-function bnDivide(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.divRemTo(a, r, null)
-  return r
-}
+  // 22.1.3.7 Array.prototype.filter ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+
+  // 22.1.3.8 Array.prototype.find ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )
+  define(
+    Array.prototype, 'find',
+    function find(predicate) {
+      var o = ToObject(this);
+      var lenValue = o.length;
+      var len = ToInteger(lenValue);
+      if (!IsCallable(predicate)) throw TypeError();
+      var t = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+      var k = 0;
+      while (k < len) {
+        var pk = String(k);
+        var kPresent = HasProperty(o, pk);
+        if (kPresent) {
+          var kValue = o[pk];
+          var testResult = predicate.call(t, kValue, k, o);
+          if (Boolean(testResult)) {
+            return kValue;
+          }
+        }
+        ++k;
+      }
+      return undefined;
+    });
 
-// (public) this % a
-function bnRemainder(a) {
-  var r = new BigInteger()
-  this.divRemTo(a, null, r)
-  return r
-}
+  // 22.1.3.9 Array.prototype.findIndex ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )
+  define(
+    Array.prototype, 'findIndex',
+    function findIndex(predicate) {
+      var o = ToObject(this);
+      var lenValue = o.length;
+      var len = ToLength(lenValue);
+      if (!IsCallable(predicate)) throw TypeError();
+      var t = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+      var k = 0;
+      while (k < len) {
+        var pk = String(k);
+        var kPresent = HasProperty(o, pk);
+        if (kPresent) {
+          var kValue = o[pk];
+          var testResult = predicate.call(t, kValue, k, o);
+          if (Boolean(testResult)) {
+            return k;
+          }
+        }
+        ++k;
+      }
+      return -1;
+    });
 
-// (public) [this/a,this%a]
-function bnDivideAndRemainder(a) {
-  var q = new BigInteger(),
-    r = new BigInteger()
-  this.divRemTo(a, q, r)
-  return new Array(q, r)
-}
+  // 22.1.3.10 Array.prototype.forEach ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+  // 22.1.3.11 Array.prototype.indexOf ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )
+  // 22.1.3.12 Array.prototype.join (separator)
+
+  // 22.1.3.13 Array.prototype.keys ( )
+  define(
+    Array.prototype, 'keys',
+    function keys() {
+      return CreateArrayIterator(this, 'key');
+    }, !nativeArrayIteratorMethods);
+
+  // 22.1.3.14 Array.prototype.lastIndexOf ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )
+  // 22.1.3.15 Array.prototype.map ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+  // 22.1.3.16 Array.prototype.pop ( )
+  // 22.1.3.17 Array.prototype.push ( ...items )
+  // 22.1.3.18 Array.prototype.reduce ( callbackfn [ , initialValue ] )
+  // 22.1.3.19 Array.prototype.reduceRight ( callbackfn [ , initialValue ] )
+  // 22.1.3.20 Array.prototype.reverse ( )
+  // 22.1.3.21 Array.prototype.shift ( )
+  // 22.1.3.22 Array.prototype.slice (start, end)
+  // 22.1.3.23 Array.prototype.some ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+  // 22.1.3.24 Array.prototype.sort (comparefn)
+  // 22.1.3.25 Array.prototype.splice (start, deleteCount , ...items )
+  // 22.1.3.26 Array.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )
+  // 22.1.3.27 Array.prototype.toString ( )
+  // 22.1.3.28 Array.prototype.unshift ( ...items )
+
+  // 22.1.3.29 Array.prototype.values ( )
+  define(
+    Array.prototype, 'values',
+    function values() {
+      return CreateArrayIterator(this, 'value');
+    }, !nativeArrayIteratorMethods);
+
+  // 22.1.3.30 Array.prototype [ @@iterator ] ( )
+  define(
+    Array.prototype, $$iterator,
+    Array.prototype.values
+    );
+
+  // 22.1.3.31 Array.prototype [ @@unscopables ]
+  // 22.1.4 Properties of Array Instances
+  // 22.1.4.1 length
+
+  // 22.1.5 Array Iterator Objects
+  function ArrayIterator() {}
+
+  // 22.1.5.1 CreateArrayIterator Abstract Operation
+  function CreateArrayIterator(array, kind) {
+    var o = ToObject(array);
+    var iterator = new ArrayIterator;
+    set_internal(iterator, '[[IteratedObject]]', o);
+    set_internal(iterator, '[[ArrayIteratorNextIndex]]', 0);
+    set_internal(iterator, '[[ArrayIterationKind]]', kind);
+    return iterator;
+  }
+
+  // 22.1.5.2 The %ArrayIteratorPrototype% Object
+  var $ArrayIteratorPrototype$ = Object.create($IteratorPrototype$);
+  ArrayIterator.prototype = $ArrayIteratorPrototype$;
+
+  // 22.1.5.2.1 %ArrayIteratorPrototype%. next( )
+  define(
+    $ArrayIteratorPrototype$, 'next',
+    function next() {
+      var o = strict(this);
+      if (Type(o) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+      var a = o['[[IteratedObject]]'],
+          index = o['[[ArrayIteratorNextIndex]]'],
+          itemKind = o['[[ArrayIterationKind]]'],
+          lenValue = a.length,
+          len = ToUint32(lenValue),
+          elementKey,
+          elementValue;
+      if (itemKind.indexOf('sparse') !== -1) {
+        var found = false;
+        while (!found && index < len) {
+          elementKey = String(index);
+          found = HasProperty(a, elementKey);
+          if (!found) {
+            index += 1;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (index >= len) {
+        set_internal(o, '[[ArrayIteratorNextIndex]]', Infinity);
+        return CreateIterResultObject(undefined, true);
+      }
+      elementKey = index;
+      set_internal(o, '[[ArrayIteratorNextIndex]]', index + 1);
+      if (itemKind.indexOf('value') !== -1)
+        elementValue = a[elementKey];
+      if (itemKind.indexOf('key+value') !== -1)
+        return CreateIterResultObject([elementKey, elementValue], false);
+      if (itemKind.indexOf('key') !== -1)
+        return CreateIterResultObject(elementKey, false);
+      if (itemKind === 'value')
+        return CreateIterResultObject(elementValue, false);
+      throw Error('Internal error');
+    });
 
-// (protected) this *= n, this >= 0, 1 < n < DV
-function bnpDMultiply(n) {
-  this[this.t] = this.am(0, n - 1, this, 0, 0, this.t)
-  ++this.t
-  this.clamp()
-}
+  // 22.1.5.2.2 %ArrayIteratorPrototype% [ @@toStringTag ]
+  define($ArrayIteratorPrototype$, $$toStringTag, 'Array Iterator');
+
+  // 22.1.5.3 Properties of Array Iterator Instances
+
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 22.2 TypedArray Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // See typedarray.js for TypedArray polyfill
+
+  ['Int8Array', 'Uint8Array', 'Uint8ClampedArray',
+   'Int16Array', 'Uint16Array',
+   'Int32Array', 'Uint32Array',
+   'Float32Array', 'Float64Array'].forEach(function ($TypedArrayName$) {
+     if (!($TypedArrayName$ in global))
+       return;
+     var $TypedArray$ = global[$TypedArrayName$];
+
+     // 22.2.1 The %TypedArray% Intrinsic Object
+     // 22.2.1.1 %TypedArray% ( length )
+     // 22.2.1.2 %TypedArray% ( typedArray )
+     // 22.2.1.3 %TypedArray% ( object )
+     // 22.2.1.4 %TypedArray% ( buffer [ , byteOffset [ , length ] ] )
+     // 22.2.1.5 %TypedArray% ( all other argument combinations )
+     // 22.2.2 Properties of the %TypedArray% Intrinsic Object
+
+     // 22.2.2.1 %TypedArray%.from ( source [ , mapfn [ , thisArg ] ] )
+     define(
+       $TypedArray$, 'from',
+       function from(source) {
+         var mapfn = arguments[1];
+         var thisArg = arguments[2];
+
+         var c = strict(this);
+         if (!IsConstructor(c)) throw TypeError();
+         if (mapfn === undefined) {
+           var mapping = false;
+         } else {
+           if (IsCallable(mapfn)) throw TypeError();
+           var t = thisArg;
+           mapping = true;
+         }
+         var usingIterator = GetMethod(source, $$iterator);
+         if (usingIterator !== undefined) {
+           var iterator = GetIterator(source, usingIterator);
+           var values = [];
+           var next = true;
+           while (next !== false) {
+             next = IteratorStep(iterator);
+             if (next !== false) {
+               var nextValue = IteratorValue(next);
+               values.push(nextValue);
+             }
+           }
+           var len = values.length;
+           var newObj = new c(len);
+           var k = 0;
+           while (k < len) {
+             var kValue = values.shift();
+             if (mapping) {
+               var mappedValue = mapfn.call(t, kValue);
+             } else {
+               mappedValue = kValue;
+             }
+             newObj[k] = mappedValue;
+             ++k;
+           }
+           console.assert(values.length === 0);
+           return newObj;
+         }
+         var arrayLike = ToObject(source);
+         var lenValue = arrayLike.length;
+         len = ToLength(lenValue);
+         newObj = new c(len);
+         k = 0;
+         while (k < len) {
+           kValue = arrayLike[k];
+           if (mapping) {
+             mappedValue = mapfn.call(t, kValue, k);
+           } else {
+             mappedValue = kValue;
+           }
+           newObj[k] = mappedValue;
+           ++k;
+         }
+         return newObj;
+       });
+
+     // 22.2.2.2 %TypedArray%.of ( ...items )
+     define(
+       $TypedArray$, 'of',
+       function of() {
+         var items = arguments;
+
+         var len = items.length;
+         var c = strict(this);
+         var newObj = new c(len);
+         var k = 0;
+         while (k < len) {
+           newObj[k] = items[k];
+           ++k;
+         }
+         return newObj;
+       });
+
+     // 22.2.2.3 %TypedArray%.prototype
+     // 22.2.2.4 get %TypedArray% [ @@species ]
+     // 22.2.3 Properties of the %TypedArrayPrototype% Object
+     // 22.2.3.1 get %TypedArray%.prototype.buffer
+     // 22.2.3.2 get %TypedArray%.prototype.byteLength
+     // 22.2.3.3 get %TypedArray%.prototype.byteOffset
+     // 22.2.3.4 %TypedArray%.prototype.constructor
+
+     // 22.2.3.5 %TypedArray%.prototype.copyWithin (target, start [, end ] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'copyWithin', Array.prototype.copyWithin);
+
+     // 22.2.3.6 %TypedArray%.prototype.entries ( )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'entries', Array.prototype.entries);
+
+     // 22.2.3.7 %TypedArray%.prototype.every ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'every', Array.prototype.every);
+
+     // 22.2.3.8 %TypedArray%.prototype.fill (value [ , start [ , end ] ] )
+     define(
+       $TypedArray$.prototype, 'fill',
+       //Array.prototype.fill // Doesn't work in Safari 7
+       function fill(value/*, start, end*/) {
+         var start = arguments[1],
+             end = arguments[2];
+
+         var o = ToObject(this);
+         var lenVal = o.length;
+         var len = ToLength(lenVal);
+         len = max(len, 0);
+         var relativeStart = ToInteger(start);
+         var k;
+         if (relativeStart < 0) k = max((len + relativeStart), 0);
+         else k = min(relativeStart, len);
+         var relativeEnd;
+         if (end === undefined) relativeEnd = len;
+         else relativeEnd = ToInteger(end);
+         var final;
+         if (relativeEnd < 0) final = max((len + relativeEnd), 0);
+         else final = min(relativeEnd, len);
+         while (k < final) {
+           var pk = String(k);
+           o[pk] = value;
+           k += 1;
+         }
+         return o;
+       });
+
+     // 22.2.3.9 %TypedArray%.prototype.filter ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+     define(
+       $TypedArray$.prototype, 'filter',
+       function filter(callbackfn) {
+         var thisArg = arguments[1];
+
+         var o = ToObject(this);
+         var lenVal = o.length;
+         var len = ToLength(lenVal);
+         if (!IsCallable(callbackfn)) throw TypeError();
+         var t = thisArg;
+         var c = o.constructor;
+         var kept = [];
+         var k = 0;
+         var captured = 0;
+         while (k < len) {
+           var kValue = o[k];
+           var selected = callbackfn.call(t, kValue, k, o);
+           if (selected) {
+             kept.push(kValue);
+             ++captured;
+           }
+           ++k;
+         }
+         var a = new c(captured);
+         var n = 0;
+         for (var i = 0; i < kept.length; ++i) {
+           var e = kept[i];
+           a[n] = e;
+           ++n;
+         }
+         return a;
+       });
+
+     // 22.2.3.10 %TypedArray%.prototype.find (predicate [ , thisArg ] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'find', Array.prototype.find);
+
+     // 22.2.3.11 %TypedArray%.prototype.findIndex ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'findIndex', Array.prototype.findIndex);
+
+     // 22.2.3.12 %TypedArray%.prototype.forEach ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'forEach', Array.prototype.forEach);
+
+     // 22.2.3.13 %TypedArray%.prototype.indexOf (searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'indexOf', Array.prototype.indexOf);
+
+     // 22.2.3.14 %TypedArray%.prototype.join ( separator )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'join', Array.prototype.join);
+
+     // 22.2.3.15 %TypedArray%.prototype.keys ( )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'keys', Array.prototype.keys);
+
+     // 22.2.3.16 %TypedArray%.prototype.lastIndexOf ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'lastIndexOf', Array.prototype.lastIndexOf);
+
+     // 22.2.3.17 get %TypedArray%.prototype.length
+
+     // 22.2.3.18 %TypedArray%.prototype.map ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+     define(
+       $TypedArray$.prototype, 'map',
+       function map(callbackfn) {
+         var thisArg = arguments[1];
+
+         var o = ToObject(this);
+         var lenValue = o.length;
+         var len = ToLength(lenValue);
+         if (!IsCallable(callbackfn)) throw TypeError();
+         var t = thisArg;
+         var a = undefined;
+         var c = o.constructor;
+         if (IsConstructor(c))
+           a = new c(len);
+         if (a === undefined)
+           a = new Array(len);
+         var k = 0;
+         while (k < len) {
+           var kPresent = HasProperty(o, k);
+           if (kPresent) {
+             var kValue = o[k];
+             var mappedValue = callbackfn.call(t, kValue, k, o);
+             a[k] = mappedValue;
+           }
+           ++k;
+         }
+         return a;
+       });
+
+     // 22.2.3.19 %TypedArray%.prototype.reduce ( callbackfn [, initialValue] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'reduce', Array.prototype.reduce);
+
+     // 22.2.3.20 %TypedArray%.prototype.reduceRight ( callbackfn [, initialValue] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'reduceRight', Array.prototype.reduceRight);
+
+     // 22.2.3.21 %TypedArray%.prototype.reverse ( )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'reverse', Array.prototype.reverse);
+
+     // 22.2.3.22 %TypedArray%.prototype.set ( overloaded [ , offset ])
+     // 22.2.3.22.1 %TypedArray%.prototype.set (array [ , offset ] )
+     // 22.2.3.22.2 %TypedArray%.prototype.set(typedArray [, offset ] )
+
+     // 22.2.3.23 %TypedArray%.prototype.slice ( start, end )
+     define(
+       $TypedArray$.prototype, 'slice',
+       function slice(start, end) {
+         var o = ToObject(this);
+         var lenVal = o.length;
+         var len = ToLength(lenVal);
+         var relativeStart = ToInteger(start);
+         var k = (relativeStart < 0) ? max(len + relativeStart, 0) : min(relativeStart, len);
+         var relativeEnd = (end === undefined) ? len : ToInteger(end);
+         var final = (relativeEnd < 0) ? max(len + relativeEnd, 0) : min(relativeEnd, len);
+         var count = final - k;
+         var c = o.constructor;
+         if (IsConstructor(c)) {
+           var a = new c(count);
+         } else {
+           throw TypeError();
+         }
+         var n = 0;
+         while (k < final) {
+           var kValue = o[k];
+           a[n] = kValue;
+           ++k;
+           ++n;
+         }
+         return a;
+       });
+
+     // 22.2.3.24 %TypedArray%.prototype.some ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'some', Array.prototype.some);
+
+     // 22.2.3.25 %TypedArray%.prototype.sort ( comparefn )
+     define(
+       $TypedArray$.prototype, 'sort',
+       function sort() {
+         var comparefn = arguments[0];
+
+         function sortCompare(x, y) {
+           console.assert(Type(x) === 'number' && Type(y) === 'number');
+           if (x !== x && y !== y) return +0;
+           if (x !== x) return 1;
+           if (y !== y) return -1;
+           if (comparefn !== undefined) {
+             return comparefn(x, y);
+           }
+           if (x < y) return -1;
+           if (x > y) return 1;
+           return +0;
+         }
+         return Array.prototype.sort.call(this, sortCompare);
+       });
+
+     // 22.2.3.26 %TypedArray%.prototype.subarray( [ begin [ , end ] ] )
+     // 22.2.3.27 %TypedArray%.prototype.toLocaleString ([ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ])
+     // 22.2.3.28 %TypedArray%.prototype.toString ( )
+
+     // 22.2.3.29 %TypedArray%.prototype.values ( )
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, 'values', Array.prototype.values);
+
+     // 22.2.3.30 %TypedArray%.prototype [ @@iterator ] ( )
+     define(
+       $TypedArray$.prototype, $$iterator,
+       $TypedArray$.prototype.values
+     );
+
+     // 22.2.3.31 get %TypedArray%.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+     define($TypedArray$.prototype, $$toStringTag, $TypedArrayName$);
+
+     // 22.2.4 The TypedArray Constructors
+     // 22.2.4.1TypedArray( ... argumentsList)
+     // 22.2.5 Properties of the TypedArray Constructors
+     // 22.2.5.1 TypedArray.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT
+     // 22.2.5.2 TypedArray.prototype
+     // 22.2.6 Properties of TypedArray Prototype Objects
+     // 22.2.6.1 TypedArray.prototype.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT
+     // 22.2.6.2 TypedArray.prototype.constructor
+     // 22.2.7 Properties of TypedArray Instances
+   });
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 23 Keyed Collection
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 23.1 Map Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  (function() {
+    // 23.1.1 The Map Constructor
+
+    // 23.1.1.1 Map ( [ iterable ] )
+    /** @constructor */
+    function Map(/*iterable*/) {
+      var map = strict(this);
+      var iterable = arguments[0];
+
+      if (Type(map) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+      if ('[[MapData]]' in map) throw TypeError();
+
+      if (iterable !== undefined) {
+        var adder = map['set'];
+        if (!IsCallable(adder)) throw TypeError();
+        var iter = GetIterator(ToObject(iterable));
+      }
+      set_internal(map, '[[MapData]]', { keys: [], values: [] });
+      if (iter === undefined) return map;
+      while (true) {
+        var next = IteratorStep(iter);
+        if (next === false)
+          return map;
+        var nextItem = IteratorValue(next);
+        if (Type(nextItem) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        var k = nextItem[0];
+        var v = nextItem[1];
+        adder.call(map, k, v);
+      }
 
-// (protected) this += n << w words, this >= 0
-function bnpDAddOffset(n, w) {
-  if (n == 0) return
-  while (this.t <= w) this[this.t++] = 0
-  this[w] += n
-  while (this[w] >= this.DV) {
-    this[w] -= this.DV
-    if (++w >= this.t) this[this.t++] = 0
-    ++this[w]
-  }
-}
+      return map;
+    }
+
+    if (!('Map' in global) || OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING ||
+        (function() { try { new global.Map([]); return false; } catch (_) { return true; } }()) ||
+        (function() { try { return !new global.Map().entries().next; } catch (_) { return true; } }()) ||
+        (new global.Map([['a', 1]]).size !== 1))
+      global.Map = Map;
+
+
+    function MapDataIndexOf(mapData, key) {
+      var i;
+      if (key === key) return mapData.keys.indexOf(key);
+      // Slow case for NaN
+      for (i = 0; i < mapData.keys.length; i += 1)
+        if (SameValueZero(mapData.keys[i], key)) return i;
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+    // 23.1.1.2 new Map ( ... argumentsList )
+    // 23.1.2 Properties of the Map Constructor
+    // 23.1.2.1 Map.prototype
+    var $MapPrototype$ = {};
+    Map.prototype = $MapPrototype$;
+
+    // 23.1.2.2 get Map [ @@species ]
+
+    // 23.1.3 Properties of the Map Prototype Object
+    // 23.1.3.1 Map.prototype.clear ()
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'clear',
+      function clear() {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[MapData]]' in m)) throw TypeError();
+        if (m['[[MapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = m['[[MapData]]'];
+        entries.keys.length = 0;
+        entries.values.length = 0;
+        return undefined;
+      });
 
-// A "null" reducer
-function NullExp() {}
+    // 23.1.3.2 Map.prototype.constructor
+
+    // 23.1.3.3 Map.prototype.delete ( key )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'delete',
+      function delete_(key) {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[MapData]]' in m)) throw TypeError();
+        if (m['[[MapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = m['[[MapData]]'];
+        var i = MapDataIndexOf(entries, key);
+        if (i < 0) return false;
+        entries.keys[i] = empty;
+        entries.values[i] = empty;
+        return true;
+      });
 
-function nNop(x) {
-  return x
-}
+    // 23.1.3.4 Map.prototype.entries ( )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'entries',
+      function entries() {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        return CreateMapIterator(m, 'key+value');
+      });
 
-function nMulTo(x, y, r) {
-  x.multiplyTo(y, r)
-}
+    // 23.1.3.5 Map.prototype.forEach ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'forEach',
+      function forEach(callbackfn /*, thisArg*/) {
+        var thisArg = arguments[1];
 
-function nSqrTo(x, r) {
-  x.squareTo(r)
-}
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[MapData]]' in m)) throw TypeError();
+        if (m['[[MapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = m['[[MapData]]'];
 
-NullExp.prototype.convert = nNop
-NullExp.prototype.revert = nNop
-NullExp.prototype.mulTo = nMulTo
-NullExp.prototype.sqrTo = nSqrTo
+        if (!IsCallable(callbackfn)) {
+          throw TypeError('First argument to forEach is not callable.');
+        }
+        for (var i = 0; i < entries.keys.length; ++i) {
+          if (entries.keys[i] !== empty) {
+            callbackfn.call(thisArg, entries.values[i], entries.keys[i], m);
+          }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+      });
 
-// (public) this^e
-function bnPow(e) {
-  return this.exp(e, new NullExp())
-}
+    // 23.1.3.6 Map.prototype.get ( key )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'get',
+      function get(key) {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[MapData]]' in m)) throw TypeError();
+        if (m['[[MapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = m['[[MapData]]'];
+        var i = MapDataIndexOf(entries, key);
+        if (i >= 0) return entries.values[i];
+        return undefined;
+      });
 
-// (protected) r = lower n words of "this * a", a.t <= n
-// "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
-function bnpMultiplyLowerTo(a, n, r) {
-  var i = Math.min(this.t + a.t, n)
-  r.s = 0; // assumes a,this >= 0
-  r.t = i
-  while (i > 0) r[--i] = 0
-  var j
-  for (j = r.t - this.t; i < j; ++i) r[i + this.t] = this.am(0, a[i], r, i, 0, this.t)
-  for (j = Math.min(a.t, n); i < j; ++i) this.am(0, a[i], r, i, 0, n - i)
-  r.clamp()
-}
+    // 23.1.3.7 Map.prototype.has ( key )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'has',
+      function has(key) {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[MapData]]' in m)) throw TypeError();
+        if (m['[[MapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = m['[[MapData]]'];
+        if (MapDataIndexOf(entries, key) >= 0) return true;
+        return false;
+      });
 
-// (protected) r = "this * a" without lower n words, n > 0
-// "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
-function bnpMultiplyUpperTo(a, n, r) {
-  --n
-  var i = r.t = this.t + a.t - n
-  r.s = 0; // assumes a,this >= 0
-  while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0
-  for (i = Math.max(n - this.t, 0); i < a.t; ++i)
-    r[this.t + i - n] = this.am(n - i, a[i], r, 0, 0, this.t + i - n)
-  r.clamp()
-  r.drShiftTo(1, r)
-}
+    // 23.1.3.8 Map.prototype.keys ( )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'keys',
+      function keys() {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        return CreateMapIterator(m, 'key');
+      });
 
-// Barrett modular reduction
-function Barrett(m) {
-  // setup Barrett
-  this.r2 = new BigInteger()
-  this.q3 = new BigInteger()
-  BigInteger.ONE.dlShiftTo(2 * m.t, this.r2)
-  this.mu = this.r2.divide(m)
-  this.m = m
-}
+    // 23.1.3.9 Map.prototype.set ( key , value )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'set',
+      function set(key, value) {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[MapData]]' in m)) throw TypeError();
+        if (m['[[MapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = m['[[MapData]]'];
+        var i = MapDataIndexOf(entries, key);
+        if (i < 0) i = entries.keys.length;
+        if (SameValue(key, -0)) key = 0;
+        entries.keys[i] = key;
+        entries.values[i] = value;
+        return m;
+      });
 
-function barrettConvert(x) {
-  if (x.s < 0 || x.t > 2 * this.m.t) return x.mod(this.m)
-  else if (x.compareTo(this.m) < 0) return x
-  else {
-    var r = new BigInteger()
-    x.copyTo(r)
-    this.reduce(r)
-    return r
-  }
-}
+    // 23.1.3.10 get Map.prototype.size
+    Object.defineProperty(
+      Map.prototype, 'size', {
+        get: function() {
+          var m = strict(this);
+          if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+          if (!('[[MapData]]' in m)) throw TypeError();
+          if (m['[[MapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+          var entries = m['[[MapData]]'];
+          var count = 0;
+          for (var i = 0; i < entries.keys.length; ++i) {
+            if (entries.keys[i] !== empty)
+              count = count + 1;
+          }
+          return count;
+        }
+      });
 
-function barrettRevert(x) {
-  return x
-}
+    // 23.1.3.11 Map.prototype.values ( )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, 'values',
+      function values() {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        return CreateMapIterator(m, 'value');
+      });
 
-// x = x mod m (HAC 14.42)
-function barrettReduce(x) {
-  var self = this
-  x.drShiftTo(self.m.t - 1, self.r2)
-  if (x.t > self.m.t + 1) {
-    x.t = self.m.t + 1
-    x.clamp()
-  }
-  self.mu.multiplyUpperTo(self.r2, self.m.t + 1, self.q3)
-  self.m.multiplyLowerTo(self.q3, self.m.t + 1, self.r2)
-  while (x.compareTo(self.r2) < 0) x.dAddOffset(1, self.m.t + 1)
-  x.subTo(self.r2, x)
-  while (x.compareTo(self.m) >= 0) x.subTo(self.m, x)
-}
+    // 23.1.3.12 Map.prototype [ @@iterator ]( )
+    define(
+      Map.prototype, $$iterator,
+      function() {
+        var m = strict(this);
+        if (Type(m) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        return CreateMapIterator(m, 'key+value');
+      });
 
-// r = x^2 mod m; x != r
-function barrettSqrTo(x, r) {
-  x.squareTo(r)
-  this.reduce(r)
-}
+    // 23.1.3.13 Map.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+    define(global.Map.prototype, $$toStringTag, 'Map');
+
+    // 23.1.4 Properties of Map Instances
+    // 23.1.5 Map Iterator Objects
+
+    /** @constructor */
+    function MapIterator() {}
+
+    // 23.1.5.1 CreateMapIterator Abstract Operation
+    function CreateMapIterator(map, kind) {
+      if (Type(map) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+      if (!('[[MapData]]' in map)) throw TypeError();
+      if (map['[[MapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+      var iterator = new MapIterator;
+      set_internal(iterator, '[[Map]]', map);
+      set_internal(iterator, '[[MapNextIndex]]', 0);
+      set_internal(iterator, '[[MapIterationKind]]', kind);
+      return iterator;
+    }
+
+    // 23.1.5.2 The %MapIteratorPrototype% Object
+    var $MapIteratorPrototype$ = Object.create($IteratorPrototype$);
+    MapIterator.prototype = $MapIteratorPrototype$;
+
+    // 23.1.5.2.1 %MapIteratorPrototype%.next ( )
+    define(
+      $MapIteratorPrototype$, 'next',
+      function next() {
+        var o = strict(this);
+        if (Type(o) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        var m = o['[[Map]]'],
+            index = o['[[MapNextIndex]]'],
+            itemKind = o['[[MapIterationKind]]'],
+            entries = m['[[MapData]]'];
+        while (index < entries.keys.length) {
+          var e = {key: entries.keys[index], value: entries.values[index]};
+          index = index += 1;
+          set_internal(o, '[[MapNextIndex]]', index);
+          if (e.key !== empty) {
+            if (itemKind === 'key') {
+              return CreateIterResultObject(e.key, false);
+            } else if (itemKind === 'value') {
+              return CreateIterResultObject(e.value, false);
+            } else {
+              return CreateIterResultObject([e.key, e.value], false);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        return CreateIterResultObject(undefined, true);
+      });
 
-// r = x*y mod m; x,y != r
-function barrettMulTo(x, y, r) {
-  x.multiplyTo(y, r)
-  this.reduce(r)
-}
+    // 23.1.5.2.2 %MapIteratorPrototype% [ @@toStringTag ]
+    define($MapIteratorPrototype$, $$toStringTag, 'Map Iterator');
 
-Barrett.prototype.convert = barrettConvert
-Barrett.prototype.revert = barrettRevert
-Barrett.prototype.reduce = barrettReduce
+    // 23.1.5.3 Properties of Map Iterator Instances
+  }());
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 23.2 Set Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  (function() {
+    // 23.2.1 The Set Constructor
+    // 23.2.1.1 Set ( [ iterable ] )
+
+    /** @constructor */
+    function Set(/*iterable*/) {
+      var set = strict(this);
+      var iterable = arguments[0];
+
+      if (Type(set) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+      if ('[[SetData]]' in set) throw TypeError();
+
+      if (iterable !== undefined) {
+        var adder = set['add'];
+        if (!IsCallable(adder)) throw TypeError();
+        var iter = GetIterator(ToObject(iterable));
+      }
+      set_internal(set, '[[SetData]]', []);
+      if (iter === undefined) return set;
+      while (true) {
+        var next = IteratorStep(iter);
+        if (next === false)
+          return set;
+        var nextValue = IteratorValue(next);
+        adder.call(set, nextValue);
+      }
+
+      return set;
+    }
+
+    if (!('Set' in global) || OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING ||
+        (function() { try { return !new global.Set().entries().next; } catch (_) { return true; } }()) ||
+        (new global.Set([1]).size !== 1))
+      global.Set = Set;
+
+    function SetDataIndexOf(setData, key) {
+      var i;
+      if (key === key)
+        return setData.indexOf(key);
+      // Slow case for NaN
+      for (i = 0; i < setData.length; i += 1)
+        if (SameValueZero(setData[i], key)) return i;
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+    // 23.2.1.2 new Set ( ...argumentsList )
+    // 23.2.2 Properties of the Set Constructor
+
+    // 23.2.2.1 Set.prototype
+    var $SetPrototype$ =  {};
+    Set.prototype = $SetPrototype$;
+
+    // 23.2.2.2 get Set [ @@species ]
+    // 23.2.3 Properties of the Set Prototype Object
+
+    // 23.2.3.1 Set.prototype.add (value )
+    define(
+      Set.prototype, 'add',
+      function add(value) {
+        var s = strict(this);
+        if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[SetData]]' in s)) throw TypeError();
+        if (s['[[SetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (SameValue(value, -0)) value = 0;
+        var entries = s['[[SetData]]'];
+        var i = SetDataIndexOf(entries, value);
+        if (i < 0) i = s['[[SetData]]'].length;
+        s['[[SetData]]'][i] = value;
+
+        return s;
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.3.2 Set.prototype.clear ()
+    define(
+      Set.prototype, 'clear',
+      function clear() {
+        var s = strict(this);
+        if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[SetData]]' in s)) throw TypeError();
+        if (s['[[SetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = s['[[SetData]]'];
+        entries.length = 0;
+        return undefined;
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.3.3 Set.prototype.constructor
+    // 23.2.3.4 Set.prototype.delete ( value )
+    define(
+      Set.prototype, 'delete',
+      function delete_(value) {
+        var s = strict(this);
+        if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[SetData]]' in s)) throw TypeError();
+        if (s['[[SetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = s['[[SetData]]'];
+        var i = SetDataIndexOf(entries, value);
+        if (i < 0) return false;
+        entries[i] = empty;
+        return true;
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.3.5 Set.prototype.entries ( )
+    define(
+      Set.prototype, 'entries',
+      function entries() {
+        var s = strict(this);
+        if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        return CreateSetIterator(s, 'key+value');
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.3.6 Set.prototype.forEach ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )
+    define(
+      Set.prototype, 'forEach',
+      function forEach(callbackfn/*, thisArg*/) {
+        var thisArg = arguments[1];
+
+        var s = strict(this);
+        if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[SetData]]' in s)) throw TypeError();
+        if (s['[[SetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = s['[[SetData]]'];
+
+        if (!IsCallable(callbackfn)) {
+          throw TypeError('First argument to forEach is not callable.');
+        }
+        for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
+          if (entries[i] !== empty) {
+            callbackfn.call(thisArg, entries[i], entries[i], s);
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.3.7 Set.prototype.has ( value )
+    define(
+      Set.prototype, 'has',
+      function has(key) {
+        var s = strict(this);
+        if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (!('[[SetData]]' in s)) throw TypeError();
+        if (s['[[SetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        var entries = s['[[SetData]]'];
+        return SetDataIndexOf(entries, key) !== -1;
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.3.8 Set.prototype.keys ( )
+    // See Set.prototype.values
+
+    // 23.2.3.9 get Set.prototype.size
+    Object.defineProperty(
+      Set.prototype, 'size', {
+        get: function() {
+          var s = strict(this);
+          if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+          if (!('[[SetData]]' in s)) throw TypeError();
+          if (s['[[SetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+          var entries = s['[[SetData]]'];
+          var count = 0;
+          for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
+            if (entries[i] !== empty)
+              count = count + 1;
+          }
+          return count;
+        }
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.3.10 Set.prototype.values ( )
+    define(
+      Set.prototype, 'values',
+      function values() {
+        var s = strict(this);
+        if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        return CreateSetIterator(s, 'value');
+      });
+    // NOTE: function name is still 'values':
+    Set.prototype.keys = Set.prototype.values;
+
+    // 23.2.3.11 Set.prototype [@@iterator ] ( )
+    define(
+      Set.prototype, $$iterator,
+      function() {
+        var s = strict(this);
+        if (Type(s) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        return CreateSetIterator(s);
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.3.12 Set.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+    define(global.Set.prototype, $$toStringTag, 'Set');
+
+    // 23.2.4 Properties of Set Instances
+    // 23.2.5 Set Iterator Objects
+    /** @constructor */
+    function SetIterator() {}
+
+    // 23.2.5.1 CreateSetIterator Abstract Operation
+    function CreateSetIterator(set, kind) {
+      if (Type(set) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+      if (!('[[SetData]]' in set)) throw TypeError();
+      if (set['[[SetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+      var iterator = new SetIterator;
+      set_internal(iterator, '[[IteratedSet]]', set);
+      set_internal(iterator, '[[SetNextIndex]]', 0);
+      set_internal(iterator, '[[SetIterationKind]]', kind);
+      return iterator;
+    }
+
+    // 23.2.5.2 The %SetIteratorPrototype% Object
+    var $SetIteratorPrototype$ = Object.create($IteratorPrototype$);
+    SetIterator.prototype = $SetIteratorPrototype$;
+
+    // 23.2.5.2.1 %SetIteratorPrototype%.next( )
+    define(
+      $SetIteratorPrototype$, 'next',
+      function next() {
+        var o = strict(this);
+        if (Type(o) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        var s = o['[[IteratedSet]]'],
+            index = o['[[SetNextIndex]]'],
+            itemKind = o['[[SetIterationKind]]'],
+            entries = s['[[SetData]]'];
+        while (index < entries.length) {
+          var e = entries[index];
+          index = index += 1;
+          set_internal(o, '[[SetNextIndex]]', index);
+          if (e !== empty) {
+            if (itemKind === 'key+value')
+              return CreateIterResultObject([e, e], false);
+            return CreateIterResultObject(e, false);
+          }
+        }
+        return CreateIterResultObject(undefined, true);
+      });
+
+    // 23.2.5.2.2 %SetIteratorPrototype% [ @@toStringTag ]
+    define($SetIteratorPrototype$, $$toStringTag, 'Set Iterator');
+
+    // 23.2.5.3 Properties of Set Iterator Instances
+
+  }());
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 23.3 WeakMap Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  (function() {
+    // 23.3.1 The WeakMap Constructor
+    // 23.3.1.1 WeakMap ( [ iterable ] )
+    /** @constructor */
+    function WeakMap(/*iterable*/) {
+      var map = strict(this);
+      var iterable = arguments[0];
+
+      if (Type(map) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+      if ('[[WeakMapData]]' in map) throw TypeError();
+
+      if (iterable !== undefined) {
+        var adder = map['set'];
+        if (!IsCallable(adder)) throw TypeError();
+        var iter = GetIterator(ToObject(iterable));
+      }
+      set_internal(map, '[[WeakMapData]]', new EphemeronTable);
+      if (iter === undefined) return map;
+      while (true) {
+        var next = IteratorStep(iter);
+        if (next === false)
+          return map;
+        var nextValue = IteratorValue(next);
+        if (Type(nextValue) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        var k = nextValue[0];
+        var v = nextValue[1];
+        adder.call(map, k, v);
+      }
+
+      return map;
+    }
+
+    if (!('WeakMap' in global) || OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING)
+      global.WeakMap = WeakMap;
+
+    // 23.3.2 Properties of the WeakMap Constructor
+    // 23.3.2.1 WeakMap.prototype
+    var $WeakMapPrototype$ = {};
+    WeakMap.prototype = $WeakMapPrototype$;
+
+
+
+   // 23.3.2.2 WeakMap[ @@create ] ( )
+    // 23.3.3 Properties of the WeakMap Prototype Object
+
+    // 23.3.3.1 WeakMap.prototype.constructor
+
+    // 23.3.3.2 WeakMap.prototype.delete ( key )
+    define(
+      WeakMap.prototype, 'delete',
+      function delete_(key) {
+        var M = strict(this);
+        if (Type(M) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (M['[[WeakMapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (Type(key) !== 'object') throw TypeError('Expected object');
+        return M['[[WeakMapData]]'].remove(key);
+      });
+
+    // 23.3.3.3 WeakMap.prototype.get ( key )
+    define(
+      WeakMap.prototype, 'get',
+      function get(key, defaultValue) {
+        var M = strict(this);
+        if (Type(M) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (M['[[WeakMapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (Type(key) !== 'object') throw TypeError('Expected object');
+        return M['[[WeakMapData]]'].get(key, defaultValue);
+      });
+
+    // 23.3.3.4 WeakMap.prototype.has ( key )
+    define(
+      WeakMap.prototype, 'has',
+      function has(key) {
+        var M = strict(this);
+        if (Type(M) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (M['[[WeakMapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (Type(key) !== 'object') throw TypeError('Expected object');
+        return M['[[WeakMapData]]'].has(key);
+      });
+
+    // 23.3.3.5 WeakMap.prototype.set ( key , value )
+    define(
+      WeakMap.prototype, 'set',
+      function set(key, value) {
+        var M = strict(this);
+        if (Type(M) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (M['[[WeakMapData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (Type(key) !== 'object') throw TypeError('Expected object');
+        M['[[WeakMapData]]'].set(key, value);
+        return M;
+      });
+
+    // 23.3.3.6 WeakMap.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+    define(global.WeakMap.prototype, $$toStringTag, 'WeakMap');
+
+    // 23.3.4 Properties of WeakMap Instances
+
+    // Polyfills for incomplete native implementations:
+    (function() {
+      var wm = new global.WeakMap();
+      var orig = global.WeakMap.prototype.set;
+      define(global.WeakMap.prototype, 'set', function set() {
+        orig.apply(this, arguments);
+        return this;
+      }, wm.set({}, 0) !== wm);
+    }());
+  }());
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 23.4 WeakSet Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  (function() {
+    // 23.4.1 The WeakSet Constructor
+    // 23.4.1.1 WeakSet ( [ iterable ] )
+    /** @constructor */
+    function WeakSet(/*iterable*/) {
+      var set = strict(this);
+      var iterable = arguments[0];
+
+      if (Type(set) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+      if ('[[WeakSetData]]' in set) throw TypeError();
+
+      if (iterable !== undefined) {
+        var adder = set['add'];
+        if (!IsCallable(adder)) throw TypeError();
+        var iter = GetIterator(ToObject(iterable));
+      }
+      set_internal(set, '[[WeakSetData]]', new EphemeronTable);
+      if (iter === undefined) return set;
+      while (true) {
+        var next = IteratorStep(iter);
+        if (next === false)
+          return set;
+        var nextValue = IteratorValue(next);
+        adder.call(set, nextValue);
+      }
+
+      return set;
+    }
+
+    if (!('WeakSet' in global) || OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING)
+      global.WeakSet = WeakSet;
+
+    // 23.4.2 Properties of the WeakSet Constructor
+    // 23.4.2.1 WeakSet.prototype
+    var $WeakSetPrototype$ = {};
+    WeakSet.prototype = $WeakSetPrototype$;
+
+    // 23.4.3 Properties of the WeakSet Prototype Object
+    // 23.4.3.1 WeakSet.prototype.add (value )
+    define(
+      WeakSet.prototype, 'add',
+      function add(value) {
+        var S = strict(this);
+        if (Type(S) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (S['[[WeakSetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (Type(value) !== 'object') throw TypeError('Expected object');
+        S['[[WeakSetData]]'].set(value, true);
+        return S;
+      });
+
+    // 23.4.3.2 WeakSet.prototype.constructor
+    // 23.4.3.3 WeakSet.prototype.delete ( value )
+    define(
+      WeakSet.prototype, 'delete',
+      function delete_(value) {
+        var S = strict(this);
+        if (Type(S) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (S['[[WeakSetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (Type(value) !== 'object') throw TypeError('Expected object');
+        return S['[[WeakSetData]]'].remove(value);
+      });
+
+    // 23.4.3.4 WeakSet.prototype.has ( value )
+    define(
+      WeakSet.prototype, 'has',
+      function has(key) {
+        var S = strict(this);
+        if (Type(S) !== 'object') throw TypeError();
+        if (S['[[WeakSetData]]'] === undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (Type(key) !== 'object') throw TypeError('Expected object');
+        return S['[[WeakSetData]]'].has(key);
+      });
+
+    // 23.4.3.5 WeakSet.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+    define(global.WeakSet.prototype, $$toStringTag, 'WeakSet');
+
+    // 23.4.4 Properties of WeakSet Instances
+
+    // Polyfills for incomplete native implementations:
+    (function() {
+      var ws = new global.WeakSet();
+      var orig = global.WeakSet.prototype.add;
+      define(global.WeakSet.prototype, 'add', function add() {
+        orig.apply(this, arguments);
+        return this;
+      }, ws.add({}) !== ws);
+    }());
+  }());
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 24 Structured Data
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 24.1 ArrayBuffer Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // See typedarray.js for TypedArray polyfill
+
+  (function() {
+    if (!('ArrayBuffer' in global))
+      return;
+
+    // 24.1.1 Abstract Operations For ArrayBuffer Objects
+    // 24.1.1.1 AllocateArrayBuffer( constructor, byteLength )
+    // 24.1.1.2 IsDetachedBuffer( arrayBuffer )
+    // 24.1.1.3 DetachArrayBuffer( arrayBuffer )
+    // 24.1.1.4 CloneArrayBuffer( srcBuffer, srcByteOffset [, cloneConstructor] )
+    // 24.1.1.5 GetValueFromBuffer ( arrayBuffer, byteIndex, type, isLittleEndian )
+    // 24.1.1.6 SetValueInBuffer ( arrayBuffer, byteIndex, type, value, isLittleEndian )
+    // 24.1.2 The ArrayBuffer Constructor
+    // 24.1.2.1 ArrayBuffer( length )
+    // 24.1.3 Properties of the ArrayBuffer Constructor
+
+    // 24.1.3.1 ArrayBuffer.isView ( arg )
+    define(
+      ArrayBuffer, 'isView',
+      function isView(arg) {
+        if (Type(arg) !== 'object') return false;
+        if ('buffer' in arg && arg.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) return true;
+        return false;
+      });
+
+    // 24.1.3.2 ArrayBuffer.prototype
+    // 24.1.3.3 get ArrayBuffer [ @@species ]
+    // 24.1.4 Properties of the ArrayBuffer Prototype Object
+    // 24.1.4.1 get ArrayBuffer.prototype.byteLength
+    // 24.1.4.2 ArrayBuffer.prototype.constructor
+    // 24.1.4.3 ArrayBuffer.prototype.slice ( start , end)
+
+    // 24.1.4.4 ArrayBuffer.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+    define(ArrayBuffer.prototype, $$toStringTag, 'ArrayBuffer');
+
+    // 24.1.5 Properties of the ArrayBuffer Instances
+  }());
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 24.2 DataView Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // See typedarray.js for TypedArray polyfill
+
+  (function() {
+    if (!('DataView' in global))
+      return;
+
+    // 24.2.1 Abstract Operations For DataView Objects
+    // 24.2.1.1 GetViewValue(view, requestIndex, isLittleEndian, type)
+    // 24.2.1.2 SetViewValue(view, requestIndex, isLittleEndian, type, value)
+    // 24.2.2 The DataView Constructor
+    // 24.2.2.1 DataView (buffer [ , byteOffset [ , byteLength ] ] )
+    // 24.2.3 Properties of the DataView Constructor
+    // 24.2.3.1 DataView.prototype
+    // 24.2.4 Properties of the DataView Prototype Object
+    // 24.2.4.1 get DataView.prototype.buffer
+    // 24.2.4.2 get DataView.prototype.byteLength
+    // 24.2.4.3 get DataView.prototype.byteOffset
+    // 24.2.4.4 DataView.prototype.constructor
+    // 24.2.4.5 DataView.prototype.getFloat32 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.6 DataView.prototype.getFloat64 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.7 DataView.prototype.getInt8 ( byteOffset )
+    // 24.2.4.8 DataView.prototype.getInt16 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.9 DataView.prototype.getInt32 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.10 DataView.prototype.getUint8 ( byteOffset )
+    // 24.2.4.11 DataView.prototype.getUint16 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.12 DataView.prototype.getUint32 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.13 DataView.prototype.setFloat32 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.14 DataView.prototype.setFloat64 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.15 DataView.prototype.setInt8 ( byteOffset, value )
+    // 24.2.4.16 DataView.prototype.setInt16 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.17 DataView.prototype.setInt32 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.18 DataView.prototype.setUint8 ( byteOffset, value )
+    // 24.2.4.19 DataView.prototype.setUint16 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )
+    // 24.2.4.20 DataView.prototype.setUint32 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )
+
+    // 24.2.4.21 DataView.prototype[ @@toStringTag ]
+    define(DataView.prototype, $$toStringTag, 'DataView');
+
+    // 24.2.5 Properties of DataView Instances
+  }());
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 24.3 The JSON Object
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 24.3.1 JSON.parse ( text [ , reviver ] )
+  // 24.3.2 JSON.stringify ( value [ , replacer [ , space ] ] )
+  // 24.3.3 JSON [ @@toStringTag ]
+  define(JSON, $$toStringTag, 'JSON');
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 25.1 Iteration
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // 25.1.1 Common Iteration Interfaces
+  // 25.1.1.1 The Iterable Interface
+  // 25.1.1.2 The Iterator Interface
+  // 25.1.1.3 The IteratorResult Interface
+
+  // 25.1.2 The %IteratorPrototype% Object
+  // Defined earlier, so other prototypes can reference it.
+  // 25.1.2.1 %IteratorPrototype% [ @@iterator ] ( )
+  define($IteratorPrototype$, $$iterator, function() {
+    return this;
+  });
+
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 25.4 Promise Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  (function() {
+    // 25.4 Promise Objects
+
+    // 25.4.1 Promise Abstract Operations
+
+    // 25.4.1.1 PromiseCapability Records
+    // 25.4.1.1.1 IfAbruptRejectPromise ( value, capability )
+
+    function IfAbruptRejectPromise(value, capability) {
+      var rejectResult = capability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+      return capability['[[Promise]]'];
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.2 PromiseReaction Records
+
+    // 25.4.1.3 CreateResolvingFunctions ( promise )
+
+    function CreateResolvingFunctions(promise) {
+      var alreadyResolved = {'[[value]]': false};
+      var resolve = PromiseResolveFunction();
+      set_internal(resolve, '[[Promise]]',  promise);
+      set_internal(resolve, '[[AlreadyResolved]]', alreadyResolved);
+      var reject = PromiseRejectFunction();
+      set_internal(reject, '[[Promise]]', promise);
+      set_internal(reject, '[[AlreadyResolved]]', alreadyResolved);
+      return { '[[Resolve]]': resolve, '[[Reject]]': reject};
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.3.1 Promise Reject Functions
+
+    function PromiseRejectFunction() {
+      var F = function(reason) {
+        console.assert(Type(F['[[Promise]]']) === 'object');
+        var promise = F['[[Promise]]'];
+        var alreadyResolved = F['[[AlreadyResolved]]'];
+        if (alreadyResolved['[[value]]']) return undefined;
+        set_internal(alreadyResolved, '[[value]]', true);
+        return RejectPromise(promise, reason);
+      };
+      return F;
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.3.2 Promise Resolve Functions
+
+    function PromiseResolveFunction() {
+      var F = function(resolution) {
+        console.assert(Type(F['[[Promise]]']) === 'object');
+        var promise = F['[[Promise]]'];
+        var alreadyResolved = F['[[AlreadyResolved]]'];
+        if (alreadyResolved['[[value]]']) return undefined;
+        set_internal(alreadyResolved, '[[value]]', true);
+
+        if (SameValue(resolution, promise))  {
+          var selfResolutionError = TypeError();
+          return RejectPromise(promise, selfResolutionError);
+        }
+        if (Type(resolution) !== 'object')
+          return FulfillPromise(promise, resolution);
+        try {
+          var then = resolution['then'];
+        } catch(then) {
+          return RejectPromise(promise, then);
+        }
+        if (!IsCallable(then))
+          return FulfillPromise(promise, resolution);
+        EnqueueJob('PromiseJobs', PromiseResolveThenableJob, [promise, resolution, then]);
+        return undefined;
+      };
+      return F;
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.4 FulfillPromise ( promise, value )
+
+    function FulfillPromise(promise, value) {
+      console.assert(promise['[[PromiseState]]'] === 'pending');
+      var reactions = promise['[[PromiseFulfillReactions]]'];
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseResult]]', value);
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseFulfillReactions]]', undefined);
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseRejectReactions]]', undefined);
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseState]]', 'fulfilled');
+      return TriggerPromiseReactions(reactions, value);
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.5 NewPromiseCapability ( C )
+
+    function NewPromiseCapability(c) {
+      // To keep Promise hermetic, this doesn't look much like the spec.
+      return CreatePromiseCapabilityRecord(undefined, c);
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.5.1 CreatePromiseCapabilityRecord ( promise, constructor )
+
+    function CreatePromiseCapabilityRecord(promise, constructor) {
+      // To keep Promise hermetic, this doesn't look much like the spec.
+      console.assert(IsConstructor(constructor));
+      var promiseCapability = {};
+      set_internal(promiseCapability, '[[Promise]]', promise);
+      set_internal(promiseCapability, '[[Resolve]]', undefined);
+      set_internal(promiseCapability, '[[Reject]]', undefined);
+      var executor = GetCapabilitiesExecutor();
+      set_internal(executor, '[[Capability]]', promiseCapability);
+
+      // NOTE: Differs from spec; object is constructed here
+      var constructorResult = promise = new constructor(executor);
+      set_internal(promiseCapability, '[[Promise]]', promise);
+
+      if (!IsCallable(promiseCapability['[[Resolve]]'])) throw TypeError();
+      if (!IsCallable(promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'])) throw TypeError();
+      if (Type(constructorResult) === 'object' && !SameValue(promise, constructorResult)) throw TypeError();
+      return promiseCapability;
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.5.2 GetCapabilitiesExecutor Functions
+
+    function GetCapabilitiesExecutor() {
+      var F = function(resolve, reject) {
+        console.assert(F['[[Capability]]']);
+        var promiseCapability = F['[[Capability]]'];
+        if (promiseCapability['[[Resolve]]'] !== undefined) throw TypeError();
+        if (promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'] !== undefined) throw TypeError();
+        set_internal(promiseCapability, '[[Resolve]]', resolve);
+        set_internal(promiseCapability, '[[Reject]]', reject);
+        return undefined;
+      };
+      return F;
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.6 IsPromise ( x )
+
+    function IsPromise(x) {
+      if (Type(x) !== 'object') return false;
+      if (!('[[PromiseState]]' in x)) return false;
+      if (x['[[PromiseState]]'] === undefined) return false;
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.7 RejectPromise ( promise, reason )
+
+    function RejectPromise(promise, reason) {
+      console.assert(promise['[[PromiseState]]'] === 'pending');
+      var reactions = promise['[[PromiseRejectReactions]]'];
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseResult]]', reason);
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseFulfillReactions]]', undefined);
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseRejectReactions]]', undefined);
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseState]]', 'rejected');
+      return TriggerPromiseReactions(reactions, reason);
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.1.8 TriggerPromiseReactions ( reactions, argument )
+
+    function TriggerPromiseReactions(reactions, argument) {
+      for (var i = 0, len = reactions.length; i < len; ++i)
+        EnqueueJob('PromiseJobs', PromiseReactionJob, [reactions[i], argument]);
+      return undefined;
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.2 Promise Jobs
+
+    // 25.4.2.1 PromiseReactionJob ( reaction, argument )
+
+    function PromiseReactionJob(reaction, argument) {
+      var promiseCapability = reaction['[[Capabilities]]'];
+      var handler = reaction['[[Handler]]'];
+      var handlerResult, status;
+      try {
+        if (handler === 'Identity') handlerResult = argument;
+        else if (handler === 'Thrower') throw argument;
+        else handlerResult = handler.call(undefined, argument);
+      } catch (handlerResult) {
+        status = promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, handlerResult);
+        NextJob(status); return;
+      }
+      status = promiseCapability['[[Resolve]]'].call(undefined, handlerResult);
+      NextJob(status);
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.2.2 PromiseResolveThenableJob ( promiseToResolve, thenable, then)
+
+    function PromiseResolveThenableJob(promiseToResolve, thenable, then) {
+      // SPEC BUG: promise vs. promiseToResolve
+      var resolvingFunctions = CreateResolvingFunctions(promiseToResolve);
+      try {
+        var thenCallResult = then.call(thenable, resolvingFunctions['[[Resolve]]'],
+                                       resolvingFunctions['[[Reject]]']);
+      } catch (thenCallResult) {
+        var status = resolvingFunctions['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, thenCallResult);
+        NextJob(status); return;
+      }
+      NextJob(thenCallResult);
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.3 The Promise Constructor
+
+    // 25.4.3.1 Promise ( executor )
+
+    function Promise(executor) {
+      var config = { configurable: false, enumerable: false, writable: true, value: undefined };
+      Object.defineProperty(this, '[[PromiseState]]', config);
+      Object.defineProperty(this, '[[PromiseConstructor]]', config);
+      Object.defineProperty(this, '[[PromiseResult]]', config);
+      Object.defineProperty(this, '[[PromiseFulfillReactions]]', config);
+      Object.defineProperty(this, '[[PromiseRejectReactions]]', config);
+
+      var promise = this;
+      if (Type(promise) !== 'object') throw new TypeError();
+      if (!('[[PromiseState]]' in promise)) throw TypeError();
+      if (promise['[[PromiseState]]'] !== undefined) throw TypeError();
+      if (!IsCallable(executor)) throw TypeError();
+
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseConstructor]]', Promise);
+
+      return InitializePromise(promise, executor);
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.3.1.1 InitializePromise ( promise, executor )
+
+    function InitializePromise(promise, executor) {
+      console.assert('[[PromiseState]]' in promise);
+      console.assert(IsCallable(executor));
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseState]]', 'pending');
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseFulfillReactions]]', []);
+      set_internal(promise, '[[PromiseRejectReactions]]', []);
+      var resolvingFunctions = CreateResolvingFunctions(promise);
+      try {
+        var completion = executor.call(undefined, resolvingFunctions['[[Resolve]]'],
+                                       resolvingFunctions['[[Reject]]']);
+      } catch (completion) {
+        var status = resolvingFunctions['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, completion);
+      }
+      return promise;
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.4 Properties of the Promise Constructor
+    // 25.4.4.1 Promise.all ( iterable )
+
+    define(Promise, 'all', function all(iterable) {
+      var c = strict(this);
+      var promiseCapability = NewPromiseCapability(c);
+      try {
+        var iterator = GetIterator(iterable);
+      } catch (value) {
+        promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+        return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+      }
+      var values = [];
+      var remainingElementsCount = { value: 1 };
+      var index = 0;
+      while (true) {
+        try {
+          var next = IteratorStep(iterator);
+        } catch (value) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        if (!next) {
+          remainingElementsCount.value -= 1;
+          if (remainingElementsCount.value === 0) {
+            var resolveResult = promiseCapability['[[Resolve]]'].apply(undefined, values);
+
+
+          }
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        try {
+          var nextValue = IteratorValue(next);
+        } catch (value) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        try {
+          var nextPromise = c.resolve(nextValue);
+        } catch (value) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        var resolveElement = PromiseAllResolveElementFunction();
+        set_internal(resolveElement, '[[AlreadyCalled]]', { value: false });
+        set_internal(resolveElement, '[[Index]]', index);
+        set_internal(resolveElement, '[[Values]]', values);
+        set_internal(resolveElement, '[[Capabilities]]', promiseCapability);
+        set_internal(resolveElement, '[[RemainingElements]]', remainingElementsCount);
+        remainingElementsCount.value += 1;
+        try {
+          var result = nextPromise.then(resolveElement, promiseCapability['[[Reject]]']);
+        } catch (value) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        index += 1;
+      }
+    });
+
+    // 25.4.4.1.1 Promise.all Resolve Element Functions
+
+    function PromiseAllResolveElementFunction() {
+      var F = function(x) {
+        var alreadyCalled = F['[[AlreadyCalled]]'];
+        if (alreadyCalled.value) return undefined;
+        alreadyCalled.value = true;
+        var index = F['[[Index]]'];
+        var values = F['[[Values]]'];
+        var promiseCapability = F['[[Capabilities]]'];
+        var remainingElementsCount = F['[[RemainingElements]]'];
+        try {
+          values[index] = x;
+        } catch (result) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, result);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        remainingElementsCount.value -= 1;
+        if (remainingElementsCount.value === 0)
+          return promiseCapability['[[Resolve]]'].call(undefined, values);
+        return undefined;
+      };
+      return F;
+    }
+
+    // 25.4.4.2 Promise.prototype
+
+    Promise.prototype = {};
+
+    // 25.4.4.3 Promise.race ( iterable )
+
+    define(Promise, 'race', function race(iterable) {
+      var c = strict(this);
+      var promiseCapability = NewPromiseCapability(c);
+      try {
+        var iterator = GetIterator(iterable);
+      } catch (value) {
+        promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+        return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+      }
+      while (true) {
+        try {
+          var next = IteratorStep(iterator);
+        } catch (value) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        if (!next) return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        try {
+          var nextValue = IteratorValue(next);
+        } catch (value) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        try {
+          var nextPromise = c.resolve(nextValue);
+        } catch (value) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+        try {
+          nextPromise.then(promiseCapability['[[Resolve]]'], promiseCapability['[[Reject]]']);
+        } catch (value) {
+          promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, value);
+          return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+        }
+      }
+    });
+
+    // 25.4.4.4 Promise.reject ( r )
+
+    define(Promise, 'reject', function reject(r) {
+      var c = strict(this);
+      var promiseCapability = NewPromiseCapability(c);
+      var rejectResult = promiseCapability['[[Reject]]'].call(undefined, r);
+      return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+    });
+
+    // 25.4.4.5 Promise.resolve ( x )
+
+    define(Promise, 'resolve', function resolve(x) {
+      var c = strict(this);
+      if (IsPromise(x)) {
+        var constructor = x['[[PromiseConstructor]]'];
+        if (SameValue(constructor, c)) return x;
+      }
+      var promiseCapability = NewPromiseCapability(c);
+      var resolveResult = promiseCapability['[[Resolve]]'].call(undefined, x);
+      return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+    });
+
+    // 25.4.4.6 Promise [ @@create ] ( )
+    // 25.4.4.6.1 AllocatePromise ( constructor )
+    // 25.4.5 Properties of the Promise Prototype Object
+    // 25.4.5.1 Promise.prototype.catch ( onRejected )
+
+    define(Promise.prototype, 'catch', function catch_(onRejected) {
+      var promise = this;
+      return promise.then(undefined, onRejected);
+    });
+
+    // 25.4.5.2 Promise.prototype.constructor
+
+    Promise.prototype.constructor = Promise;
+
+    // 25.4.5.3 Promise.prototype.then ( onFulfilled , onRejected )
+
+    define(Promise.prototype, 'then', function then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
+      var promise = this;
+      if (!IsPromise(promise)) throw TypeError();
+      if (!IsCallable(onFulfilled)) onFulfilled = 'Identity';
+      if (!IsCallable(onRejected)) onRejected = 'Thrower';
+      var c = promise.constructor;
+      var promiseCapability = NewPromiseCapability(c);
+      var fulfillReaction = { '[[Capabilities]]': promiseCapability,
+                              '[[Handler]]': onFulfilled };
+      var rejectReaction = { '[[Capabilities]]': promiseCapability,
+                             '[[Handler]]': onRejected };
+      if (promise['[[PromiseState]]'] === 'pending') {
+        promise['[[PromiseFulfillReactions]]'].push(fulfillReaction);
+        promise['[[PromiseRejectReactions]]'].push(rejectReaction);
+      } else if (promise['[[PromiseState]]'] === 'fulfilled') {
+        var value = promise['[[PromiseResult]]'];
+        EnqueueJob('PromiseJobs', PromiseReactionJob, [fulfillReaction, value]);
+      } else if (promise['[[PromiseState]]'] === 'rejected') {
+        var reason = promise['[[PromiseResult]]'];
+        EnqueueJob('PromiseJobs', PromiseReactionJob, [rejectReaction, reason]);
+      }
+      return promiseCapability['[[Promise]]'];
+    });
+
+    // 25.4.6 Properties of Promise Instances
+
+    if (!('Promise' in global) || OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING)
+      global.Promise = Promise;
+
+    // Patch early Promise.cast vs. Promise.resolve implementations
+    if ('cast' in global.Promise) global.Promise.resolve = global.Promise.cast;
+  }());
+
+  // 25.4.5.1 Promise.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]
+  define(Promise.prototype, $$toStringTag, 'Promise');
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 26 Reflection
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  (function() {
+    // 26.1 The Reflect Object
+    if (!('Reflect' in global) || OVERRIDE_NATIVE_FOR_TESTING)
+      global.Reflect = {};
+
+    // 26.1.1 Reflect.apply ( target, thisArgument, argumentsList )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'apply',
+      function apply(target, thisArgument, argumentsList) {
+        if (!IsCallable(target)) throw TypeError();
+        return Function.prototype.apply.call(target, thisArgument, argumentsList);
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.2 Reflect.construct ( target, argumentsList [, newTarget] )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'construct',
+      function construct(target, argumentsList) {
+        return __cons(target, argumentsList);
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.3 Reflect.defineProperty ( target, propertyKey, attributes )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'defineProperty',
+      function defineProperty(target, propertyKey, attributes) {
+        try {
+          Object.defineProperty(target, propertyKey, attributes);
+          return true;
+        } catch (_) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.4 Reflect.deleteProperty ( target, propertyKey )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'deleteProperty',
+      function deleteProperty(target,name) {
+        try {
+          delete target[name];
+          return !HasOwnProperty(target, name);
+        } catch (_) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.5 Reflect.enumerate ( target )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'enumerate',
+      function enumerate(target) {
+        target = ToObject(target);
+        var iterator = Enumerate(target);
+        return iterator;
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.6 Reflect.get ( target, propertyKey [ , receiver ])
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'get',
+      function get(target, name, receiver) {
+        target = ToObject(target);
+        name = String(name);
+        receiver = (receiver === undefined) ? target : ToObject(receiver);
+        var desc = getPropertyDescriptor(target, name);
+        if (desc && 'get' in desc)
+          return Function.prototype.call.call(desc['get'], receiver);
+        return target[name];
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.7 Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor ( target, propertyKey )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'getOwnPropertyDescriptor',
+      Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor);
+
+    // 26.1.8 Reflect.getPrototypeOf ( target )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'getPrototypeOf',
+      Object.getPrototypeOf);
+
+    // 26.1.9 Reflect.has ( target, propertyKey )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'has',
+      function has(target,name) {
+        return String(name) in ToObject(target);
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.10 Reflect.isExtensible (target)
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'isExtensible',
+      Object.isExtensible);
+
+    // 26.1.11 Reflect.ownKeys ( target )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'ownKeys',
+      function ownKeys(target) {
+        var obj = ToObject(target);
+        return Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj);
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.12 Reflect.preventExtensions ( target )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'preventExtensions',
+      function preventExtensions(target) {
+        try { Object.preventExtensions(target); return true; } catch (_) { return false; }
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.13 Reflect.set ( target, propertyKey, V [ , receiver ] )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'set',
+      function set(target, name, value, receiver) {
+        target = ToObject(target);
+        name = String(name);
+        receiver = (receiver === undefined) ? target : ToObject(receiver);
+        var desc = getPropertyDescriptor(target, name);
+        try {
+          if (desc && 'set' in desc)
+            Function.prototype.call.call(desc['set'], receiver, value);
+          else
+            target[name] = value;
+          return true;
+        } catch (_) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      });
+
+    // 26.1.14 Reflect.setPrototypeOf ( target, proto )
+    define(
+      Reflect, 'setPrototypeOf',
+      function setPrototypeOf(target, proto) {
+        try {
+          target.__proto__ = proto;
+          return Reflect.getPrototypeOf(target) === proto;
+        } catch(_) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      });
+
+  }());
+
+  // ---------------------------------------
+  // 26.2 Proxy Objects
+  // ---------------------------------------
+
+  // Not polyfillable.
+
+}(self));
+
+// This helper is defined outside the main scope so that the use of
+// 'eval' does not taint the scope for minifiers.
+function __cons(t, a) {
+  return eval('new t(' + a.map(function(_, i) { return 'a[' + i + ']'; }).join(',') + ')');
+}
+</script>
+        <script>/*! jQuery v2.1.1 | (c) 2005, 2014 jQuery Foundation, Inc. | jquery.org/license */
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+        <script>(function() {
+  'use strict';
+
+  /**
+   * Extend an Object with another Object's properties.
+   *
+   * The source objects are specified as additional arguments.
+   *
+   * @param dst Object the object to extend.
+   *
+   * @return Object the final object.
+   */
+  var _extend = function(dst) {
+    var sources = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1);
+    for (var i=0; i<sources.length; ++i) {
+      var src = sources[i];
+      for (var p in src) {
+        if (src.hasOwnProperty(p)) dst[p] = src[p];
+      }
+    }
+    return dst;
+  };
+
+
+  /**
+   * Defer execution of given function.
+   * @param  {Function} func
+   */
+  var _defer = function(func) {
+    if (typeof setImmediate === 'function') {
+      return setImmediate(func);
+    } else {
+      return setTimeout(func, 0);
+    }
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * Based on the algorithm at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance.
+   */
+  var Levenshtein = {
+    /**
+     * Calculate levenshtein distance of the two strings.
+     *
+     * @param str1 String the first string.
+     * @param str2 String the second string.
+     * @return Integer the levenshtein distance (0 and above).
+     */
+    get: function(str1, str2) {
+      // base cases
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+      if (str1.length === 0) return str2.length;
+      if (str2.length === 0) return str1.length;
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+      // two rows
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+      // initialise previous row
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+      }
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+      // calculate current row distance from previous row
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+
+        for (j=0; j<str2.length; ++j) {
+          curCol = nextCol;
+
+          // substution
+          nextCol = prevRow[j] + ( (str1.charAt(i) === str2.charAt(j)) ? 0 : 1 );
+          // insertion
+          tmp = curCol + 1;
+          if (nextCol > tmp) {
+            nextCol = tmp;
+          }
+          // deletion
+          tmp = prevRow[j + 1] + 1;
+          if (nextCol > tmp) {
+            nextCol = tmp;
+          }
+
+          // copy current col value into previous (in preparation for next iteration)
+          prevRow[j] = curCol;
+        }
+
+        // copy last col value into previous (in preparation for next iteration)
+        prevRow[j] = nextCol;
+      }
+
+      return nextCol;
+    },
+
+    /**
+     * Asynchronously calculate levenshtein distance of the two strings.
+     *
+     * @param str1 String the first string.
+     * @param str2 String the second string.
+     * @param cb Function callback function with signature: function(Error err, int distance)
+     * @param [options] Object additional options.
+     * @param [options.progress] Function progress callback with signature: function(percentComplete)
+     */
+    getAsync: function(str1, str2, cb, options) {
+      options = _extend({}, {
+        progress: null
+      }, options);
+
+      // base cases
+      if (str1 === str2) return cb(null, 0);
+      if (str1.length === 0) return cb(null, str2.length);
+      if (str2.length === 0) return cb(null, str1.length);
+
+      // two rows
+      var prevRow  = new Array(str2.length + 1),
+          curCol, nextCol,
+          i, j, tmp,
+          startTime, currentTime;
+
+      // initialise previous row
+      for (i=0; i<prevRow.length; ++i) {
+        prevRow[i] = i;
+      }
+
+      nextCol = 1;
+      i = 0;
+      j = -1;
+
+      var __calculate = function() {
+        // reset timer
+        startTime = new Date().valueOf();
+        currentTime = startTime;
+
+        // keep going until one second has elapsed
+        while (currentTime - startTime < 1000) {
+          // reached end of current row?
+          if (str2.length <= (++j)) {
+            // copy current into previous (in preparation for next iteration)
+            prevRow[j] = nextCol;
+
+            // if already done all chars
+            if (str1.length <= (++i)) {
+              return cb(null, nextCol);
+            }
+            // else if we have more left to do
+            else {
+              nextCol = i + 1;
+              j = 0;
+            }
+          }
+
+          // calculation
+          curCol = nextCol;
+
+          // substution
+          nextCol = prevRow[j] + ( (str1.charAt(i) === str2.charAt(j)) ? 0 : 1 );
+          // insertion
+          tmp = curCol + 1;
+          if (nextCol > tmp) {
+            nextCol = tmp;
+          }
+          // deletion
+          tmp = prevRow[j + 1] + 1;
+          if (nextCol > tmp) {
+            nextCol = tmp;
+          }
+
+          // copy current into previous (in preparation for next iteration)
+          prevRow[j] = curCol;
+
+          // get current time
+          currentTime = new Date().valueOf();
+        }
+
+        // send a progress update?
+        if (null !== options.progress) {
+          try {
+            options.progress.call(null, (i * 100.0/ str1.length));
+          } catch (err) {
+            return cb('Progress callback: ' + err.toString());
+          }
+        }
+
+        // next iteration
+        _defer(__calculate);
+      };
+
+      __calculate();
+    }
+
+  };
+
+  // amd
+  if (typeof define !== "undefined" && define !== null && define.amd) {
+    define(function() {
+      return Levenshtein;
+    });
+  }
+  // commonjs
+  else if (typeof module !== "undefined" && module !== null && typeof exports !== "undefined" && module.exports === exports) {
+    module.exports = Levenshtein;
+  }
+  // web worker
+  else if (typeof self !== "undefined" && typeof self.postMessage === 'function' && typeof self.importScripts === 'function') {
+    self.Levenshtein = Levenshtein;
+  }
+  // browser main thread
+  else if (typeof window !== "undefined" && window !== null) {
+    window.Levenshtein = Levenshtein;
+  }
+}());
+
+</script>
+        <script>(function(r){r.fn.qrcode=function(h){var s;function u(a){this.mode=s;this.data=a}function o(a,c){this.typeNumber=a;this.errorCorrectLevel=c;this.modules=null;this.moduleCount=0;this.dataCache=null;this.dataList=[]}function q(a,c){if(void 0==a.length)throw Error(a.length+"/"+c);for(var d=0;d<a.length&&0==a[d];)d++;this.num=Array(a.length-d+c);for(var b=0;b<a.length-d;b++)this.num[b]=a[b+d]}function p(a,c){this.totalCount=a;this.dataCount=c}function t(){this.buffer=[];this.length=0}u.prototype={getLength:function(){return this.data.length},
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+(a-1)+2];case 2:return p.RS_BLOCK_TABLE[4*(a-1)+3]}};t.prototype={get:function(a){return 1==(this.buffer[Math.floor(a/8)]>>>7-a%8&1)},put:function(a,c){for(var d=0;d<c;d++)this.putBit(1==(a>>>c-d-1&1))},getLengthInBits:function(){return this.length},putBit:function(a){var c=Math.floor(this.length/8);this.buffer.length<=c&&this.buffer.push(0);a&&(this.buffer[c]|=128>>>this.length%8);this.length++}};"string"===typeof h&&(h={text:h});h=r.extend({},{render:"canvas",width:256,height:256,typeNumber:-1,
+correctLevel:2,background:"#ffffff",foreground:"#000000"},h);return this.each(function(){var a;if("canvas"==h.render){a=new o(h.typeNumber,h.correctLevel);a.addData(h.text);a.make();var c=document.createElement("canvas");c.width=h.width;c.height=h.height;for(var d=c.getContext("2d"),b=h.width/a.getModuleCount(),e=h.height/a.getModuleCount(),f=0;f<a.getModuleCount();f++)for(var i=0;i<a.getModuleCount();i++){d.fillStyle=a.isDark(f,i)?h.foreground:h.background;var g=Math.ceil((i+1)*b)-Math.floor(i*b),
+j=Math.ceil((f+1)*b)-Math.floor(f*b);d.fillRect(Math.round(i*b),Math.round(f*e),g,j)}}else{a=new o(h.typeNumber,h.correctLevel);a.addData(h.text);a.make();c=r("<table></table>").css("width",h.width+"px").css("height",h.height+"px").css("border","0px").css("border-collapse","collapse").css("background-color",h.background);d=h.width/a.getModuleCount();b=h.height/a.getModuleCount();for(e=0;e<a.getModuleCount();e++){f=r("<tr></tr>").css("height",b+"px").appendTo(c);for(i=0;i<a.getModuleCount();i++)r("<td></td>").css("width",
+d+"px").css("background-color",a.isDark(e,i)?h.foreground:h.background).appendTo(f)}}a=c;$(a).appendTo(this)})}})($);
+</script>
+        <script>(function(f){if(typeof exports==="object"&&typeof module!=="undefined"){module.exports=f()}else if(typeof define==="function"&&define.amd){define([],f)}else{var g;if(typeof window!=="undefined"){g=window}else if(typeof global!=="undefined"){g=global}else if(typeof self!=="undefined"){g=self}else{g=this}g.bitcoin = f()}})(function(){var define,module,exports;return (function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);var f=new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'");throw f.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",f}var l=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},l,l.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1:[function(require,module,exports){
+// (public) Constructor
+function BigInteger(a, b, c) {
+  if (!(this instanceof BigInteger))
+    return new BigInteger(a, b, c)
+
+  if (a != null) {
+    if ("number" == typeof a) this.fromNumber(a, b, c)
+    else if (b == null && "string" != typeof a) this.fromString(a, 256)
+    else this.fromString(a, b)
+  }
+}
+
+var proto = BigInteger.prototype
+
+// duck-typed isBigInteger
+proto.__bigi = require('../package.json').version
+BigInteger.isBigInteger = function (obj, check_ver) {
+  return obj && obj.__bigi && (!check_ver || obj.__bigi === proto.__bigi)
+}
+
+// Bits per digit
+var dbits
+
+// am: Compute w_j += (x*this_i), propagate carries,
+// c is initial carry, returns final carry.
+// c < 3*dvalue, x < 2*dvalue, this_i < dvalue
+// We need to select the fastest one that works in this environment.
+
+// am1: use a single mult and divide to get the high bits,
+// max digit bits should be 26 because
+// max internal value = 2*dvalue^2-2*dvalue (< 2^53)
+function am1(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
+  while (--n >= 0) {
+    var v = x * this[i++] + w[j] + c
+    c = Math.floor(v / 0x4000000)
+    w[j++] = v & 0x3ffffff
+  }
+  return c
+}
+// am2 avoids a big mult-and-extract completely.
+// Max digit bits should be <= 30 because we do bitwise ops
+// on values up to 2*hdvalue^2-hdvalue-1 (< 2^31)
+function am2(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
+  var xl = x & 0x7fff,
+    xh = x >> 15
+  while (--n >= 0) {
+    var l = this[i] & 0x7fff
+    var h = this[i++] >> 15
+    var m = xh * l + h * xl
+    l = xl * l + ((m & 0x7fff) << 15) + w[j] + (c & 0x3fffffff)
+    c = (l >>> 30) + (m >>> 15) + xh * h + (c >>> 30)
+    w[j++] = l & 0x3fffffff
+  }
+  return c
+}
+// Alternately, set max digit bits to 28 since some
+// browsers slow down when dealing with 32-bit numbers.
+function am3(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
+  var xl = x & 0x3fff,
+    xh = x >> 14
+  while (--n >= 0) {
+    var l = this[i] & 0x3fff
+    var h = this[i++] >> 14
+    var m = xh * l + h * xl
+    l = xl * l + ((m & 0x3fff) << 14) + w[j] + c
+    c = (l >> 28) + (m >> 14) + xh * h
+    w[j++] = l & 0xfffffff
+  }
+  return c
+}
+
+// wtf?
+BigInteger.prototype.am = am1
+dbits = 26
+
+BigInteger.prototype.DB = dbits
+BigInteger.prototype.DM = ((1 << dbits) - 1)
+var DV = BigInteger.prototype.DV = (1 << dbits)
+
+var BI_FP = 52
+BigInteger.prototype.FV = Math.pow(2, BI_FP)
+BigInteger.prototype.F1 = BI_FP - dbits
+BigInteger.prototype.F2 = 2 * dbits - BI_FP
+
+// Digit conversions
+var BI_RM = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+var BI_RC = new Array()
+var rr, vv
+rr = "0".charCodeAt(0)
+for (vv = 0; vv <= 9; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv
+rr = "a".charCodeAt(0)
+for (vv = 10; vv < 36; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv
+rr = "A".charCodeAt(0)
+for (vv = 10; vv < 36; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv
+
+function int2char(n) {
+  return BI_RM.charAt(n)
+}
+
+function intAt(s, i) {
+  var c = BI_RC[s.charCodeAt(i)]
+  return (c == null) ? -1 : c
+}
+
+// (protected) copy this to r
+function bnpCopyTo(r) {
+  for (var i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = this[i]
+  r.t = this.t
+  r.s = this.s
+}
+
+// (protected) set from integer value x, -DV <= x < DV
+function bnpFromInt(x) {
+  this.t = 1
+  this.s = (x < 0) ? -1 : 0
+  if (x > 0) this[0] = x
+  else if (x < -1) this[0] = x + DV
+  else this.t = 0
+}
+
+// return bigint initialized to value
+function nbv(i) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  r.fromInt(i)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (protected) set from string and radix
+function bnpFromString(s, b) {
+  var self = this
+
+  var k
+  if (b == 16) k = 4
+  else if (b == 8) k = 3
+  else if (b == 256) k = 8; // byte array
+  else if (b == 2) k = 1
+  else if (b == 32) k = 5
+  else if (b == 4) k = 2
+  else {
+    self.fromRadix(s, b)
+    return
+  }
+  self.t = 0
+  self.s = 0
+  var i = s.length,
+    mi = false,
+    sh = 0
+  while (--i >= 0) {
+    var x = (k == 8) ? s[i] & 0xff : intAt(s, i)
+    if (x < 0) {
+      if (s.charAt(i) == "-") mi = true
+      continue
+    }
+    mi = false
+    if (sh == 0)
+      self[self.t++] = x
+    else if (sh + k > self.DB) {
+      self[self.t - 1] |= (x & ((1 << (self.DB - sh)) - 1)) << sh
+      self[self.t++] = (x >> (self.DB - sh))
+    } else
+      self[self.t - 1] |= x << sh
+    sh += k
+    if (sh >= self.DB) sh -= self.DB
+  }
+  if (k == 8 && (s[0] & 0x80) != 0) {
+    self.s = -1
+    if (sh > 0) self[self.t - 1] |= ((1 << (self.DB - sh)) - 1) << sh
+  }
+  self.clamp()
+  if (mi) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(self, self)
+}
+
+// (protected) clamp off excess high words
+function bnpClamp() {
+  var c = this.s & this.DM
+  while (this.t > 0 && this[this.t - 1] == c)--this.t
+}
+
+// (public) return string representation in given radix
+function bnToString(b) {
+  var self = this
+  if (self.s < 0) return "-" + self.negate()
+    .toString(b)
+  var k
+  if (b == 16) k = 4
+  else if (b == 8) k = 3
+  else if (b == 2) k = 1
+  else if (b == 32) k = 5
+  else if (b == 4) k = 2
+  else return self.toRadix(b)
+  var km = (1 << k) - 1,
+    d, m = false,
+    r = "",
+    i = self.t
+  var p = self.DB - (i * self.DB) % k
+  if (i-- > 0) {
+    if (p < self.DB && (d = self[i] >> p) > 0) {
+      m = true
+      r = int2char(d)
+    }
+    while (i >= 0) {
+      if (p < k) {
+        d = (self[i] & ((1 << p) - 1)) << (k - p)
+        d |= self[--i] >> (p += self.DB - k)
+      } else {
+        d = (self[i] >> (p -= k)) & km
+        if (p <= 0) {
+          p += self.DB
+          --i
+        }
+      }
+      if (d > 0) m = true
+      if (m) r += int2char(d)
+    }
+  }
+  return m ? r : "0"
+}
+
+// (public) -this
+function bnNegate() {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(this, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) |this|
+function bnAbs() {
+  return (this.s < 0) ? this.negate() : this
+}
+
+// (public) return + if this > a, - if this < a, 0 if equal
+function bnCompareTo(a) {
+  var r = this.s - a.s
+  if (r != 0) return r
+  var i = this.t
+  r = i - a.t
+  if (r != 0) return (this.s < 0) ? -r : r
+  while (--i >= 0)
+    if ((r = this[i] - a[i]) != 0) return r
+  return 0
+}
+
+// returns bit length of the integer x
+function nbits(x) {
+  var r = 1,
+    t
+  if ((t = x >>> 16) != 0) {
+    x = t
+    r += 16
+  }
+  if ((t = x >> 8) != 0) {
+    x = t
+    r += 8
+  }
+  if ((t = x >> 4) != 0) {
+    x = t
+    r += 4
+  }
+  if ((t = x >> 2) != 0) {
+    x = t
+    r += 2
+  }
+  if ((t = x >> 1) != 0) {
+    x = t
+    r += 1
+  }
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) return the number of bits in "this"
+function bnBitLength() {
+  if (this.t <= 0) return 0
+  return this.DB * (this.t - 1) + nbits(this[this.t - 1] ^ (this.s & this.DM))
+}
+
+// (public) return the number of bytes in "this"
+function bnByteLength() {
+  return this.bitLength() >> 3
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this << n*DB
+function bnpDLShiftTo(n, r) {
+  var i
+  for (i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i + n] = this[i]
+  for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = 0
+  r.t = this.t + n
+  r.s = this.s
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this >> n*DB
+function bnpDRShiftTo(n, r) {
+  for (var i = n; i < this.t; ++i) r[i - n] = this[i]
+  r.t = Math.max(this.t - n, 0)
+  r.s = this.s
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this << n
+function bnpLShiftTo(n, r) {
+  var self = this
+  var bs = n % self.DB
+  var cbs = self.DB - bs
+  var bm = (1 << cbs) - 1
+  var ds = Math.floor(n / self.DB),
+    c = (self.s << bs) & self.DM,
+    i
+  for (i = self.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+    r[i + ds + 1] = (self[i] >> cbs) | c
+    c = (self[i] & bm) << bs
+  }
+  for (i = ds - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = 0
+  r[ds] = c
+  r.t = self.t + ds + 1
+  r.s = self.s
+  r.clamp()
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this >> n
+function bnpRShiftTo(n, r) {
+  var self = this
+  r.s = self.s
+  var ds = Math.floor(n / self.DB)
+  if (ds >= self.t) {
+    r.t = 0
+    return
+  }
+  var bs = n % self.DB
+  var cbs = self.DB - bs
+  var bm = (1 << bs) - 1
+  r[0] = self[ds] >> bs
+  for (var i = ds + 1; i < self.t; ++i) {
+    r[i - ds - 1] |= (self[i] & bm) << cbs
+    r[i - ds] = self[i] >> bs
+  }
+  if (bs > 0) r[self.t - ds - 1] |= (self.s & bm) << cbs
+  r.t = self.t - ds
+  r.clamp()
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this - a
+function bnpSubTo(a, r) {
+  var self = this
+  var i = 0,
+    c = 0,
+    m = Math.min(a.t, self.t)
+  while (i < m) {
+    c += self[i] - a[i]
+    r[i++] = c & self.DM
+    c >>= self.DB
+  }
+  if (a.t < self.t) {
+    c -= a.s
+    while (i < self.t) {
+      c += self[i]
+      r[i++] = c & self.DM
+      c >>= self.DB
+    }
+    c += self.s
+  } else {
+    c += self.s
+    while (i < a.t) {
+      c -= a[i]
+      r[i++] = c & self.DM
+      c >>= self.DB
+    }
+    c -= a.s
+  }
+  r.s = (c < 0) ? -1 : 0
+  if (c < -1) r[i++] = self.DV + c
+  else if (c > 0) r[i++] = c
+  r.t = i
+  r.clamp()
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this * a, r != this,a (HAC 14.12)
+// "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
+function bnpMultiplyTo(a, r) {
+  var x = this.abs(),
+    y = a.abs()
+  var i = x.t
+  r.t = i + y.t
+  while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0
+  for (i = 0; i < y.t; ++i) r[i + x.t] = x.am(0, y[i], r, i, 0, x.t)
+  r.s = 0
+  r.clamp()
+  if (this.s != a.s) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(r, r)
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this^2, r != this (HAC 14.16)
+function bnpSquareTo(r) {
+  var x = this.abs()
+  var i = r.t = 2 * x.t
+  while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0
+  for (i = 0; i < x.t - 1; ++i) {
+    var c = x.am(i, x[i], r, 2 * i, 0, 1)
+    if ((r[i + x.t] += x.am(i + 1, 2 * x[i], r, 2 * i + 1, c, x.t - i - 1)) >= x.DV) {
+      r[i + x.t] -= x.DV
+      r[i + x.t + 1] = 1
+    }
+  }
+  if (r.t > 0) r[r.t - 1] += x.am(i, x[i], r, 2 * i, 0, 1)
+  r.s = 0
+  r.clamp()
+}
+
+// (protected) divide this by m, quotient and remainder to q, r (HAC 14.20)
+// r != q, this != m.  q or r may be null.
+function bnpDivRemTo(m, q, r) {
+  var self = this
+  var pm = m.abs()
+  if (pm.t <= 0) return
+  var pt = self.abs()
+  if (pt.t < pm.t) {
+    if (q != null) q.fromInt(0)
+    if (r != null) self.copyTo(r)
+    return
+  }
+  if (r == null) r = new BigInteger()
+  var y = new BigInteger(),
+    ts = self.s,
+    ms = m.s
+  var nsh = self.DB - nbits(pm[pm.t - 1]); // normalize modulus
+  if (nsh > 0) {
+    pm.lShiftTo(nsh, y)
+    pt.lShiftTo(nsh, r)
+  } else {
+    pm.copyTo(y)
+    pt.copyTo(r)
+  }
+  var ys = y.t
+  var y0 = y[ys - 1]
+  if (y0 == 0) return
+  var yt = y0 * (1 << self.F1) + ((ys > 1) ? y[ys - 2] >> self.F2 : 0)
+  var d1 = self.FV / yt,
+    d2 = (1 << self.F1) / yt,
+    e = 1 << self.F2
+  var i = r.t,
+    j = i - ys,
+    t = (q == null) ? new BigInteger() : q
+  y.dlShiftTo(j, t)
+  if (r.compareTo(t) >= 0) {
+    r[r.t++] = 1
+    r.subTo(t, r)
+  }
+  BigInteger.ONE.dlShiftTo(ys, t)
+  t.subTo(y, y); // "negative" y so we can replace sub with am later
+  while (y.t < ys) y[y.t++] = 0
+  while (--j >= 0) {
+    // Estimate quotient digit
+    var qd = (r[--i] == y0) ? self.DM : Math.floor(r[i] * d1 + (r[i - 1] + e) * d2)
+    if ((r[i] += y.am(0, qd, r, j, 0, ys)) < qd) { // Try it out
+      y.dlShiftTo(j, t)
+      r.subTo(t, r)
+      while (r[i] < --qd) r.subTo(t, r)
+    }
+  }
+  if (q != null) {
+    r.drShiftTo(ys, q)
+    if (ts != ms) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(q, q)
+  }
+  r.t = ys
+  r.clamp()
+  if (nsh > 0) r.rShiftTo(nsh, r); // Denormalize remainder
+  if (ts < 0) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(r, r)
+}
+
+// (public) this mod a
+function bnMod(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.abs()
+    .divRemTo(a, null, r)
+  if (this.s < 0 && r.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) a.subTo(r, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// Modular reduction using "classic" algorithm
+function Classic(m) {
+  this.m = m
+}
+
+function cConvert(x) {
+  if (x.s < 0 || x.compareTo(this.m) >= 0) return x.mod(this.m)
+  else return x
+}
+
+function cRevert(x) {
+  return x
+}
+
+function cReduce(x) {
+  x.divRemTo(this.m, null, x)
+}
+
+function cMulTo(x, y, r) {
+  x.multiplyTo(y, r)
+  this.reduce(r)
+}
+
+function cSqrTo(x, r) {
+  x.squareTo(r)
+  this.reduce(r)
+}
+
+Classic.prototype.convert = cConvert
+Classic.prototype.revert = cRevert
+Classic.prototype.reduce = cReduce
+Classic.prototype.mulTo = cMulTo
+Classic.prototype.sqrTo = cSqrTo
+
+// (protected) return "-1/this % 2^DB"; useful for Mont. reduction
+// justification:
+//         xy == 1 (mod m)
+//         xy =  1+km
+//   xy(2-xy) = (1+km)(1-km)
+// x[y(2-xy)] = 1-k^2m^2
+// x[y(2-xy)] == 1 (mod m^2)
+// if y is 1/x mod m, then y(2-xy) is 1/x mod m^2
+// should reduce x and y(2-xy) by m^2 at each step to keep size bounded.
+// JS multiply "overflows" differently from C/C++, so care is needed here.
+function bnpInvDigit() {
+  if (this.t < 1) return 0
+  var x = this[0]
+  if ((x & 1) == 0) return 0
+  var y = x & 3; // y == 1/x mod 2^2
+  y = (y * (2 - (x & 0xf) * y)) & 0xf; // y == 1/x mod 2^4
+  y = (y * (2 - (x & 0xff) * y)) & 0xff; // y == 1/x mod 2^8
+  y = (y * (2 - (((x & 0xffff) * y) & 0xffff))) & 0xffff; // y == 1/x mod 2^16
+  // last step - calculate inverse mod DV directly
+  // assumes 16 < DB <= 32 and assumes ability to handle 48-bit ints
+  y = (y * (2 - x * y % this.DV)) % this.DV; // y == 1/x mod 2^dbits
+  // we really want the negative inverse, and -DV < y < DV
+  return (y > 0) ? this.DV - y : -y
+}
+
+// Montgomery reduction
+function Montgomery(m) {
+  this.m = m
+  this.mp = m.invDigit()
+  this.mpl = this.mp & 0x7fff
+  this.mph = this.mp >> 15
+  this.um = (1 << (m.DB - 15)) - 1
+  this.mt2 = 2 * m.t
+}
+
+// xR mod m
+function montConvert(x) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  x.abs()
+    .dlShiftTo(this.m.t, r)
+  r.divRemTo(this.m, null, r)
+  if (x.s < 0 && r.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) this.m.subTo(r, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// x/R mod m
+function montRevert(x) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  x.copyTo(r)
+  this.reduce(r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// x = x/R mod m (HAC 14.32)
+function montReduce(x) {
+  while (x.t <= this.mt2) // pad x so am has enough room later
+    x[x.t++] = 0
+  for (var i = 0; i < this.m.t; ++i) {
+    // faster way of calculating u0 = x[i]*mp mod DV
+    var j = x[i] & 0x7fff
+    var u0 = (j * this.mpl + (((j * this.mph + (x[i] >> 15) * this.mpl) & this.um) << 15)) & x.DM
+    // use am to combine the multiply-shift-add into one call
+    j = i + this.m.t
+    x[j] += this.m.am(0, u0, x, i, 0, this.m.t)
+    // propagate carry
+    while (x[j] >= x.DV) {
+      x[j] -= x.DV
+      x[++j]++
+    }
+  }
+  x.clamp()
+  x.drShiftTo(this.m.t, x)
+  if (x.compareTo(this.m) >= 0) x.subTo(this.m, x)
+}
+
+// r = "x^2/R mod m"; x != r
+function montSqrTo(x, r) {
+  x.squareTo(r)
+  this.reduce(r)
+}
+
+// r = "xy/R mod m"; x,y != r
+function montMulTo(x, y, r) {
+  x.multiplyTo(y, r)
+  this.reduce(r)
+}
+
+Montgomery.prototype.convert = montConvert
+Montgomery.prototype.revert = montRevert
+Montgomery.prototype.reduce = montReduce
+Montgomery.prototype.mulTo = montMulTo
+Montgomery.prototype.sqrTo = montSqrTo
+
+// (protected) true iff this is even
+function bnpIsEven() {
+  return ((this.t > 0) ? (this[0] & 1) : this.s) == 0
+}
+
+// (protected) this^e, e < 2^32, doing sqr and mul with "r" (HAC 14.79)
+function bnpExp(e, z) {
+  if (e > 0xffffffff || e < 1) return BigInteger.ONE
+  var r = new BigInteger(),
+    r2 = new BigInteger(),
+    g = z.convert(this),
+    i = nbits(e) - 1
+  g.copyTo(r)
+  while (--i >= 0) {
+    z.sqrTo(r, r2)
+    if ((e & (1 << i)) > 0) z.mulTo(r2, g, r)
+    else {
+      var t = r
+      r = r2
+      r2 = t
+    }
+  }
+  return z.revert(r)
+}
+
+// (public) this^e % m, 0 <= e < 2^32
+function bnModPowInt(e, m) {
+  var z
+  if (e < 256 || m.isEven()) z = new Classic(m)
+  else z = new Montgomery(m)
+  return this.exp(e, z)
+}
+
+// protected
+proto.copyTo = bnpCopyTo
+proto.fromInt = bnpFromInt
+proto.fromString = bnpFromString
+proto.clamp = bnpClamp
+proto.dlShiftTo = bnpDLShiftTo
+proto.drShiftTo = bnpDRShiftTo
+proto.lShiftTo = bnpLShiftTo
+proto.rShiftTo = bnpRShiftTo
+proto.subTo = bnpSubTo
+proto.multiplyTo = bnpMultiplyTo
+proto.squareTo = bnpSquareTo
+proto.divRemTo = bnpDivRemTo
+proto.invDigit = bnpInvDigit
+proto.isEven = bnpIsEven
+proto.exp = bnpExp
+
+// public
+proto.toString = bnToString
+proto.negate = bnNegate
+proto.abs = bnAbs
+proto.compareTo = bnCompareTo
+proto.bitLength = bnBitLength
+proto.byteLength = bnByteLength
+proto.mod = bnMod
+proto.modPowInt = bnModPowInt
+
+// (public)
+function bnClone() {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.copyTo(r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) return value as integer
+function bnIntValue() {
+  if (this.s < 0) {
+    if (this.t == 1) return this[0] - this.DV
+    else if (this.t == 0) return -1
+  } else if (this.t == 1) return this[0]
+  else if (this.t == 0) return 0
+  // assumes 16 < DB < 32
+  return ((this[1] & ((1 << (32 - this.DB)) - 1)) << this.DB) | this[0]
+}
+
+// (public) return value as byte
+function bnByteValue() {
+  return (this.t == 0) ? this.s : (this[0] << 24) >> 24
+}
+
+// (public) return value as short (assumes DB>=16)
+function bnShortValue() {
+  return (this.t == 0) ? this.s : (this[0] << 16) >> 16
+}
+
+// (protected) return x s.t. r^x < DV
+function bnpChunkSize(r) {
+  return Math.floor(Math.LN2 * this.DB / Math.log(r))
+}
+
+// (public) 0 if this == 0, 1 if this > 0
+function bnSigNum() {
+  if (this.s < 0) return -1
+  else if (this.t <= 0 || (this.t == 1 && this[0] <= 0)) return 0
+  else return 1
+}
+
+// (protected) convert to radix string
+function bnpToRadix(b) {
+  if (b == null) b = 10
+  if (this.signum() == 0 || b < 2 || b > 36) return "0"
+  var cs = this.chunkSize(b)
+  var a = Math.pow(b, cs)
+  var d = nbv(a),
+    y = new BigInteger(),
+    z = new BigInteger(),
+    r = ""
+  this.divRemTo(d, y, z)
+  while (y.signum() > 0) {
+    r = (a + z.intValue())
+      .toString(b)
+      .substr(1) + r
+    y.divRemTo(d, y, z)
+  }
+  return z.intValue()
+    .toString(b) + r
+}
+
+// (protected) convert from radix string
+function bnpFromRadix(s, b) {
+  var self = this
+  self.fromInt(0)
+  if (b == null) b = 10
+  var cs = self.chunkSize(b)
+  var d = Math.pow(b, cs),
+    mi = false,
+    j = 0,
+    w = 0
+  for (var i = 0; i < s.length; ++i) {
+    var x = intAt(s, i)
+    if (x < 0) {
+      if (s.charAt(i) == "-" && self.signum() == 0) mi = true
+      continue
+    }
+    w = b * w + x
+    if (++j >= cs) {
+      self.dMultiply(d)
+      self.dAddOffset(w, 0)
+      j = 0
+      w = 0
+    }
+  }
+  if (j > 0) {
+    self.dMultiply(Math.pow(b, j))
+    self.dAddOffset(w, 0)
+  }
+  if (mi) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(self, self)
+}
+
+// (protected) alternate constructor
+function bnpFromNumber(a, b, c) {
+  var self = this
+  if ("number" == typeof b) {
+    // new BigInteger(int,int,RNG)
+    if (a < 2) self.fromInt(1)
+    else {
+      self.fromNumber(a, c)
+      if (!self.testBit(a - 1)) // force MSB set
+        self.bitwiseTo(BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(a - 1), op_or, self)
+      if (self.isEven()) self.dAddOffset(1, 0); // force odd
+      while (!self.isProbablePrime(b)) {
+        self.dAddOffset(2, 0)
+        if (self.bitLength() > a) self.subTo(BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(a - 1), self)
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // new BigInteger(int,RNG)
+    var x = new Array(),
+      t = a & 7
+    x.length = (a >> 3) + 1
+    b.nextBytes(x)
+    if (t > 0) x[0] &= ((1 << t) - 1)
+    else x[0] = 0
+    self.fromString(x, 256)
+  }
+}
+
+// (public) convert to bigendian byte array
+function bnToByteArray() {
+  var self = this
+  var i = self.t,
+    r = new Array()
+  r[0] = self.s
+  var p = self.DB - (i * self.DB) % 8,
+    d, k = 0
+  if (i-- > 0) {
+    if (p < self.DB && (d = self[i] >> p) != (self.s & self.DM) >> p)
+      r[k++] = d | (self.s << (self.DB - p))
+    while (i >= 0) {
+      if (p < 8) {
+        d = (self[i] & ((1 << p) - 1)) << (8 - p)
+        d |= self[--i] >> (p += self.DB - 8)
+      } else {
+        d = (self[i] >> (p -= 8)) & 0xff
+        if (p <= 0) {
+          p += self.DB
+          --i
+        }
+      }
+      if ((d & 0x80) != 0) d |= -256
+      if (k === 0 && (self.s & 0x80) != (d & 0x80))++k
+      if (k > 0 || d != self.s) r[k++] = d
+    }
+  }
+  return r
+}
+
+function bnEquals(a) {
+  return (this.compareTo(a) == 0)
+}
+
+function bnMin(a) {
+  return (this.compareTo(a) < 0) ? this : a
+}
+
+function bnMax(a) {
+  return (this.compareTo(a) > 0) ? this : a
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this op a (bitwise)
+function bnpBitwiseTo(a, op, r) {
+  var self = this
+  var i, f, m = Math.min(a.t, self.t)
+  for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) r[i] = op(self[i], a[i])
+  if (a.t < self.t) {
+    f = a.s & self.DM
+    for (i = m; i < self.t; ++i) r[i] = op(self[i], f)
+    r.t = self.t
+  } else {
+    f = self.s & self.DM
+    for (i = m; i < a.t; ++i) r[i] = op(f, a[i])
+    r.t = a.t
+  }
+  r.s = op(self.s, a.s)
+  r.clamp()
+}
+
+// (public) this & a
+function op_and(x, y) {
+  return x & y
+}
+
+function bnAnd(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.bitwiseTo(a, op_and, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this | a
+function op_or(x, y) {
+  return x | y
+}
+
+function bnOr(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.bitwiseTo(a, op_or, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this ^ a
+function op_xor(x, y) {
+  return x ^ y
+}
+
+function bnXor(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.bitwiseTo(a, op_xor, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this & ~a
+function op_andnot(x, y) {
+  return x & ~y
+}
+
+function bnAndNot(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.bitwiseTo(a, op_andnot, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) ~this
+function bnNot() {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i) r[i] = this.DM & ~this[i]
+  r.t = this.t
+  r.s = ~this.s
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this << n
+function bnShiftLeft(n) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  if (n < 0) this.rShiftTo(-n, r)
+  else this.lShiftTo(n, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this >> n
+function bnShiftRight(n) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  if (n < 0) this.lShiftTo(-n, r)
+  else this.rShiftTo(n, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// return index of lowest 1-bit in x, x < 2^31
+function lbit(x) {
+  if (x == 0) return -1
+  var r = 0
+  if ((x & 0xffff) == 0) {
+    x >>= 16
+    r += 16
+  }
+  if ((x & 0xff) == 0) {
+    x >>= 8
+    r += 8
+  }
+  if ((x & 0xf) == 0) {
+    x >>= 4
+    r += 4
+  }
+  if ((x & 3) == 0) {
+    x >>= 2
+    r += 2
+  }
+  if ((x & 1) == 0)++r
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) returns index of lowest 1-bit (or -1 if none)
+function bnGetLowestSetBit() {
+  for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i)
+    if (this[i] != 0) return i * this.DB + lbit(this[i])
+  if (this.s < 0) return this.t * this.DB
+  return -1
+}
+
+// return number of 1 bits in x
+function cbit(x) {
+  var r = 0
+  while (x != 0) {
+    x &= x - 1
+    ++r
+  }
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) return number of set bits
+function bnBitCount() {
+  var r = 0,
+    x = this.s & this.DM
+  for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i) r += cbit(this[i] ^ x)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) true iff nth bit is set
+function bnTestBit(n) {
+  var j = Math.floor(n / this.DB)
+  if (j >= this.t) return (this.s != 0)
+  return ((this[j] & (1 << (n % this.DB))) != 0)
+}
+
+// (protected) this op (1<<n)
+function bnpChangeBit(n, op) {
+  var r = BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(n)
+  this.bitwiseTo(r, op, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this | (1<<n)
+function bnSetBit(n) {
+  return this.changeBit(n, op_or)
+}
+
+// (public) this & ~(1<<n)
+function bnClearBit(n) {
+  return this.changeBit(n, op_andnot)
+}
+
+// (public) this ^ (1<<n)
+function bnFlipBit(n) {
+  return this.changeBit(n, op_xor)
+}
+
+// (protected) r = this + a
+function bnpAddTo(a, r) {
+  var self = this
+
+  var i = 0,
+    c = 0,
+    m = Math.min(a.t, self.t)
+  while (i < m) {
+    c += self[i] + a[i]
+    r[i++] = c & self.DM
+    c >>= self.DB
+  }
+  if (a.t < self.t) {
+    c += a.s
+    while (i < self.t) {
+      c += self[i]
+      r[i++] = c & self.DM
+      c >>= self.DB
+    }
+    c += self.s
+  } else {
+    c += self.s
+    while (i < a.t) {
+      c += a[i]
+      r[i++] = c & self.DM
+      c >>= self.DB
+    }
+    c += a.s
+  }
+  r.s = (c < 0) ? -1 : 0
+  if (c > 0) r[i++] = c
+  else if (c < -1) r[i++] = self.DV + c
+  r.t = i
+  r.clamp()
+}
+
+// (public) this + a
+function bnAdd(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.addTo(a, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this - a
+function bnSubtract(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.subTo(a, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this * a
+function bnMultiply(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.multiplyTo(a, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this^2
+function bnSquare() {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.squareTo(r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this / a
+function bnDivide(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.divRemTo(a, r, null)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) this % a
+function bnRemainder(a) {
+  var r = new BigInteger()
+  this.divRemTo(a, null, r)
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) [this/a,this%a]
+function bnDivideAndRemainder(a) {
+  var q = new BigInteger(),
+    r = new BigInteger()
+  this.divRemTo(a, q, r)
+  return new Array(q, r)
+}
+
+// (protected) this *= n, this >= 0, 1 < n < DV
+function bnpDMultiply(n) {
+  this[this.t] = this.am(0, n - 1, this, 0, 0, this.t)
+  ++this.t
+  this.clamp()
+}
+
+// (protected) this += n << w words, this >= 0
+function bnpDAddOffset(n, w) {
+  if (n == 0) return
+  while (this.t <= w) this[this.t++] = 0
+  this[w] += n
+  while (this[w] >= this.DV) {
+    this[w] -= this.DV
+    if (++w >= this.t) this[this.t++] = 0
+    ++this[w]
+  }
+}
+
+// A "null" reducer
+function NullExp() {}
+
+function nNop(x) {
+  return x
+}
+
+function nMulTo(x, y, r) {
+  x.multiplyTo(y, r)
+}
+
+function nSqrTo(x, r) {
+  x.squareTo(r)
+}
+
+NullExp.prototype.convert = nNop
+NullExp.prototype.revert = nNop
+NullExp.prototype.mulTo = nMulTo
+NullExp.prototype.sqrTo = nSqrTo
+
+// (public) this^e
+function bnPow(e) {
+  return this.exp(e, new NullExp())
+}
+
+// (protected) r = lower n words of "this * a", a.t <= n
+// "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
+function bnpMultiplyLowerTo(a, n, r) {
+  var i = Math.min(this.t + a.t, n)
+  r.s = 0; // assumes a,this >= 0
+  r.t = i
+  while (i > 0) r[--i] = 0
+  var j
+  for (j = r.t - this.t; i < j; ++i) r[i + this.t] = this.am(0, a[i], r, i, 0, this.t)
+  for (j = Math.min(a.t, n); i < j; ++i) this.am(0, a[i], r, i, 0, n - i)
+  r.clamp()
+}
+
+// (protected) r = "this * a" without lower n words, n > 0
+// "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
+function bnpMultiplyUpperTo(a, n, r) {
+  --n
+  var i = r.t = this.t + a.t - n
+  r.s = 0; // assumes a,this >= 0
+  while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0
+  for (i = Math.max(n - this.t, 0); i < a.t; ++i)
+    r[this.t + i - n] = this.am(n - i, a[i], r, 0, 0, this.t + i - n)
+  r.clamp()
+  r.drShiftTo(1, r)
+}
+
+// Barrett modular reduction
+function Barrett(m) {
+  // setup Barrett
+  this.r2 = new BigInteger()
+  this.q3 = new BigInteger()
+  BigInteger.ONE.dlShiftTo(2 * m.t, this.r2)
+  this.mu = this.r2.divide(m)
+  this.m = m
+}
+
+function barrettConvert(x) {
+  if (x.s < 0 || x.t > 2 * this.m.t) return x.mod(this.m)
+  else if (x.compareTo(this.m) < 0) return x
+  else {
+    var r = new BigInteger()
+    x.copyTo(r)
+    this.reduce(r)
+    return r
+  }
+}
+
+function barrettRevert(x) {
+  return x
+}
+
+// x = x mod m (HAC 14.42)
+function barrettReduce(x) {
+  var self = this
+  x.drShiftTo(self.m.t - 1, self.r2)
+  if (x.t > self.m.t + 1) {
+    x.t = self.m.t + 1
+    x.clamp()
+  }
+  self.mu.multiplyUpperTo(self.r2, self.m.t + 1, self.q3)
+  self.m.multiplyLowerTo(self.q3, self.m.t + 1, self.r2)
+  while (x.compareTo(self.r2) < 0) x.dAddOffset(1, self.m.t + 1)
+  x.subTo(self.r2, x)
+  while (x.compareTo(self.m) >= 0) x.subTo(self.m, x)
+}
+
+// r = x^2 mod m; x != r
+function barrettSqrTo(x, r) {
+  x.squareTo(r)
+  this.reduce(r)
+}
+
+// r = x*y mod m; x,y != r
+function barrettMulTo(x, y, r) {
+  x.multiplyTo(y, r)
+  this.reduce(r)
+}
+
+Barrett.prototype.convert = barrettConvert
+Barrett.prototype.revert = barrettRevert
+Barrett.prototype.reduce = barrettReduce
 Barrett.prototype.mulTo = barrettMulTo
 Barrett.prototype.sqrTo = barrettSqrTo
 
-// (public) this^e % m (HAC 14.85)
-function bnModPow(e, m) {
-  var i = e.bitLength(),
-    k, r = nbv(1),
-    z
-  if (i <= 0) return r
-  else if (i < 18) k = 1
-  else if (i < 48) k = 3
-  else if (i < 144) k = 4
-  else if (i < 768) k = 5
-  else k = 6
-  if (i < 8)
-    z = new Classic(m)
-  else if (m.isEven())
-    z = new Barrett(m)
-  else
-    z = new Montgomery(m)
+// (public) this^e % m (HAC 14.85)
+function bnModPow(e, m) {
+  var i = e.bitLength(),
+    k, r = nbv(1),
+    z
+  if (i <= 0) return r
+  else if (i < 18) k = 1
+  else if (i < 48) k = 3
+  else if (i < 144) k = 4
+  else if (i < 768) k = 5
+  else k = 6
+  if (i < 8)
+    z = new Classic(m)
+  else if (m.isEven())
+    z = new Barrett(m)
+  else
+    z = new Montgomery(m)
+
+  // precomputation
+  var g = new Array(),
+    n = 3,
+    k1 = k - 1,
+    km = (1 << k) - 1
+  g[1] = z.convert(this)
+  if (k > 1) {
+    var g2 = new BigInteger()
+    z.sqrTo(g[1], g2)
+    while (n <= km) {
+      g[n] = new BigInteger()
+      z.mulTo(g2, g[n - 2], g[n])
+      n += 2
+    }
+  }
+
+  var j = e.t - 1,
+    w, is1 = true,
+    r2 = new BigInteger(),
+    t
+  i = nbits(e[j]) - 1
+  while (j >= 0) {
+    if (i >= k1) w = (e[j] >> (i - k1)) & km
+    else {
+      w = (e[j] & ((1 << (i + 1)) - 1)) << (k1 - i)
+      if (j > 0) w |= e[j - 1] >> (this.DB + i - k1)
+    }
+
+    n = k
+    while ((w & 1) == 0) {
+      w >>= 1
+      --n
+    }
+    if ((i -= n) < 0) {
+      i += this.DB
+      --j
+    }
+    if (is1) { // ret == 1, don't bother squaring or multiplying it
+      g[w].copyTo(r)
+      is1 = false
+    } else {
+      while (n > 1) {
+        z.sqrTo(r, r2)
+        z.sqrTo(r2, r)
+        n -= 2
+      }
+      if (n > 0) z.sqrTo(r, r2)
+      else {
+        t = r
+        r = r2
+        r2 = t
+      }
+      z.mulTo(r2, g[w], r)
+    }
+
+    while (j >= 0 && (e[j] & (1 << i)) == 0) {
+      z.sqrTo(r, r2)
+      t = r
+      r = r2
+      r2 = t
+      if (--i < 0) {
+        i = this.DB - 1
+        --j
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return z.revert(r)
+}
+
+// (public) gcd(this,a) (HAC 14.54)
+function bnGCD(a) {
+  var x = (this.s < 0) ? this.negate() : this.clone()
+  var y = (a.s < 0) ? a.negate() : a.clone()
+  if (x.compareTo(y) < 0) {
+    var t = x
+    x = y
+    y = t
+  }
+  var i = x.getLowestSetBit(),
+    g = y.getLowestSetBit()
+  if (g < 0) return x
+  if (i < g) g = i
+  if (g > 0) {
+    x.rShiftTo(g, x)
+    y.rShiftTo(g, y)
+  }
+  while (x.signum() > 0) {
+    if ((i = x.getLowestSetBit()) > 0) x.rShiftTo(i, x)
+    if ((i = y.getLowestSetBit()) > 0) y.rShiftTo(i, y)
+    if (x.compareTo(y) >= 0) {
+      x.subTo(y, x)
+      x.rShiftTo(1, x)
+    } else {
+      y.subTo(x, y)
+      y.rShiftTo(1, y)
+    }
+  }
+  if (g > 0) y.lShiftTo(g, y)
+  return y
+}
+
+// (protected) this % n, n < 2^26
+function bnpModInt(n) {
+  if (n <= 0) return 0
+  var d = this.DV % n,
+    r = (this.s < 0) ? n - 1 : 0
+  if (this.t > 0)
+    if (d == 0) r = this[0] % n
+    else
+      for (var i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r = (d * r + this[i]) % n
+  return r
+}
+
+// (public) 1/this % m (HAC 14.61)
+function bnModInverse(m) {
+  var ac = m.isEven()
+  if ((this.isEven() && ac) || m.signum() == 0) return BigInteger.ZERO
+  var u = m.clone(),
+    v = this.clone()
+  var a = nbv(1),
+    b = nbv(0),
+    c = nbv(0),
+    d = nbv(1)
+  while (u.signum() != 0) {
+    while (u.isEven()) {
+      u.rShiftTo(1, u)
+      if (ac) {
+        if (!a.isEven() || !b.isEven()) {
+          a.addTo(this, a)
+          b.subTo(m, b)
+        }
+        a.rShiftTo(1, a)
+      } else if (!b.isEven()) b.subTo(m, b)
+      b.rShiftTo(1, b)
+    }
+    while (v.isEven()) {
+      v.rShiftTo(1, v)
+      if (ac) {
+        if (!c.isEven() || !d.isEven()) {
+          c.addTo(this, c)
+          d.subTo(m, d)
+        }
+        c.rShiftTo(1, c)
+      } else if (!d.isEven()) d.subTo(m, d)
+      d.rShiftTo(1, d)
+    }
+    if (u.compareTo(v) >= 0) {
+      u.subTo(v, u)
+      if (ac) a.subTo(c, a)
+      b.subTo(d, b)
+    } else {
+      v.subTo(u, v)
+      if (ac) c.subTo(a, c)
+      d.subTo(b, d)
+    }
+  }
+  if (v.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) != 0) return BigInteger.ZERO
+  if (d.compareTo(m) >= 0) return d.subtract(m)
+  if (d.signum() < 0) d.addTo(m, d)
+  else return d
+  if (d.signum() < 0) return d.add(m)
+  else return d
+}
+
+var lowprimes = [
+  2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71,
+  73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 127, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151,
+  157, 163, 167, 173, 179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229, 233,
+  239, 241, 251, 257, 263, 269, 271, 277, 281, 283, 293, 307, 311, 313, 317,
+  331, 337, 347, 349, 353, 359, 367, 373, 379, 383, 389, 397, 401, 409, 419,
+  421, 431, 433, 439, 443, 449, 457, 461, 463, 467, 479, 487, 491, 499, 503,
+  509, 521, 523, 541, 547, 557, 563, 569, 571, 577, 587, 593, 599, 601, 607,
+  613, 617, 619, 631, 641, 643, 647, 653, 659, 661, 673, 677, 683, 691, 701,
+  709, 719, 727, 733, 739, 743, 751, 757, 761, 769, 773, 787, 797, 809, 811,
+  821, 823, 827, 829, 839, 853, 857, 859, 863, 877, 881, 883, 887, 907, 911,
+  919, 929, 937, 941, 947, 953, 967, 971, 977, 983, 991, 997
+]
+
+var lplim = (1 << 26) / lowprimes[lowprimes.length - 1]
+
+// (public) test primality with certainty >= 1-.5^t
+function bnIsProbablePrime(t) {
+  var i, x = this.abs()
+  if (x.t == 1 && x[0] <= lowprimes[lowprimes.length - 1]) {
+    for (i = 0; i < lowprimes.length; ++i)
+      if (x[0] == lowprimes[i]) return true
+    return false
+  }
+  if (x.isEven()) return false
+  i = 1
+  while (i < lowprimes.length) {
+    var m = lowprimes[i],
+      j = i + 1
+    while (j < lowprimes.length && m < lplim) m *= lowprimes[j++]
+    m = x.modInt(m)
+    while (i < j) if (m % lowprimes[i++] == 0) return false
+  }
+  return x.millerRabin(t)
+}
+
+// (protected) true if probably prime (HAC 4.24, Miller-Rabin)
+function bnpMillerRabin(t) {
+  var n1 = this.subtract(BigInteger.ONE)
+  var k = n1.getLowestSetBit()
+  if (k <= 0) return false
+  var r = n1.shiftRight(k)
+  t = (t + 1) >> 1
+  if (t > lowprimes.length) t = lowprimes.length
+  var a = new BigInteger(null)
+  var j, bases = []
+  for (var i = 0; i < t; ++i) {
+    for (;;) {
+      j = lowprimes[Math.floor(Math.random() * lowprimes.length)]
+      if (bases.indexOf(j) == -1) break
+    }
+    bases.push(j)
+    a.fromInt(j)
+    var y = a.modPow(r, this)
+    if (y.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) != 0 && y.compareTo(n1) != 0) {
+      var j = 1
+      while (j++ < k && y.compareTo(n1) != 0) {
+        y = y.modPowInt(2, this)
+        if (y.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) == 0) return false
+      }
+      if (y.compareTo(n1) != 0) return false
+    }
+  }
+  return true
+}
+
+// protected
+proto.chunkSize = bnpChunkSize
+proto.toRadix = bnpToRadix
+proto.fromRadix = bnpFromRadix
+proto.fromNumber = bnpFromNumber
+proto.bitwiseTo = bnpBitwiseTo
+proto.changeBit = bnpChangeBit
+proto.addTo = bnpAddTo
+proto.dMultiply = bnpDMultiply
+proto.dAddOffset = bnpDAddOffset
+proto.multiplyLowerTo = bnpMultiplyLowerTo
+proto.multiplyUpperTo = bnpMultiplyUpperTo
+proto.modInt = bnpModInt
+proto.millerRabin = bnpMillerRabin
+
+// public
+proto.clone = bnClone
+proto.intValue = bnIntValue
+proto.byteValue = bnByteValue
+proto.shortValue = bnShortValue
+proto.signum = bnSigNum
+proto.toByteArray = bnToByteArray
+proto.equals = bnEquals
+proto.min = bnMin
+proto.max = bnMax
+proto.and = bnAnd
+proto.or = bnOr
+proto.xor = bnXor
+proto.andNot = bnAndNot
+proto.not = bnNot
+proto.shiftLeft = bnShiftLeft
+proto.shiftRight = bnShiftRight
+proto.getLowestSetBit = bnGetLowestSetBit
+proto.bitCount = bnBitCount
+proto.testBit = bnTestBit
+proto.setBit = bnSetBit
+proto.clearBit = bnClearBit
+proto.flipBit = bnFlipBit
+proto.add = bnAdd
+proto.subtract = bnSubtract
+proto.multiply = bnMultiply
+proto.divide = bnDivide
+proto.remainder = bnRemainder
+proto.divideAndRemainder = bnDivideAndRemainder
+proto.modPow = bnModPow
+proto.modInverse = bnModInverse
+proto.pow = bnPow
+proto.gcd = bnGCD
+proto.isProbablePrime = bnIsProbablePrime
+
+// JSBN-specific extension
+proto.square = bnSquare
+
+// constants
+BigInteger.ZERO = nbv(0)
+BigInteger.ONE = nbv(1)
+BigInteger.valueOf = nbv
+
+module.exports = BigInteger
+
+},{"../package.json":4}],2:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+// FIXME: Kind of a weird way to throw exceptions, consider removing
+var assert = require('assert')
+var BigInteger = require('./bigi')
+
+/**
+ * Turns a byte array into a big integer.
+ *
+ * This function will interpret a byte array as a big integer in big
+ * endian notation.
+ */
+BigInteger.fromByteArrayUnsigned = function(byteArray) {
+  // BigInteger expects a DER integer conformant byte array
+  if (byteArray[0] & 0x80) {
+    return new BigInteger([0].concat(byteArray))
+  }
+
+  return new BigInteger(byteArray)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns a byte array representation of the big integer.
+ *
+ * This returns the absolute of the contained value in big endian
+ * form. A value of zero results in an empty array.
+ */
+BigInteger.prototype.toByteArrayUnsigned = function() {
+  var byteArray = this.toByteArray()
+  return byteArray[0] === 0 ? byteArray.slice(1) : byteArray
+}
+
+BigInteger.fromDERInteger = function(byteArray) {
+  return new BigInteger(byteArray)
+}
+
+/*
+ * Converts BigInteger to a DER integer representation.
+ *
+ * The format for this value uses the most significant bit as a sign
+ * bit.  If the most significant bit is already set and the integer is
+ * positive, a 0x00 is prepended.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *      0 =>     0x00
+ *      1 =>     0x01
+ *     -1 =>     0xff
+ *    127 =>     0x7f
+ *   -127 =>     0x81
+ *    128 =>   0x0080
+ *   -128 =>     0x80
+ *    255 =>   0x00ff
+ *   -255 =>   0xff01
+ *  16300 =>   0x3fac
+ * -16300 =>   0xc054
+ *  62300 => 0x00f35c
+ * -62300 => 0xff0ca4
+*/
+BigInteger.prototype.toDERInteger = BigInteger.prototype.toByteArray
+
+BigInteger.fromBuffer = function(buffer) {
+  // BigInteger expects a DER integer conformant byte array
+  if (buffer[0] & 0x80) {
+    var byteArray = Array.prototype.slice.call(buffer)
+
+    return new BigInteger([0].concat(byteArray))
+  }
+
+  return new BigInteger(buffer)
+}
+
+BigInteger.fromHex = function(hex) {
+  if (hex === '') return BigInteger.ZERO
+
+  assert.equal(hex, hex.match(/^[A-Fa-f0-9]+/), 'Invalid hex string')
+  assert.equal(hex.length % 2, 0, 'Incomplete hex')
+  return new BigInteger(hex, 16)
+}
+
+BigInteger.prototype.toBuffer = function(size) {
+  var byteArray = this.toByteArrayUnsigned()
+  var zeros = []
+
+  var padding = size - byteArray.length
+  while (zeros.length < padding) zeros.push(0)
+
+  return new Buffer(zeros.concat(byteArray))
+}
+
+BigInteger.prototype.toHex = function(size) {
+  return this.toBuffer(size).toString('hex')
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./bigi":1,"assert":5,"buffer":7}],3:[function(require,module,exports){
+var BigInteger = require('./bigi')
+
+//addons
+require('./convert')
+
+module.exports = BigInteger
+},{"./bigi":1,"./convert":2}],4:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports={
+  "name": "bigi",
+  "version": "1.4.0",
+  "description": "Big integers.",
+  "keywords": [
+    "cryptography",
+    "math",
+    "bitcoin",
+    "arbitrary",
+    "precision",
+    "arithmetic",
+    "big",
+    "integer",
+    "int",
+    "number",
+    "biginteger",
+    "bigint",
+    "bignumber",
+    "decimal",
+    "float"
+  ],
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "mocha": "^1.20.1",
+    "jshint": "^2.5.1",
+    "coveralls": "^2.10.0",
+    "istanbul": "^0.2.11"
+  },
+  "repository": {
+    "url": "https://github.com/cryptocoinjs/bigi",
+    "type": "git"
+  },
+  "main": "./lib/index.js",
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "_mocha -- test/*.js",
+    "jshint": "jshint --config jshint.json lib/*.js ; true",
+    "unit": "mocha",
+    "coverage": "istanbul cover ./node_modules/.bin/_mocha -- --reporter list test/*.js",
+    "coveralls": "npm run-script coverage && node ./node_modules/.bin/coveralls < coverage/lcov.info"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {},
+  "testling": {
+    "files": "test/*.js",
+    "harness": "mocha",
+    "browsers": [
+      "ie/9..latest",
+      "firefox/latest",
+      "chrome/latest",
+      "safari/6.0..latest",
+      "iphone/6.0..latest",
+      "android-browser/4.2..latest"
+    ]
+  },
+  "bugs": {
+    "url": "https://github.com/cryptocoinjs/bigi/issues"
+  },
+  "homepage": "https://github.com/cryptocoinjs/bigi",
+  "_id": "bigi@1.4.0",
+  "dist": {
+    "shasum": "90ac1aeac0a531216463bdb58f42c1e05c8407ac",
+    "tarball": "http://registry.npmjs.org/bigi/-/bigi-1.4.0.tgz"
+  },
+  "_from": "bigi@^1.4.0",
+  "_npmVersion": "1.4.3",
+  "_npmUser": {
+    "name": "jp",
+    "email": "jprichardson@gmail.com"
+  },
+  "maintainers": [
+    {
+      "name": "jp",
+      "email": "jprichardson@gmail.com"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "midnightlightning",
+      "email": "boydb@midnightdesign.ws"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "sidazhang",
+      "email": "sidazhang89@gmail.com"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "nadav",
+      "email": "npm@shesek.info"
+    }
+  ],
+  "directories": {},
+  "_shasum": "90ac1aeac0a531216463bdb58f42c1e05c8407ac",
+  "_resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/bigi/-/bigi-1.4.0.tgz"
+}
+
+},{}],5:[function(require,module,exports){
+// http://wiki.commonjs.org/wiki/Unit_Testing/1.0
+//
+// THIS IS NOT TESTED NOR LIKELY TO WORK OUTSIDE V8!
+//
+// Originally from narwhal.js (http://narwhaljs.org)
+// Copyright (c) 2009 Thomas Robinson <280north.com>
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to
+// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+// ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// when used in node, this will actually load the util module we depend on
+// versus loading the builtin util module as happens otherwise
+// this is a bug in node module loading as far as I am concerned
+var util = require('util/');
+
+var pSlice = Array.prototype.slice;
+var hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
+
+// 1. The assert module provides functions that throw
+// AssertionError's when particular conditions are not met. The
+// assert module must conform to the following interface.
+
+var assert = module.exports = ok;
+
+// 2. The AssertionError is defined in assert.
+// new assert.AssertionError({ message: message,
+//                             actual: actual,
+//                             expected: expected })
+
+assert.AssertionError = function AssertionError(options) {
+  this.name = 'AssertionError';
+  this.actual = options.actual;
+  this.expected = options.expected;
+  this.operator = options.operator;
+  if (options.message) {
+    this.message = options.message;
+    this.generatedMessage = false;
+  } else {
+    this.message = getMessage(this);
+    this.generatedMessage = true;
+  }
+  var stackStartFunction = options.stackStartFunction || fail;
+
+  if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
+    Error.captureStackTrace(this, stackStartFunction);
+  }
+  else {
+    // non v8 browsers so we can have a stacktrace
+    var err = new Error();
+    if (err.stack) {
+      var out = err.stack;
+
+      // try to strip useless frames
+      var fn_name = stackStartFunction.name;
+      var idx = out.indexOf('\n' + fn_name);
+      if (idx >= 0) {
+        // once we have located the function frame
+        // we need to strip out everything before it (and its line)
+        var next_line = out.indexOf('\n', idx + 1);
+        out = out.substring(next_line + 1);
+      }
+
+      this.stack = out;
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// assert.AssertionError instanceof Error
+util.inherits(assert.AssertionError, Error);
+
+function replacer(key, value) {
+  if (util.isUndefined(value)) {
+    return '' + value;
+  }
+  if (util.isNumber(value) && !isFinite(value)) {
+    return value.toString();
+  }
+  if (util.isFunction(value) || util.isRegExp(value)) {
+    return value.toString();
+  }
+  return value;
+}
+
+function truncate(s, n) {
+  if (util.isString(s)) {
+    return s.length < n ? s : s.slice(0, n);
+  } else {
+    return s;
+  }
+}
+
+function getMessage(self) {
+  return truncate(JSON.stringify(self.actual, replacer), 128) + ' ' +
+         self.operator + ' ' +
+         truncate(JSON.stringify(self.expected, replacer), 128);
+}
+
+// At present only the three keys mentioned above are used and
+// understood by the spec. Implementations or sub modules can pass
+// other keys to the AssertionError's constructor - they will be
+// ignored.
+
+// 3. All of the following functions must throw an AssertionError
+// when a corresponding condition is not met, with a message that
+// may be undefined if not provided.  All assertion methods provide
+// both the actual and expected values to the assertion error for
+// display purposes.
+
+function fail(actual, expected, message, operator, stackStartFunction) {
+  throw new assert.AssertionError({
+    message: message,
+    actual: actual,
+    expected: expected,
+    operator: operator,
+    stackStartFunction: stackStartFunction
+  });
+}
+
+// EXTENSION! allows for well behaved errors defined elsewhere.
+assert.fail = fail;
+
+// 4. Pure assertion tests whether a value is truthy, as determined
+// by !!guard.
+// assert.ok(guard, message_opt);
+// This statement is equivalent to assert.equal(true, !!guard,
+// message_opt);. To test strictly for the value true, use
+// assert.strictEqual(true, guard, message_opt);.
+
+function ok(value, message) {
+  if (!value) fail(value, true, message, '==', assert.ok);
+}
+assert.ok = ok;
+
+// 5. The equality assertion tests shallow, coercive equality with
+// ==.
+// assert.equal(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.equal = function equal(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual != expected) fail(actual, expected, message, '==', assert.equal);
+};
+
+// 6. The non-equality assertion tests for whether two objects are not equal
+// with != assert.notEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notEqual = function notEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual == expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '!=', assert.notEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+// 7. The equivalence assertion tests a deep equality relation.
+// assert.deepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.deepEqual = function deepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (!_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, 'deepEqual', assert.deepEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+function _deepEqual(actual, expected) {
+  // 7.1. All identical values are equivalent, as determined by ===.
+  if (actual === expected) {
+    return true;
+
+  } else if (util.isBuffer(actual) && util.isBuffer(expected)) {
+    if (actual.length != expected.length) return false;
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < actual.length; i++) {
+      if (actual[i] !== expected[i]) return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+
+  // 7.2. If the expected value is a Date object, the actual value is
+  // equivalent if it is also a Date object that refers to the same time.
+  } else if (util.isDate(actual) && util.isDate(expected)) {
+    return actual.getTime() === expected.getTime();
+
+  // 7.3 If the expected value is a RegExp object, the actual value is
+  // equivalent if it is also a RegExp object with the same source and
+  // properties (`global`, `multiline`, `lastIndex`, `ignoreCase`).
+  } else if (util.isRegExp(actual) && util.isRegExp(expected)) {
+    return actual.source === expected.source &&
+           actual.global === expected.global &&
+           actual.multiline === expected.multiline &&
+           actual.lastIndex === expected.lastIndex &&
+           actual.ignoreCase === expected.ignoreCase;
+
+  // 7.4. Other pairs that do not both pass typeof value == 'object',
+  // equivalence is determined by ==.
+  } else if (!util.isObject(actual) && !util.isObject(expected)) {
+    return actual == expected;
+
+  // 7.5 For all other Object pairs, including Array objects, equivalence is
+  // determined by having the same number of owned properties (as verified
+  // with Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call), the same set of keys
+  // (although not necessarily the same order), equivalent values for every
+  // corresponding key, and an identical 'prototype' property. Note: this
+  // accounts for both named and indexed properties on Arrays.
+  } else {
+    return objEquiv(actual, expected);
+  }
+}
+
+function isArguments(object) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(object) == '[object Arguments]';
+}
+
+function objEquiv(a, b) {
+  if (util.isNullOrUndefined(a) || util.isNullOrUndefined(b))
+    return false;
+  // an identical 'prototype' property.
+  if (a.prototype !== b.prototype) return false;
+  // if one is a primitive, the other must be same
+  if (util.isPrimitive(a) || util.isPrimitive(b)) {
+    return a === b;
+  }
+  var aIsArgs = isArguments(a),
+      bIsArgs = isArguments(b);
+  if ((aIsArgs && !bIsArgs) || (!aIsArgs && bIsArgs))
+    return false;
+  if (aIsArgs) {
+    a = pSlice.call(a);
+    b = pSlice.call(b);
+    return _deepEqual(a, b);
+  }
+  var ka = objectKeys(a),
+      kb = objectKeys(b),
+      key, i;
+  // having the same number of owned properties (keys incorporates
+  // hasOwnProperty)
+  if (ka.length != kb.length)
+    return false;
+  //the same set of keys (although not necessarily the same order),
+  ka.sort();
+  kb.sort();
+  //~~~cheap key test
+  for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    if (ka[i] != kb[i])
+      return false;
+  }
+  //equivalent values for every corresponding key, and
+  //~~~possibly expensive deep test
+  for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    key = ka[i];
+    if (!_deepEqual(a[key], b[key])) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// 8. The non-equivalence assertion tests for any deep inequality.
+// assert.notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notDeepEqual = function notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, 'notDeepEqual', assert.notDeepEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+// 9. The strict equality assertion tests strict equality, as determined by ===.
+// assert.strictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.strictEqual = function strictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual !== expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '===', assert.strictEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+// 10. The strict non-equality assertion tests for strict inequality, as
+// determined by !==.  assert.notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notStrictEqual = function notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual === expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '!==', assert.notStrictEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+function expectedException(actual, expected) {
+  if (!actual || !expected) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (Object.prototype.toString.call(expected) == '[object RegExp]') {
+    return expected.test(actual);
+  } else if (actual instanceof expected) {
+    return true;
+  } else if (expected.call({}, actual) === true) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+function _throws(shouldThrow, block, expected, message) {
+  var actual;
+
+  if (util.isString(expected)) {
+    message = expected;
+    expected = null;
+  }
+
+  try {
+    block();
+  } catch (e) {
+    actual = e;
+  }
+
+  message = (expected && expected.name ? ' (' + expected.name + ').' : '.') +
+            (message ? ' ' + message : '.');
+
+  if (shouldThrow && !actual) {
+    fail(actual, expected, 'Missing expected exception' + message);
+  }
+
+  if (!shouldThrow && expectedException(actual, expected)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, 'Got unwanted exception' + message);
+  }
+
+  if ((shouldThrow && actual && expected &&
+      !expectedException(actual, expected)) || (!shouldThrow && actual)) {
+    throw actual;
+  }
+}
+
+// 11. Expected to throw an error:
+// assert.throws(block, Error_opt, message_opt);
+
+assert.throws = function(block, /*optional*/error, /*optional*/message) {
+  _throws.apply(this, [true].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
+};
+
+// EXTENSION! This is annoying to write outside this module.
+assert.doesNotThrow = function(block, /*optional*/message) {
+  _throws.apply(this, [false].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
+};
+
+assert.ifError = function(err) { if (err) {throw err;}};
+
+var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
+  var keys = [];
+  for (var key in obj) {
+    if (hasOwn.call(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
+  }
+  return keys;
+};
+
+},{"util/":29}],6:[function(require,module,exports){
+
+},{}],7:[function(require,module,exports){
+/*!
+ * The buffer module from node.js, for the browser.
+ *
+ * @author   Feross Aboukhadijeh <feross@feross.org> <http://feross.org>
+ * @license  MIT
+ */
+
+var base64 = require('base64-js')
+var ieee754 = require('ieee754')
+var isArray = require('is-array')
+
+exports.Buffer = Buffer
+exports.SlowBuffer = SlowBuffer
+exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50
+Buffer.poolSize = 8192 // not used by this implementation
+
+var rootParent = {}
+
+/**
+ * If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
+ *   === true    Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
+ *   === false   Use Object implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
+ *
+ * Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
+ * Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
+ *
+ * Due to various browser bugs, sometimes the Object implementation will be used even
+ * when the browser supports typed arrays.
+ *
+ * Note:
+ *
+ *   - Firefox 4-29 lacks support for adding new properties to `Uint8Array` instances,
+ *     See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438.
+ *
+ *   - Safari 5-7 lacks support for changing the `Object.prototype.constructor` property
+ *     on objects.
+ *
+ *   - Chrome 9-10 is missing the `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function.
+ *
+ *   - IE10 has a broken `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function which returns arrays of
+ *     incorrect length in some situations.
+
+ * We detect these buggy browsers and set `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT` to `false` so they
+ * get the Object implementation, which is slower but behaves correctly.
+ */
+Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT = (function () {
+  function Bar () {}
+  try {
+    var arr = new Uint8Array(1)
+    arr.foo = function () { return 42 }
+    arr.constructor = Bar
+    return arr.foo() === 42 && // typed array instances can be augmented
+        arr.constructor === Bar && // constructor can be set
+        typeof arr.subarray === 'function' && // chrome 9-10 lack `subarray`
+        arr.subarray(1, 1).byteLength === 0 // ie10 has broken `subarray`
+  } catch (e) {
+    return false
+  }
+})()
+
+function kMaxLength () {
+  return Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT
+    ? 0x7fffffff
+    : 0x3fffffff
+}
+
+/**
+ * Class: Buffer
+ * =============
+ *
+ * The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that are augmented
+ * with function properties for all the node `Buffer` API functions. We use
+ * `Uint8Array` so that square bracket notation works as expected -- it returns
+ * a single octet.
+ *
+ * By augmenting the instances, we can avoid modifying the `Uint8Array`
+ * prototype.
+ */
+function Buffer (arg) {
+  if (!(this instanceof Buffer)) {
+    // Avoid going through an ArgumentsAdaptorTrampoline in the common case.
+    if (arguments.length > 1) return new Buffer(arg, arguments[1])
+    return new Buffer(arg)
+  }
+
+  this.length = 0
+  this.parent = undefined
+
+  // Common case.
+  if (typeof arg === 'number') {
+    return fromNumber(this, arg)
+  }
+
+  // Slightly less common case.
+  if (typeof arg === 'string') {
+    return fromString(this, arg, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : 'utf8')
+  }
+
+  // Unusual.
+  return fromObject(this, arg)
+}
+
+function fromNumber (that, length) {
+  that = allocate(that, length < 0 ? 0 : checked(length) | 0)
+  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      that[i] = 0
+    }
+  }
+  return that
+}
+
+function fromString (that, string, encoding) {
+  if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') encoding = 'utf8'
+
+  // Assumption: byteLength() return value is always < kMaxLength.
+  var length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0
+  that = allocate(that, length)
+
+  that.write(string, encoding)
+  return that
+}
+
+function fromObject (that, object) {
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(object)) return fromBuffer(that, object)
+
+  if (isArray(object)) return fromArray(that, object)
+
+  if (object == null) {
+    throw new TypeError('must start with number, buffer, array or string')
+  }
+
+  if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined') {
+    if (object.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+      return fromTypedArray(that, object)
+    }
+    if (object instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+      return fromArrayBuffer(that, object)
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (object.length) return fromArrayLike(that, object)
+
+  return fromJsonObject(that, object)
+}
+
+function fromBuffer (that, buffer) {
+  var length = checked(buffer.length) | 0
+  that = allocate(that, length)
+  buffer.copy(that, 0, 0, length)
+  return that
+}
+
+function fromArray (that, array) {
+  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
+  that = allocate(that, length)
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+    that[i] = array[i] & 255
+  }
+  return that
+}
+
+// Duplicate of fromArray() to keep fromArray() monomorphic.
+function fromTypedArray (that, array) {
+  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
+  that = allocate(that, length)
+  // Truncating the elements is probably not what people expect from typed
+  // arrays with BYTES_PER_ELEMENT > 1 but it's compatible with the behavior
+  // of the old Buffer constructor.
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+    that[i] = array[i] & 255
+  }
+  return that
+}
+
+function fromArrayBuffer (that, array) {
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
+    array.byteLength
+    that = Buffer._augment(new Uint8Array(array))
+  } else {
+    // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
+    that = fromTypedArray(that, new Uint8Array(array))
+  }
+  return that
+}
+
+function fromArrayLike (that, array) {
+  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
+  that = allocate(that, length)
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+    that[i] = array[i] & 255
+  }
+  return that
+}
+
+// Deserialize { type: 'Buffer', data: [1,2,3,...] } into a Buffer object.
+// Returns a zero-length buffer for inputs that don't conform to the spec.
+function fromJsonObject (that, object) {
+  var array
+  var length = 0
+
+  if (object.type === 'Buffer' && isArray(object.data)) {
+    array = object.data
+    length = checked(array.length) | 0
+  }
+  that = allocate(that, length)
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+    that[i] = array[i] & 255
+  }
+  return that
+}
+
+function allocate (that, length) {
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
+    that = Buffer._augment(new Uint8Array(length))
+  } else {
+    // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
+    that.length = length
+    that._isBuffer = true
+  }
+
+  var fromPool = length !== 0 && length <= Buffer.poolSize >>> 1
+  if (fromPool) that.parent = rootParent
+
+  return that
+}
+
+function checked (length) {
+  // Note: cannot use `length < kMaxLength` here because that fails when
+  // length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
+  if (length >= kMaxLength()) {
+    throw new RangeError('Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
+                         'size: 0x' + kMaxLength().toString(16) + ' bytes')
+  }
+  return length | 0
+}
+
+function SlowBuffer (subject, encoding) {
+  if (!(this instanceof SlowBuffer)) return new SlowBuffer(subject, encoding)
+
+  var buf = new Buffer(subject, encoding)
+  delete buf.parent
+  return buf
+}
+
+Buffer.isBuffer = function isBuffer (b) {
+  return !!(b != null && b._isBuffer)
+}
+
+Buffer.compare = function compare (a, b) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(a) || !Buffer.isBuffer(b)) {
+    throw new TypeError('Arguments must be Buffers')
+  }
+
+  if (a === b) return 0
+
+  var x = a.length
+  var y = b.length
+
+  var i = 0
+  var len = Math.min(x, y)
+  while (i < len) {
+    if (a[i] !== b[i]) break
+
+    ++i
+  }
+
+  if (i !== len) {
+    x = a[i]
+    y = b[i]
+  }
+
+  if (x < y) return -1
+  if (y < x) return 1
+  return 0
+}
+
+Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding (encoding) {
+  switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
+    case 'hex':
+    case 'utf8':
+    case 'utf-8':
+    case 'ascii':
+    case 'binary':
+    case 'base64':
+    case 'raw':
+    case 'ucs2':
+    case 'ucs-2':
+    case 'utf16le':
+    case 'utf-16le':
+      return true
+    default:
+      return false
+  }
+}
+
+Buffer.concat = function concat (list, length) {
+  if (!isArray(list)) throw new TypeError('list argument must be an Array of Buffers.')
+
+  if (list.length === 0) {
+    return new Buffer(0)
+  }
+
+  var i
+  if (length === undefined) {
+    length = 0
+    for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
+      length += list[i].length
+    }
+  }
+
+  var buf = new Buffer(length)
+  var pos = 0
+  for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
+    var item = list[i]
+    item.copy(buf, pos)
+    pos += item.length
+  }
+  return buf
+}
+
+function byteLength (string, encoding) {
+  if (typeof string !== 'string') string = '' + string
+
+  var len = string.length
+  if (len === 0) return 0
+
+  // Use a for loop to avoid recursion
+  var loweredCase = false
+  for (;;) {
+    switch (encoding) {
+      case 'ascii':
+      case 'binary':
+      // Deprecated
+      case 'raw':
+      case 'raws':
+        return len
+      case 'utf8':
+      case 'utf-8':
+        return utf8ToBytes(string).length
+      case 'ucs2':
+      case 'ucs-2':
+      case 'utf16le':
+      case 'utf-16le':
+        return len * 2
+      case 'hex':
+        return len >>> 1
+      case 'base64':
+        return base64ToBytes(string).length
+      default:
+        if (loweredCase) return utf8ToBytes(string).length // assume utf8
+        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
+        loweredCase = true
+    }
+  }
+}
+Buffer.byteLength = byteLength
+
+// pre-set for values that may exist in the future
+Buffer.prototype.length = undefined
+Buffer.prototype.parent = undefined
+
+function slowToString (encoding, start, end) {
+  var loweredCase = false
+
+  start = start | 0
+  end = end === undefined || end === Infinity ? this.length : end | 0
+
+  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
+  if (start < 0) start = 0
+  if (end > this.length) end = this.length
+  if (end <= start) return ''
+
+  while (true) {
+    switch (encoding) {
+      case 'hex':
+        return hexSlice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'utf8':
+      case 'utf-8':
+        return utf8Slice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'ascii':
+        return asciiSlice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'binary':
+        return binarySlice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'base64':
+        return base64Slice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'ucs2':
+      case 'ucs-2':
+      case 'utf16le':
+      case 'utf-16le':
+        return utf16leSlice(this, start, end)
+
+      default:
+        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
+        encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase()
+        loweredCase = true
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString () {
+  var length = this.length | 0
+  if (length === 0) return ''
+  if (arguments.length === 0) return utf8Slice(this, 0, length)
+  return slowToString.apply(this, arguments)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals (b) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
+  if (this === b) return true
+  return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.inspect = function inspect () {
+  var str = ''
+  var max = exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES
+  if (this.length > 0) {
+    str = this.toString('hex', 0, max).match(/.{2}/g).join(' ')
+    if (this.length > max) str += ' ... '
+  }
+  return '<Buffer ' + str + '>'
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare (b) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
+  if (this === b) return 0
+  return Buffer.compare(this, b)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf (val, byteOffset) {
+  if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) byteOffset = 0x7fffffff
+  else if (byteOffset < -0x80000000) byteOffset = -0x80000000
+  byteOffset >>= 0
+
+  if (this.length === 0) return -1
+  if (byteOffset >= this.length) return -1
+
+  // Negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
+  if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = Math.max(this.length + byteOffset, 0)
+
+  if (typeof val === 'string') {
+    if (val.length === 0) return -1 // special case: looking for empty string always fails
+    return String.prototype.indexOf.call(this, val, byteOffset)
+  }
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(val)) {
+    return arrayIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset)
+  }
+  if (typeof val === 'number') {
+    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function') {
+      return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(this, val, byteOffset)
+    }
+    return arrayIndexOf(this, [ val ], byteOffset)
+  }
+
+  function arrayIndexOf (arr, val, byteOffset) {
+    var foundIndex = -1
+    for (var i = 0; byteOffset + i < arr.length; i++) {
+      if (arr[byteOffset + i] === val[foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex]) {
+        if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i
+        if (i - foundIndex + 1 === val.length) return byteOffset + foundIndex
+      } else {
+        foundIndex = -1
+      }
+    }
+    return -1
+  }
+
+  throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer')
+}
+
+// `get` is deprecated
+Buffer.prototype.get = function get (offset) {
+  console.log('.get() is deprecated. Access using array indexes instead.')
+  return this.readUInt8(offset)
+}
+
+// `set` is deprecated
+Buffer.prototype.set = function set (v, offset) {
+  console.log('.set() is deprecated. Access using array indexes instead.')
+  return this.writeUInt8(v, offset)
+}
+
+function hexWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  offset = Number(offset) || 0
+  var remaining = buf.length - offset
+  if (!length) {
+    length = remaining
+  } else {
+    length = Number(length)
+    if (length > remaining) {
+      length = remaining
+    }
+  }
+
+  // must be an even number of digits
+  var strLen = string.length
+  if (strLen % 2 !== 0) throw new Error('Invalid hex string')
+
+  if (length > strLen / 2) {
+    length = strLen / 2
+  }
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    var parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16)
+    if (isNaN(parsed)) throw new Error('Invalid hex string')
+    buf[offset + i] = parsed
+  }
+  return i
+}
+
+function utf8Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return blitBuffer(utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
+}
+
+function asciiWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
+}
+
+function binaryWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length)
+}
+
+function base64Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
+}
+
+function ucs2Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return blitBuffer(utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.write = function write (string, offset, length, encoding) {
+  // Buffer#write(string)
+  if (offset === undefined) {
+    encoding = 'utf8'
+    length = this.length
+    offset = 0
+  // Buffer#write(string, encoding)
+  } else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
+    encoding = offset
+    length = this.length
+    offset = 0
+  // Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
+  } else if (isFinite(offset)) {
+    offset = offset | 0
+    if (isFinite(length)) {
+      length = length | 0
+      if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8'
+    } else {
+      encoding = length
+      length = undefined
+    }
+  // legacy write(string, encoding, offset, length) - remove in v0.13
+  } else {
+    var swap = encoding
+    encoding = offset
+    offset = length | 0
+    length = swap
+  }
+
+  var remaining = this.length - offset
+  if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining
+
+  if ((string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) || offset > this.length) {
+    throw new RangeError('attempt to write outside buffer bounds')
+  }
+
+  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
+
+  var loweredCase = false
+  for (;;) {
+    switch (encoding) {
+      case 'hex':
+        return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'utf8':
+      case 'utf-8':
+        return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'ascii':
+        return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'binary':
+        return binaryWrite(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'base64':
+        // Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
+        return base64Write(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'ucs2':
+      case 'ucs-2':
+      case 'utf16le':
+      case 'utf-16le':
+        return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      default:
+        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
+        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
+        loweredCase = true
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () {
+  return {
+    type: 'Buffer',
+    data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0)
+  }
+}
+
+function base64Slice (buf, start, end) {
+  if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
+    return base64.fromByteArray(buf)
+  } else {
+    return base64.fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end))
+  }
+}
+
+function utf8Slice (buf, start, end) {
+  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
+  var firstByte
+  var secondByte
+  var thirdByte
+  var fourthByte
+  var bytesPerSequence
+  var tempCodePoint
+  var codePoint
+  var res = []
+  var i = start
+
+  for (; i < end; i += bytesPerSequence) {
+    firstByte = buf[i]
+    codePoint = 0xFFFD
+
+    if (firstByte > 0xEF) {
+      bytesPerSequence = 4
+    } else if (firstByte > 0xDF) {
+      bytesPerSequence = 3
+    } else if (firstByte > 0xBF) {
+      bytesPerSequence = 2
+    } else {
+      bytesPerSequence = 1
+    }
+
+    if (i + bytesPerSequence <= end) {
+      switch (bytesPerSequence) {
+        case 1:
+          if (firstByte < 0x80) {
+            codePoint = firstByte
+          }
+          break
+        case 2:
+          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
+          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (secondByte & 0x3F)
+            if (tempCodePoint > 0x7F) {
+              codePoint = tempCodePoint
+            }
+          }
+          break
+        case 3:
+          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
+          thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
+          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0xC | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (thirdByte & 0x3F)
+            if (tempCodePoint > 0x7FF && (tempCodePoint < 0xD800 || tempCodePoint > 0xDFFF)) {
+              codePoint = tempCodePoint
+            }
+          }
+          break
+        case 4:
+          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
+          thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
+          fourthByte = buf[i + 3]
+          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (fourthByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0x12 | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0xC | (thirdByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (fourthByte & 0x3F)
+            if (tempCodePoint > 0xFFFF && tempCodePoint < 0x110000) {
+              codePoint = tempCodePoint
+            }
+          }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (codePoint === 0xFFFD) {
+      // we generated an invalid codePoint so make sure to only advance by 1 byte
+      bytesPerSequence = 1
+    } else if (codePoint > 0xFFFF) {
+      // encode to utf16 (surrogate pair dance)
+      codePoint -= 0x10000
+      res.push(codePoint >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800)
+      codePoint = 0xDC00 | codePoint & 0x3FF
+    }
+
+    res.push(codePoint)
+  }
+
+  return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, res)
+}
+
+function asciiSlice (buf, start, end) {
+  var ret = ''
+  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
+
+  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
+    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i] & 0x7F)
+  }
+  return ret
+}
+
+function binarySlice (buf, start, end) {
+  var ret = ''
+  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
+
+  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
+    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i])
+  }
+  return ret
+}
+
+function hexSlice (buf, start, end) {
+  var len = buf.length
+
+  if (!start || start < 0) start = 0
+  if (!end || end < 0 || end > len) end = len
+
+  var out = ''
+  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
+    out += toHex(buf[i])
+  }
+  return out
+}
+
+function utf16leSlice (buf, start, end) {
+  var bytes = buf.slice(start, end)
+  var res = ''
+  for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {
+    res += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i] + bytes[i + 1] * 256)
+  }
+  return res
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.slice = function slice (start, end) {
+  var len = this.length
+  start = ~~start
+  end = end === undefined ? len : ~~end
+
+  if (start < 0) {
+    start += len
+    if (start < 0) start = 0
+  } else if (start > len) {
+    start = len
+  }
+
+  if (end < 0) {
+    end += len
+    if (end < 0) end = 0
+  } else if (end > len) {
+    end = len
+  }
+
+  if (end < start) end = start
+
+  var newBuf
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    newBuf = Buffer._augment(this.subarray(start, end))
+  } else {
+    var sliceLen = end - start
+    newBuf = new Buffer(sliceLen, undefined)
+    for (var i = 0; i < sliceLen; i++) {
+      newBuf[i] = this[i + start]
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (newBuf.length) newBuf.parent = this.parent || this
+
+  return newBuf
+}
+
+/*
+ * Need to make sure that buffer isn't trying to write out of bounds.
+ */
+function checkOffset (offset, ext, length) {
+  if ((offset % 1) !== 0 || offset < 0) throw new RangeError('offset is not uint')
+  if (offset + ext > length) throw new RangeError('Trying to access beyond buffer length')
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUIntLE = function readUIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset | 0
+  byteLength = byteLength | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+
+  var val = this[offset]
+  var mul = 1
+  var i = 0
+  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    val += this[offset + i] * mul
+  }
+
+  return val
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUIntBE = function readUIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset | 0
+  byteLength = byteLength | 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+  }
+
+  var val = this[offset + --byteLength]
+  var mul = 1
+  while (byteLength > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    val += this[offset + --byteLength] * mul
+  }
+
+  return val
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt8 = function readUInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
+  return this[offset]
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt16LE = function readUInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
+  return this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt16BE = function readUInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
+  return (this[offset] << 8) | this[offset + 1]
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt32LE = function readUInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+
+  return ((this[offset]) |
+      (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
+      (this[offset + 2] << 16)) +
+      (this[offset + 3] * 0x1000000)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt32BE = function readUInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+
+  return (this[offset] * 0x1000000) +
+    ((this[offset + 1] << 16) |
+    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
+    this[offset + 3])
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readIntLE = function readIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset | 0
+  byteLength = byteLength | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+
+  var val = this[offset]
+  var mul = 1
+  var i = 0
+  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    val += this[offset + i] * mul
+  }
+  mul *= 0x80
+
+  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)
+
+  return val
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readIntBE = function readIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset | 0
+  byteLength = byteLength | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+
+  var i = byteLength
+  var mul = 1
+  var val = this[offset + --i]
+  while (i > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    val += this[offset + --i] * mul
+  }
+  mul *= 0x80
+
+  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)
+
+  return val
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readInt8 = function readInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
+  if (!(this[offset] & 0x80)) return (this[offset])
+  return ((0xff - this[offset] + 1) * -1)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readInt16LE = function readInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
+  var val = this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
+  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readInt16BE = function readInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
+  var val = this[offset + 1] | (this[offset] << 8)
+  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readInt32LE = function readInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+
+  return (this[offset]) |
+    (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
+    (this[offset + 2] << 16) |
+    (this[offset + 3] << 24)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readInt32BE = function readInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+
+  return (this[offset] << 24) |
+    (this[offset + 1] << 16) |
+    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
+    (this[offset + 3])
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readFloatLE = function readFloatLE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+  return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 23, 4)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readFloatBE = function readFloatBE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+  return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 23, 4)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readDoubleLE = function readDoubleLE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
+  return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 52, 8)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readDoubleBE = function readDoubleBE (offset, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
+  return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 52, 8)
+}
+
+function checkInt (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) throw new TypeError('buffer must be a Buffer instance')
+  if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('value is out of bounds')
+  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUIntLE = function writeUIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  byteLength = byteLength | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength), 0)
+
+  var mul = 1
+  var i = 0
+  this[offset] = value & 0xFF
+  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF
+  }
+
+  return offset + byteLength
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUIntBE = function writeUIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  byteLength = byteLength | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength), 0)
+
+  var i = byteLength - 1
+  var mul = 1
+  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF
+  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF
+  }
+
+  return offset + byteLength
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt8 = function writeUInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0xff, 0)
+  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value)
+  this[offset] = value
+  return offset + 1
+}
+
+function objectWriteUInt16 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
+  if (value < 0) value = 0xffff + value + 1
+  for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 2); i < j; i++) {
+    buf[offset + i] = (value & (0xff << (8 * (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i)))) >>>
+      (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i) * 8
+  }
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16LE = function writeUInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    this[offset] = value
+    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
+  } else {
+    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true)
+  }
+  return offset + 2
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16BE = function writeUInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    this[offset] = (value >>> 8)
+    this[offset + 1] = value
+  } else {
+    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false)
+  }
+  return offset + 2
+}
+
+function objectWriteUInt32 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
+  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
+  for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 4); i < j; i++) {
+    buf[offset + i] = (value >>> (littleEndian ? i : 3 - i) * 8) & 0xff
+  }
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32LE = function writeUInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24)
+    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16)
+    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
+    this[offset] = value
+  } else {
+    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true)
+  }
+  return offset + 4
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32BE = function writeUInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    this[offset] = (value >>> 24)
+    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16)
+    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8)
+    this[offset + 3] = value
+  } else {
+    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false)
+  }
+  return offset + 4
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeIntLE = function writeIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1)
+
+    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
+  }
+
+  var i = 0
+  var mul = 1
+  var sub = value < 0 ? 1 : 0
+  this[offset] = value & 0xFF
+  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF
+  }
+
+  return offset + byteLength
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeIntBE = function writeIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1)
+
+    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
+  }
+
+  var i = byteLength - 1
+  var mul = 1
+  var sub = value < 0 ? 1 : 0
+  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF
+  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF
+  }
+
+  return offset + byteLength
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt8 = function writeInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0x7f, -0x80)
+  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value)
+  if (value < 0) value = 0xff + value + 1
+  this[offset] = value
+  return offset + 1
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt16LE = function writeInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    this[offset] = value
+    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
+  } else {
+    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true)
+  }
+  return offset + 2
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt16BE = function writeInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    this[offset] = (value >>> 8)
+    this[offset + 1] = value
+  } else {
+    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false)
+  }
+  return offset + 2
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt32LE = function writeInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    this[offset] = value
+    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
+    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16)
+    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24)
+  } else {
+    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true)
+  }
+  return offset + 4
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt32BE = function writeInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset | 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
+  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
+  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    this[offset] = (value >>> 24)
+    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16)
+    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8)
+    this[offset + 3] = value
+  } else {
+    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false)
+  }
+  return offset + 4
+}
+
+function checkIEEE754 (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
+  if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('value is out of bounds')
+  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
+  if (offset < 0) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
+}
+
+function writeFloat (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 4, 3.4028234663852886e+38, -3.4028234663852886e+38)
+  }
+  ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 23, 4)
+  return offset + 4
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeFloatLE = function writeFloatLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeFloatBE = function writeFloatBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
+}
+
+function writeDouble (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 8, 1.7976931348623157E+308, -1.7976931348623157E+308)
+  }
+  ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 52, 8)
+  return offset + 8
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleLE = function writeDoubleLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleBE = function writeDoubleBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
+}
+
+// copy(targetBuffer, targetStart=0, sourceStart=0, sourceEnd=buffer.length)
+Buffer.prototype.copy = function copy (target, targetStart, start, end) {
+  if (!start) start = 0
+  if (!end && end !== 0) end = this.length
+  if (targetStart >= target.length) targetStart = target.length
+  if (!targetStart) targetStart = 0
+  if (end > 0 && end < start) end = start
+
+  // Copy 0 bytes; we're done
+  if (end === start) return 0
+  if (target.length === 0 || this.length === 0) return 0
+
+  // Fatal error conditions
+  if (targetStart < 0) {
+    throw new RangeError('targetStart out of bounds')
+  }
+  if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('sourceStart out of bounds')
+  if (end < 0) throw new RangeError('sourceEnd out of bounds')
+
+  // Are we oob?
+  if (end > this.length) end = this.length
+  if (target.length - targetStart < end - start) {
+    end = target.length - targetStart + start
+  }
+
+  var len = end - start
+  var i
+
+  if (this === target && start < targetStart && targetStart < end) {
+    // descending copy from end
+    for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
+    }
+  } else if (len < 1000 || !Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+    // ascending copy from start
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
+    }
+  } else {
+    target._set(this.subarray(start, start + len), targetStart)
+  }
+
+  return len
+}
+
+// fill(value, start=0, end=buffer.length)
+Buffer.prototype.fill = function fill (value, start, end) {
+  if (!value) value = 0
+  if (!start) start = 0
+  if (!end) end = this.length
+
+  if (end < start) throw new RangeError('end < start')
+
+  // Fill 0 bytes; we're done
+  if (end === start) return
+  if (this.length === 0) return
+
+  if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('start out of bounds')
+  if (end < 0 || end > this.length) throw new RangeError('end out of bounds')
+
+  var i
+  if (typeof value === 'number') {
+    for (i = start; i < end; i++) {
+      this[i] = value
+    }
+  } else {
+    var bytes = utf8ToBytes(value.toString())
+    var len = bytes.length
+    for (i = start; i < end; i++) {
+      this[i] = bytes[i % len]
+    }
+  }
+
+  return this
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a new `ArrayBuffer` with the *copied* memory of the buffer instance.
+ * Added in Node 0.12. Only available in browsers that support ArrayBuffer.
+ */
+Buffer.prototype.toArrayBuffer = function toArrayBuffer () {
+  if (typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined') {
+    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
+      return (new Buffer(this)).buffer
+    } else {
+      var buf = new Uint8Array(this.length)
+      for (var i = 0, len = buf.length; i < len; i += 1) {
+        buf[i] = this[i]
+      }
+      return buf.buffer
+    }
+  } else {
+    throw new TypeError('Buffer.toArrayBuffer not supported in this browser')
+  }
+}
+
+// HELPER FUNCTIONS
+// ================
+
+var BP = Buffer.prototype
+
+/**
+ * Augment a Uint8Array *instance* (not the Uint8Array class!) with Buffer methods
+ */
+Buffer._augment = function _augment (arr) {
+  arr.constructor = Buffer
+  arr._isBuffer = true
+
+  // save reference to original Uint8Array set method before overwriting
+  arr._set = arr.set
+
+  // deprecated
+  arr.get = BP.get
+  arr.set = BP.set
+
+  arr.write = BP.write
+  arr.toString = BP.toString
+  arr.toLocaleString = BP.toString
+  arr.toJSON = BP.toJSON
+  arr.equals = BP.equals
+  arr.compare = BP.compare
+  arr.indexOf = BP.indexOf
+  arr.copy = BP.copy
+  arr.slice = BP.slice
+  arr.readUIntLE = BP.readUIntLE
+  arr.readUIntBE = BP.readUIntBE
+  arr.readUInt8 = BP.readUInt8
+  arr.readUInt16LE = BP.readUInt16LE
+  arr.readUInt16BE = BP.readUInt16BE
+  arr.readUInt32LE = BP.readUInt32LE
+  arr.readUInt32BE = BP.readUInt32BE
+  arr.readIntLE = BP.readIntLE
+  arr.readIntBE = BP.readIntBE
+  arr.readInt8 = BP.readInt8
+  arr.readInt16LE = BP.readInt16LE
+  arr.readInt16BE = BP.readInt16BE
+  arr.readInt32LE = BP.readInt32LE
+  arr.readInt32BE = BP.readInt32BE
+  arr.readFloatLE = BP.readFloatLE
+  arr.readFloatBE = BP.readFloatBE
+  arr.readDoubleLE = BP.readDoubleLE
+  arr.readDoubleBE = BP.readDoubleBE
+  arr.writeUInt8 = BP.writeUInt8
+  arr.writeUIntLE = BP.writeUIntLE
+  arr.writeUIntBE = BP.writeUIntBE
+  arr.writeUInt16LE = BP.writeUInt16LE
+  arr.writeUInt16BE = BP.writeUInt16BE
+  arr.writeUInt32LE = BP.writeUInt32LE
+  arr.writeUInt32BE = BP.writeUInt32BE
+  arr.writeIntLE = BP.writeIntLE
+  arr.writeIntBE = BP.writeIntBE
+  arr.writeInt8 = BP.writeInt8
+  arr.writeInt16LE = BP.writeInt16LE
+  arr.writeInt16BE = BP.writeInt16BE
+  arr.writeInt32LE = BP.writeInt32LE
+  arr.writeInt32BE = BP.writeInt32BE
+  arr.writeFloatLE = BP.writeFloatLE
+  arr.writeFloatBE = BP.writeFloatBE
+  arr.writeDoubleLE = BP.writeDoubleLE
+  arr.writeDoubleBE = BP.writeDoubleBE
+  arr.fill = BP.fill
+  arr.inspect = BP.inspect
+  arr.toArrayBuffer = BP.toArrayBuffer
+
+  return arr
+}
+
+var INVALID_BASE64_RE = /[^+\/0-9A-Za-z-_]/g
+
+function base64clean (str) {
+  // Node strips out invalid characters like \n and \t from the string, base64-js does not
+  str = stringtrim(str).replace(INVALID_BASE64_RE, '')
+  // Node converts strings with length < 2 to ''
+  if (str.length < 2) return ''
+  // Node allows for non-padded base64 strings (missing trailing ===), base64-js does not
+  while (str.length % 4 !== 0) {
+    str = str + '='
+  }
+  return str
+}
+
+function stringtrim (str) {
+  if (str.trim) return str.trim()
+  return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, '')
+}
+
+function toHex (n) {
+  if (n < 16) return '0' + n.toString(16)
+  return n.toString(16)
+}
+
+function utf8ToBytes (string, units) {
+  units = units || Infinity
+  var codePoint
+  var length = string.length
+  var leadSurrogate = null
+  var bytes = []
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    codePoint = string.charCodeAt(i)
+
+    // is surrogate component
+    if (codePoint > 0xD7FF && codePoint < 0xE000) {
+      // last char was a lead
+      if (!leadSurrogate) {
+        // no lead yet
+        if (codePoint > 0xDBFF) {
+          // unexpected trail
+          if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
+          continue
+
+        } else if (i + 1 === length) {
+          // unpaired lead
+          if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
+          continue
+        }
+
+        // valid lead
+        leadSurrogate = codePoint
+
+        continue
+      }
+
+      // 2 leads in a row
+      if (codePoint < 0xDC00) {
+        if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
+        leadSurrogate = codePoint
+        continue
+      }
+
+      // valid surrogate pair
+      codePoint = leadSurrogate - 0xD800 << 10 | codePoint - 0xDC00 | 0x10000
+
+    } else if (leadSurrogate) {
+      // valid bmp char, but last char was a lead
+      if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
+    }
+
+    leadSurrogate = null
+
+    // encode utf8
+    if (codePoint < 0x80) {
+      if ((units -= 1) < 0) break
+      bytes.push(codePoint)
+    } else if (codePoint < 0x800) {
+      if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
+      bytes.push(
+        codePoint >> 0x6 | 0xC0,
+        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
+      )
+    } else if (codePoint < 0x10000) {
+      if ((units -= 3) < 0) break
+      bytes.push(
+        codePoint >> 0xC | 0xE0,
+        codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
+        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
+      )
+    } else if (codePoint < 0x110000) {
+      if ((units -= 4) < 0) break
+      bytes.push(
+        codePoint >> 0x12 | 0xF0,
+        codePoint >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80,
+        codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
+        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
+      )
+    } else {
+      throw new Error('Invalid code point')
+    }
+  }
+
+  return bytes
+}
+
+function asciiToBytes (str) {
+  var byteArray = []
+  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
+    // Node's code seems to be doing this and not & 0x7F..
+    byteArray.push(str.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF)
+  }
+  return byteArray
+}
+
+function utf16leToBytes (str, units) {
+  var c, hi, lo
+  var byteArray = []
+  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
+    if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
+
+    c = str.charCodeAt(i)
+    hi = c >> 8
+    lo = c % 256
+    byteArray.push(lo)
+    byteArray.push(hi)
+  }
+
+  return byteArray
+}
+
+function base64ToBytes (str) {
+  return base64.toByteArray(base64clean(str))
+}
+
+function blitBuffer (src, dst, offset, length) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    if ((i + offset >= dst.length) || (i >= src.length)) break
+    dst[i + offset] = src[i]
+  }
+  return i
+}
+
+},{"base64-js":8,"ieee754":9,"is-array":10}],8:[function(require,module,exports){
+var lookup = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/';
+
+;(function (exports) {
+	'use strict';
+
+  var Arr = (typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined')
+    ? Uint8Array
+    : Array
+
+	var PLUS   = '+'.charCodeAt(0)
+	var SLASH  = '/'.charCodeAt(0)
+	var NUMBER = '0'.charCodeAt(0)
+	var LOWER  = 'a'.charCodeAt(0)
+	var UPPER  = 'A'.charCodeAt(0)
+	var PLUS_URL_SAFE = '-'.charCodeAt(0)
+	var SLASH_URL_SAFE = '_'.charCodeAt(0)
+
+	function decode (elt) {
+		var code = elt.charCodeAt(0)
+		if (code === PLUS ||
+		    code === PLUS_URL_SAFE)
+			return 62 // '+'
+		if (code === SLASH ||
+		    code === SLASH_URL_SAFE)
+			return 63 // '/'
+		if (code < NUMBER)
+			return -1 //no match
+		if (code < NUMBER + 10)
+			return code - NUMBER + 26 + 26
+		if (code < UPPER + 26)
+			return code - UPPER
+		if (code < LOWER + 26)
+			return code - LOWER + 26
+	}
+
+	function b64ToByteArray (b64) {
+		var i, j, l, tmp, placeHolders, arr
+
+		if (b64.length % 4 > 0) {
+			throw new Error('Invalid string. Length must be a multiple of 4')
+		}
+
+		// the number of equal signs (place holders)
+		// if there are two placeholders, than the two characters before it
+		// represent one byte
+		// if there is only one, then the three characters before it represent 2 bytes
+		// this is just a cheap hack to not do indexOf twice
+		var len = b64.length
+		placeHolders = '=' === b64.charAt(len - 2) ? 2 : '=' === b64.charAt(len - 1) ? 1 : 0
+
+		// base64 is 4/3 + up to two characters of the original data
+		arr = new Arr(b64.length * 3 / 4 - placeHolders)
+
+		// if there are placeholders, only get up to the last complete 4 chars
+		l = placeHolders > 0 ? b64.length - 4 : b64.length
+
+		var L = 0
+
+		function push (v) {
+			arr[L++] = v
+		}
+
+		for (i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i += 4, j += 3) {
+			tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 18) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) << 12) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 2)) << 6) | decode(b64.charAt(i + 3))
+			push((tmp & 0xFF0000) >> 16)
+			push((tmp & 0xFF00) >> 8)
+			push(tmp & 0xFF)
+		}
+
+		if (placeHolders === 2) {
+			tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 2) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) >> 4)
+			push(tmp & 0xFF)
+		} else if (placeHolders === 1) {
+			tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 10) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) << 4) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 2)) >> 2)
+			push((tmp >> 8) & 0xFF)
+			push(tmp & 0xFF)
+		}
+
+		return arr
+	}
+
+	function uint8ToBase64 (uint8) {
+		var i,
+			extraBytes = uint8.length % 3, // if we have 1 byte left, pad 2 bytes
+			output = "",
+			temp, length
+
+		function encode (num) {
+			return lookup.charAt(num)
+		}
+
+		function tripletToBase64 (num) {
+			return encode(num >> 18 & 0x3F) + encode(num >> 12 & 0x3F) + encode(num >> 6 & 0x3F) + encode(num & 0x3F)
+		}
+
+		// go through the array every three bytes, we'll deal with trailing stuff later
+		for (i = 0, length = uint8.length - extraBytes; i < length; i += 3) {
+			temp = (uint8[i] << 16) + (uint8[i + 1] << 8) + (uint8[i + 2])
+			output += tripletToBase64(temp)
+		}
+
+		// pad the end with zeros, but make sure to not forget the extra bytes
+		switch (extraBytes) {
+			case 1:
+				temp = uint8[uint8.length - 1]
+				output += encode(temp >> 2)
+				output += encode((temp << 4) & 0x3F)
+				output += '=='
+				break
+			case 2:
+				temp = (uint8[uint8.length - 2] << 8) + (uint8[uint8.length - 1])
+				output += encode(temp >> 10)
+				output += encode((temp >> 4) & 0x3F)
+				output += encode((temp << 2) & 0x3F)
+				output += '='
+				break
+		}
+
+		return output
+	}
+
+	exports.toByteArray = b64ToByteArray
+	exports.fromByteArray = uint8ToBase64
+}(typeof exports === 'undefined' ? (this.base64js = {}) : exports))
+
+},{}],9:[function(require,module,exports){
+exports.read = function (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
+  var e, m
+  var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1
+  var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1
+  var eBias = eMax >> 1
+  var nBits = -7
+  var i = isLE ? (nBytes - 1) : 0
+  var d = isLE ? -1 : 1
+  var s = buffer[offset + i]
+
+  i += d
+
+  e = s & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1)
+  s >>= (-nBits)
+  nBits += eLen
+  for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+
+  m = e & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1)
+  e >>= (-nBits)
+  nBits += mLen
+  for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+
+  if (e === 0) {
+    e = 1 - eBias
+  } else if (e === eMax) {
+    return m ? NaN : ((s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity)
+  } else {
+    m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen)
+    e = e - eBias
+  }
+  return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen)
+}
+
+exports.write = function (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
+  var e, m, c
+  var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1
+  var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1
+  var eBias = eMax >> 1
+  var rt = (mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0)
+  var i = isLE ? 0 : (nBytes - 1)
+  var d = isLE ? 1 : -1
+  var s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0
+
+  value = Math.abs(value)
+
+  if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
+    m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0
+    e = eMax
+  } else {
+    e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2)
+    if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
+      e--
+      c *= 2
+    }
+    if (e + eBias >= 1) {
+      value += rt / c
+    } else {
+      value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias)
+    }
+    if (value * c >= 2) {
+      e++
+      c /= 2
+    }
+
+    if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
+      m = 0
+      e = eMax
+    } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
+      m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen)
+      e = e + eBias
+    } else {
+      m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen)
+      e = 0
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}
+
+  e = (e << mLen) | m
+  eLen += mLen
+  for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}
+
+  buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128
+}
+
+},{}],10:[function(require,module,exports){
+
+/**
+ * isArray
+ */
+
+var isArray = Array.isArray;
+
+/**
+ * toString
+ */
+
+var str = Object.prototype.toString;
+
+/**
+ * Whether or not the given `val`
+ * is an array.
+ *
+ * example:
+ *
+ *        isArray([]);
+ *        // > true
+ *        isArray(arguments);
+ *        // > false
+ *        isArray('');
+ *        // > false
+ *
+ * @param {mixed} val
+ * @return {bool}
+ */
+
+module.exports = isArray || function (val) {
+  return !! val && '[object Array]' == str.call(val);
+};
+
+},{}],11:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+function EventEmitter() {
+  this._events = this._events || {};
+  this._maxListeners = this._maxListeners || undefined;
+}
+module.exports = EventEmitter;
+
+// Backwards-compat with node 0.10.x
+EventEmitter.EventEmitter = EventEmitter;
+
+EventEmitter.prototype._events = undefined;
+EventEmitter.prototype._maxListeners = undefined;
+
+// By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are
+// added to it. This is a useful default which helps finding memory leaks.
+EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners = 10;
+
+// Obviously not all Emitters should be limited to 10. This function allows
+// that to be increased. Set to zero for unlimited.
+EventEmitter.prototype.setMaxListeners = function(n) {
+  if (!isNumber(n) || n < 0 || isNaN(n))
+    throw TypeError('n must be a positive number');
+  this._maxListeners = n;
+  return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.emit = function(type) {
+  var er, handler, len, args, i, listeners;
+
+  if (!this._events)
+    this._events = {};
+
+  // If there is no 'error' event listener then throw.
+  if (type === 'error') {
+    if (!this._events.error ||
+        (isObject(this._events.error) && !this._events.error.length)) {
+      er = arguments[1];
+      if (er instanceof Error) {
+        throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event
+      }
+      throw TypeError('Uncaught, unspecified "error" event.');
+    }
+  }
+
+  handler = this._events[type];
+
+  if (isUndefined(handler))
+    return false;
+
+  if (isFunction(handler)) {
+    switch (arguments.length) {
+      // fast cases
+      case 1:
+        handler.call(this);
+        break;
+      case 2:
+        handler.call(this, arguments[1]);
+        break;
+      case 3:
+        handler.call(this, arguments[1], arguments[2]);
+        break;
+      // slower
+      default:
+        len = arguments.length;
+        args = new Array(len - 1);
+        for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
+          args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+        handler.apply(this, args);
+    }
+  } else if (isObject(handler)) {
+    len = arguments.length;
+    args = new Array(len - 1);
+    for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
+      args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+
+    listeners = handler.slice();
+    len = listeners.length;
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+      listeners[i].apply(this, args);
+  }
+
+  return true;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.addListener = function(type, listener) {
+  var m;
+
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+  if (!this._events)
+    this._events = {};
+
+  // To avoid recursion in the case that type === "newListener"! Before
+  // adding it to the listeners, first emit "newListener".
+  if (this._events.newListener)
+    this.emit('newListener', type,
+              isFunction(listener.listener) ?
+              listener.listener : listener);
+
+  if (!this._events[type])
+    // Optimize the case of one listener. Don't need the extra array object.
+    this._events[type] = listener;
+  else if (isObject(this._events[type]))
+    // If we've already got an array, just append.
+    this._events[type].push(listener);
+  else
+    // Adding the second element, need to change to array.
+    this._events[type] = [this._events[type], listener];
+
+  // Check for listener leak
+  if (isObject(this._events[type]) && !this._events[type].warned) {
+    var m;
+    if (!isUndefined(this._maxListeners)) {
+      m = this._maxListeners;
+    } else {
+      m = EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners;
+    }
+
+    if (m && m > 0 && this._events[type].length > m) {
+      this._events[type].warned = true;
+      console.error('(node) warning: possible EventEmitter memory ' +
+                    'leak detected. %d listeners added. ' +
+                    'Use emitter.setMaxListeners() to increase limit.',
+                    this._events[type].length);
+      if (typeof console.trace === 'function') {
+        // not supported in IE 10
+        console.trace();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.on = EventEmitter.prototype.addListener;
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.once = function(type, listener) {
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+  var fired = false;
+
+  function g() {
+    this.removeListener(type, g);
+
+    if (!fired) {
+      fired = true;
+      listener.apply(this, arguments);
+    }
+  }
+
+  g.listener = listener;
+  this.on(type, g);
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+// emits a 'removeListener' event iff the listener was removed
+EventEmitter.prototype.removeListener = function(type, listener) {
+  var list, position, length, i;
+
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
+    return this;
+
+  list = this._events[type];
+  length = list.length;
+  position = -1;
+
+  if (list === listener ||
+      (isFunction(list.listener) && list.listener === listener)) {
+    delete this._events[type];
+    if (this._events.removeListener)
+      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
+
+  } else if (isObject(list)) {
+    for (i = length; i-- > 0;) {
+      if (list[i] === listener ||
+          (list[i].listener && list[i].listener === listener)) {
+        position = i;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (position < 0)
+      return this;
+
+    if (list.length === 1) {
+      list.length = 0;
+      delete this._events[type];
+    } else {
+      list.splice(position, 1);
+    }
+
+    if (this._events.removeListener)
+      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
+  }
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.removeAllListeners = function(type) {
+  var key, listeners;
+
+  if (!this._events)
+    return this;
+
+  // not listening for removeListener, no need to emit
+  if (!this._events.removeListener) {
+    if (arguments.length === 0)
+      this._events = {};
+    else if (this._events[type])
+      delete this._events[type];
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  // emit removeListener for all listeners on all events
+  if (arguments.length === 0) {
+    for (key in this._events) {
+      if (key === 'removeListener') continue;
+      this.removeAllListeners(key);
+    }
+    this.removeAllListeners('removeListener');
+    this._events = {};
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  listeners = this._events[type];
+
+  if (isFunction(listeners)) {
+    this.removeListener(type, listeners);
+  } else {
+    // LIFO order
+    while (listeners.length)
+      this.removeListener(type, listeners[listeners.length - 1]);
+  }
+  delete this._events[type];
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.listeners = function(type) {
+  var ret;
+  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
+    ret = [];
+  else if (isFunction(this._events[type]))
+    ret = [this._events[type]];
+  else
+    ret = this._events[type].slice();
+  return ret;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.listenerCount = function(emitter, type) {
+  var ret;
+  if (!emitter._events || !emitter._events[type])
+    ret = 0;
+  else if (isFunction(emitter._events[type]))
+    ret = 1;
+  else
+    ret = emitter._events[type].length;
+  return ret;
+};
+
+function isFunction(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'function';
+}
+
+function isNumber(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'number';
+}
+
+function isObject(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg === void 0;
+}
+
+},{}],12:[function(require,module,exports){
+if (typeof Object.create === 'function') {
+  // implementation from standard node.js 'util' module
+  module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
+    ctor.super_ = superCtor
+    ctor.prototype = Object.create(superCtor.prototype, {
+      constructor: {
+        value: ctor,
+        enumerable: false,
+        writable: true,
+        configurable: true
+      }
+    });
+  };
+} else {
+  // old school shim for old browsers
+  module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
+    ctor.super_ = superCtor
+    var TempCtor = function () {}
+    TempCtor.prototype = superCtor.prototype
+    ctor.prototype = new TempCtor()
+    ctor.prototype.constructor = ctor
+  }
+}
+
+},{}],13:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = Array.isArray || function (arr) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
+};
+
+},{}],14:[function(require,module,exports){
+// shim for using process in browser
+
+var process = module.exports = {};
+var queue = [];
+var draining = false;
+var currentQueue;
+var queueIndex = -1;
+
+function cleanUpNextTick() {
+    draining = false;
+    if (currentQueue.length) {
+        queue = currentQueue.concat(queue);
+    } else {
+        queueIndex = -1;
+    }
+    if (queue.length) {
+        drainQueue();
+    }
+}
+
+function drainQueue() {
+    if (draining) {
+        return;
+    }
+    var timeout = setTimeout(cleanUpNextTick);
+    draining = true;
+
+    var len = queue.length;
+    while(len) {
+        currentQueue = queue;
+        queue = [];
+        while (++queueIndex < len) {
+            currentQueue[queueIndex].run();
+        }
+        queueIndex = -1;
+        len = queue.length;
+    }
+    currentQueue = null;
+    draining = false;
+    clearTimeout(timeout);
+}
+
+process.nextTick = function (fun) {
+    var args = new Array(arguments.length - 1);
+    if (arguments.length > 1) {
+        for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+            args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+        }
+    }
+    queue.push(new Item(fun, args));
+    if (queue.length === 1 && !draining) {
+        setTimeout(drainQueue, 0);
+    }
+};
+
+// v8 likes predictible objects
+function Item(fun, array) {
+    this.fun = fun;
+    this.array = array;
+}
+Item.prototype.run = function () {
+    this.fun.apply(null, this.array);
+};
+process.title = 'browser';
+process.browser = true;
+process.env = {};
+process.argv = [];
+process.version = ''; // empty string to avoid regexp issues
+process.versions = {};
+
+function noop() {}
+
+process.on = noop;
+process.addListener = noop;
+process.once = noop;
+process.off = noop;
+process.removeListener = noop;
+process.removeAllListeners = noop;
+process.emit = noop;
+
+process.binding = function (name) {
+    throw new Error('process.binding is not supported');
+};
+
+// TODO(shtylman)
+process.cwd = function () { return '/' };
+process.chdir = function (dir) {
+    throw new Error('process.chdir is not supported');
+};
+process.umask = function() { return 0; };
+
+},{}],15:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_duplex.js")
+
+},{"./lib/_stream_duplex.js":16}],16:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// a duplex stream is just a stream that is both readable and writable.
+// Since JS doesn't have multiple prototypal inheritance, this class
+// prototypally inherits from Readable, and then parasitically from
+// Writable.
+
+module.exports = Duplex;
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
+  var keys = [];
+  for (var key in obj) keys.push(key);
+  return keys;
+}
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+var Readable = require('./_stream_readable');
+var Writable = require('./_stream_writable');
+
+util.inherits(Duplex, Readable);
+
+forEach(objectKeys(Writable.prototype), function(method) {
+  if (!Duplex.prototype[method])
+    Duplex.prototype[method] = Writable.prototype[method];
+});
+
+function Duplex(options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof Duplex))
+    return new Duplex(options);
+
+  Readable.call(this, options);
+  Writable.call(this, options);
+
+  if (options && options.readable === false)
+    this.readable = false;
+
+  if (options && options.writable === false)
+    this.writable = false;
+
+  this.allowHalfOpen = true;
+  if (options && options.allowHalfOpen === false)
+    this.allowHalfOpen = false;
+
+  this.once('end', onend);
+}
+
+// the no-half-open enforcer
+function onend() {
+  // if we allow half-open state, or if the writable side ended,
+  // then we're ok.
+  if (this.allowHalfOpen || this._writableState.ended)
+    return;
+
+  // no more data can be written.
+  // But allow more writes to happen in this tick.
+  process.nextTick(this.end.bind(this));
+}
+
+function forEach (xs, f) {
+  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
+    f(xs[i], i);
+  }
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./_stream_readable":18,"./_stream_writable":20,"_process":14,"core-util-is":21,"inherits":12}],17:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// a passthrough stream.
+// basically just the most minimal sort of Transform stream.
+// Every written chunk gets output as-is.
+
+module.exports = PassThrough;
+
+var Transform = require('./_stream_transform');
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+util.inherits(PassThrough, Transform);
+
+function PassThrough(options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof PassThrough))
+    return new PassThrough(options);
+
+  Transform.call(this, options);
+}
+
+PassThrough.prototype._transform = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  cb(null, chunk);
+};
+
+},{"./_stream_transform":19,"core-util-is":21,"inherits":12}],18:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+module.exports = Readable;
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var isArray = require('isarray');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+Readable.ReadableState = ReadableState;
+
+var EE = require('events').EventEmitter;
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+if (!EE.listenerCount) EE.listenerCount = function(emitter, type) {
+  return emitter.listeners(type).length;
+};
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+var Stream = require('stream');
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+var StringDecoder;
+
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var debug = require('util');
+if (debug && debug.debuglog) {
+  debug = debug.debuglog('stream');
+} else {
+  debug = function () {};
+}
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+
+util.inherits(Readable, Stream);
+
+function ReadableState(options, stream) {
+  var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+
+  options = options || {};
+
+  // the point at which it stops calling _read() to fill the buffer
+  // Note: 0 is a valid value, means "don't call _read preemptively ever"
+  var hwm = options.highWaterMark;
+  var defaultHwm = options.objectMode ? 16 : 16 * 1024;
+  this.highWaterMark = (hwm || hwm === 0) ? hwm : defaultHwm;
+
+  // cast to ints.
+  this.highWaterMark = ~~this.highWaterMark;
+
+  this.buffer = [];
+  this.length = 0;
+  this.pipes = null;
+  this.pipesCount = 0;
+  this.flowing = null;
+  this.ended = false;
+  this.endEmitted = false;
+  this.reading = false;
+
+  // a flag to be able to tell if the onwrite cb is called immediately,
+  // or on a later tick.  We set this to true at first, because any
+  // actions that shouldn't happen until "later" should generally also
+  // not happen before the first write call.
+  this.sync = true;
+
+  // whenever we return null, then we set a flag to say
+  // that we're awaiting a 'readable' event emission.
+  this.needReadable = false;
+  this.emittedReadable = false;
+  this.readableListening = false;
+
+
+  // object stream flag. Used to make read(n) ignore n and to
+  // make all the buffer merging and length checks go away
+  this.objectMode = !!options.objectMode;
+
+  if (stream instanceof Duplex)
+    this.objectMode = this.objectMode || !!options.readableObjectMode;
+
+  // Crypto is kind of old and crusty.  Historically, its default string
+  // encoding is 'binary' so we have to make this configurable.
+  // Everything else in the universe uses 'utf8', though.
+  this.defaultEncoding = options.defaultEncoding || 'utf8';
+
+  // when piping, we only care about 'readable' events that happen
+  // after read()ing all the bytes and not getting any pushback.
+  this.ranOut = false;
+
+  // the number of writers that are awaiting a drain event in .pipe()s
+  this.awaitDrain = 0;
+
+  // if true, a maybeReadMore has been scheduled
+  this.readingMore = false;
+
+  this.decoder = null;
+  this.encoding = null;
+  if (options.encoding) {
+    if (!StringDecoder)
+      StringDecoder = require('string_decoder/').StringDecoder;
+    this.decoder = new StringDecoder(options.encoding);
+    this.encoding = options.encoding;
+  }
+}
+
+function Readable(options) {
+  var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+
+  if (!(this instanceof Readable))
+    return new Readable(options);
+
+  this._readableState = new ReadableState(options, this);
+
+  // legacy
+  this.readable = true;
+
+  Stream.call(this);
+}
+
+// Manually shove something into the read() buffer.
+// This returns true if the highWaterMark has not been hit yet,
+// similar to how Writable.write() returns true if you should
+// write() some more.
+Readable.prototype.push = function(chunk, encoding) {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+
+  if (util.isString(chunk) && !state.objectMode) {
+    encoding = encoding || state.defaultEncoding;
+    if (encoding !== state.encoding) {
+      chunk = new Buffer(chunk, encoding);
+      encoding = '';
+    }
+  }
+
+  return readableAddChunk(this, state, chunk, encoding, false);
+};
+
+// Unshift should *always* be something directly out of read()
+Readable.prototype.unshift = function(chunk) {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+  return readableAddChunk(this, state, chunk, '', true);
+};
+
+function readableAddChunk(stream, state, chunk, encoding, addToFront) {
+  var er = chunkInvalid(state, chunk);
+  if (er) {
+    stream.emit('error', er);
+  } else if (util.isNullOrUndefined(chunk)) {
+    state.reading = false;
+    if (!state.ended)
+      onEofChunk(stream, state);
+  } else if (state.objectMode || chunk && chunk.length > 0) {
+    if (state.ended && !addToFront) {
+      var e = new Error('stream.push() after EOF');
+      stream.emit('error', e);
+    } else if (state.endEmitted && addToFront) {
+      var e = new Error('stream.unshift() after end event');
+      stream.emit('error', e);
+    } else {
+      if (state.decoder && !addToFront && !encoding)
+        chunk = state.decoder.write(chunk);
+
+      if (!addToFront)
+        state.reading = false;
+
+      // if we want the data now, just emit it.
+      if (state.flowing && state.length === 0 && !state.sync) {
+        stream.emit('data', chunk);
+        stream.read(0);
+      } else {
+        // update the buffer info.
+        state.length += state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
+        if (addToFront)
+          state.buffer.unshift(chunk);
+        else
+          state.buffer.push(chunk);
+
+        if (state.needReadable)
+          emitReadable(stream);
+      }
+
+      maybeReadMore(stream, state);
+    }
+  } else if (!addToFront) {
+    state.reading = false;
+  }
+
+  return needMoreData(state);
+}
+
+
+
+// if it's past the high water mark, we can push in some more.
+// Also, if we have no data yet, we can stand some
+// more bytes.  This is to work around cases where hwm=0,
+// such as the repl.  Also, if the push() triggered a
+// readable event, and the user called read(largeNumber) such that
+// needReadable was set, then we ought to push more, so that another
+// 'readable' event will be triggered.
+function needMoreData(state) {
+  return !state.ended &&
+         (state.needReadable ||
+          state.length < state.highWaterMark ||
+          state.length === 0);
+}
+
+// backwards compatibility.
+Readable.prototype.setEncoding = function(enc) {
+  if (!StringDecoder)
+    StringDecoder = require('string_decoder/').StringDecoder;
+  this._readableState.decoder = new StringDecoder(enc);
+  this._readableState.encoding = enc;
+  return this;
+};
+
+// Don't raise the hwm > 128MB
+var MAX_HWM = 0x800000;
+function roundUpToNextPowerOf2(n) {
+  if (n >= MAX_HWM) {
+    n = MAX_HWM;
+  } else {
+    // Get the next highest power of 2
+    n--;
+    for (var p = 1; p < 32; p <<= 1) n |= n >> p;
+    n++;
+  }
+  return n;
+}
+
+function howMuchToRead(n, state) {
+  if (state.length === 0 && state.ended)
+    return 0;
+
+  if (state.objectMode)
+    return n === 0 ? 0 : 1;
+
+  if (isNaN(n) || util.isNull(n)) {
+    // only flow one buffer at a time
+    if (state.flowing && state.buffer.length)
+      return state.buffer[0].length;
+    else
+      return state.length;
+  }
+
+  if (n <= 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  // If we're asking for more than the target buffer level,
+  // then raise the water mark.  Bump up to the next highest
+  // power of 2, to prevent increasing it excessively in tiny
+  // amounts.
+  if (n > state.highWaterMark)
+    state.highWaterMark = roundUpToNextPowerOf2(n);
+
+  // don't have that much.  return null, unless we've ended.
+  if (n > state.length) {
+    if (!state.ended) {
+      state.needReadable = true;
+      return 0;
+    } else
+      return state.length;
+  }
+
+  return n;
+}
+
+// you can override either this method, or the async _read(n) below.
+Readable.prototype.read = function(n) {
+  debug('read', n);
+  var state = this._readableState;
+  var nOrig = n;
+
+  if (!util.isNumber(n) || n > 0)
+    state.emittedReadable = false;
+
+  // if we're doing read(0) to trigger a readable event, but we
+  // already have a bunch of data in the buffer, then just trigger
+  // the 'readable' event and move on.
+  if (n === 0 &&
+      state.needReadable &&
+      (state.length >= state.highWaterMark || state.ended)) {
+    debug('read: emitReadable', state.length, state.ended);
+    if (state.length === 0 && state.ended)
+      endReadable(this);
+    else
+      emitReadable(this);
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  n = howMuchToRead(n, state);
+
+  // if we've ended, and we're now clear, then finish it up.
+  if (n === 0 && state.ended) {
+    if (state.length === 0)
+      endReadable(this);
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  // All the actual chunk generation logic needs to be
+  // *below* the call to _read.  The reason is that in certain
+  // synthetic stream cases, such as passthrough streams, _read
+  // may be a completely synchronous operation which may change
+  // the state of the read buffer, providing enough data when
+  // before there was *not* enough.
+  //
+  // So, the steps are:
+  // 1. Figure out what the state of things will be after we do
+  // a read from the buffer.
+  //
+  // 2. If that resulting state will trigger a _read, then call _read.
+  // Note that this may be asynchronous, or synchronous.  Yes, it is
+  // deeply ugly to write APIs this way, but that still doesn't mean
+  // that the Readable class should behave improperly, as streams are
+  // designed to be sync/async agnostic.
+  // Take note if the _read call is sync or async (ie, if the read call
+  // has returned yet), so that we know whether or not it's safe to emit
+  // 'readable' etc.
+  //
+  // 3. Actually pull the requested chunks out of the buffer and return.
+
+  // if we need a readable event, then we need to do some reading.
+  var doRead = state.needReadable;
+  debug('need readable', doRead);
+
+  // if we currently have less than the highWaterMark, then also read some
+  if (state.length === 0 || state.length - n < state.highWaterMark) {
+    doRead = true;
+    debug('length less than watermark', doRead);
+  }
+
+  // however, if we've ended, then there's no point, and if we're already
+  // reading, then it's unnecessary.
+  if (state.ended || state.reading) {
+    doRead = false;
+    debug('reading or ended', doRead);
+  }
+
+  if (doRead) {
+    debug('do read');
+    state.reading = true;
+    state.sync = true;
+    // if the length is currently zero, then we *need* a readable event.
+    if (state.length === 0)
+      state.needReadable = true;
+    // call internal read method
+    this._read(state.highWaterMark);
+    state.sync = false;
+  }
+
+  // If _read pushed data synchronously, then `reading` will be false,
+  // and we need to re-evaluate how much data we can return to the user.
+  if (doRead && !state.reading)
+    n = howMuchToRead(nOrig, state);
+
+  var ret;
+  if (n > 0)
+    ret = fromList(n, state);
+  else
+    ret = null;
+
+  if (util.isNull(ret)) {
+    state.needReadable = true;
+    n = 0;
+  }
+
+  state.length -= n;
+
+  // If we have nothing in the buffer, then we want to know
+  // as soon as we *do* get something into the buffer.
+  if (state.length === 0 && !state.ended)
+    state.needReadable = true;
+
+  // If we tried to read() past the EOF, then emit end on the next tick.
+  if (nOrig !== n && state.ended && state.length === 0)
+    endReadable(this);
+
+  if (!util.isNull(ret))
+    this.emit('data', ret);
+
+  return ret;
+};
+
+function chunkInvalid(state, chunk) {
+  var er = null;
+  if (!util.isBuffer(chunk) &&
+      !util.isString(chunk) &&
+      !util.isNullOrUndefined(chunk) &&
+      !state.objectMode) {
+    er = new TypeError('Invalid non-string/buffer chunk');
+  }
+  return er;
+}
+
+
+function onEofChunk(stream, state) {
+  if (state.decoder && !state.ended) {
+    var chunk = state.decoder.end();
+    if (chunk && chunk.length) {
+      state.buffer.push(chunk);
+      state.length += state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
+    }
+  }
+  state.ended = true;
+
+  // emit 'readable' now to make sure it gets picked up.
+  emitReadable(stream);
+}
+
+// Don't emit readable right away in sync mode, because this can trigger
+// another read() call => stack overflow.  This way, it might trigger
+// a nextTick recursion warning, but that's not so bad.
+function emitReadable(stream) {
+  var state = stream._readableState;
+  state.needReadable = false;
+  if (!state.emittedReadable) {
+    debug('emitReadable', state.flowing);
+    state.emittedReadable = true;
+    if (state.sync)
+      process.nextTick(function() {
+        emitReadable_(stream);
+      });
+    else
+      emitReadable_(stream);
+  }
+}
+
+function emitReadable_(stream) {
+  debug('emit readable');
+  stream.emit('readable');
+  flow(stream);
+}
+
+
+// at this point, the user has presumably seen the 'readable' event,
+// and called read() to consume some data.  that may have triggered
+// in turn another _read(n) call, in which case reading = true if
+// it's in progress.
+// However, if we're not ended, or reading, and the length < hwm,
+// then go ahead and try to read some more preemptively.
+function maybeReadMore(stream, state) {
+  if (!state.readingMore) {
+    state.readingMore = true;
+    process.nextTick(function() {
+      maybeReadMore_(stream, state);
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+function maybeReadMore_(stream, state) {
+  var len = state.length;
+  while (!state.reading && !state.flowing && !state.ended &&
+         state.length < state.highWaterMark) {
+    debug('maybeReadMore read 0');
+    stream.read(0);
+    if (len === state.length)
+      // didn't get any data, stop spinning.
+      break;
+    else
+      len = state.length;
+  }
+  state.readingMore = false;
+}
+
+// abstract method.  to be overridden in specific implementation classes.
+// call cb(er, data) where data is <= n in length.
+// for virtual (non-string, non-buffer) streams, "length" is somewhat
+// arbitrary, and perhaps not very meaningful.
+Readable.prototype._read = function(n) {
+  this.emit('error', new Error('not implemented'));
+};
+
+Readable.prototype.pipe = function(dest, pipeOpts) {
+  var src = this;
+  var state = this._readableState;
+
+  switch (state.pipesCount) {
+    case 0:
+      state.pipes = dest;
+      break;
+    case 1:
+      state.pipes = [state.pipes, dest];
+      break;
+    default:
+      state.pipes.push(dest);
+      break;
+  }
+  state.pipesCount += 1;
+  debug('pipe count=%d opts=%j', state.pipesCount, pipeOpts);
+
+  var doEnd = (!pipeOpts || pipeOpts.end !== false) &&
+              dest !== process.stdout &&
+              dest !== process.stderr;
+
+  var endFn = doEnd ? onend : cleanup;
+  if (state.endEmitted)
+    process.nextTick(endFn);
+  else
+    src.once('end', endFn);
+
+  dest.on('unpipe', onunpipe);
+  function onunpipe(readable) {
+    debug('onunpipe');
+    if (readable === src) {
+      cleanup();
+    }
+  }
+
+  function onend() {
+    debug('onend');
+    dest.end();
+  }
+
+  // when the dest drains, it reduces the awaitDrain counter
+  // on the source.  This would be more elegant with a .once()
+  // handler in flow(), but adding and removing repeatedly is
+  // too slow.
+  var ondrain = pipeOnDrain(src);
+  dest.on('drain', ondrain);
+
+  function cleanup() {
+    debug('cleanup');
+    // cleanup event handlers once the pipe is broken
+    dest.removeListener('close', onclose);
+    dest.removeListener('finish', onfinish);
+    dest.removeListener('drain', ondrain);
+    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
+    dest.removeListener('unpipe', onunpipe);
+    src.removeListener('end', onend);
+    src.removeListener('end', cleanup);
+    src.removeListener('data', ondata);
+
+    // if the reader is waiting for a drain event from this
+    // specific writer, then it would cause it to never start
+    // flowing again.
+    // So, if this is awaiting a drain, then we just call it now.
+    // If we don't know, then assume that we are waiting for one.
+    if (state.awaitDrain &&
+        (!dest._writableState || dest._writableState.needDrain))
+      ondrain();
+  }
+
+  src.on('data', ondata);
+  function ondata(chunk) {
+    debug('ondata');
+    var ret = dest.write(chunk);
+    if (false === ret) {
+      debug('false write response, pause',
+            src._readableState.awaitDrain);
+      src._readableState.awaitDrain++;
+      src.pause();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // if the dest has an error, then stop piping into it.
+  // however, don't suppress the throwing behavior for this.
+  function onerror(er) {
+    debug('onerror', er);
+    unpipe();
+    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
+    if (EE.listenerCount(dest, 'error') === 0)
+      dest.emit('error', er);
+  }
+  // This is a brutally ugly hack to make sure that our error handler
+  // is attached before any userland ones.  NEVER DO THIS.
+  if (!dest._events || !dest._events.error)
+    dest.on('error', onerror);
+  else if (isArray(dest._events.error))
+    dest._events.error.unshift(onerror);
+  else
+    dest._events.error = [onerror, dest._events.error];
+
+
+
+  // Both close and finish should trigger unpipe, but only once.
+  function onclose() {
+    dest.removeListener('finish', onfinish);
+    unpipe();
+  }
+  dest.once('close', onclose);
+  function onfinish() {
+    debug('onfinish');
+    dest.removeListener('close', onclose);
+    unpipe();
+  }
+  dest.once('finish', onfinish);
+
+  function unpipe() {
+    debug('unpipe');
+    src.unpipe(dest);
+  }
+
+  // tell the dest that it's being piped to
+  dest.emit('pipe', src);
+
+  // start the flow if it hasn't been started already.
+  if (!state.flowing) {
+    debug('pipe resume');
+    src.resume();
+  }
+
+  return dest;
+};
+
+function pipeOnDrain(src) {
+  return function() {
+    var state = src._readableState;
+    debug('pipeOnDrain', state.awaitDrain);
+    if (state.awaitDrain)
+      state.awaitDrain--;
+    if (state.awaitDrain === 0 && EE.listenerCount(src, 'data')) {
+      state.flowing = true;
+      flow(src);
+    }
+  };
+}
+
+
+Readable.prototype.unpipe = function(dest) {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+
+  // if we're not piping anywhere, then do nothing.
+  if (state.pipesCount === 0)
+    return this;
+
+  // just one destination.  most common case.
+  if (state.pipesCount === 1) {
+    // passed in one, but it's not the right one.
+    if (dest && dest !== state.pipes)
+      return this;
+
+    if (!dest)
+      dest = state.pipes;
+
+    // got a match.
+    state.pipes = null;
+    state.pipesCount = 0;
+    state.flowing = false;
+    if (dest)
+      dest.emit('unpipe', this);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  // slow case. multiple pipe destinations.
+
+  if (!dest) {
+    // remove all.
+    var dests = state.pipes;
+    var len = state.pipesCount;
+    state.pipes = null;
+    state.pipesCount = 0;
+    state.flowing = false;
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
+      dests[i].emit('unpipe', this);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  // try to find the right one.
+  var i = indexOf(state.pipes, dest);
+  if (i === -1)
+    return this;
+
+  state.pipes.splice(i, 1);
+  state.pipesCount -= 1;
+  if (state.pipesCount === 1)
+    state.pipes = state.pipes[0];
+
+  dest.emit('unpipe', this);
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+// set up data events if they are asked for
+// Ensure readable listeners eventually get something
+Readable.prototype.on = function(ev, fn) {
+  var res = Stream.prototype.on.call(this, ev, fn);
+
+  // If listening to data, and it has not explicitly been paused,
+  // then call resume to start the flow of data on the next tick.
+  if (ev === 'data' && false !== this._readableState.flowing) {
+    this.resume();
+  }
+
+  if (ev === 'readable' && this.readable) {
+    var state = this._readableState;
+    if (!state.readableListening) {
+      state.readableListening = true;
+      state.emittedReadable = false;
+      state.needReadable = true;
+      if (!state.reading) {
+        var self = this;
+        process.nextTick(function() {
+          debug('readable nexttick read 0');
+          self.read(0);
+        });
+      } else if (state.length) {
+        emitReadable(this, state);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return res;
+};
+Readable.prototype.addListener = Readable.prototype.on;
+
+// pause() and resume() are remnants of the legacy readable stream API
+// If the user uses them, then switch into old mode.
+Readable.prototype.resume = function() {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+  if (!state.flowing) {
+    debug('resume');
+    state.flowing = true;
+    if (!state.reading) {
+      debug('resume read 0');
+      this.read(0);
+    }
+    resume(this, state);
+  }
+  return this;
+};
+
+function resume(stream, state) {
+  if (!state.resumeScheduled) {
+    state.resumeScheduled = true;
+    process.nextTick(function() {
+      resume_(stream, state);
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+function resume_(stream, state) {
+  state.resumeScheduled = false;
+  stream.emit('resume');
+  flow(stream);
+  if (state.flowing && !state.reading)
+    stream.read(0);
+}
+
+Readable.prototype.pause = function() {
+  debug('call pause flowing=%j', this._readableState.flowing);
+  if (false !== this._readableState.flowing) {
+    debug('pause');
+    this._readableState.flowing = false;
+    this.emit('pause');
+  }
+  return this;
+};
+
+function flow(stream) {
+  var state = stream._readableState;
+  debug('flow', state.flowing);
+  if (state.flowing) {
+    do {
+      var chunk = stream.read();
+    } while (null !== chunk && state.flowing);
+  }
+}
+
+// wrap an old-style stream as the async data source.
+// This is *not* part of the readable stream interface.
+// It is an ugly unfortunate mess of history.
+Readable.prototype.wrap = function(stream) {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+  var paused = false;
+
+  var self = this;
+  stream.on('end', function() {
+    debug('wrapped end');
+    if (state.decoder && !state.ended) {
+      var chunk = state.decoder.end();
+      if (chunk && chunk.length)
+        self.push(chunk);
+    }
+
+    self.push(null);
+  });
+
+  stream.on('data', function(chunk) {
+    debug('wrapped data');
+    if (state.decoder)
+      chunk = state.decoder.write(chunk);
+    if (!chunk || !state.objectMode && !chunk.length)
+      return;
+
+    var ret = self.push(chunk);
+    if (!ret) {
+      paused = true;
+      stream.pause();
+    }
+  });
+
+  // proxy all the other methods.
+  // important when wrapping filters and duplexes.
+  for (var i in stream) {
+    if (util.isFunction(stream[i]) && util.isUndefined(this[i])) {
+      this[i] = function(method) { return function() {
+        return stream[method].apply(stream, arguments);
+      }}(i);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // proxy certain important events.
+  var events = ['error', 'close', 'destroy', 'pause', 'resume'];
+  forEach(events, function(ev) {
+    stream.on(ev, self.emit.bind(self, ev));
+  });
+
+  // when we try to consume some more bytes, simply unpause the
+  // underlying stream.
+  self._read = function(n) {
+    debug('wrapped _read', n);
+    if (paused) {
+      paused = false;
+      stream.resume();
+    }
+  };
+
+  return self;
+};
+
+
+
+// exposed for testing purposes only.
+Readable._fromList = fromList;
+
+// Pluck off n bytes from an array of buffers.
+// Length is the combined lengths of all the buffers in the list.
+function fromList(n, state) {
+  var list = state.buffer;
+  var length = state.length;
+  var stringMode = !!state.decoder;
+  var objectMode = !!state.objectMode;
+  var ret;
+
+  // nothing in the list, definitely empty.
+  if (list.length === 0)
+    return null;
+
+  if (length === 0)
+    ret = null;
+  else if (objectMode)
+    ret = list.shift();
+  else if (!n || n >= length) {
+    // read it all, truncate the array.
+    if (stringMode)
+      ret = list.join('');
+    else
+      ret = Buffer.concat(list, length);
+    list.length = 0;
+  } else {
+    // read just some of it.
+    if (n < list[0].length) {
+      // just take a part of the first list item.
+      // slice is the same for buffers and strings.
+      var buf = list[0];
+      ret = buf.slice(0, n);
+      list[0] = buf.slice(n);
+    } else if (n === list[0].length) {
+      // first list is a perfect match
+      ret = list.shift();
+    } else {
+      // complex case.
+      // we have enough to cover it, but it spans past the first buffer.
+      if (stringMode)
+        ret = '';
+      else
+        ret = new Buffer(n);
+
+      var c = 0;
+      for (var i = 0, l = list.length; i < l && c < n; i++) {
+        var buf = list[0];
+        var cpy = Math.min(n - c, buf.length);
+
+        if (stringMode)
+          ret += buf.slice(0, cpy);
+        else
+          buf.copy(ret, c, 0, cpy);
+
+        if (cpy < buf.length)
+          list[0] = buf.slice(cpy);
+        else
+          list.shift();
+
+        c += cpy;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+function endReadable(stream) {
+  var state = stream._readableState;
+
+  // If we get here before consuming all the bytes, then that is a
+  // bug in node.  Should never happen.
+  if (state.length > 0)
+    throw new Error('endReadable called on non-empty stream');
+
+  if (!state.endEmitted) {
+    state.ended = true;
+    process.nextTick(function() {
+      // Check that we didn't get one last unshift.
+      if (!state.endEmitted && state.length === 0) {
+        state.endEmitted = true;
+        stream.readable = false;
+        stream.emit('end');
+      }
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+function forEach (xs, f) {
+  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
+    f(xs[i], i);
+  }
+}
+
+function indexOf (xs, x) {
+  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
+    if (xs[i] === x) return i;
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./_stream_duplex":16,"_process":14,"buffer":7,"core-util-is":21,"events":11,"inherits":12,"isarray":13,"stream":26,"string_decoder/":27,"util":6}],19:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+
+// a transform stream is a readable/writable stream where you do
+// something with the data.  Sometimes it's called a "filter",
+// but that's not a great name for it, since that implies a thing where
+// some bits pass through, and others are simply ignored.  (That would
+// be a valid example of a transform, of course.)
+//
+// While the output is causally related to the input, it's not a
+// necessarily symmetric or synchronous transformation.  For example,
+// a zlib stream might take multiple plain-text writes(), and then
+// emit a single compressed chunk some time in the future.
+//
+// Here's how this works:
+//
+// The Transform stream has all the aspects of the readable and writable
+// stream classes.  When you write(chunk), that calls _write(chunk,cb)
+// internally, and returns false if there's a lot of pending writes
+// buffered up.  When you call read(), that calls _read(n) until
+// there's enough pending readable data buffered up.
+//
+// In a transform stream, the written data is placed in a buffer.  When
+// _read(n) is called, it transforms the queued up data, calling the
+// buffered _write cb's as it consumes chunks.  If consuming a single
+// written chunk would result in multiple output chunks, then the first
+// outputted bit calls the readcb, and subsequent chunks just go into
+// the read buffer, and will cause it to emit 'readable' if necessary.
+//
+// This way, back-pressure is actually determined by the reading side,
+// since _read has to be called to start processing a new chunk.  However,
+// a pathological inflate type of transform can cause excessive buffering
+// here.  For example, imagine a stream where every byte of input is
+// interpreted as an integer from 0-255, and then results in that many
+// bytes of output.  Writing the 4 bytes {ff,ff,ff,ff} would result in
+// 1kb of data being output.  In this case, you could write a very small
+// amount of input, and end up with a very large amount of output.  In
+// such a pathological inflating mechanism, there'd be no way to tell
+// the system to stop doing the transform.  A single 4MB write could
+// cause the system to run out of memory.
+//
+// However, even in such a pathological case, only a single written chunk
+// would be consumed, and then the rest would wait (un-transformed) until
+// the results of the previous transformed chunk were consumed.
+
+module.exports = Transform;
+
+var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+util.inherits(Transform, Duplex);
+
+
+function TransformState(options, stream) {
+  this.afterTransform = function(er, data) {
+    return afterTransform(stream, er, data);
+  };
+
+  this.needTransform = false;
+  this.transforming = false;
+  this.writecb = null;
+  this.writechunk = null;
+}
+
+function afterTransform(stream, er, data) {
+  var ts = stream._transformState;
+  ts.transforming = false;
+
+  var cb = ts.writecb;
+
+  if (!cb)
+    return stream.emit('error', new Error('no writecb in Transform class'));
+
+  ts.writechunk = null;
+  ts.writecb = null;
+
+  if (!util.isNullOrUndefined(data))
+    stream.push(data);
+
+  if (cb)
+    cb(er);
+
+  var rs = stream._readableState;
+  rs.reading = false;
+  if (rs.needReadable || rs.length < rs.highWaterMark) {
+    stream._read(rs.highWaterMark);
+  }
+}
+
+
+function Transform(options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof Transform))
+    return new Transform(options);
+
+  Duplex.call(this, options);
+
+  this._transformState = new TransformState(options, this);
+
+  // when the writable side finishes, then flush out anything remaining.
+  var stream = this;
+
+  // start out asking for a readable event once data is transformed.
+  this._readableState.needReadable = true;
+
+  // we have implemented the _read method, and done the other things
+  // that Readable wants before the first _read call, so unset the
+  // sync guard flag.
+  this._readableState.sync = false;
+
+  this.once('prefinish', function() {
+    if (util.isFunction(this._flush))
+      this._flush(function(er) {
+        done(stream, er);
+      });
+    else
+      done(stream);
+  });
+}
+
+Transform.prototype.push = function(chunk, encoding) {
+  this._transformState.needTransform = false;
+  return Duplex.prototype.push.call(this, chunk, encoding);
+};
+
+// This is the part where you do stuff!
+// override this function in implementation classes.
+// 'chunk' is an input chunk.
+//
+// Call `push(newChunk)` to pass along transformed output
+// to the readable side.  You may call 'push' zero or more times.
+//
+// Call `cb(err)` when you are done with this chunk.  If you pass
+// an error, then that'll put the hurt on the whole operation.  If you
+// never call cb(), then you'll never get another chunk.
+Transform.prototype._transform = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  throw new Error('not implemented');
+};
+
+Transform.prototype._write = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  var ts = this._transformState;
+  ts.writecb = cb;
+  ts.writechunk = chunk;
+  ts.writeencoding = encoding;
+  if (!ts.transforming) {
+    var rs = this._readableState;
+    if (ts.needTransform ||
+        rs.needReadable ||
+        rs.length < rs.highWaterMark)
+      this._read(rs.highWaterMark);
+  }
+};
+
+// Doesn't matter what the args are here.
+// _transform does all the work.
+// That we got here means that the readable side wants more data.
+Transform.prototype._read = function(n) {
+  var ts = this._transformState;
+
+  if (!util.isNull(ts.writechunk) && ts.writecb && !ts.transforming) {
+    ts.transforming = true;
+    this._transform(ts.writechunk, ts.writeencoding, ts.afterTransform);
+  } else {
+    // mark that we need a transform, so that any data that comes in
+    // will get processed, now that we've asked for it.
+    ts.needTransform = true;
+  }
+};
+
+
+function done(stream, er) {
+  if (er)
+    return stream.emit('error', er);
+
+  // if there's nothing in the write buffer, then that means
+  // that nothing more will ever be provided
+  var ws = stream._writableState;
+  var ts = stream._transformState;
+
+  if (ws.length)
+    throw new Error('calling transform done when ws.length != 0');
+
+  if (ts.transforming)
+    throw new Error('calling transform done when still transforming');
+
+  return stream.push(null);
+}
+
+},{"./_stream_duplex":16,"core-util-is":21,"inherits":12}],20:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// A bit simpler than readable streams.
+// Implement an async ._write(chunk, cb), and it'll handle all
+// the drain event emission and buffering.
+
+module.exports = Writable;
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+Writable.WritableState = WritableState;
+
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+var Stream = require('stream');
+
+util.inherits(Writable, Stream);
+
+function WriteReq(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  this.chunk = chunk;
+  this.encoding = encoding;
+  this.callback = cb;
+}
+
+function WritableState(options, stream) {
+  var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+
+  options = options || {};
+
+  // the point at which write() starts returning false
+  // Note: 0 is a valid value, means that we always return false if
+  // the entire buffer is not flushed immediately on write()
+  var hwm = options.highWaterMark;
+  var defaultHwm = options.objectMode ? 16 : 16 * 1024;
+  this.highWaterMark = (hwm || hwm === 0) ? hwm : defaultHwm;
+
+  // object stream flag to indicate whether or not this stream
+  // contains buffers or objects.
+  this.objectMode = !!options.objectMode;
+
+  if (stream instanceof Duplex)
+    this.objectMode = this.objectMode || !!options.writableObjectMode;
+
+  // cast to ints.
+  this.highWaterMark = ~~this.highWaterMark;
+
+  this.needDrain = false;
+  // at the start of calling end()
+  this.ending = false;
+  // when end() has been called, and returned
+  this.ended = false;
+  // when 'finish' is emitted
+  this.finished = false;
+
+  // should we decode strings into buffers before passing to _write?
+  // this is here so that some node-core streams can optimize string
+  // handling at a lower level.
+  var noDecode = options.decodeStrings === false;
+  this.decodeStrings = !noDecode;
+
+  // Crypto is kind of old and crusty.  Historically, its default string
+  // encoding is 'binary' so we have to make this configurable.
+  // Everything else in the universe uses 'utf8', though.
+  this.defaultEncoding = options.defaultEncoding || 'utf8';
+
+  // not an actual buffer we keep track of, but a measurement
+  // of how much we're waiting to get pushed to some underlying
+  // socket or file.
+  this.length = 0;
+
+  // a flag to see when we're in the middle of a write.
+  this.writing = false;
+
+  // when true all writes will be buffered until .uncork() call
+  this.corked = 0;
+
+  // a flag to be able to tell if the onwrite cb is called immediately,
+  // or on a later tick.  We set this to true at first, because any
+  // actions that shouldn't happen until "later" should generally also
+  // not happen before the first write call.
+  this.sync = true;
+
+  // a flag to know if we're processing previously buffered items, which
+  // may call the _write() callback in the same tick, so that we don't
+  // end up in an overlapped onwrite situation.
+  this.bufferProcessing = false;
+
+  // the callback that's passed to _write(chunk,cb)
+  this.onwrite = function(er) {
+    onwrite(stream, er);
+  };
+
+  // the callback that the user supplies to write(chunk,encoding,cb)
+  this.writecb = null;
+
+  // the amount that is being written when _write is called.
+  this.writelen = 0;
+
+  this.buffer = [];
+
+  // number of pending user-supplied write callbacks
+  // this must be 0 before 'finish' can be emitted
+  this.pendingcb = 0;
+
+  // emit prefinish if the only thing we're waiting for is _write cbs
+  // This is relevant for synchronous Transform streams
+  this.prefinished = false;
+
+  // True if the error was already emitted and should not be thrown again
+  this.errorEmitted = false;
+}
+
+function Writable(options) {
+  var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+
+  // Writable ctor is applied to Duplexes, though they're not
+  // instanceof Writable, they're instanceof Readable.
+  if (!(this instanceof Writable) && !(this instanceof Duplex))
+    return new Writable(options);
+
+  this._writableState = new WritableState(options, this);
+
+  // legacy.
+  this.writable = true;
+
+  Stream.call(this);
+}
+
+// Otherwise people can pipe Writable streams, which is just wrong.
+Writable.prototype.pipe = function() {
+  this.emit('error', new Error('Cannot pipe. Not readable.'));
+};
+
+
+function writeAfterEnd(stream, state, cb) {
+  var er = new Error('write after end');
+  // TODO: defer error events consistently everywhere, not just the cb
+  stream.emit('error', er);
+  process.nextTick(function() {
+    cb(er);
+  });
+}
+
+// If we get something that is not a buffer, string, null, or undefined,
+// and we're not in objectMode, then that's an error.
+// Otherwise stream chunks are all considered to be of length=1, and the
+// watermarks determine how many objects to keep in the buffer, rather than
+// how many bytes or characters.
+function validChunk(stream, state, chunk, cb) {
+  var valid = true;
+  if (!util.isBuffer(chunk) &&
+      !util.isString(chunk) &&
+      !util.isNullOrUndefined(chunk) &&
+      !state.objectMode) {
+    var er = new TypeError('Invalid non-string/buffer chunk');
+    stream.emit('error', er);
+    process.nextTick(function() {
+      cb(er);
+    });
+    valid = false;
+  }
+  return valid;
+}
+
+Writable.prototype.write = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  var state = this._writableState;
+  var ret = false;
+
+  if (util.isFunction(encoding)) {
+    cb = encoding;
+    encoding = null;
+  }
+
+  if (util.isBuffer(chunk))
+    encoding = 'buffer';
+  else if (!encoding)
+    encoding = state.defaultEncoding;
+
+  if (!util.isFunction(cb))
+    cb = function() {};
+
+  if (state.ended)
+    writeAfterEnd(this, state, cb);
+  else if (validChunk(this, state, chunk, cb)) {
+    state.pendingcb++;
+    ret = writeOrBuffer(this, state, chunk, encoding, cb);
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+};
+
+Writable.prototype.cork = function() {
+  var state = this._writableState;
+
+  state.corked++;
+};
+
+Writable.prototype.uncork = function() {
+  var state = this._writableState;
+
+  if (state.corked) {
+    state.corked--;
+
+    if (!state.writing &&
+        !state.corked &&
+        !state.finished &&
+        !state.bufferProcessing &&
+        state.buffer.length)
+      clearBuffer(this, state);
+  }
+};
+
+function decodeChunk(state, chunk, encoding) {
+  if (!state.objectMode &&
+      state.decodeStrings !== false &&
+      util.isString(chunk)) {
+    chunk = new Buffer(chunk, encoding);
+  }
+  return chunk;
+}
+
+// if we're already writing something, then just put this
+// in the queue, and wait our turn.  Otherwise, call _write
+// If we return false, then we need a drain event, so set that flag.
+function writeOrBuffer(stream, state, chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  chunk = decodeChunk(state, chunk, encoding);
+  if (util.isBuffer(chunk))
+    encoding = 'buffer';
+  var len = state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
+
+  state.length += len;
+
+  var ret = state.length < state.highWaterMark;
+  // we must ensure that previous needDrain will not be reset to false.
+  if (!ret)
+    state.needDrain = true;
+
+  if (state.writing || state.corked)
+    state.buffer.push(new WriteReq(chunk, encoding, cb));
+  else
+    doWrite(stream, state, false, len, chunk, encoding, cb);
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+function doWrite(stream, state, writev, len, chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  state.writelen = len;
+  state.writecb = cb;
+  state.writing = true;
+  state.sync = true;
+  if (writev)
+    stream._writev(chunk, state.onwrite);
+  else
+    stream._write(chunk, encoding, state.onwrite);
+  state.sync = false;
+}
+
+function onwriteError(stream, state, sync, er, cb) {
+  if (sync)
+    process.nextTick(function() {
+      state.pendingcb--;
+      cb(er);
+    });
+  else {
+    state.pendingcb--;
+    cb(er);
+  }
+
+  stream._writableState.errorEmitted = true;
+  stream.emit('error', er);
+}
+
+function onwriteStateUpdate(state) {
+  state.writing = false;
+  state.writecb = null;
+  state.length -= state.writelen;
+  state.writelen = 0;
+}
+
+function onwrite(stream, er) {
+  var state = stream._writableState;
+  var sync = state.sync;
+  var cb = state.writecb;
+
+  onwriteStateUpdate(state);
+
+  if (er)
+    onwriteError(stream, state, sync, er, cb);
+  else {
+    // Check if we're actually ready to finish, but don't emit yet
+    var finished = needFinish(stream, state);
+
+    if (!finished &&
+        !state.corked &&
+        !state.bufferProcessing &&
+        state.buffer.length) {
+      clearBuffer(stream, state);
+    }
+
+    if (sync) {
+      process.nextTick(function() {
+        afterWrite(stream, state, finished, cb);
+      });
+    } else {
+      afterWrite(stream, state, finished, cb);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function afterWrite(stream, state, finished, cb) {
+  if (!finished)
+    onwriteDrain(stream, state);
+  state.pendingcb--;
+  cb();
+  finishMaybe(stream, state);
+}
+
+// Must force callback to be called on nextTick, so that we don't
+// emit 'drain' before the write() consumer gets the 'false' return
+// value, and has a chance to attach a 'drain' listener.
+function onwriteDrain(stream, state) {
+  if (state.length === 0 && state.needDrain) {
+    state.needDrain = false;
+    stream.emit('drain');
+  }
+}
+
+
+// if there's something in the buffer waiting, then process it
+function clearBuffer(stream, state) {
+  state.bufferProcessing = true;
+
+  if (stream._writev && state.buffer.length > 1) {
+    // Fast case, write everything using _writev()
+    var cbs = [];
+    for (var c = 0; c < state.buffer.length; c++)
+      cbs.push(state.buffer[c].callback);
+
+    // count the one we are adding, as well.
+    // TODO(isaacs) clean this up
+    state.pendingcb++;
+    doWrite(stream, state, true, state.length, state.buffer, '', function(err) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < cbs.length; i++) {
+        state.pendingcb--;
+        cbs[i](err);
+      }
+    });
+
+    // Clear buffer
+    state.buffer = [];
+  } else {
+    // Slow case, write chunks one-by-one
+    for (var c = 0; c < state.buffer.length; c++) {
+      var entry = state.buffer[c];
+      var chunk = entry.chunk;
+      var encoding = entry.encoding;
+      var cb = entry.callback;
+      var len = state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
+
+      doWrite(stream, state, false, len, chunk, encoding, cb);
+
+      // if we didn't call the onwrite immediately, then
+      // it means that we need to wait until it does.
+      // also, that means that the chunk and cb are currently
+      // being processed, so move the buffer counter past them.
+      if (state.writing) {
+        c++;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (c < state.buffer.length)
+      state.buffer = state.buffer.slice(c);
+    else
+      state.buffer.length = 0;
+  }
+
+  state.bufferProcessing = false;
+}
+
+Writable.prototype._write = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  cb(new Error('not implemented'));
+
+};
+
+Writable.prototype._writev = null;
+
+Writable.prototype.end = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  var state = this._writableState;
+
+  if (util.isFunction(chunk)) {
+    cb = chunk;
+    chunk = null;
+    encoding = null;
+  } else if (util.isFunction(encoding)) {
+    cb = encoding;
+    encoding = null;
+  }
+
+  if (!util.isNullOrUndefined(chunk))
+    this.write(chunk, encoding);
+
+  // .end() fully uncorks
+  if (state.corked) {
+    state.corked = 1;
+    this.uncork();
+  }
+
+  // ignore unnecessary end() calls.
+  if (!state.ending && !state.finished)
+    endWritable(this, state, cb);
+};
+
+
+function needFinish(stream, state) {
+  return (state.ending &&
+          state.length === 0 &&
+          !state.finished &&
+          !state.writing);
+}
+
+function prefinish(stream, state) {
+  if (!state.prefinished) {
+    state.prefinished = true;
+    stream.emit('prefinish');
+  }
+}
+
+function finishMaybe(stream, state) {
+  var need = needFinish(stream, state);
+  if (need) {
+    if (state.pendingcb === 0) {
+      prefinish(stream, state);
+      state.finished = true;
+      stream.emit('finish');
+    } else
+      prefinish(stream, state);
+  }
+  return need;
+}
+
+function endWritable(stream, state, cb) {
+  state.ending = true;
+  finishMaybe(stream, state);
+  if (cb) {
+    if (state.finished)
+      process.nextTick(cb);
+    else
+      stream.once('finish', cb);
+  }
+  state.ended = true;
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./_stream_duplex":16,"_process":14,"buffer":7,"core-util-is":21,"inherits":12,"stream":26}],21:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// NOTE: These type checking functions intentionally don't use `instanceof`
+// because it is fragile and can be easily faked with `Object.create()`.
+function isArray(ar) {
+  return Array.isArray(ar);
+}
+exports.isArray = isArray;
+
+function isBoolean(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'boolean';
+}
+exports.isBoolean = isBoolean;
+
+function isNull(arg) {
+  return arg === null;
+}
+exports.isNull = isNull;
+
+function isNullOrUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg == null;
+}
+exports.isNullOrUndefined = isNullOrUndefined;
+
+function isNumber(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'number';
+}
+exports.isNumber = isNumber;
+
+function isString(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'string';
+}
+exports.isString = isString;
+
+function isSymbol(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'symbol';
+}
+exports.isSymbol = isSymbol;
+
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg === void 0;
+}
+exports.isUndefined = isUndefined;
+
+function isRegExp(re) {
+  return isObject(re) && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
+}
+exports.isRegExp = isRegExp;
+
+function isObject(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+exports.isObject = isObject;
+
+function isDate(d) {
+  return isObject(d) && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
+}
+exports.isDate = isDate;
+
+function isError(e) {
+  return isObject(e) &&
+      (objectToString(e) === '[object Error]' || e instanceof Error);
+}
+exports.isError = isError;
+
+function isFunction(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'function';
+}
+exports.isFunction = isFunction;
+
+function isPrimitive(arg) {
+  return arg === null ||
+         typeof arg === 'boolean' ||
+         typeof arg === 'number' ||
+         typeof arg === 'string' ||
+         typeof arg === 'symbol' ||  // ES6 symbol
+         typeof arg === 'undefined';
+}
+exports.isPrimitive = isPrimitive;
+
+function isBuffer(arg) {
+  return Buffer.isBuffer(arg);
+}
+exports.isBuffer = isBuffer;
+
+function objectToString(o) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
+}
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":7}],22:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_passthrough.js")
+
+},{"./lib/_stream_passthrough.js":17}],23:[function(require,module,exports){
+exports = module.exports = require('./lib/_stream_readable.js');
+exports.Stream = require('stream');
+exports.Readable = exports;
+exports.Writable = require('./lib/_stream_writable.js');
+exports.Duplex = require('./lib/_stream_duplex.js');
+exports.Transform = require('./lib/_stream_transform.js');
+exports.PassThrough = require('./lib/_stream_passthrough.js');
+
+},{"./lib/_stream_duplex.js":16,"./lib/_stream_passthrough.js":17,"./lib/_stream_readable.js":18,"./lib/_stream_transform.js":19,"./lib/_stream_writable.js":20,"stream":26}],24:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_transform.js")
+
+},{"./lib/_stream_transform.js":19}],25:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_writable.js")
+
+},{"./lib/_stream_writable.js":20}],26:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+module.exports = Stream;
+
+var EE = require('events').EventEmitter;
+var inherits = require('inherits');
+
+inherits(Stream, EE);
+Stream.Readable = require('readable-stream/readable.js');
+Stream.Writable = require('readable-stream/writable.js');
+Stream.Duplex = require('readable-stream/duplex.js');
+Stream.Transform = require('readable-stream/transform.js');
+Stream.PassThrough = require('readable-stream/passthrough.js');
+
+// Backwards-compat with node 0.4.x
+Stream.Stream = Stream;
+
+
+
+// old-style streams.  Note that the pipe method (the only relevant
+// part of this class) is overridden in the Readable class.
+
+function Stream() {
+  EE.call(this);
+}
+
+Stream.prototype.pipe = function(dest, options) {
+  var source = this;
+
+  function ondata(chunk) {
+    if (dest.writable) {
+      if (false === dest.write(chunk) && source.pause) {
+        source.pause();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  source.on('data', ondata);
+
+  function ondrain() {
+    if (source.readable && source.resume) {
+      source.resume();
+    }
+  }
+
+  dest.on('drain', ondrain);
+
+  // If the 'end' option is not supplied, dest.end() will be called when
+  // source gets the 'end' or 'close' events.  Only dest.end() once.
+  if (!dest._isStdio && (!options || options.end !== false)) {
+    source.on('end', onend);
+    source.on('close', onclose);
+  }
+
+  var didOnEnd = false;
+  function onend() {
+    if (didOnEnd) return;
+    didOnEnd = true;
+
+    dest.end();
+  }
+
+
+  function onclose() {
+    if (didOnEnd) return;
+    didOnEnd = true;
+
+    if (typeof dest.destroy === 'function') dest.destroy();
+  }
+
+  // don't leave dangling pipes when there are errors.
+  function onerror(er) {
+    cleanup();
+    if (EE.listenerCount(this, 'error') === 0) {
+      throw er; // Unhandled stream error in pipe.
+    }
+  }
+
+  source.on('error', onerror);
+  dest.on('error', onerror);
+
+  // remove all the event listeners that were added.
+  function cleanup() {
+    source.removeListener('data', ondata);
+    dest.removeListener('drain', ondrain);
+
+    source.removeListener('end', onend);
+    source.removeListener('close', onclose);
+
+    source.removeListener('error', onerror);
+    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
+
+    source.removeListener('end', cleanup);
+    source.removeListener('close', cleanup);
+
+    dest.removeListener('close', cleanup);
+  }
+
+  source.on('end', cleanup);
+  source.on('close', cleanup);
+
+  dest.on('close', cleanup);
+
+  dest.emit('pipe', source);
+
+  // Allow for unix-like usage: A.pipe(B).pipe(C)
+  return dest;
+};
+
+},{"events":11,"inherits":12,"readable-stream/duplex.js":15,"readable-stream/passthrough.js":22,"readable-stream/readable.js":23,"readable-stream/transform.js":24,"readable-stream/writable.js":25}],27:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
+
+var isBufferEncoding = Buffer.isEncoding
+  || function(encoding) {
+       switch (encoding && encoding.toLowerCase()) {
+         case 'hex': case 'utf8': case 'utf-8': case 'ascii': case 'binary': case 'base64': case 'ucs2': case 'ucs-2': case 'utf16le': case 'utf-16le': case 'raw': return true;
+         default: return false;
+       }
+     }
+
+
+function assertEncoding(encoding) {
+  if (encoding && !isBufferEncoding(encoding)) {
+    throw new Error('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding);
+  }
+}
+
+// StringDecoder provides an interface for efficiently splitting a series of
+// buffers into a series of JS strings without breaking apart multi-byte
+// characters. CESU-8 is handled as part of the UTF-8 encoding.
+//
+// @TODO Handling all encodings inside a single object makes it very difficult
+// to reason about this code, so it should be split up in the future.
+// @TODO There should be a utf8-strict encoding that rejects invalid UTF-8 code
+// points as used by CESU-8.
+var StringDecoder = exports.StringDecoder = function(encoding) {
+  this.encoding = (encoding || 'utf8').toLowerCase().replace(/[-_]/, '');
+  assertEncoding(encoding);
+  switch (this.encoding) {
+    case 'utf8':
+      // CESU-8 represents each of Surrogate Pair by 3-bytes
+      this.surrogateSize = 3;
+      break;
+    case 'ucs2':
+    case 'utf16le':
+      // UTF-16 represents each of Surrogate Pair by 2-bytes
+      this.surrogateSize = 2;
+      this.detectIncompleteChar = utf16DetectIncompleteChar;
+      break;
+    case 'base64':
+      // Base-64 stores 3 bytes in 4 chars, and pads the remainder.
+      this.surrogateSize = 3;
+      this.detectIncompleteChar = base64DetectIncompleteChar;
+      break;
+    default:
+      this.write = passThroughWrite;
+      return;
+  }
+
+  // Enough space to store all bytes of a single character. UTF-8 needs 4
+  // bytes, but CESU-8 may require up to 6 (3 bytes per surrogate).
+  this.charBuffer = new Buffer(6);
+  // Number of bytes received for the current incomplete multi-byte character.
+  this.charReceived = 0;
+  // Number of bytes expected for the current incomplete multi-byte character.
+  this.charLength = 0;
+};
+
+
+// write decodes the given buffer and returns it as JS string that is
+// guaranteed to not contain any partial multi-byte characters. Any partial
+// character found at the end of the buffer is buffered up, and will be
+// returned when calling write again with the remaining bytes.
+//
+// Note: Converting a Buffer containing an orphan surrogate to a String
+// currently works, but converting a String to a Buffer (via `new Buffer`, or
+// Buffer#write) will replace incomplete surrogates with the unicode
+// replacement character. See https://codereview.chromium.org/121173009/ .
+StringDecoder.prototype.write = function(buffer) {
+  var charStr = '';
+  // if our last write ended with an incomplete multibyte character
+  while (this.charLength) {
+    // determine how many remaining bytes this buffer has to offer for this char
+    var available = (buffer.length >= this.charLength - this.charReceived) ?
+        this.charLength - this.charReceived :
+        buffer.length;
+
+    // add the new bytes to the char buffer
+    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, this.charReceived, 0, available);
+    this.charReceived += available;
+
+    if (this.charReceived < this.charLength) {
+      // still not enough chars in this buffer? wait for more ...
+      return '';
+    }
+
+    // remove bytes belonging to the current character from the buffer
+    buffer = buffer.slice(available, buffer.length);
+
+    // get the character that was split
+    charStr = this.charBuffer.slice(0, this.charLength).toString(this.encoding);
+
+    // CESU-8: lead surrogate (D800-DBFF) is also the incomplete character
+    var charCode = charStr.charCodeAt(charStr.length - 1);
+    if (charCode >= 0xD800 && charCode <= 0xDBFF) {
+      this.charLength += this.surrogateSize;
+      charStr = '';
+      continue;
+    }
+    this.charReceived = this.charLength = 0;
+
+    // if there are no more bytes in this buffer, just emit our char
+    if (buffer.length === 0) {
+      return charStr;
+    }
+    break;
+  }
+
+  // determine and set charLength / charReceived
+  this.detectIncompleteChar(buffer);
+
+  var end = buffer.length;
+  if (this.charLength) {
+    // buffer the incomplete character bytes we got
+    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, 0, buffer.length - this.charReceived, end);
+    end -= this.charReceived;
+  }
+
+  charStr += buffer.toString(this.encoding, 0, end);
+
+  var end = charStr.length - 1;
+  var charCode = charStr.charCodeAt(end);
+  // CESU-8: lead surrogate (D800-DBFF) is also the incomplete character
+  if (charCode >= 0xD800 && charCode <= 0xDBFF) {
+    var size = this.surrogateSize;
+    this.charLength += size;
+    this.charReceived += size;
+    this.charBuffer.copy(this.charBuffer, size, 0, size);
+    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, 0, 0, size);
+    return charStr.substring(0, end);
+  }
+
+  // or just emit the charStr
+  return charStr;
+};
+
+// detectIncompleteChar determines if there is an incomplete UTF-8 character at
+// the end of the given buffer. If so, it sets this.charLength to the byte
+// length that character, and sets this.charReceived to the number of bytes
+// that are available for this character.
+StringDecoder.prototype.detectIncompleteChar = function(buffer) {
+  // determine how many bytes we have to check at the end of this buffer
+  var i = (buffer.length >= 3) ? 3 : buffer.length;
+
+  // Figure out if one of the last i bytes of our buffer announces an
+  // incomplete char.
+  for (; i > 0; i--) {
+    var c = buffer[buffer.length - i];
+
+    // See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8#Description
+
+    // 110XXXXX
+    if (i == 1 && c >> 5 == 0x06) {
+      this.charLength = 2;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // 1110XXXX
+    if (i <= 2 && c >> 4 == 0x0E) {
+      this.charLength = 3;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // 11110XXX
+    if (i <= 3 && c >> 3 == 0x1E) {
+      this.charLength = 4;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  this.charReceived = i;
+};
+
+StringDecoder.prototype.end = function(buffer) {
+  var res = '';
+  if (buffer && buffer.length)
+    res = this.write(buffer);
+
+  if (this.charReceived) {
+    var cr = this.charReceived;
+    var buf = this.charBuffer;
+    var enc = this.encoding;
+    res += buf.slice(0, cr).toString(enc);
+  }
+
+  return res;
+};
+
+function passThroughWrite(buffer) {
+  return buffer.toString(this.encoding);
+}
+
+function utf16DetectIncompleteChar(buffer) {
+  this.charReceived = buffer.length % 2;
+  this.charLength = this.charReceived ? 2 : 0;
+}
+
+function base64DetectIncompleteChar(buffer) {
+  this.charReceived = buffer.length % 3;
+  this.charLength = this.charReceived ? 3 : 0;
+}
+
+},{"buffer":7}],28:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = function isBuffer(arg) {
+  return arg && typeof arg === 'object'
+    && typeof arg.copy === 'function'
+    && typeof arg.fill === 'function'
+    && typeof arg.readUInt8 === 'function';
+}
+},{}],29:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process,global){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+var formatRegExp = /%[sdj%]/g;
+exports.format = function(f) {
+  if (!isString(f)) {
+    var objects = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+      objects.push(inspect(arguments[i]));
+    }
+    return objects.join(' ');
+  }
+
+  var i = 1;
+  var args = arguments;
+  var len = args.length;
+  var str = String(f).replace(formatRegExp, function(x) {
+    if (x === '%%') return '%';
+    if (i >= len) return x;
+    switch (x) {
+      case '%s': return String(args[i++]);
+      case '%d': return Number(args[i++]);
+      case '%j':
+        try {
+          return JSON.stringify(args[i++]);
+        } catch (_) {
+          return '[Circular]';
+        }
+      default:
+        return x;
+    }
+  });
+  for (var x = args[i]; i < len; x = args[++i]) {
+    if (isNull(x) || !isObject(x)) {
+      str += ' ' + x;
+    } else {
+      str += ' ' + inspect(x);
+    }
+  }
+  return str;
+};
+
+
+// Mark that a method should not be used.
+// Returns a modified function which warns once by default.
+// If --no-deprecation is set, then it is a no-op.
+exports.deprecate = function(fn, msg) {
+  // Allow for deprecating things in the process of starting up.
+  if (isUndefined(global.process)) {
+    return function() {
+      return exports.deprecate(fn, msg).apply(this, arguments);
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (process.noDeprecation === true) {
+    return fn;
+  }
+
+  var warned = false;
+  function deprecated() {
+    if (!warned) {
+      if (process.throwDeprecation) {
+        throw new Error(msg);
+      } else if (process.traceDeprecation) {
+        console.trace(msg);
+      } else {
+        console.error(msg);
+      }
+      warned = true;
+    }
+    return fn.apply(this, arguments);
+  }
+
+  return deprecated;
+};
+
+
+var debugs = {};
+var debugEnviron;
+exports.debuglog = function(set) {
+  if (isUndefined(debugEnviron))
+    debugEnviron = process.env.NODE_DEBUG || '';
+  set = set.toUpperCase();
+  if (!debugs[set]) {
+    if (new RegExp('\\b' + set + '\\b', 'i').test(debugEnviron)) {
+      var pid = process.pid;
+      debugs[set] = function() {
+        var msg = exports.format.apply(exports, arguments);
+        console.error('%s %d: %s', set, pid, msg);
+      };
+    } else {
+      debugs[set] = function() {};
+    }
+  }
+  return debugs[set];
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Echos the value of a value. Trys to print the value out
+ * in the best way possible given the different types.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} obj The object to print out.
+ * @param {Object} opts Optional options object that alters the output.
+ */
+/* legacy: obj, showHidden, depth, colors*/
+function inspect(obj, opts) {
+  // default options
+  var ctx = {
+    seen: [],
+    stylize: stylizeNoColor
+  };
+  // legacy...
+  if (arguments.length >= 3) ctx.depth = arguments[2];
+  if (arguments.length >= 4) ctx.colors = arguments[3];
+  if (isBoolean(opts)) {
+    // legacy...
+    ctx.showHidden = opts;
+  } else if (opts) {
+    // got an "options" object
+    exports._extend(ctx, opts);
+  }
+  // set default options
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.showHidden)) ctx.showHidden = false;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.depth)) ctx.depth = 2;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.colors)) ctx.colors = false;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.customInspect)) ctx.customInspect = true;
+  if (ctx.colors) ctx.stylize = stylizeWithColor;
+  return formatValue(ctx, obj, ctx.depth);
+}
+exports.inspect = inspect;
+
+
+// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#graphics
+inspect.colors = {
+  'bold' : [1, 22],
+  'italic' : [3, 23],
+  'underline' : [4, 24],
+  'inverse' : [7, 27],
+  'white' : [37, 39],
+  'grey' : [90, 39],
+  'black' : [30, 39],
+  'blue' : [34, 39],
+  'cyan' : [36, 39],
+  'green' : [32, 39],
+  'magenta' : [35, 39],
+  'red' : [31, 39],
+  'yellow' : [33, 39]
+};
+
+// Don't use 'blue' not visible on cmd.exe
+inspect.styles = {
+  'special': 'cyan',
+  'number': 'yellow',
+  'boolean': 'yellow',
+  'undefined': 'grey',
+  'null': 'bold',
+  'string': 'green',
+  'date': 'magenta',
+  // "name": intentionally not styling
+  'regexp': 'red'
+};
+
+
+function stylizeWithColor(str, styleType) {
+  var style = inspect.styles[styleType];
+
+  if (style) {
+    return '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][0] + 'm' + str +
+           '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][1] + 'm';
+  } else {
+    return str;
+  }
+}
+
+
+function stylizeNoColor(str, styleType) {
+  return str;
+}
+
+
+function arrayToHash(array) {
+  var hash = {};
+
+  array.forEach(function(val, idx) {
+    hash[val] = true;
+  });
+
+  return hash;
+}
+
+
+function formatValue(ctx, value, recurseTimes) {
+  // Provide a hook for user-specified inspect functions.
+  // Check that value is an object with an inspect function on it
+  if (ctx.customInspect &&
+      value &&
+      isFunction(value.inspect) &&
+      // Filter out the util module, it's inspect function is special
+      value.inspect !== exports.inspect &&
+      // Also filter out any prototype objects using the circular check.
+      !(value.constructor && value.constructor.prototype === value)) {
+    var ret = value.inspect(recurseTimes, ctx);
+    if (!isString(ret)) {
+      ret = formatValue(ctx, ret, recurseTimes);
+    }
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  // Primitive types cannot have properties
+  var primitive = formatPrimitive(ctx, value);
+  if (primitive) {
+    return primitive;
+  }
+
+  // Look up the keys of the object.
+  var keys = Object.keys(value);
+  var visibleKeys = arrayToHash(keys);
+
+  if (ctx.showHidden) {
+    keys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(value);
+  }
+
+  // IE doesn't make error fields non-enumerable
+  // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/dww52sbt(v=vs.94).aspx
+  if (isError(value)
+      && (keys.indexOf('message') >= 0 || keys.indexOf('description') >= 0)) {
+    return formatError(value);
+  }
+
+  // Some type of object without properties can be shortcutted.
+  if (keys.length === 0) {
+    if (isFunction(value)) {
+      var name = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
+      return ctx.stylize('[Function' + name + ']', 'special');
+    }
+    if (isRegExp(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+    }
+    if (isDate(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(Date.prototype.toString.call(value), 'date');
+    }
+    if (isError(value)) {
+      return formatError(value);
+    }
+  }
+
+  var base = '', array = false, braces = ['{', '}'];
+
+  // Make Array say that they are Array
+  if (isArray(value)) {
+    array = true;
+    braces = ['[', ']'];
+  }
+
+  // Make functions say that they are functions
+  if (isFunction(value)) {
+    var n = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
+    base = ' [Function' + n + ']';
+  }
+
+  // Make RegExps say that they are RegExps
+  if (isRegExp(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value);
+  }
+
+  // Make dates with properties first say the date
+  if (isDate(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value);
+  }
+
+  // Make error with message first say the error
+  if (isError(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + formatError(value);
+  }
+
+  if (keys.length === 0 && (!array || value.length == 0)) {
+    return braces[0] + base + braces[1];
+  }
+
+  if (recurseTimes < 0) {
+    if (isRegExp(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+    } else {
+      return ctx.stylize('[Object]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
+
+  ctx.seen.push(value);
+
+  var output;
+  if (array) {
+    output = formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys);
+  } else {
+    output = keys.map(function(key) {
+      return formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array);
+    });
+  }
+
+  ctx.seen.pop();
+
+  return reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces);
+}
+
+
+function formatPrimitive(ctx, value) {
+  if (isUndefined(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('undefined', 'undefined');
+  if (isString(value)) {
+    var simple = '\'' + JSON.stringify(value).replace(/^"|"$/g, '')
+                                             .replace(/'/g, "\\'")
+                                             .replace(/\\"/g, '"') + '\'';
+    return ctx.stylize(simple, 'string');
+  }
+  if (isNumber(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'number');
+  if (isBoolean(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'boolean');
+  // For some reason typeof null is "object", so special case here.
+  if (isNull(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('null', 'null');
+}
+
+
+function formatError(value) {
+  return '[' + Error.prototype.toString.call(value) + ']';
+}
+
+
+function formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys) {
+  var output = [];
+  for (var i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; ++i) {
+    if (hasOwnProperty(value, String(i))) {
+      output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
+          String(i), true));
+    } else {
+      output.push('');
+    }
+  }
+  keys.forEach(function(key) {
+    if (!key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
+      output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
+          key, true));
+    }
+  });
+  return output;
+}
+
+
+function formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array) {
+  var name, str, desc;
+  desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(value, key) || { value: value[key] };
+  if (desc.get) {
+    if (desc.set) {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Getter/Setter]', 'special');
+    } else {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Getter]', 'special');
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (desc.set) {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Setter]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
+  if (!hasOwnProperty(visibleKeys, key)) {
+    name = '[' + key + ']';
+  }
+  if (!str) {
+    if (ctx.seen.indexOf(desc.value) < 0) {
+      if (isNull(recurseTimes)) {
+        str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, null);
+      } else {
+        str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, recurseTimes - 1);
+      }
+      if (str.indexOf('\n') > -1) {
+        if (array) {
+          str = str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
+            return '  ' + line;
+          }).join('\n').substr(2);
+        } else {
+          str = '\n' + str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
+            return '   ' + line;
+          }).join('\n');
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Circular]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
+  if (isUndefined(name)) {
+    if (array && key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
+      return str;
+    }
+    name = JSON.stringify('' + key);
+    if (name.match(/^"([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)"$/)) {
+      name = name.substr(1, name.length - 2);
+      name = ctx.stylize(name, 'name');
+    } else {
+      name = name.replace(/'/g, "\\'")
+                 .replace(/\\"/g, '"')
+                 .replace(/(^"|"$)/g, "'");
+      name = ctx.stylize(name, 'string');
+    }
+  }
+
+  return name + ': ' + str;
+}
+
+
+function reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces) {
+  var numLinesEst = 0;
+  var length = output.reduce(function(prev, cur) {
+    numLinesEst++;
+    if (cur.indexOf('\n') >= 0) numLinesEst++;
+    return prev + cur.replace(/\u001b\[\d\d?m/g, '').length + 1;
+  }, 0);
+
+  if (length > 60) {
+    return braces[0] +
+           (base === '' ? '' : base + '\n ') +
+           ' ' +
+           output.join(',\n  ') +
+           ' ' +
+           braces[1];
+  }
+
+  return braces[0] + base + ' ' + output.join(', ') + ' ' + braces[1];
+}
+
+
+// NOTE: These type checking functions intentionally don't use `instanceof`
+// because it is fragile and can be easily faked with `Object.create()`.
+function isArray(ar) {
+  return Array.isArray(ar);
+}
+exports.isArray = isArray;
+
+function isBoolean(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'boolean';
+}
+exports.isBoolean = isBoolean;
+
+function isNull(arg) {
+  return arg === null;
+}
+exports.isNull = isNull;
+
+function isNullOrUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg == null;
+}
+exports.isNullOrUndefined = isNullOrUndefined;
+
+function isNumber(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'number';
+}
+exports.isNumber = isNumber;
+
+function isString(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'string';
+}
+exports.isString = isString;
+
+function isSymbol(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'symbol';
+}
+exports.isSymbol = isSymbol;
+
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg === void 0;
+}
+exports.isUndefined = isUndefined;
+
+function isRegExp(re) {
+  return isObject(re) && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
+}
+exports.isRegExp = isRegExp;
+
+function isObject(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+exports.isObject = isObject;
+
+function isDate(d) {
+  return isObject(d) && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
+}
+exports.isDate = isDate;
+
+function isError(e) {
+  return isObject(e) &&
+      (objectToString(e) === '[object Error]' || e instanceof Error);
+}
+exports.isError = isError;
+
+function isFunction(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'function';
+}
+exports.isFunction = isFunction;
+
+function isPrimitive(arg) {
+  return arg === null ||
+         typeof arg === 'boolean' ||
+         typeof arg === 'number' ||
+         typeof arg === 'string' ||
+         typeof arg === 'symbol' ||  // ES6 symbol
+         typeof arg === 'undefined';
+}
+exports.isPrimitive = isPrimitive;
+
+exports.isBuffer = require('./support/isBuffer');
+
+function objectToString(o) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
+}
+
+
+function pad(n) {
+  return n < 10 ? '0' + n.toString(10) : n.toString(10);
+}
+
+
+var months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep',
+              'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'];
+
+// 26 Feb 16:19:34
+function timestamp() {
+  var d = new Date();
+  var time = [pad(d.getHours()),
+              pad(d.getMinutes()),
+              pad(d.getSeconds())].join(':');
+  return [d.getDate(), months[d.getMonth()], time].join(' ');
+}
+
+
+// log is just a thin wrapper to console.log that prepends a timestamp
+exports.log = function() {
+  console.log('%s - %s', timestamp(), exports.format.apply(exports, arguments));
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Inherit the prototype methods from one constructor into another.
+ *
+ * The Function.prototype.inherits from lang.js rewritten as a standalone
+ * function (not on Function.prototype). NOTE: If this file is to be loaded
+ * during bootstrapping this function needs to be rewritten using some native
+ * functions as prototype setup using normal JavaScript does not work as
+ * expected during bootstrapping (see mirror.js in r114903).
+ *
+ * @param {function} ctor Constructor function which needs to inherit the
+ *     prototype.
+ * @param {function} superCtor Constructor function to inherit prototype from.
+ */
+exports.inherits = require('inherits');
+
+exports._extend = function(origin, add) {
+  // Don't do anything if add isn't an object
+  if (!add || !isObject(add)) return origin;
+
+  var keys = Object.keys(add);
+  var i = keys.length;
+  while (i--) {
+    origin[keys[i]] = add[keys[i]];
+  }
+  return origin;
+};
+
+function hasOwnProperty(obj, prop) {
+  return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop);
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'),typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
+},{"./support/isBuffer":28,"_process":14,"inherits":12}],30:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Base58 encoding/decoding
+// Originally written by Mike Hearn for BitcoinJ
+// Copyright (c) 2011 Google Inc
+// Ported to JavaScript by Stefan Thomas
+// Merged Buffer refactorings from base58-native by Stephen Pair
+// Copyright (c) 2013 BitPay Inc
+
+var ALPHABET = '123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz'
+var ALPHABET_MAP = {}
+for(var i = 0; i < ALPHABET.length; i++) {
+  ALPHABET_MAP[ALPHABET.charAt(i)] = i
+}
+var BASE = 58
+
+function encode(buffer) {
+  if (buffer.length === 0) return ''
+
+  var i, j, digits = [0]
+  for (i = 0; i < buffer.length; i++) {
+    for (j = 0; j < digits.length; j++) digits[j] <<= 8
+
+    digits[0] += buffer[i]
+
+    var carry = 0
+    for (j = 0; j < digits.length; ++j) {
+      digits[j] += carry
+
+      carry = (digits[j] / BASE) | 0
+      digits[j] %= BASE
+    }
+
+    while (carry) {
+      digits.push(carry % BASE)
+
+      carry = (carry / BASE) | 0
+    }
+  }
+
+  // deal with leading zeros
+  for (i = 0; buffer[i] === 0 && i < buffer.length - 1; i++) digits.push(0)
+
+  // convert digits to a string
+  var stringOutput = ""
+  for (var i = digits.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    stringOutput = stringOutput + ALPHABET[digits[i]]
+  }
+  return stringOutput
+}
+
+function decode(string) {
+  if (string.length === 0) return []
+
+  var i, j, bytes = [0]
+  for (i = 0; i < string.length; i++) {
+    var c = string[i]
+    if (!(c in ALPHABET_MAP)) throw new Error('Non-base58 character')
+
+    for (j = 0; j < bytes.length; j++) bytes[j] *= BASE
+    bytes[0] += ALPHABET_MAP[c]
+
+    var carry = 0
+    for (j = 0; j < bytes.length; ++j) {
+      bytes[j] += carry
+
+      carry = bytes[j] >> 8
+      bytes[j] &= 0xff
+    }
+
+    while (carry) {
+      bytes.push(carry & 0xff)
+
+      carry >>= 8
+    }
+  }
+
+  // deal with leading zeros
+  for (i = 0; string[i] === '1' && i < string.length - 1; i++) bytes.push(0)
+
+  return bytes.reverse()
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  encode: encode,
+  decode: decode
+}
+
+},{}],31:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict'
+
+var base58 = require('bs58')
+var createHash = require('create-hash')
+
+// SHA256(SHA256(buffer))
+function sha256x2 (buffer) {
+  buffer = createHash('sha256').update(buffer).digest()
+  return createHash('sha256').update(buffer).digest()
+}
+
+// Encode a buffer as a base58-check encoded string
+function encode (payload) {
+  var checksum = sha256x2(payload).slice(0, 4)
+
+  return base58.encode(Buffer.concat([
+    payload,
+    checksum
+  ]))
+}
+
+// Decode a base58-check encoded string to a buffer
+function decode (string) {
+  var buffer = new Buffer(base58.decode(string))
+
+  var payload = buffer.slice(0, -4)
+  var checksum = buffer.slice(-4)
+  var newChecksum = sha256x2(payload).slice(0, 4)
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < newChecksum.length; ++i) {
+    if (newChecksum[i] === checksum[i]) continue
+
+    throw new Error('Invalid checksum')
+  }
+
+  return payload
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  encode: encode,
+  decode: decode
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"bs58":30,"buffer":7,"create-hash":32}],32:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict';
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var md5 = require('./md5')
+var rmd160 = require('ripemd160')
+var sha = require('sha.js')
+
+var Transform = require('stream').Transform
+
+function HashNoConstructor(hash) {
+  Transform.call(this)
+
+  this._hash = hash
+  this.buffers = []
+}
+
+inherits(HashNoConstructor, Transform)
+
+HashNoConstructor.prototype._transform = function (data, _, next) {
+  this.buffers.push(data)
+
+  next()
+}
+
+HashNoConstructor.prototype._flush = function (next) {
+  this.push(this.digest())
+  next()
+}
+
+HashNoConstructor.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
+  if (typeof data === 'string') {
+    data = new Buffer(data, enc)
+  }
+
+  this.buffers.push(data)
+  return this
+}
+
+HashNoConstructor.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
+  var buf = Buffer.concat(this.buffers)
+  var r = this._hash(buf)
+  this.buffers = null
+
+  return enc ? r.toString(enc) : r
+}
+
+function Hash(hash) {
+  Transform.call(this)
+
+  this._hash = hash
+}
+
+inherits(Hash, Transform)
+
+Hash.prototype._transform = function (data, enc, next) {
+  if (enc) data = new Buffer(data, enc)
+
+  this._hash.update(data)
+
+  next()
+}
+
+Hash.prototype._flush = function (next) {
+  this.push(this._hash.digest())
+  this._hash = null
+
+  next()
+}
+
+Hash.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
+  if (typeof data === 'string') {
+    data = new Buffer(data, enc)
+  }
+
+  this._hash.update(data)
+  return this
+}
+
+Hash.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
+  var outData = this._hash.digest()
+
+  return enc ? outData.toString(enc) : outData
+}
+
+module.exports = function createHash (alg) {
+  if ('md5' === alg) return new HashNoConstructor(md5)
+  if ('rmd160' === alg) return new HashNoConstructor(rmd160)
+
+  return new Hash(sha(alg))
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./md5":34,"buffer":7,"inherits":35,"ripemd160":36,"sha.js":38,"stream":26}],33:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict';
+var intSize = 4;
+var zeroBuffer = new Buffer(intSize); zeroBuffer.fill(0);
+var chrsz = 8;
+
+function toArray(buf, bigEndian) {
+  if ((buf.length % intSize) !== 0) {
+    var len = buf.length + (intSize - (buf.length % intSize));
+    buf = Buffer.concat([buf, zeroBuffer], len);
+  }
+
+  var arr = [];
+  var fn = bigEndian ? buf.readInt32BE : buf.readInt32LE;
+  for (var i = 0; i < buf.length; i += intSize) {
+    arr.push(fn.call(buf, i));
+  }
+  return arr;
+}
+
+function toBuffer(arr, size, bigEndian) {
+  var buf = new Buffer(size);
+  var fn = bigEndian ? buf.writeInt32BE : buf.writeInt32LE;
+  for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+    fn.call(buf, arr[i], i * 4, true);
+  }
+  return buf;
+}
+
+function hash(buf, fn, hashSize, bigEndian) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) buf = new Buffer(buf);
+  var arr = fn(toArray(buf, bigEndian), buf.length * chrsz);
+  return toBuffer(arr, hashSize, bigEndian);
+}
+exports.hash = hash;
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":7}],34:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
+/*
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
+ * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
+ * Version 2.1 Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2002.
+ * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+ * Distributed under the BSD License
+ * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for more info.
+ */
+
+var helpers = require('./helpers');
+
+/*
+ * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length
+ */
+function core_md5(x, len)
+{
+  /* append padding */
+  x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << ((len) % 32);
+  x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;
+
+  var a =  1732584193;
+  var b = -271733879;
+  var c = -1732584194;
+  var d =  271733878;
+
+  for(var i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16)
+  {
+    var olda = a;
+    var oldb = b;
+    var oldc = c;
+    var oldd = d;
+
+    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 7 , -680876936);
+    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 1], 12, -389564586);
+    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 17,  606105819);
+    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 3], 22, -1044525330);
+    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 7 , -176418897);
+    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 5], 12,  1200080426);
+    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 17, -1473231341);
+    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 7], 22, -45705983);
+    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 7 ,  1770035416);
+    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 9], 12, -1958414417);
+    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 17, -42063);
+    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+11], 22, -1990404162);
+    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 7 ,  1804603682);
+    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+13], 12, -40341101);
+    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 17, -1502002290);
+    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+15], 22,  1236535329);
+
+    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 5 , -165796510);
+    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 6], 9 , -1069501632);
+    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 14,  643717713);
+    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 0], 20, -373897302);
+    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 5 , -701558691);
+    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+10], 9 ,  38016083);
+    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 14, -660478335);
+    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 4], 20, -405537848);
+    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 5 ,  568446438);
+    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+14], 9 , -1019803690);
+    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 14, -187363961);
+    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 8], 20,  1163531501);
+    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 5 , -1444681467);
+    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 2], 9 , -51403784);
+    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 14,  1735328473);
+    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+12], 20, -1926607734);
+
+    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 4 , -378558);
+    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 8], 11, -2022574463);
+    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 16,  1839030562);
+    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+14], 23, -35309556);
+    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 4 , -1530992060);
+    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 4], 11,  1272893353);
+    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 16, -155497632);
+    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+10], 23, -1094730640);
+    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 4 ,  681279174);
+    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 0], 11, -358537222);
+    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 16, -722521979);
+    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 6], 23,  76029189);
+    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 4 , -640364487);
+    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+12], 11, -421815835);
+    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 16,  530742520);
+    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 2], 23, -995338651);
+
+    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 6 , -198630844);
+    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 7], 10,  1126891415);
+    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 15, -1416354905);
+    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 5], 21, -57434055);
+    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 6 ,  1700485571);
+    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 3], 10, -1894986606);
+    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 15, -1051523);
+    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 1], 21, -2054922799);
+    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 6 ,  1873313359);
+    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+15], 10, -30611744);
+    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 15, -1560198380);
+    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+13], 21,  1309151649);
+    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 6 , -145523070);
+    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+11], 10, -1120210379);
+    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 15,  718787259);
+    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 9], 21, -343485551);
+
+    a = safe_add(a, olda);
+    b = safe_add(b, oldb);
+    c = safe_add(c, oldc);
+    d = safe_add(d, oldd);
+  }
+  return Array(a, b, c, d);
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
+ */
+function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t)
+{
+  return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s),b);
+}
+function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
+{
+  return md5_cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
+}
+function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
+{
+  return md5_cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
+}
+function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
+{
+  return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
+}
+function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
+{
+  return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
+ * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
+ */
+function safe_add(x, y)
+{
+  var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF);
+  var msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
+  return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
+ */
+function bit_rol(num, cnt)
+{
+  return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
+}
+
+module.exports = function md5(buf) {
+  return helpers.hash(buf, core_md5, 16);
+};
+},{"./helpers":33}],35:[function(require,module,exports){
+arguments[4][12][0].apply(exports,arguments)
+},{"dup":12}],36:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/*
+CryptoJS v3.1.2
+code.google.com/p/crypto-js
+(c) 2009-2013 by Jeff Mott. All rights reserved.
+code.google.com/p/crypto-js/wiki/License
+*/
+/** @preserve
+(c) 2012 by Cédric Mesnil. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+    - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+*/
+
+// constants table
+var zl = [
+  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
+  7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8,
+  3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12,
+  1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2,
+  4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13
+]
+
+var zr = [
+  5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12,
+  6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2,
+  15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13,
+  8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14,
+  12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11
+]
+
+var sl = [
+  11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8,
+  7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12,
+  11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5,
+  11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12,
+  9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6
+]
+
+var sr = [
+  8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6,
+  9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11,
+  9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5,
+  15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8,
+  8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11
+]
+
+var hl = [0x00000000, 0x5A827999, 0x6ED9EBA1, 0x8F1BBCDC, 0xA953FD4E]
+var hr = [0x50A28BE6, 0x5C4DD124, 0x6D703EF3, 0x7A6D76E9, 0x00000000]
+
+function bytesToWords (bytes) {
+  var words = []
+  for (var i = 0, b = 0; i < bytes.length; i++, b += 8) {
+    words[b >>> 5] |= bytes[i] << (24 - b % 32)
+  }
+  return words
+}
+
+function wordsToBytes (words) {
+  var bytes = []
+  for (var b = 0; b < words.length * 32; b += 8) {
+    bytes.push((words[b >>> 5] >>> (24 - b % 32)) & 0xFF)
+  }
+  return bytes
+}
+
+function processBlock (H, M, offset) {
+  // swap endian
+  for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+    var offset_i = offset + i
+    var M_offset_i = M[offset_i]
+
+    // Swap
+    M[offset_i] = (
+      (((M_offset_i << 8) | (M_offset_i >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
+      (((M_offset_i << 24) | (M_offset_i >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
+    )
+  }
+
+  // Working variables
+  var al, bl, cl, dl, el
+  var ar, br, cr, dr, er
+
+  ar = al = H[0]
+  br = bl = H[1]
+  cr = cl = H[2]
+  dr = dl = H[3]
+  er = el = H[4]
+
+  // computation
+  var t
+  for (i = 0; i < 80; i += 1) {
+    t = (al + M[offset + zl[i]]) | 0
+    if (i < 16) {
+      t += f1(bl, cl, dl) + hl[0]
+    } else if (i < 32) {
+      t += f2(bl, cl, dl) + hl[1]
+    } else if (i < 48) {
+      t += f3(bl, cl, dl) + hl[2]
+    } else if (i < 64) {
+      t += f4(bl, cl, dl) + hl[3]
+    } else {// if (i<80) {
+      t += f5(bl, cl, dl) + hl[4]
+    }
+    t = t | 0
+    t = rotl(t, sl[i])
+    t = (t + el) | 0
+    al = el
+    el = dl
+    dl = rotl(cl, 10)
+    cl = bl
+    bl = t
+
+    t = (ar + M[offset + zr[i]]) | 0
+    if (i < 16) {
+      t += f5(br, cr, dr) + hr[0]
+    } else if (i < 32) {
+      t += f4(br, cr, dr) + hr[1]
+    } else if (i < 48) {
+      t += f3(br, cr, dr) + hr[2]
+    } else if (i < 64) {
+      t += f2(br, cr, dr) + hr[3]
+    } else {// if (i<80) {
+      t += f1(br, cr, dr) + hr[4]
+    }
+
+    t = t | 0
+    t = rotl(t, sr[i])
+    t = (t + er) | 0
+    ar = er
+    er = dr
+    dr = rotl(cr, 10)
+    cr = br
+    br = t
+  }
+
+  // intermediate hash value
+  t = (H[1] + cl + dr) | 0
+  H[1] = (H[2] + dl + er) | 0
+  H[2] = (H[3] + el + ar) | 0
+  H[3] = (H[4] + al + br) | 0
+  H[4] = (H[0] + bl + cr) | 0
+  H[0] = t
+}
+
+function f1 (x, y, z) {
+  return ((x) ^ (y) ^ (z))
+}
+
+function f2 (x, y, z) {
+  return (((x) & (y)) | ((~x) & (z)))
+}
+
+function f3 (x, y, z) {
+  return (((x) | (~(y))) ^ (z))
+}
+
+function f4 (x, y, z) {
+  return (((x) & (z)) | ((y) & (~(z))))
+}
+
+function f5 (x, y, z) {
+  return ((x) ^ ((y) | (~(z))))
+}
+
+function rotl (x, n) {
+  return (x << n) | (x >>> (32 - n))
+}
+
+function ripemd160 (message) {
+  var H = [0x67452301, 0xEFCDAB89, 0x98BADCFE, 0x10325476, 0xC3D2E1F0]
+
+  if (typeof message === 'string') {
+    message = new Buffer(message, 'utf8')
+  }
+
+  var m = bytesToWords(message)
+
+  var nBitsLeft = message.length * 8
+  var nBitsTotal = message.length * 8
+
+  // Add padding
+  m[nBitsLeft >>> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - nBitsLeft % 32)
+  m[(((nBitsLeft + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = (
+    (((nBitsTotal << 8) | (nBitsTotal >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
+    (((nBitsTotal << 24) | (nBitsTotal >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
+  )
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
+    processBlock(H, m, i)
+  }
+
+  // swap endian
+  for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+    // shortcut
+    var H_i = H[i]
+
+    // Swap
+    H[i] = (((H_i << 8) | (H_i >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
+      (((H_i << 24) | (H_i >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
+  }
+
+  var digestbytes = wordsToBytes(H)
+  return new Buffer(digestbytes)
+}
+
+module.exports = ripemd160
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":7}],37:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+// prototype class for hash functions
+function Hash (blockSize, finalSize) {
+  this._block = new Buffer(blockSize)
+  this._finalSize = finalSize
+  this._blockSize = blockSize
+  this._len = 0
+  this._s = 0
+}
+
+Hash.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
+  if (typeof data === 'string') {
+    enc = enc || 'utf8'
+    data = new Buffer(data, enc)
+  }
+
+  var l = this._len += data.length
+  var s = this._s || 0
+  var f = 0
+  var buffer = this._block
+
+  while (s < l) {
+    var t = Math.min(data.length, f + this._blockSize - (s % this._blockSize))
+    var ch = (t - f)
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < ch; i++) {
+      buffer[(s % this._blockSize) + i] = data[i + f]
+    }
+
+    s += ch
+    f += ch
+
+    if ((s % this._blockSize) === 0) {
+      this._update(buffer)
+    }
+  }
+  this._s = s
+
+  return this
+}
+
+Hash.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
+  // Suppose the length of the message M, in bits, is l
+  var l = this._len * 8
+
+  // Append the bit 1 to the end of the message
+  this._block[this._len % this._blockSize] = 0x80
+
+  // and then k zero bits, where k is the smallest non-negative solution to the equation (l + 1 + k) === finalSize mod blockSize
+  this._block.fill(0, this._len % this._blockSize + 1)
+
+  if (l % (this._blockSize * 8) >= this._finalSize * 8) {
+    this._update(this._block)
+    this._block.fill(0)
+  }
+
+  // to this append the block which is equal to the number l written in binary
+  // TODO: handle case where l is > Math.pow(2, 29)
+  this._block.writeInt32BE(l, this._blockSize - 4)
+
+  var hash = this._update(this._block) || this._hash()
+
+  return enc ? hash.toString(enc) : hash
+}
+
+Hash.prototype._update = function () {
+  throw new Error('_update must be implemented by subclass')
+}
+
+module.exports = Hash
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":7}],38:[function(require,module,exports){
+var exports = module.exports = function SHA (algorithm) {
+  algorithm = algorithm.toLowerCase()
+
+  var Algorithm = exports[algorithm]
+  if (!Algorithm) throw new Error(algorithm + ' is not supported (we accept pull requests)')
+
+  return new Algorithm()
+}
+
+exports.sha = require('./sha')
+exports.sha1 = require('./sha1')
+exports.sha224 = require('./sha224')
+exports.sha256 = require('./sha256')
+exports.sha384 = require('./sha384')
+exports.sha512 = require('./sha512')
+
+},{"./sha":39,"./sha1":40,"./sha224":41,"./sha256":42,"./sha384":43,"./sha512":44}],39:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/*
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-0, as defined
+ * in FIPS PUB 180-1
+ * This source code is derived from sha1.js of the same repository.
+ * The difference between SHA-0 and SHA-1 is just a bitwise rotate left
+ * operation was added.
+ */
+
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
+
+var W = new Array(80)
+
+function Sha () {
+  this.init()
+  this._w = W
+
+  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
+}
+
+inherits(Sha, Hash)
+
+Sha.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0x67452301 | 0
+  this._b = 0xefcdab89 | 0
+  this._c = 0x98badcfe | 0
+  this._d = 0x10325476 | 0
+  this._e = 0xc3d2e1f0 | 0
+
+  return this
+}
+
+/*
+ * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
+ */
+function rol (num, cnt) {
+  return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt))
+}
+
+Sha.prototype._update = function (M) {
+  var W = this._w
+
+  var a = this._a
+  var b = this._b
+  var c = this._c
+  var d = this._d
+  var e = this._e
+
+  var j = 0, k
+
+  /*
+   * SHA-1 has a bitwise rotate left operation. But, SHA is not
+   * function calcW() { return rol(W[j - 3] ^ W[j -  8] ^ W[j - 14] ^ W[j - 16], 1) }
+   */
+  function calcW () { return W[j - 3] ^ W[j - 8] ^ W[j - 14] ^ W[j - 16] }
+  function loop (w, f) {
+    W[j] = w
+
+    var t = rol(a, 5) + f + e + w + k
+
+    e = d
+    d = c
+    c = rol(b, 30)
+    b = a
+    a = t
+    j++
+  }
+
+  k = 1518500249
+  while (j < 16) loop(M.readInt32BE(j * 4), (b & c) | ((~b) & d))
+  while (j < 20) loop(calcW(), (b & c) | ((~b) & d))
+  k = 1859775393
+  while (j < 40) loop(calcW(), b ^ c ^ d)
+  k = -1894007588
+  while (j < 60) loop(calcW(), (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d))
+  k = -899497514
+  while (j < 80) loop(calcW(), b ^ c ^ d)
+
+  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
+  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
+  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
+  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
+  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
+}
+
+Sha.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(20)
+
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._a | 0, 0)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._b | 0, 4)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._c | 0, 8)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._d | 0, 12)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._e | 0, 16)
+
+  return H
+}
+
+module.exports = Sha
+
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":37,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],40:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/*
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-1, as defined
+ * in FIPS PUB 180-1
+ * Version 2.1a Copyright Paul Johnston 2000 - 2002.
+ * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+ * Distributed under the BSD License
+ * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+ */
+
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
+
+var W = new Array(80)
+
+function Sha1 () {
+  this.init()
+  this._w = W
+
+  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
+}
+
+inherits(Sha1, Hash)
+
+Sha1.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0x67452301 | 0
+  this._b = 0xefcdab89 | 0
+  this._c = 0x98badcfe | 0
+  this._d = 0x10325476 | 0
+  this._e = 0xc3d2e1f0 | 0
+
+  return this
+}
+
+/*
+ * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
+ */
+function rol (num, cnt) {
+  return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt))
+}
+
+Sha1.prototype._update = function (M) {
+  var W = this._w
+
+  var a = this._a
+  var b = this._b
+  var c = this._c
+  var d = this._d
+  var e = this._e
+
+  var j = 0, k
+
+  function calcW () { return rol(W[j - 3] ^ W[j - 8] ^ W[j - 14] ^ W[j - 16], 1) }
+  function loop (w, f) {
+    W[j] = w
+
+    var t = rol(a, 5) + f + e + w + k
+
+    e = d
+    d = c
+    c = rol(b, 30)
+    b = a
+    a = t
+    j++
+  }
+
+  k = 1518500249
+  while (j < 16) loop(M.readInt32BE(j * 4), (b & c) | ((~b) & d))
+  while (j < 20) loop(calcW(), (b & c) | ((~b) & d))
+  k = 1859775393
+  while (j < 40) loop(calcW(), b ^ c ^ d)
+  k = -1894007588
+  while (j < 60) loop(calcW(), (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d))
+  k = -899497514
+  while (j < 80) loop(calcW(), b ^ c ^ d)
+
+  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
+  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
+  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
+  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
+  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
+}
+
+Sha1.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(20)
+
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._a | 0, 0)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._b | 0, 4)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._c | 0, 8)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._d | 0, 12)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._e | 0, 16)
+
+  return H
+}
+
+module.exports = Sha1
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":37,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],41:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/**
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined
+ * in FIPS 180-2
+ * Version 2.2-beta Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+ * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+ *
+ */
+
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Sha256 = require('./sha256')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
+
+var W = new Array(64)
+
+function Sha224 () {
+  this.init()
+
+  this._w = W // new Array(64)
+
+  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
+}
+
+inherits(Sha224, Sha256)
+
+Sha224.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0xc1059ed8 | 0
+  this._b = 0x367cd507 | 0
+  this._c = 0x3070dd17 | 0
+  this._d = 0xf70e5939 | 0
+  this._e = 0xffc00b31 | 0
+  this._f = 0x68581511 | 0
+  this._g = 0x64f98fa7 | 0
+  this._h = 0xbefa4fa4 | 0
+
+  return this
+}
+
+Sha224.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(28)
+
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._a, 0)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._b, 4)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._c, 8)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._d, 12)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._e, 16)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._f, 20)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._g, 24)
+
+  return H
+}
+
+module.exports = Sha224
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":37,"./sha256":42,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],42:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/**
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined
+ * in FIPS 180-2
+ * Version 2.2-beta Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+ * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+ *
+ */
+
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
+
+var K = [
+  0x428A2F98, 0x71374491, 0xB5C0FBCF, 0xE9B5DBA5,
+  0x3956C25B, 0x59F111F1, 0x923F82A4, 0xAB1C5ED5,
+  0xD807AA98, 0x12835B01, 0x243185BE, 0x550C7DC3,
+  0x72BE5D74, 0x80DEB1FE, 0x9BDC06A7, 0xC19BF174,
+  0xE49B69C1, 0xEFBE4786, 0x0FC19DC6, 0x240CA1CC,
+  0x2DE92C6F, 0x4A7484AA, 0x5CB0A9DC, 0x76F988DA,
+  0x983E5152, 0xA831C66D, 0xB00327C8, 0xBF597FC7,
+  0xC6E00BF3, 0xD5A79147, 0x06CA6351, 0x14292967,
+  0x27B70A85, 0x2E1B2138, 0x4D2C6DFC, 0x53380D13,
+  0x650A7354, 0x766A0ABB, 0x81C2C92E, 0x92722C85,
+  0xA2BFE8A1, 0xA81A664B, 0xC24B8B70, 0xC76C51A3,
+  0xD192E819, 0xD6990624, 0xF40E3585, 0x106AA070,
+  0x19A4C116, 0x1E376C08, 0x2748774C, 0x34B0BCB5,
+  0x391C0CB3, 0x4ED8AA4A, 0x5B9CCA4F, 0x682E6FF3,
+  0x748F82EE, 0x78A5636F, 0x84C87814, 0x8CC70208,
+  0x90BEFFFA, 0xA4506CEB, 0xBEF9A3F7, 0xC67178F2
+]
+
+var W = new Array(64)
+
+function Sha256 () {
+  this.init()
+
+  this._w = W // new Array(64)
+
+  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
+}
+
+inherits(Sha256, Hash)
+
+Sha256.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0x6a09e667 | 0
+  this._b = 0xbb67ae85 | 0
+  this._c = 0x3c6ef372 | 0
+  this._d = 0xa54ff53a | 0
+  this._e = 0x510e527f | 0
+  this._f = 0x9b05688c | 0
+  this._g = 0x1f83d9ab | 0
+  this._h = 0x5be0cd19 | 0
+
+  return this
+}
+
+function S (X, n) {
+  return (X >>> n) | (X << (32 - n))
+}
+
+function R (X, n) {
+  return (X >>> n)
+}
+
+function Ch (x, y, z) {
+  return ((x & y) ^ ((~x) & z))
+}
+
+function Maj (x, y, z) {
+  return ((x & y) ^ (x & z) ^ (y & z))
+}
+
+function Sigma0256 (x) {
+  return (S(x, 2) ^ S(x, 13) ^ S(x, 22))
+}
+
+function Sigma1256 (x) {
+  return (S(x, 6) ^ S(x, 11) ^ S(x, 25))
+}
+
+function Gamma0256 (x) {
+  return (S(x, 7) ^ S(x, 18) ^ R(x, 3))
+}
+
+function Gamma1256 (x) {
+  return (S(x, 17) ^ S(x, 19) ^ R(x, 10))
+}
+
+Sha256.prototype._update = function (M) {
+  var W = this._w
+
+  var a = this._a | 0
+  var b = this._b | 0
+  var c = this._c | 0
+  var d = this._d | 0
+  var e = this._e | 0
+  var f = this._f | 0
+  var g = this._g | 0
+  var h = this._h | 0
+
+  var j = 0
+
+  function calcW () { return Gamma1256(W[j - 2]) + W[j - 7] + Gamma0256(W[j - 15]) + W[j - 16] }
+  function loop (w) {
+    W[j] = w
+
+    var T1 = h + Sigma1256(e) + Ch(e, f, g) + K[j] + w
+    var T2 = Sigma0256(a) + Maj(a, b, c)
+
+    h = g
+    g = f
+    f = e
+    e = d + T1
+    d = c
+    c = b
+    b = a
+    a = T1 + T2
+
+    j++
+  }
+
+  while (j < 16) loop(M.readInt32BE(j * 4))
+  while (j < 64) loop(calcW())
+
+  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
+  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
+  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
+  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
+  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
+  this._f = (f + this._f) | 0
+  this._g = (g + this._g) | 0
+  this._h = (h + this._h) | 0
+}
+
+Sha256.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(32)
+
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._a, 0)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._b, 4)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._c, 8)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._d, 12)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._e, 16)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._f, 20)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._g, 24)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._h, 28)
+
+  return H
+}
+
+module.exports = Sha256
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":37,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],43:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var SHA512 = require('./sha512')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
+
+var W = new Array(160)
+
+function Sha384 () {
+  this.init()
+  this._w = W
+
+  Hash.call(this, 128, 112)
+}
+
+inherits(Sha384, SHA512)
+
+Sha384.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0xcbbb9d5d | 0
+  this._b = 0x629a292a | 0
+  this._c = 0x9159015a | 0
+  this._d = 0x152fecd8 | 0
+  this._e = 0x67332667 | 0
+  this._f = 0x8eb44a87 | 0
+  this._g = 0xdb0c2e0d | 0
+  this._h = 0x47b5481d | 0
+
+  this._al = 0xc1059ed8 | 0
+  this._bl = 0x367cd507 | 0
+  this._cl = 0x3070dd17 | 0
+  this._dl = 0xf70e5939 | 0
+  this._el = 0xffc00b31 | 0
+  this._fl = 0x68581511 | 0
+  this._gl = 0x64f98fa7 | 0
+  this._hl = 0xbefa4fa4 | 0
+
+  return this
+}
+
+Sha384.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(48)
+
+  function writeInt64BE (h, l, offset) {
+    H.writeInt32BE(h, offset)
+    H.writeInt32BE(l, offset + 4)
+  }
+
+  writeInt64BE(this._a, this._al, 0)
+  writeInt64BE(this._b, this._bl, 8)
+  writeInt64BE(this._c, this._cl, 16)
+  writeInt64BE(this._d, this._dl, 24)
+  writeInt64BE(this._e, this._el, 32)
+  writeInt64BE(this._f, this._fl, 40)
+
+  return H
+}
+
+module.exports = Sha384
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":37,"./sha512":44,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],44:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
+
+var K = [
+  0x428a2f98, 0xd728ae22, 0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd,
+  0xb5c0fbcf, 0xec4d3b2f, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x8189dbbc,
+  0x3956c25b, 0xf348b538, 0x59f111f1, 0xb605d019,
+  0x923f82a4, 0xaf194f9b, 0xab1c5ed5, 0xda6d8118,
+  0xd807aa98, 0xa3030242, 0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe,
+  0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c, 0x550c7dc3, 0xd5ffb4e2,
+  0x72be5d74, 0xf27b896f, 0x80deb1fe, 0x3b1696b1,
+  0x9bdc06a7, 0x25c71235, 0xc19bf174, 0xcf692694,
+  0xe49b69c1, 0x9ef14ad2, 0xefbe4786, 0x384f25e3,
+  0x0fc19dc6, 0x8b8cd5b5, 0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65,
+  0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275, 0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483,
+  0x5cb0a9dc, 0xbd41fbd4, 0x76f988da, 0x831153b5,
+  0x983e5152, 0xee66dfab, 0xa831c66d, 0x2db43210,
+  0xb00327c8, 0x98fb213f, 0xbf597fc7, 0xbeef0ee4,
+  0xc6e00bf3, 0x3da88fc2, 0xd5a79147, 0x930aa725,
+  0x06ca6351, 0xe003826f, 0x14292967, 0x0a0e6e70,
+  0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc, 0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926,
+  0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed, 0x53380d13, 0x9d95b3df,
+  0x650a7354, 0x8baf63de, 0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8,
+  0x81c2c92e, 0x47edaee6, 0x92722c85, 0x1482353b,
+  0xa2bfe8a1, 0x4cf10364, 0xa81a664b, 0xbc423001,
+  0xc24b8b70, 0xd0f89791, 0xc76c51a3, 0x0654be30,
+  0xd192e819, 0xd6ef5218, 0xd6990624, 0x5565a910,
+  0xf40e3585, 0x5771202a, 0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8,
+  0x19a4c116, 0xb8d2d0c8, 0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53,
+  0x2748774c, 0xdf8eeb99, 0x34b0bcb5, 0xe19b48a8,
+  0x391c0cb3, 0xc5c95a63, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0xe3418acb,
+  0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373, 0x682e6ff3, 0xd6b2b8a3,
+  0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc, 0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60,
+  0x84c87814, 0xa1f0ab72, 0x8cc70208, 0x1a6439ec,
+  0x90befffa, 0x23631e28, 0xa4506ceb, 0xde82bde9,
+  0xbef9a3f7, 0xb2c67915, 0xc67178f2, 0xe372532b,
+  0xca273ece, 0xea26619c, 0xd186b8c7, 0x21c0c207,
+  0xeada7dd6, 0xcde0eb1e, 0xf57d4f7f, 0xee6ed178,
+  0x06f067aa, 0x72176fba, 0x0a637dc5, 0xa2c898a6,
+  0x113f9804, 0xbef90dae, 0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b,
+  0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84, 0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493,
+  0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc, 0x431d67c4, 0x9c100d4c,
+  0x4cc5d4be, 0xcb3e42b6, 0x597f299c, 0xfc657e2a,
+  0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec, 0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817
+]
+
+var W = new Array(160)
+
+function Sha512 () {
+  this.init()
+  this._w = W
+
+  Hash.call(this, 128, 112)
+}
+
+inherits(Sha512, Hash)
+
+Sha512.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0x6a09e667 | 0
+  this._b = 0xbb67ae85 | 0
+  this._c = 0x3c6ef372 | 0
+  this._d = 0xa54ff53a | 0
+  this._e = 0x510e527f | 0
+  this._f = 0x9b05688c | 0
+  this._g = 0x1f83d9ab | 0
+  this._h = 0x5be0cd19 | 0
+
+  this._al = 0xf3bcc908 | 0
+  this._bl = 0x84caa73b | 0
+  this._cl = 0xfe94f82b | 0
+  this._dl = 0x5f1d36f1 | 0
+  this._el = 0xade682d1 | 0
+  this._fl = 0x2b3e6c1f | 0
+  this._gl = 0xfb41bd6b | 0
+  this._hl = 0x137e2179 | 0
+
+  return this
+}
+
+function S (X, Xl, n) {
+  return (X >>> n) | (Xl << (32 - n))
+}
+
+function Ch (x, y, z) {
+  return ((x & y) ^ ((~x) & z))
+}
+
+function Maj (x, y, z) {
+  return ((x & y) ^ (x & z) ^ (y & z))
+}
+
+Sha512.prototype._update = function (M) {
+  var W = this._w
+
+  var a = this._a | 0
+  var b = this._b | 0
+  var c = this._c | 0
+  var d = this._d | 0
+  var e = this._e | 0
+  var f = this._f | 0
+  var g = this._g | 0
+  var h = this._h | 0
+
+  var al = this._al | 0
+  var bl = this._bl | 0
+  var cl = this._cl | 0
+  var dl = this._dl | 0
+  var el = this._el | 0
+  var fl = this._fl | 0
+  var gl = this._gl | 0
+  var hl = this._hl | 0
+
+  var i = 0, j = 0
+  var Wi, Wil
+  function calcW () {
+    var x = W[j - 15 * 2]
+    var xl = W[j - 15 * 2 + 1]
+    var gamma0 = S(x, xl, 1) ^ S(x, xl, 8) ^ (x >>> 7)
+    var gamma0l = S(xl, x, 1) ^ S(xl, x, 8) ^ S(xl, x, 7)
+
+    x = W[j - 2 * 2]
+    xl = W[j - 2 * 2 + 1]
+    var gamma1 = S(x, xl, 19) ^ S(xl, x, 29) ^ (x >>> 6)
+    var gamma1l = S(xl, x, 19) ^ S(x, xl, 29) ^ S(xl, x, 6)
+
+    // W[i] = gamma0 + W[i - 7] + gamma1 + W[i - 16]
+    var Wi7 = W[j - 7 * 2]
+    var Wi7l = W[j - 7 * 2 + 1]
+
+    var Wi16 = W[j - 16 * 2]
+    var Wi16l = W[j - 16 * 2 + 1]
+
+    Wil = gamma0l + Wi7l
+    Wi = gamma0 + Wi7 + ((Wil >>> 0) < (gamma0l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+    Wil = Wil + gamma1l
+    Wi = Wi + gamma1 + ((Wil >>> 0) < (gamma1l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+    Wil = Wil + Wi16l
+    Wi = Wi + Wi16 + ((Wil >>> 0) < (Wi16l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+  }
+
+  function loop () {
+    W[j] = Wi
+    W[j + 1] = Wil
+
+    var maj = Maj(a, b, c)
+    var majl = Maj(al, bl, cl)
+
+    var sigma0h = S(a, al, 28) ^ S(al, a, 2) ^ S(al, a, 7)
+    var sigma0l = S(al, a, 28) ^ S(a, al, 2) ^ S(a, al, 7)
+    var sigma1h = S(e, el, 14) ^ S(e, el, 18) ^ S(el, e, 9)
+    var sigma1l = S(el, e, 14) ^ S(el, e, 18) ^ S(e, el, 9)
+
+    // t1 = h + sigma1 + ch + K[i] + W[i]
+    var Ki = K[j]
+    var Kil = K[j + 1]
+
+    var ch = Ch(e, f, g)
+    var chl = Ch(el, fl, gl)
+
+    var t1l = hl + sigma1l
+    var t1 = h + sigma1h + ((t1l >>> 0) < (hl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+    t1l = t1l + chl
+    t1 = t1 + ch + ((t1l >>> 0) < (chl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+    t1l = t1l + Kil
+    t1 = t1 + Ki + ((t1l >>> 0) < (Kil >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+    t1l = t1l + Wil
+    t1 = t1 + Wi + ((t1l >>> 0) < (Wil >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+
+    // t2 = sigma0 + maj
+    var t2l = sigma0l + majl
+    var t2 = sigma0h + maj + ((t2l >>> 0) < (sigma0l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+
+    h = g
+    hl = gl
+    g = f
+    gl = fl
+    f = e
+    fl = el
+    el = (dl + t1l) | 0
+    e = (d + t1 + ((el >>> 0) < (dl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+    d = c
+    dl = cl
+    c = b
+    cl = bl
+    b = a
+    bl = al
+    al = (t1l + t2l) | 0
+    a = (t1 + t2 + ((al >>> 0) < (t1l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+
+    i++
+    j += 2
+  }
+
+  while (i < 16) {
+    Wi = M.readInt32BE(j * 4)
+    Wil = M.readInt32BE(j * 4 + 4)
+
+    loop()
+  }
+
+  while (i < 80) {
+    calcW()
+    loop()
+  }
+
+  this._al = (this._al + al) | 0
+  this._bl = (this._bl + bl) | 0
+  this._cl = (this._cl + cl) | 0
+  this._dl = (this._dl + dl) | 0
+  this._el = (this._el + el) | 0
+  this._fl = (this._fl + fl) | 0
+  this._gl = (this._gl + gl) | 0
+  this._hl = (this._hl + hl) | 0
+
+  this._a = (this._a + a + ((this._al >>> 0) < (al >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+  this._b = (this._b + b + ((this._bl >>> 0) < (bl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+  this._c = (this._c + c + ((this._cl >>> 0) < (cl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+  this._d = (this._d + d + ((this._dl >>> 0) < (dl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+  this._e = (this._e + e + ((this._el >>> 0) < (el >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+  this._f = (this._f + f + ((this._fl >>> 0) < (fl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+  this._g = (this._g + g + ((this._gl >>> 0) < (gl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+  this._h = (this._h + h + ((this._hl >>> 0) < (hl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+}
+
+Sha512.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(64)
+
+  function writeInt64BE (h, l, offset) {
+    H.writeInt32BE(h, offset)
+    H.writeInt32BE(l, offset + 4)
+  }
+
+  writeInt64BE(this._a, this._al, 0)
+  writeInt64BE(this._b, this._bl, 8)
+  writeInt64BE(this._c, this._cl, 16)
+  writeInt64BE(this._d, this._dl, 24)
+  writeInt64BE(this._e, this._el, 32)
+  writeInt64BE(this._f, this._fl, 40)
+  writeInt64BE(this._g, this._gl, 48)
+  writeInt64BE(this._h, this._hl, 56)
+
+  return H
+}
+
+module.exports = Sha512
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":37,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],45:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict';
+var createHash = require('create-hash/browser');
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+
+var Transform = require('stream').Transform
+
+var ZEROS = new Buffer(128)
+ZEROS.fill(0)
+
+function Hmac(alg, key) {
+  Transform.call(this)
+
+  if (typeof key === 'string') {
+    key = new Buffer(key)
+  }
+
+  var blocksize = (alg === 'sha512' || alg === 'sha384') ? 128 : 64
+
+  this._alg = alg
+  this._key = key
+
+  if (key.length > blocksize) {
+    key = createHash(alg).update(key).digest()
+
+  } else if (key.length < blocksize) {
+    key = Buffer.concat([key, ZEROS], blocksize)
+  }
+
+  var ipad = this._ipad = new Buffer(blocksize)
+  var opad = this._opad = new Buffer(blocksize)
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < blocksize; i++) {
+    ipad[i] = key[i] ^ 0x36
+    opad[i] = key[i] ^ 0x5C
+  }
+
+  this._hash = createHash(alg).update(ipad)
+}
+
+inherits(Hmac, Transform)
+
+Hmac.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
+  this._hash.update(data, enc)
+
+  return this
+}
+
+Hmac.prototype._transform = function (data, _, next) {
+  this._hash.update(data)
+
+  next()
+}
+
+Hmac.prototype._flush = function (next) {
+  this.push(this.digest())
+
+  next()
+}
+
+Hmac.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
+  var h = this._hash.digest()
+
+  return createHash(this._alg).update(this._opad).update(h).digest(enc)
+}
+
+module.exports = function createHmac(alg, key) {
+  return new Hmac(alg, key)
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":7,"create-hash/browser":32,"inherits":46,"stream":26}],46:[function(require,module,exports){
+arguments[4][12][0].apply(exports,arguments)
+},{"dup":12}],47:[function(require,module,exports){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+
+var Point = require('./point')
+
+function Curve(p, a, b, Gx, Gy, n, h) {
+  this.p = p
+  this.a = a
+  this.b = b
+  this.G = Point.fromAffine(this, Gx, Gy)
+  this.n = n
+  this.h = h
+
+  this.infinity = new Point(this, null, null, BigInteger.ZERO)
+
+  // result caching
+  this.pOverFour = p.add(BigInteger.ONE).shiftRight(2)
+}
+
+Curve.prototype.pointFromX = function(isOdd, x) {
+  var alpha = x.pow(3).add(this.a.multiply(x)).add(this.b).mod(this.p)
+  var beta = alpha.modPow(this.pOverFour, this.p) // XXX: not compatible with all curves
+
+  var y = beta
+  if (beta.isEven() ^ !isOdd) {
+    y = this.p.subtract(y) // -y % p
+  }
+
+  return Point.fromAffine(this, x, y)
+}
+
+Curve.prototype.isInfinity = function(Q) {
+  if (Q === this.infinity) return true
+
+  return Q.z.signum() === 0 && Q.y.signum() !== 0
+}
+
+Curve.prototype.isOnCurve = function(Q) {
+  if (this.isInfinity(Q)) return true
+
+  var x = Q.affineX
+  var y = Q.affineY
+  var a = this.a
+  var b = this.b
+  var p = this.p
+
+  // Check that xQ and yQ are integers in the interval [0, p - 1]
+  if (x.signum() < 0 || x.compareTo(p) >= 0) return false
+  if (y.signum() < 0 || y.compareTo(p) >= 0) return false
+
+  // and check that y^2 = x^3 + ax + b (mod p)
+  var lhs = y.square().mod(p)
+  var rhs = x.pow(3).add(a.multiply(x)).add(b).mod(p)
+  return lhs.equals(rhs)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate an elliptic curve point.
+ *
+ * See SEC 1, section 3.2.2.1: Elliptic Curve Public Key Validation Primitive
+ */
+Curve.prototype.validate = function(Q) {
+  // Check Q != O
+  assert(!this.isInfinity(Q), 'Point is at infinity')
+  assert(this.isOnCurve(Q), 'Point is not on the curve')
+
+  // Check nQ = O (where Q is a scalar multiple of G)
+  var nQ = Q.multiply(this.n)
+  assert(this.isInfinity(nQ), 'Point is not a scalar multiple of G')
+
+  return true
+}
+
+module.exports = Curve
+
+},{"./point":51,"assert":5,"bigi":3}],48:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports={
+  "secp128r1": {
+    "p": "fffffffdffffffffffffffffffffffff",
+    "a": "fffffffdfffffffffffffffffffffffc",
+    "b": "e87579c11079f43dd824993c2cee5ed3",
+    "n": "fffffffe0000000075a30d1b9038a115",
+    "h": "01",
+    "Gx": "161ff7528b899b2d0c28607ca52c5b86",
+    "Gy": "cf5ac8395bafeb13c02da292dded7a83"
+  },
+  "secp160k1": {
+    "p": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffeffffac73",
+    "a": "00",
+    "b": "07",
+    "n": "0100000000000000000001b8fa16dfab9aca16b6b3",
+    "h": "01",
+    "Gx": "3b4c382ce37aa192a4019e763036f4f5dd4d7ebb",
+    "Gy": "938cf935318fdced6bc28286531733c3f03c4fee"
+  },
+  "secp160r1": {
+    "p": "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff7fffffff",
+    "a": "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff7ffffffc",
+    "b": "1c97befc54bd7a8b65acf89f81d4d4adc565fa45",
+    "n": "0100000000000000000001f4c8f927aed3ca752257",
+    "h": "01",
+    "Gx": "4a96b5688ef573284664698968c38bb913cbfc82",
+    "Gy": "23a628553168947d59dcc912042351377ac5fb32"
+  },
+  "secp192k1": {
+    "p": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffeffffee37",
+    "a": "00",
+    "b": "03",
+    "n": "fffffffffffffffffffffffe26f2fc170f69466a74defd8d",
+    "h": "01",
+    "Gx": "db4ff10ec057e9ae26b07d0280b7f4341da5d1b1eae06c7d",
+    "Gy": "9b2f2f6d9c5628a7844163d015be86344082aa88d95e2f9d"
+  },
+  "secp192r1": {
+    "p": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffeffffffffffffffff",
+    "a": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffffffffffffc",
+    "b": "64210519e59c80e70fa7e9ab72243049feb8deecc146b9b1",
+    "n": "ffffffffffffffffffffffff99def836146bc9b1b4d22831",
+    "h": "01",
+    "Gx": "188da80eb03090f67cbf20eb43a18800f4ff0afd82ff1012",
+    "Gy": "07192b95ffc8da78631011ed6b24cdd573f977a11e794811"
+  },
+  "secp256k1": {
+    "p": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2f",
+    "a": "00",
+    "b": "07",
+    "n": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffebaaedce6af48a03bbfd25e8cd0364141",
+    "h": "01",
+    "Gx": "79be667ef9dcbbac55a06295ce870b07029bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798",
+    "Gy": "483ada7726a3c4655da4fbfc0e1108a8fd17b448a68554199c47d08ffb10d4b8"
+  },
+  "secp256r1": {
+    "p": "ffffffff00000001000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff",
+    "a": "ffffffff00000001000000000000000000000000fffffffffffffffffffffffc",
+    "b": "5ac635d8aa3a93e7b3ebbd55769886bc651d06b0cc53b0f63bce3c3e27d2604b",
+    "n": "ffffffff00000000ffffffffffffffffbce6faada7179e84f3b9cac2fc632551",
+    "h": "01",
+    "Gx": "6b17d1f2e12c4247f8bce6e563a440f277037d812deb33a0f4a13945d898c296",
+    "Gy": "4fe342e2fe1a7f9b8ee7eb4a7c0f9e162bce33576b315ececbb6406837bf51f5"
+  }
+}
+
+},{}],49:[function(require,module,exports){
+var Point = require('./point')
+var Curve = require('./curve')
+
+var getCurveByName = require('./names')
+
+module.exports = {
+  Curve: Curve,
+  Point: Point,
+  getCurveByName: getCurveByName
+}
+
+},{"./curve":47,"./names":50,"./point":51}],50:[function(require,module,exports){
+var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+
+var curves = require('./curves')
+var Curve = require('./curve')
+
+function getCurveByName(name) {
+  var curve = curves[name]
+  if (!curve) return null
+
+  var p = new BigInteger(curve.p, 16)
+  var a = new BigInteger(curve.a, 16)
+  var b = new BigInteger(curve.b, 16)
+  var n = new BigInteger(curve.n, 16)
+  var h = new BigInteger(curve.h, 16)
+  var Gx = new BigInteger(curve.Gx, 16)
+  var Gy = new BigInteger(curve.Gy, 16)
+
+  return new Curve(p, a, b, Gx, Gy, n, h)
+}
+
+module.exports = getCurveByName
+
+},{"./curve":47,"./curves":48,"bigi":3}],51:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+
+var THREE = BigInteger.valueOf(3)
+
+function Point(curve, x, y, z) {
+  assert.notStrictEqual(z, undefined, 'Missing Z coordinate')
+
+  this.curve = curve
+  this.x = x
+  this.y = y
+  this.z = z
+  this._zInv = null
+
+  this.compressed = true
+}
+
+Object.defineProperty(Point.prototype, 'zInv', {
+  get: function() {
+    if (this._zInv === null) {
+      this._zInv = this.z.modInverse(this.curve.p)
+    }
+
+    return this._zInv
+  }
+})
+
+Object.defineProperty(Point.prototype, 'affineX', {
+  get: function() {
+    return this.x.multiply(this.zInv).mod(this.curve.p)
+  }
+})
+
+Object.defineProperty(Point.prototype, 'affineY', {
+  get: function() {
+    return this.y.multiply(this.zInv).mod(this.curve.p)
+  }
+})
+
+Point.fromAffine = function(curve, x, y) {
+  return new Point(curve, x, y, BigInteger.ONE)
+}
+
+Point.prototype.equals = function(other) {
+  if (other === this) return true
+  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return this.curve.isInfinity(other)
+  if (this.curve.isInfinity(other)) return this.curve.isInfinity(this)
+
+  // u = Y2 * Z1 - Y1 * Z2
+  var u = other.y.multiply(this.z).subtract(this.y.multiply(other.z)).mod(this.curve.p)
+
+  if (u.signum() !== 0) return false
+
+  // v = X2 * Z1 - X1 * Z2
+  var v = other.x.multiply(this.z).subtract(this.x.multiply(other.z)).mod(this.curve.p)
+
+  return v.signum() === 0
+}
+
+Point.prototype.negate = function() {
+  var y = this.curve.p.subtract(this.y)
+
+  return new Point(this.curve, this.x, y, this.z)
+}
+
+Point.prototype.add = function(b) {
+  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return b
+  if (this.curve.isInfinity(b)) return this
+
+  var x1 = this.x
+  var y1 = this.y
+  var x2 = b.x
+  var y2 = b.y
+
+  // u = Y2 * Z1 - Y1 * Z2
+  var u = y2.multiply(this.z).subtract(y1.multiply(b.z)).mod(this.curve.p)
+  // v = X2 * Z1 - X1 * Z2
+  var v = x2.multiply(this.z).subtract(x1.multiply(b.z)).mod(this.curve.p)
+
+  if (v.signum() === 0) {
+    if (u.signum() === 0) {
+      return this.twice() // this == b, so double
+    }
+
+    return this.curve.infinity // this = -b, so infinity
+  }
+
+  var v2 = v.square()
+  var v3 = v2.multiply(v)
+  var x1v2 = x1.multiply(v2)
+  var zu2 = u.square().multiply(this.z)
+
+  // x3 = v * (z2 * (z1 * u^2 - 2 * x1 * v^2) - v^3)
+  var x3 = zu2.subtract(x1v2.shiftLeft(1)).multiply(b.z).subtract(v3).multiply(v).mod(this.curve.p)
+  // y3 = z2 * (3 * x1 * u * v^2 - y1 * v^3 - z1 * u^3) + u * v^3
+  var y3 = x1v2.multiply(THREE).multiply(u).subtract(y1.multiply(v3)).subtract(zu2.multiply(u)).multiply(b.z).add(u.multiply(v3)).mod(this.curve.p)
+  // z3 = v^3 * z1 * z2
+  var z3 = v3.multiply(this.z).multiply(b.z).mod(this.curve.p)
+
+  return new Point(this.curve, x3, y3, z3)
+}
+
+Point.prototype.twice = function() {
+  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return this
+  if (this.y.signum() === 0) return this.curve.infinity
+
+  var x1 = this.x
+  var y1 = this.y
+
+  var y1z1 = y1.multiply(this.z)
+  var y1sqz1 = y1z1.multiply(y1).mod(this.curve.p)
+  var a = this.curve.a
+
+  // w = 3 * x1^2 + a * z1^2
+  var w = x1.square().multiply(THREE)
+
+  if (a.signum() !== 0) {
+    w = w.add(this.z.square().multiply(a))
+  }
+
+  w = w.mod(this.curve.p)
+  // x3 = 2 * y1 * z1 * (w^2 - 8 * x1 * y1^2 * z1)
+  var x3 = w.square().subtract(x1.shiftLeft(3).multiply(y1sqz1)).shiftLeft(1).multiply(y1z1).mod(this.curve.p)
+  // y3 = 4 * y1^2 * z1 * (3 * w * x1 - 2 * y1^2 * z1) - w^3
+  var y3 = w.multiply(THREE).multiply(x1).subtract(y1sqz1.shiftLeft(1)).shiftLeft(2).multiply(y1sqz1).subtract(w.pow(3)).mod(this.curve.p)
+  // z3 = 8 * (y1 * z1)^3
+  var z3 = y1z1.pow(3).shiftLeft(3).mod(this.curve.p)
+
+  return new Point(this.curve, x3, y3, z3)
+}
+
+// Simple NAF (Non-Adjacent Form) multiplication algorithm
+// TODO: modularize the multiplication algorithm
+Point.prototype.multiply = function(k) {
+  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return this
+  if (k.signum() === 0) return this.curve.infinity
+
+  var e = k
+  var h = e.multiply(THREE)
+
+  var neg = this.negate()
+  var R = this
+
+  for (var i = h.bitLength() - 2; i > 0; --i) {
+    R = R.twice()
+
+    var hBit = h.testBit(i)
+    var eBit = e.testBit(i)
+
+    if (hBit != eBit) {
+      R = R.add(hBit ? this : neg)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return R
+}
+
+// Compute this*j + x*k (simultaneous multiplication)
+Point.prototype.multiplyTwo = function(j, x, k) {
+  var i
+
+  if (j.bitLength() > k.bitLength())
+    i = j.bitLength() - 1
+  else
+    i = k.bitLength() - 1
+
+  var R = this.curve.infinity
+  var both = this.add(x)
+
+  while (i >= 0) {
+    R = R.twice()
+
+    var jBit = j.testBit(i)
+    var kBit = k.testBit(i)
+
+    if (jBit) {
+      if (kBit) {
+        R = R.add(both)
+
+      } else {
+        R = R.add(this)
+      }
+
+    } else {
+      if (kBit) {
+        R = R.add(x)
+      }
+    }
+    --i
+  }
+
+  return R
+}
+
+Point.prototype.getEncoded = function(compressed) {
+  if (compressed == undefined) compressed = this.compressed
+  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return new Buffer('00', 'hex') // Infinity point encoded is simply '00'
+
+  var x = this.affineX
+  var y = this.affineY
+
+  var buffer
+
+  // Determine size of q in bytes
+  var byteLength = Math.floor((this.curve.p.bitLength() + 7) / 8)
+
+  // 0x02/0x03 | X
+  if (compressed) {
+    buffer = new Buffer(1 + byteLength)
+    buffer.writeUInt8(y.isEven() ? 0x02 : 0x03, 0)
+
+  // 0x04 | X | Y
+  } else {
+    buffer = new Buffer(1 + byteLength + byteLength)
+    buffer.writeUInt8(0x04, 0)
+
+    y.toBuffer(byteLength).copy(buffer, 1 + byteLength)
+  }
+
+  x.toBuffer(byteLength).copy(buffer, 1)
+
+  return buffer
+}
+
+Point.decodeFrom = function(curve, buffer) {
+  var type = buffer.readUInt8(0)
+  var compressed = (type !== 4)
+
+  var byteLength = Math.floor((curve.p.bitLength() + 7) / 8)
+  var x = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(1, 1 + byteLength))
+
+  var Q
+  if (compressed) {
+    assert.equal(buffer.length, byteLength + 1, 'Invalid sequence length')
+    assert(type === 0x02 || type === 0x03, 'Invalid sequence tag')
+
+    var isOdd = (type === 0x03)
+    Q = curve.pointFromX(isOdd, x)
+
+  } else {
+    assert.equal(buffer.length, 1 + byteLength + byteLength, 'Invalid sequence length')
+
+    var y = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(1 + byteLength))
+    Q = Point.fromAffine(curve, x, y)
+  }
+
+  Q.compressed = compressed
+  return Q
+}
+
+Point.prototype.toString = function () {
+  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return '(INFINITY)'
+
+  return '(' + this.affineX.toString() + ',' + this.affineY.toString() + ')'
+}
+
+module.exports = Point
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"assert":5,"bigi":3,"buffer":7}],52:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process,global,Buffer){
+'use strict';
+
+var crypto = global.crypto || global.msCrypto
+if(crypto && crypto.getRandomValues) {
+  module.exports = randomBytes;
+} else {
+  module.exports = oldBrowser;
+}
+function randomBytes(size, cb) {
+  var bytes = new Buffer(size); //in browserify, this is an extended Uint8Array
+    /* This will not work in older browsers.
+     * See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/window.crypto.getRandomValues
+     */
+
+  crypto.getRandomValues(bytes);
+  if (typeof cb === 'function') {
+    return process.nextTick(function () {
+      cb(null, bytes);
+    });
+  }
+  return bytes;
+}
+function oldBrowser() {
+  throw new Error(
+      'secure random number generation not supported by this browser\n'+
+      'use chrome, FireFox or Internet Explorer 11'
+    )
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'),typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {},require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"_process":14,"buffer":7}],53:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict';
+
+function getFunctionName(fn) {
+  return fn.name || fn.toString().match(/function (.*?)\s*\(/)[1];
+}
+
+function getTypeTypeName(type) {
+  if (nativeTypes.Function(type)) {
+    type = type.toJSON ? type.toJSON() : getFunctionName(type);
+  }
+  if (nativeTypes.Object(type)) return JSON.stringify(type);
+
+  return type;
+}
+
+function getValueTypeName(value) {
+  if (nativeTypes.Null(value)) return '';
+
+  return getFunctionName(value.constructor);
+}
+
+function tfErrorString(type, value) {
+  var typeTypeName = getTypeTypeName(type);
+  var valueTypeName = getValueTypeName(value);
+
+  return 'Expected ' + typeTypeName + ', got ' + (valueTypeName && valueTypeName + ' ') + JSON.stringify(value);
+}
+
+function tfPropertyErrorString(type, name, value) {
+  return tfErrorString('property \"' + name + '\" of type ' + getTypeTypeName(type), value);
+}
+
+var nativeTypes = {
+  Array: (function (_Array) {
+    function Array(_x) {
+      return _Array.apply(this, arguments);
+    }
+
+    Array.toString = function () {
+      return _Array.toString();
+    };
+
+    return Array;
+  })(function (value) {
+    return value !== null && value !== undefined && value.constructor === Array;
+  }),
+  Boolean: function Boolean(value) {
+    return typeof value === 'boolean';
+  },
+  Buffer: (function (_Buffer) {
+    function Buffer(_x2) {
+      return _Buffer.apply(this, arguments);
+    }
+
+    Buffer.toString = function () {
+      return _Buffer.toString();
+    };
+
+    return Buffer;
+  })(function (value) {
+    return Buffer.isBuffer(value);
+  }),
+  Function: function Function(value) {
+    return typeof value === 'function';
+  },
+  Null: function Null(value) {
+    return value === undefined || value === null;
+  },
+  Number: function Number(value) {
+    return typeof value === 'number';
+  },
+  Object: function Object(value) {
+    return typeof value === 'object';
+  },
+  String: function String(value) {
+    return typeof value === 'string';
+  },
+  '': function _() {
+    return true;
+  }
+};
+
+function tJSON(type) {
+  return type && type.toJSON ? type.toJSON() : type;
+}
+
+function sJSON(type) {
+  var json = tJSON(type);
+  return nativeTypes.Object(json) ? JSON.stringify(json) : json;
+}
+
+var otherTypes = {
+  arrayOf: function arrayOf(type) {
+    function arrayOf(value, strict) {
+      try {
+        return nativeTypes.Array(value) && value.every(function (x) {
+          return typeforce(type, x, strict);
+        });
+      } catch (e) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    arrayOf.toJSON = function () {
+      return [tJSON(type)];
+    };
+
+    return arrayOf;
+  },
+
+  maybe: function maybe(type) {
+    function maybe(value, strict) {
+      return nativeTypes.Null(value) || typeforce(type, value, strict);
+    }
+    maybe.toJSON = function () {
+      return '?' + sJSON(type);
+    };
+
+    return maybe;
+  },
+
+  object: function object(type) {
+    function object(value, strict) {
+      typeforce(nativeTypes.Object, value, strict);
+
+      var propertyName, propertyType, propertyValue;
+
+      try {
+        for (propertyName in type) {
+          propertyType = type[propertyName];
+          propertyValue = value[propertyName];
+
+          typeforce(propertyType, propertyValue, strict);
+        }
+      } catch (e) {
+        throw new TypeError(tfPropertyErrorString(propertyType, propertyName, propertyValue));
+      }
+
+      if (strict) {
+        for (propertyName in value) {
+          if (type[propertyName]) continue;
+
+          throw new TypeError('Unexpected property "' + propertyName + '"');
+        }
+      }
+
+      return true;
+    }
+    object.toJSON = function () {
+      return type;
+    };
+
+    return object;
+  },
+
+  oneOf: function oneOf() {
+    for (var _len = arguments.length, types = Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) {
+      types[_key] = arguments[_key];
+    }
+
+    function oneOf(value, strict) {
+      return types.some(function (type) {
+        try {
+          return typeforce(type, value, strict);
+        } catch (e) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      });
+    }
+    oneOf.toJSON = function () {
+      return types.map(sJSON).join('|');
+    };
+
+    return oneOf;
+  },
+
+  quacksLike: function quacksLike(type) {
+    function quacksLike(value, strict) {
+      return type === getValueTypeName(value);
+    }
+    quacksLike.toJSON = function () {
+      return type;
+    };
+
+    return quacksLike;
+  },
+
+  tuple: function tuple() {
+    for (var _len2 = arguments.length, types = Array(_len2), _key2 = 0; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
+      types[_key2] = arguments[_key2];
+    }
+
+    function tuple(value, strict) {
+      return types.every(function (type, i) {
+        return typeforce(type, value[i], strict);
+      });
+    }
+    tuple.toJSON = function () {
+      return '(' + types.map(sJSON).join(', ') + ')';
+    };
+
+    return tuple;
+  },
+
+  value: function value(expected) {
+    function value(actual) {
+      return actual === expected;
+    }
+    value.toJSON = function () {
+      return expected;
+    };
+
+    return value;
+  }
+};
+
+function compile(type) {
+  if (nativeTypes.String(type)) {
+    if (type[0] === '?') return otherTypes.maybe(compile(type.slice(1)));
+
+    return nativeTypes[type] || otherTypes.quacksLike(type);
+  } else if (type && nativeTypes.Object(type)) {
+    if (nativeTypes.Array(type)) return otherTypes.arrayOf(compile(type[0]));
+
+    var compiled = {};
+
+    for (var propertyName in type) {
+      compiled[propertyName] = compile(type[propertyName]);
+    }
+
+    return otherTypes.object(compiled);
+  } else if (nativeTypes.Function(type)) {
+    return type;
+  }
+
+  return otherTypes.value(type);
+}
+
+function typeforce(_x3, _x4, _x5) {
+  var _again = true;
+
+  _function: while (_again) {
+    var type = _x3,
+        value = _x4,
+        strict = _x5;
+    _again = false;
+
+    if (nativeTypes.Function(type)) {
+      if (type(value, strict)) return true;
+
+      throw new TypeError(tfErrorString(type, value));
+    }
+
+    // JIT
+    _x3 = compile(type);
+    _x4 = value;
+    _x5 = strict;
+    _again = true;
+    continue _function;
+  }
+}
+
+// assign all types to typeforce function
+var typeName;
+Object.keys(nativeTypes).forEach(function (typeName) {
+  var nativeType = nativeTypes[typeName];
+  nativeType.toJSON = function () {
+    return typeName;
+  };
+
+  typeforce[typeName] = nativeType;
+});
+
+for (typeName in otherTypes) {
+  typeforce[typeName] = otherTypes[typeName];
+}
+
+module.exports = typeforce;
+module.exports.compile = compile;
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":7}],54:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var base58check = require('bs58check')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+var networks = require('./networks')
+var scripts = require('./scripts')
+
+function findScriptTypeByVersion (version) {
+  for (var networkName in networks) {
+    var network = networks[networkName]
+
+    if (version === network.pubKeyHash) return 'pubkeyhash'
+    if (version === network.scriptHash) return 'scripthash'
+  }
+}
+
+function Address (hash, version) {
+  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
+
+  assert.strictEqual(hash.length, 20, 'Invalid hash length')
+  assert.strictEqual(version & 0xff, version, 'Invalid version byte')
+
+  this.hash = hash
+  this.version = version
+}
+
+Address.fromBase58Check = function (string) {
+  var payload = base58check.decode(string)
+  var version = payload.readUInt8(0)
+  var hash = payload.slice(1)
+
+  return new Address(hash, version)
+}
+
+Address.fromOutputScript = function (script, network) {
+  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+
+  if (scripts.isPubKeyHashOutput(script)) return new Address(script.chunks[2], network.pubKeyHash)
+  if (scripts.isScriptHashOutput(script)) return new Address(script.chunks[1], network.scriptHash)
+
+  assert(false, script.toASM() + ' has no matching Address')
+}
+
+Address.prototype.toBase58Check = function () {
+  var payload = new Buffer(21)
+  payload.writeUInt8(this.version, 0)
+  this.hash.copy(payload, 1)
+
+  return base58check.encode(payload)
+}
+
+Address.prototype.toOutputScript = function () {
+  var scriptType = findScriptTypeByVersion(this.version)
+
+  if (scriptType === 'pubkeyhash') return scripts.pubKeyHashOutput(this.hash)
+  if (scriptType === 'scripthash') return scripts.scriptHashOutput(this.hash)
+
+  assert(false, this.toString() + ' has no matching Script')
+}
+
+Address.prototype.toString = Address.prototype.toBase58Check
+
+module.exports = Address
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./networks":66,"./scripts":69,"assert":5,"bs58check":31,"buffer":7,"typeforce":53}],55:[function(require,module,exports){
+var bs58check = require('bs58check')
+
+function decode () {
+  console.warn('bs58check will be removed in 2.0.0. require("bs58check") instead.')
+
+  return bs58check.decode.apply(undefined, arguments)
+}
+
+function encode () {
+  console.warn('bs58check will be removed in 2.0.0. require("bs58check") instead.')
+
+  return bs58check.encode.apply(undefined, arguments)
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  decode: decode,
+  encode: encode
+}
+
+},{"bs58check":31}],56:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
+var crypto = require('./crypto')
+
+var Transaction = require('./transaction')
+
+function Block () {
+  this.version = 1
+  this.prevHash = null
+  this.merkleRoot = null
+  this.timestamp = 0
+  this.bits = 0
+  this.nonce = 0
+}
+
+Block.fromBuffer = function (buffer) {
+  assert(buffer.length >= 80, 'Buffer too small (< 80 bytes)')
+
+  var offset = 0
+  function readSlice (n) {
+    offset += n
+    return buffer.slice(offset - n, offset)
+  }
+
+  function readUInt32 () {
+    var i = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset)
+    offset += 4
+    return i
+  }
+
+  var block = new Block()
+  block.version = readUInt32()
+  block.prevHash = readSlice(32)
+  block.merkleRoot = readSlice(32)
+  block.timestamp = readUInt32()
+  block.bits = readUInt32()
+  block.nonce = readUInt32()
+
+  if (buffer.length === 80) return block
+
+  function readVarInt () {
+    var vi = bufferutils.readVarInt(buffer, offset)
+    offset += vi.size
+    return vi.number
+  }
+
+  // FIXME: poor performance
+  function readTransaction () {
+    var tx = Transaction.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(offset), true)
+
+    offset += tx.toBuffer().length
+    return tx
+  }
+
+  var nTransactions = readVarInt()
+  block.transactions = []
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < nTransactions; ++i) {
+    var tx = readTransaction()
+    block.transactions.push(tx)
+  }
+
+  return block
+}
+
+Block.fromHex = function (hex) {
+  return Block.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'))
+}
+
+Block.prototype.getHash = function () {
+  return crypto.hash256(this.toBuffer(true))
+}
+
+Block.prototype.getId = function () {
+  return bufferutils.reverse(this.getHash()).toString('hex')
+}
+
+Block.prototype.getUTCDate = function () {
+  var date = new Date(0) // epoch
+  date.setUTCSeconds(this.timestamp)
+
+  return date
+}
+
+Block.prototype.toBuffer = function (headersOnly) {
+  var buffer = new Buffer(80)
+
+  var offset = 0
+  function writeSlice (slice) {
+    slice.copy(buffer, offset)
+    offset += slice.length
+  }
+
+  function writeUInt32 (i) {
+    buffer.writeUInt32LE(i, offset)
+    offset += 4
+  }
+
+  writeUInt32(this.version)
+  writeSlice(this.prevHash)
+  writeSlice(this.merkleRoot)
+  writeUInt32(this.timestamp)
+  writeUInt32(this.bits)
+  writeUInt32(this.nonce)
+
+  if (headersOnly || !this.transactions) return buffer
+
+  var txLenBuffer = bufferutils.varIntBuffer(this.transactions.length)
+  var txBuffers = this.transactions.map(function (tx) {
+    return tx.toBuffer()
+  })
+
+  return Buffer.concat([buffer, txLenBuffer].concat(txBuffers))
+}
+
+Block.prototype.toHex = function (headersOnly) {
+  return this.toBuffer(headersOnly).toString('hex')
+}
+
+module.exports = Block
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./transaction":70,"assert":5,"buffer":7}],57:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var opcodes = require('./opcodes')
+
+// https://github.com/feross/buffer/blob/master/index.js#L1127
+function verifuint (value, max) {
+  assert(typeof value === 'number', 'cannot write a non-number as a number')
+  assert(value >= 0, 'specified a negative value for writing an unsigned value')
+  assert(value <= max, 'value is larger than maximum value for type')
+  assert(Math.floor(value) === value, 'value has a fractional component')
+}
+
+function pushDataSize (i) {
+  return i < opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA1 ? 1
+  : i < 0xff ? 2
+  : i < 0xffff ? 3
+  : 5
+}
+
+function readPushDataInt (buffer, offset) {
+  var opcode = buffer.readUInt8(offset)
+  var number, size
+
+  // ~6 bit
+  if (opcode < opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA1) {
+    number = opcode
+    size = 1
+
+  // 8 bit
+  } else if (opcode === opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA1) {
+    if (offset + 2 > buffer.length) return null
+    number = buffer.readUInt8(offset + 1)
+    size = 2
+
+  // 16 bit
+  } else if (opcode === opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA2) {
+    if (offset + 3 > buffer.length) return null
+    number = buffer.readUInt16LE(offset + 1)
+    size = 3
+
+  // 32 bit
+  } else {
+    if (offset + 5 > buffer.length) return null
+    assert.equal(opcode, opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA4, 'Unexpected opcode')
+
+    number = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset + 1)
+    size = 5
+  }
+
+  return {
+    opcode: opcode,
+    number: number,
+    size: size
+  }
+}
+
+function readUInt64LE (buffer, offset) {
+  var a = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset)
+  var b = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset + 4)
+  b *= 0x100000000
+
+  verifuint(b + a, 0x001fffffffffffff)
+
+  return b + a
+}
+
+function readVarInt (buffer, offset) {
+  var t = buffer.readUInt8(offset)
+  var number, size
+
+  // 8 bit
+  if (t < 253) {
+    number = t
+    size = 1
+
+  // 16 bit
+  } else if (t < 254) {
+    number = buffer.readUInt16LE(offset + 1)
+    size = 3
+
+  // 32 bit
+  } else if (t < 255) {
+    number = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset + 1)
+    size = 5
+
+  // 64 bit
+  } else {
+    number = readUInt64LE(buffer, offset + 1)
+    size = 9
+  }
+
+  return {
+    number: number,
+    size: size
+  }
+}
+
+function writePushDataInt (buffer, number, offset) {
+  var size = pushDataSize(number)
+
+  // ~6 bit
+  if (size === 1) {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(number, offset)
+
+  // 8 bit
+  } else if (size === 2) {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA1, offset)
+    buffer.writeUInt8(number, offset + 1)
+
+  // 16 bit
+  } else if (size === 3) {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA2, offset)
+    buffer.writeUInt16LE(number, offset + 1)
+
+  // 32 bit
+  } else {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA4, offset)
+    buffer.writeUInt32LE(number, offset + 1)
+  }
+
+  return size
+}
+
+function writeUInt64LE (buffer, value, offset) {
+  verifuint(value, 0x001fffffffffffff)
+
+  buffer.writeInt32LE(value & -1, offset)
+  buffer.writeUInt32LE(Math.floor(value / 0x100000000), offset + 4)
+}
+
+function varIntSize (i) {
+  return i < 253 ? 1
+  : i < 0x10000 ? 3
+  : i < 0x100000000 ? 5
+  : 9
+}
+
+function writeVarInt (buffer, number, offset) {
+  var size = varIntSize(number)
+
+  // 8 bit
+  if (size === 1) {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(number, offset)
+
+  // 16 bit
+  } else if (size === 3) {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(253, offset)
+    buffer.writeUInt16LE(number, offset + 1)
+
+  // 32 bit
+  } else if (size === 5) {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(254, offset)
+    buffer.writeUInt32LE(number, offset + 1)
+
+  // 64 bit
+  } else {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(255, offset)
+    writeUInt64LE(buffer, number, offset + 1)
+  }
+
+  return size
+}
+
+function varIntBuffer (i) {
+  var size = varIntSize(i)
+  var buffer = new Buffer(size)
+  writeVarInt(buffer, i, 0)
+
+  return buffer
+}
+
+function reverse (buffer) {
+  var buffer2 = new Buffer(buffer)
+  Array.prototype.reverse.call(buffer2)
+  return buffer2
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  pushDataSize: pushDataSize,
+  readPushDataInt: readPushDataInt,
+  readUInt64LE: readUInt64LE,
+  readVarInt: readVarInt,
+  reverse: reverse,
+  varIntBuffer: varIntBuffer,
+  varIntSize: varIntSize,
+  writePushDataInt: writePushDataInt,
+  writeUInt64LE: writeUInt64LE,
+  writeVarInt: writeVarInt
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./opcodes":67,"assert":5,"buffer":7}],58:[function(require,module,exports){
+var createHash = require('create-hash')
+
+function hash160 (buffer) {
+  return ripemd160(sha256(buffer))
+}
+
+function hash256 (buffer) {
+  return sha256(sha256(buffer))
+}
+
+function ripemd160 (buffer) {
+  return createHash('rmd160').update(buffer).digest()
+}
+
+function sha1 (buffer) {
+  return createHash('sha1').update(buffer).digest()
+}
+
+function sha256 (buffer) {
+  return createHash('sha256').update(buffer).digest()
+}
+
+// FIXME: Name not consistent with others
+var createHmac = require('create-hmac')
+
+function HmacSHA256 (buffer, secret) {
+  console.warn('Hmac* functions are deprecated for removal in 2.0.0, use node crypto instead')
+  return createHmac('sha256', secret).update(buffer).digest()
+}
+
+function HmacSHA512 (buffer, secret) {
+  console.warn('Hmac* functions are deprecated for removal in 2.0.0, use node crypto instead')
+  return createHmac('sha512', secret).update(buffer).digest()
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  ripemd160: ripemd160,
+  sha1: sha1,
+  sha256: sha256,
+  hash160: hash160,
+  hash256: hash256,
+  HmacSHA256: HmacSHA256,
+  HmacSHA512: HmacSHA512
+}
+
+},{"create-hash":32,"create-hmac":45}],59:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var createHmac = require('create-hmac')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+
+var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
+
+var ZERO = new Buffer([0])
+var ONE = new Buffer([1])
+
+// https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6979#section-3.2
+function deterministicGenerateK (curve, hash, d, checkSig) {
+  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
+  typeForce('BigInteger', d)
+
+  // FIXME: remove/uncomment for 2.0.0
+  //  typeForce('Function', checkSig)
+
+  if (typeof checkSig !== 'function') {
+    console.warn('deterministicGenerateK requires a checkSig callback in 2.0.0, see #337 for more information')
+
+    checkSig = function (k) {
+      var G = curve.G
+      var n = curve.n
+      var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
+
+      var Q = G.multiply(k)
+
+      if (curve.isInfinity(Q))
+        return false
+
+      var r = Q.affineX.mod(n)
+      if (r.signum() === 0)
+        return false
+
+      var s = k.modInverse(n).multiply(e.add(d.multiply(r))).mod(n)
+      if (s.signum() === 0)
+        return false
+
+      return true
+    }
+  }
+
+  // sanity check
+  assert.equal(hash.length, 32, 'Hash must be 256 bit')
+
+  var x = d.toBuffer(32)
+  var k = new Buffer(32)
+  var v = new Buffer(32)
+
+  // Step A, ignored as hash already provided
+  // Step B
+  v.fill(1)
+
+  // Step C
+  k.fill(0)
+
+  // Step D
+  k = createHmac('sha256', k)
+    .update(v)
+    .update(ZERO)
+    .update(x)
+    .update(hash)
+    .digest()
+
+  // Step E
+  v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+
+  // Step F
+  k = createHmac('sha256', k)
+    .update(v)
+    .update(ONE)
+    .update(x)
+    .update(hash)
+    .digest()
+
+  // Step G
+  v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+
+  // Step H1/H2a, ignored as tlen === qlen (256 bit)
+  // Step H2b
+  v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+
+  var T = BigInteger.fromBuffer(v)
+
+  // Step H3, repeat until T is within the interval [1, n - 1] and is suitable for ECDSA
+  while ((T.signum() <= 0) || (T.compareTo(curve.n) >= 0) || !checkSig(T)) {
+    k = createHmac('sha256', k)
+      .update(v)
+      .update(ZERO)
+      .digest()
+
+    v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+
+    // Step H1/H2a, again, ignored as tlen === qlen (256 bit)
+    // Step H2b again
+    v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+    T = BigInteger.fromBuffer(v)
+  }
+
+  return T
+}
+
+function sign (curve, hash, d) {
+  var r, s
+
+  var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
+  var n = curve.n
+  var G = curve.G
+
+  deterministicGenerateK(curve, hash, d, function (k) {
+    var Q = G.multiply(k)
+
+    if (curve.isInfinity(Q))
+      return false
+
+    r = Q.affineX.mod(n)
+    if (r.signum() === 0)
+      return false
+
+    s = k.modInverse(n).multiply(e.add(d.multiply(r))).mod(n)
+    if (s.signum() === 0)
+      return false
+
+    return true
+  })
+
+  var N_OVER_TWO = n.shiftRight(1)
+
+  // enforce low S values, see bip62: 'low s values in signatures'
+  if (s.compareTo(N_OVER_TWO) > 0) {
+    s = n.subtract(s)
+  }
+
+  return new ECSignature(r, s)
+}
+
+function verifyRaw (curve, e, signature, Q) {
+  var n = curve.n
+  var G = curve.G
+
+  var r = signature.r
+  var s = signature.s
+
+  // 1.4.1 Enforce r and s are both integers in the interval [1, n − 1]
+  if (r.signum() <= 0 || r.compareTo(n) >= 0) return false
+  if (s.signum() <= 0 || s.compareTo(n) >= 0) return false
+
+  // c = s^-1 mod n
+  var c = s.modInverse(n)
+
+  // 1.4.4 Compute u1 = es^−1 mod n
+  //               u2 = rs^−1 mod n
+  var u1 = e.multiply(c).mod(n)
+  var u2 = r.multiply(c).mod(n)
+
+  // 1.4.5 Compute R = (xR, yR) = u1G + u2Q
+  var R = G.multiplyTwo(u1, Q, u2)
+  var v = R.affineX.mod(n)
+
+  // 1.4.5 (cont.) Enforce R is not at infinity
+  if (curve.isInfinity(R)) return false
+
+  // 1.4.8 If v = r, output "valid", and if v != r, output "invalid"
+  return v.equals(r)
+}
+
+function verify (curve, hash, signature, Q) {
+  // 1.4.2 H = Hash(M), already done by the user
+  // 1.4.3 e = H
+  var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
+
+  return verifyRaw(curve, e, signature, Q)
+}
+
+/**
+  * Recover a public key from a signature.
+  *
+  * See SEC 1: Elliptic Curve Cryptography, section 4.1.6, "Public
+  * Key Recovery Operation".
+  *
+  * http://www.secg.org/download/aid-780/sec1-v2.pdf
+  */
+function recoverPubKey (curve, e, signature, i) {
+  assert.strictEqual(i & 3, i, 'Recovery param is more than two bits')
+
+  var n = curve.n
+  var G = curve.G
+
+  var r = signature.r
+  var s = signature.s
+
+  assert(r.signum() > 0 && r.compareTo(n) < 0, 'Invalid r value')
+  assert(s.signum() > 0 && s.compareTo(n) < 0, 'Invalid s value')
+
+  // A set LSB signifies that the y-coordinate is odd
+  var isYOdd = i & 1
+
+  // The more significant bit specifies whether we should use the
+  // first or second candidate key.
+  var isSecondKey = i >> 1
+
+  // 1.1 Let x = r + jn
+  var x = isSecondKey ? r.add(n) : r
+  var R = curve.pointFromX(isYOdd, x)
+
+  // 1.4 Check that nR is at infinity
+  var nR = R.multiply(n)
+  assert(curve.isInfinity(nR), 'nR is not a valid curve point')
+
+  // Compute -e from e
+  var eNeg = e.negate().mod(n)
+
+  // 1.6.1 Compute Q = r^-1 (sR -  eG)
+  //               Q = r^-1 (sR + -eG)
+  var rInv = r.modInverse(n)
+
+  var Q = R.multiplyTwo(s, G, eNeg).multiply(rInv)
+  curve.validate(Q)
+
+  return Q
+}
+
+/**
+  * Calculate pubkey extraction parameter.
+  *
+  * When extracting a pubkey from a signature, we have to
+  * distinguish four different cases. Rather than putting this
+  * burden on the verifier, Bitcoin includes a 2-bit value with the
+  * signature.
+  *
+  * This function simply tries all four cases and returns the value
+  * that resulted in a successful pubkey recovery.
+  */
+function calcPubKeyRecoveryParam (curve, e, signature, Q) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+    var Qprime = recoverPubKey(curve, e, signature, i)
+
+    // 1.6.2 Verify Q
+    if (Qprime.equals(Q)) {
+      return i
+    }
+  }
+
+  throw new Error('Unable to find valid recovery factor')
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  calcPubKeyRecoveryParam: calcPubKeyRecoveryParam,
+  deterministicGenerateK: deterministicGenerateK,
+  recoverPubKey: recoverPubKey,
+  sign: sign,
+  verify: verify,
+  verifyRaw: verifyRaw
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./ecsignature":62,"assert":5,"bigi":3,"buffer":7,"create-hmac":45,"typeforce":53}],60:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var base58check = require('bs58check')
+var ecdsa = require('./ecdsa')
+var networks = require('./networks')
+var randomBytes = require('randombytes')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+
+var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+var ECPubKey = require('./ecpubkey')
+
+var ecurve = require('ecurve')
+var secp256k1 = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+
+function ECKey (d, compressed) {
+  assert(d.signum() > 0, 'Private key must be greater than 0')
+  assert(d.compareTo(ECKey.curve.n) < 0, 'Private key must be less than the curve order')
+
+  var Q = ECKey.curve.G.multiply(d)
+
+  this.d = d
+  this.pub = new ECPubKey(Q, compressed)
+}
+
+// Constants
+ECKey.curve = secp256k1
+
+// Static constructors
+ECKey.fromWIF = function (string) {
+  var payload = base58check.decode(string)
+  var compressed = false
+
+  // Ignore the version byte
+  payload = payload.slice(1)
+
+  if (payload.length === 33) {
+    assert.strictEqual(payload[32], 0x01, 'Invalid compression flag')
+
+    // Truncate the compression flag
+    payload = payload.slice(0, -1)
+    compressed = true
+  }
+
+  assert.equal(payload.length, 32, 'Invalid WIF payload length')
+
+  var d = BigInteger.fromBuffer(payload)
+  return new ECKey(d, compressed)
+}
+
+ECKey.makeRandom = function (compressed, rng) {
+  rng = rng || randomBytes
+
+  var buffer = rng(32)
+  typeForce('Buffer', buffer)
+  assert.equal(buffer.length, 32, 'Expected 256-bit Buffer from RNG')
+
+  var d = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer)
+  d = d.mod(ECKey.curve.n)
+
+  return new ECKey(d, compressed)
+}
+
+// Export functions
+ECKey.prototype.toWIF = function (network) {
+  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+
+  var bufferLen = this.pub.compressed ? 34 : 33
+  var buffer = new Buffer(bufferLen)
+
+  buffer.writeUInt8(network.wif, 0)
+  this.d.toBuffer(32).copy(buffer, 1)
+
+  if (this.pub.compressed) {
+    buffer.writeUInt8(0x01, 33)
+  }
+
+  return base58check.encode(buffer)
+}
+
+// Operations
+ECKey.prototype.sign = function (hash) {
+  return ecdsa.sign(ECKey.curve, hash, this.d)
+}
+
+module.exports = ECKey
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./ecdsa":59,"./ecpubkey":61,"./networks":66,"assert":5,"bigi":3,"bs58check":31,"buffer":7,"ecurve":49,"randombytes":52,"typeforce":53}],61:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var crypto = require('./crypto')
+var ecdsa = require('./ecdsa')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+var networks = require('./networks')
+
+var Address = require('./address')
+
+var ecurve = require('ecurve')
+var secp256k1 = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+
+function ECPubKey (Q, compressed) {
+  if (compressed === undefined) {
+    compressed = true
+  }
+
+  typeForce('Point', Q)
+  typeForce('Boolean', compressed)
+
+  this.compressed = compressed
+  this.Q = Q
+}
+
+// Constants
+ECPubKey.curve = secp256k1
+
+// Static constructors
+ECPubKey.fromBuffer = function (buffer) {
+  var Q = ecurve.Point.decodeFrom(ECPubKey.curve, buffer)
+  return new ECPubKey(Q, Q.compressed)
+}
+
+ECPubKey.fromHex = function (hex) {
+  return ECPubKey.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'))
+}
+
+// Operations
+ECPubKey.prototype.getAddress = function (network) {
+  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+
+  return new Address(crypto.hash160(this.toBuffer()), network.pubKeyHash)
+}
+
+ECPubKey.prototype.verify = function (hash, signature) {
+  return ecdsa.verify(ECPubKey.curve, hash, signature, this.Q)
+}
+
+// Export functions
+ECPubKey.prototype.toBuffer = function () {
+  return this.Q.getEncoded(this.compressed)
+}
+
+ECPubKey.prototype.toHex = function () {
+  return this.toBuffer().toString('hex')
+}
+
+module.exports = ECPubKey
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./address":54,"./crypto":58,"./ecdsa":59,"./networks":66,"buffer":7,"ecurve":49,"typeforce":53}],62:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+
+var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+
+function ECSignature (r, s) {
+  typeForce('BigInteger', r)
+  typeForce('BigInteger', s)
+
+  this.r = r
+  this.s = s
+}
+
+ECSignature.parseCompact = function (buffer) {
+  assert.equal(buffer.length, 65, 'Invalid signature length')
+  var i = buffer.readUInt8(0) - 27
+
+  // At most 3 bits
+  assert.equal(i, i & 7, 'Invalid signature parameter')
+  var compressed = !!(i & 4)
+
+  // Recovery param only
+  i = i & 3
+
+  var r = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(1, 33))
+  var s = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(33))
+
+  return {
+    compressed: compressed,
+    i: i,
+    signature: new ECSignature(r, s)
+  }
+}
+
+ECSignature.fromDER = function (buffer) {
+  assert.equal(buffer.readUInt8(0), 0x30, 'Not a DER sequence')
+  assert.equal(buffer.readUInt8(1), buffer.length - 2, 'Invalid sequence length')
+  assert.equal(buffer.readUInt8(2), 0x02, 'Expected a DER integer')
+
+  var rLen = buffer.readUInt8(3)
+  assert(rLen > 0, 'R length is zero')
+
+  var offset = 4 + rLen
+  assert.equal(buffer.readUInt8(offset), 0x02, 'Expected a DER integer (2)')
+
+  var sLen = buffer.readUInt8(offset + 1)
+  assert(sLen > 0, 'S length is zero')
+
+  var rB = buffer.slice(4, offset)
+  var sB = buffer.slice(offset + 2)
+  offset += 2 + sLen
+
+  if (rLen > 1 && rB.readUInt8(0) === 0x00) {
+    assert(rB.readUInt8(1) & 0x80, 'R value excessively padded')
+  }
+
+  if (sLen > 1 && sB.readUInt8(0) === 0x00) {
+    assert(sB.readUInt8(1) & 0x80, 'S value excessively padded')
+  }
+
+  assert.equal(offset, buffer.length, 'Invalid DER encoding')
+  var r = BigInteger.fromDERInteger(rB)
+  var s = BigInteger.fromDERInteger(sB)
+
+  assert(r.signum() >= 0, 'R value is negative')
+  assert(s.signum() >= 0, 'S value is negative')
+
+  return new ECSignature(r, s)
+}
+
+// BIP62: 1 byte hashType flag (only 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x81, 0x82 and 0x83 are allowed)
+ECSignature.parseScriptSignature = function (buffer) {
+  var hashType = buffer.readUInt8(buffer.length - 1)
+  var hashTypeMod = hashType & ~0x80
+
+  assert(hashTypeMod > 0x00 && hashTypeMod < 0x04, 'Invalid hashType ' + hashType)
+
+  return {
+    signature: ECSignature.fromDER(buffer.slice(0, -1)),
+    hashType: hashType
+  }
+}
+
+ECSignature.prototype.toCompact = function (i, compressed) {
+  if (compressed) {
+    i += 4
+  }
+
+  i += 27
+
+  var buffer = new Buffer(65)
+  buffer.writeUInt8(i, 0)
+
+  this.r.toBuffer(32).copy(buffer, 1)
+  this.s.toBuffer(32).copy(buffer, 33)
+
+  return buffer
+}
+
+ECSignature.prototype.toDER = function () {
+  var rBa = this.r.toDERInteger()
+  var sBa = this.s.toDERInteger()
+
+  var sequence = []
+
+  // INTEGER
+  sequence.push(0x02, rBa.length)
+  sequence = sequence.concat(rBa)
+
+  // INTEGER
+  sequence.push(0x02, sBa.length)
+  sequence = sequence.concat(sBa)
+
+  // SEQUENCE
+  sequence.unshift(0x30, sequence.length)
+
+  return new Buffer(sequence)
+}
+
+ECSignature.prototype.toScriptSignature = function (hashType) {
+  var hashTypeMod = hashType & ~0x80
+  assert(hashTypeMod > 0x00 && hashTypeMod < 0x04, 'Invalid hashType ' + hashType)
+
+  var hashTypeBuffer = new Buffer(1)
+  hashTypeBuffer.writeUInt8(hashType, 0)
+
+  return Buffer.concat([this.toDER(), hashTypeBuffer])
+}
+
+module.exports = ECSignature
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"assert":5,"bigi":3,"buffer":7,"typeforce":53}],63:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var base58check = require('bs58check')
+var bcrypto = require('./crypto')
+var createHmac = require('create-hmac')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+var networks = require('./networks')
+
+var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+var ECKey = require('./eckey')
+var ECPubKey = require('./ecpubkey')
+
+var ecurve = require('ecurve')
+var curve = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+
+function findBIP32NetworkByVersion (version) {
+  for (var name in networks) {
+    var network = networks[name]
+
+    if (version === network.bip32.private || version === network.bip32.public) {
+      return network
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(false, 'Could not find network for ' + version.toString(16))
+}
+
+function HDNode (K, chainCode, network) {
+  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+
+  typeForce('Buffer', chainCode)
+
+  assert.equal(chainCode.length, 32, 'Expected chainCode length of 32, got ' + chainCode.length)
+  assert(network.bip32, 'Unknown BIP32 constants for network')
+
+  this.chainCode = chainCode
+  this.depth = 0
+  this.index = 0
+  this.parentFingerprint = 0x00000000
+  this.network = network
+
+  if (K instanceof BigInteger) {
+    this.privKey = new ECKey(K, true)
+    this.pubKey = this.privKey.pub
+  } else if (K instanceof ECKey) {
+    assert(K.pub.compressed, 'ECKey must be compressed')
+    this.privKey = K
+    this.pubKey = K.pub
+  } else if (K instanceof ECPubKey) {
+    assert(K.compressed, 'ECPubKey must be compressed')
+    this.pubKey = K
+  } else {
+    this.pubKey = new ECPubKey(K, true)
+  }
+}
+
+HDNode.MASTER_SECRET = new Buffer('Bitcoin seed')
+HDNode.HIGHEST_BIT = 0x80000000
+HDNode.LENGTH = 78
+
+HDNode.fromSeedBuffer = function (seed, network) {
+  typeForce('Buffer', seed)
+
+  assert(seed.length >= 16, 'Seed should be at least 128 bits')
+  assert(seed.length <= 64, 'Seed should be at most 512 bits')
+
+  var I = createHmac('sha512', HDNode.MASTER_SECRET).update(seed).digest()
+  var IL = I.slice(0, 32)
+  var IR = I.slice(32)
+
+  // In case IL is 0 or >= n, the master key is invalid
+  // This is handled by `new ECKey` in the HDNode constructor
+  var pIL = BigInteger.fromBuffer(IL)
+
+  return new HDNode(pIL, IR, network)
+}
+
+HDNode.fromSeedHex = function (hex, network) {
+  return HDNode.fromSeedBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'), network)
+}
+
+HDNode.fromBase58 = function (string, network) {
+  return HDNode.fromBuffer(base58check.decode(string), network, true)
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+HDNode.fromBuffer = function (buffer, network, __ignoreDeprecation) {
+  if (!__ignoreDeprecation) {
+    console.warn('HDNode.fromBuffer() is deprecated for removal in 2.x.y, use fromBase58 instead')
+  }
+
+  assert.strictEqual(buffer.length, HDNode.LENGTH, 'Invalid buffer length')
+
+  // 4 byte: version bytes
+  var version = buffer.readUInt32BE(0)
+
+  if (network) {
+    assert(version === network.bip32.private || version === network.bip32.public, "Network doesn't match")
+
+  // auto-detect
+  } else {
+    network = findBIP32NetworkByVersion(version)
+  }
+
+  // 1 byte: depth: 0x00 for master nodes, 0x01 for level-1 descendants, ...
+  var depth = buffer.readUInt8(4)
+
+  // 4 bytes: the fingerprint of the parent's key (0x00000000 if master key)
+  var parentFingerprint = buffer.readUInt32BE(5)
+  if (depth === 0) {
+    assert.strictEqual(parentFingerprint, 0x00000000, 'Invalid parent fingerprint')
+  }
+
+  // 4 bytes: child number. This is the number i in xi = xpar/i, with xi the key being serialized.
+  // This is encoded in MSB order. (0x00000000 if master key)
+  var index = buffer.readUInt32BE(9)
+  assert(depth > 0 || index === 0, 'Invalid index')
+
+  // 32 bytes: the chain code
+  var chainCode = buffer.slice(13, 45)
+  var data, hd
+
+  // 33 bytes: private key data (0x00 + k)
+  if (version === network.bip32.private) {
+    assert.strictEqual(buffer.readUInt8(45), 0x00, 'Invalid private key')
+    data = buffer.slice(46, 78)
+    var d = BigInteger.fromBuffer(data)
+    hd = new HDNode(d, chainCode, network)
+
+  // 33 bytes: public key data (0x02 + X or 0x03 + X)
+  } else {
+    data = buffer.slice(45, 78)
+    var Q = ecurve.Point.decodeFrom(curve, data)
+    assert.equal(Q.compressed, true, 'Invalid public key')
+
+    // Verify that the X coordinate in the public point corresponds to a point on the curve.
+    // If not, the extended public key is invalid.
+    curve.validate(Q)
+
+    hd = new HDNode(Q, chainCode, network)
+  }
+
+  hd.depth = depth
+  hd.index = index
+  hd.parentFingerprint = parentFingerprint
+
+  return hd
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+HDNode.fromHex = function (hex, network) {
+  return HDNode.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'), network)
+}
+
+HDNode.prototype.getIdentifier = function () {
+  return bcrypto.hash160(this.pubKey.toBuffer())
+}
+
+HDNode.prototype.getFingerprint = function () {
+  return this.getIdentifier().slice(0, 4)
+}
+
+HDNode.prototype.getAddress = function () {
+  return this.pubKey.getAddress(this.network)
+}
+
+HDNode.prototype.neutered = function () {
+  var neutered = new HDNode(this.pubKey.Q, this.chainCode, this.network)
+  neutered.depth = this.depth
+  neutered.index = this.index
+  neutered.parentFingerprint = this.parentFingerprint
+
+  return neutered
+}
+
+HDNode.prototype.toBase58 = function (isPrivate) {
+  return base58check.encode(this.toBuffer(isPrivate, true))
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+HDNode.prototype.toBuffer = function (isPrivate, __ignoreDeprecation) {
+  if (isPrivate === undefined) {
+    isPrivate = !!this.privKey
+
+  // FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+  } else {
+    console.warn('isPrivate flag is deprecated, please use the .neutered() method instead')
+  }
+
+  if (!__ignoreDeprecation) {
+    console.warn('HDNode.toBuffer() is deprecated for removal in 2.x.y, use toBase58 instead')
+  }
+
+  // Version
+  var version = isPrivate ? this.network.bip32.private : this.network.bip32.public
+  var buffer = new Buffer(HDNode.LENGTH)
+
+  // 4 bytes: version bytes
+  buffer.writeUInt32BE(version, 0)
+
+  // Depth
+  // 1 byte: depth: 0x00 for master nodes, 0x01 for level-1 descendants, ....
+  buffer.writeUInt8(this.depth, 4)
+
+  // 4 bytes: the fingerprint of the parent's key (0x00000000 if master key)
+  buffer.writeUInt32BE(this.parentFingerprint, 5)
+
+  // 4 bytes: child number. This is the number i in xi = xpar/i, with xi the key being serialized.
+  // This is encoded in Big endian. (0x00000000 if master key)
+  buffer.writeUInt32BE(this.index, 9)
+
+  // 32 bytes: the chain code
+  this.chainCode.copy(buffer, 13)
+
+  // 33 bytes: the public key or private key data
+  if (isPrivate) {
+    // FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+    assert(this.privKey, 'Missing private key')
+
+    // 0x00 + k for private keys
+    buffer.writeUInt8(0, 45)
+    this.privKey.d.toBuffer(32).copy(buffer, 46)
+  } else {
+    // X9.62 encoding for public keys
+    this.pubKey.toBuffer().copy(buffer, 45)
+  }
+
+  return buffer
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+HDNode.prototype.toHex = function (isPrivate) {
+  return this.toBuffer(isPrivate).toString('hex')
+}
+
+// https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0032.mediawiki#child-key-derivation-ckd-functions
+HDNode.prototype.derive = function (index) {
+  var isHardened = index >= HDNode.HIGHEST_BIT
+  var indexBuffer = new Buffer(4)
+  indexBuffer.writeUInt32BE(index, 0)
+
+  var data
+
+  // Hardened child
+  if (isHardened) {
+    assert(this.privKey, 'Could not derive hardened child key')
+
+    // data = 0x00 || ser256(kpar) || ser32(index)
+    data = Buffer.concat([
+      this.privKey.d.toBuffer(33),
+      indexBuffer
+    ])
+
+  // Normal child
+  } else {
+    // data = serP(point(kpar)) || ser32(index)
+    //      = serP(Kpar) || ser32(index)
+    data = Buffer.concat([
+      this.pubKey.toBuffer(),
+      indexBuffer
+    ])
+  }
+
+  var I = createHmac('sha512', this.chainCode).update(data).digest()
+  var IL = I.slice(0, 32)
+  var IR = I.slice(32)
+
+  var pIL = BigInteger.fromBuffer(IL)
+
+  // In case parse256(IL) >= n, proceed with the next value for i
+  if (pIL.compareTo(curve.n) >= 0) {
+    return this.derive(index + 1)
+  }
+
+  // Private parent key -> private child key
+  var hd
+  if (this.privKey) {
+    // ki = parse256(IL) + kpar (mod n)
+    var ki = pIL.add(this.privKey.d).mod(curve.n)
+
+    // In case ki == 0, proceed with the next value for i
+    if (ki.signum() === 0) {
+      return this.derive(index + 1)
+    }
+
+    hd = new HDNode(ki, IR, this.network)
+
+  // Public parent key -> public child key
+  } else {
+    // Ki = point(parse256(IL)) + Kpar
+    //    = G*IL + Kpar
+    var Ki = curve.G.multiply(pIL).add(this.pubKey.Q)
+
+    // In case Ki is the point at infinity, proceed with the next value for i
+    if (curve.isInfinity(Ki)) {
+      return this.derive(index + 1)
+    }
+
+    hd = new HDNode(Ki, IR, this.network)
+  }
+
+  hd.depth = this.depth + 1
+  hd.index = index
+  hd.parentFingerprint = this.getFingerprint().readUInt32BE(0)
+
+  return hd
+}
+
+HDNode.prototype.deriveHardened = function (index) {
+  // Only derives hardened private keys by default
+  return this.derive(index + HDNode.HIGHEST_BIT)
+}
+
+HDNode.prototype.toString = HDNode.prototype.toBase58
+
+module.exports = HDNode
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./crypto":58,"./eckey":60,"./ecpubkey":61,"./networks":66,"assert":5,"bigi":3,"bs58check":31,"buffer":7,"create-hmac":45,"ecurve":49,"typeforce":53}],64:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = {
+  Address: require('./address'),
+  base58check: require('./base58check'),
+  Block: require('./block'),
+  bufferutils: require('./bufferutils'),
+  crypto: require('./crypto'),
+  ecdsa: require('./ecdsa'),
+  ECKey: require('./eckey'),
+  ECPubKey: require('./ecpubkey'),
+  ECSignature: require('./ecsignature'),
+  Message: require('./message'),
+  opcodes: require('./opcodes'),
+  HDNode: require('./hdnode'),
+  Script: require('./script'),
+  scripts: require('./scripts'),
+  Transaction: require('./transaction'),
+  TransactionBuilder: require('./transaction_builder'),
+  networks: require('./networks'),
+  Wallet: require('./wallet')
+}
+
+},{"./address":54,"./base58check":55,"./block":56,"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./ecdsa":59,"./eckey":60,"./ecpubkey":61,"./ecsignature":62,"./hdnode":63,"./message":65,"./networks":66,"./opcodes":67,"./script":68,"./scripts":69,"./transaction":70,"./transaction_builder":71,"./wallet":72}],65:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
+var crypto = require('./crypto')
+var ecdsa = require('./ecdsa')
+var networks = require('./networks')
+
+var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+var ECPubKey = require('./ecpubkey')
+var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
+
+var ecurve = require('ecurve')
+var ecparams = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+
+function magicHash (message, network) {
+  var magicPrefix = new Buffer(network.magicPrefix)
+  var messageBuffer = new Buffer(message)
+  var lengthBuffer = bufferutils.varIntBuffer(messageBuffer.length)
+
+  var buffer = Buffer.concat([magicPrefix, lengthBuffer, messageBuffer])
+  return crypto.hash256(buffer)
+}
+
+function sign (privKey, message, network) {
+  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+
+  var hash = magicHash(message, network)
+  var signature = privKey.sign(hash)
+  var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
+  var i = ecdsa.calcPubKeyRecoveryParam(ecparams, e, signature, privKey.pub.Q)
+
+  return signature.toCompact(i, privKey.pub.compressed)
+}
+
+// TODO: network could be implied from address
+function verify (address, signature, message, network) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(signature)) {
+    signature = new Buffer(signature, 'base64')
+  }
+
+  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+
+  var hash = magicHash(message, network)
+  var parsed = ECSignature.parseCompact(signature)
+  var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
+  var Q = ecdsa.recoverPubKey(ecparams, e, parsed.signature, parsed.i)
+
+  var pubKey = new ECPubKey(Q, parsed.compressed)
+  return pubKey.getAddress(network).toString() === address.toString()
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  magicHash: magicHash,
+  sign: sign,
+  verify: verify
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./ecdsa":59,"./ecpubkey":61,"./ecsignature":62,"./networks":66,"bigi":3,"buffer":7,"ecurve":49}],66:[function(require,module,exports){
+// https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/List_of_address_prefixes
+// Dogecoin BIP32 is a proposed standard: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=409731
+
+var networks = {
+  bitcoin: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x18Bitcoin Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x0488b21e,
+      private: 0x0488ade4
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x00,
+    scriptHash: 0x05,
+    wif: 0x80,
+    dustThreshold: 546, // https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.9.2/src/core.h#L151-L162
+    feePerKb: 10000, // https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.9.2/src/main.cpp#L53
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('bitcoin')
+  },
+  testnet: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x18Bitcoin Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x043587cf,
+      private: 0x04358394
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x6f,
+    scriptHash: 0xc4,
+    wif: 0xef,
+    dustThreshold: 546,
+    feePerKb: 10000,
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('testnet')
+  },
+  litecoin: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x19Litecoin Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x019da462,
+      private: 0x019d9cfe
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x30,
+    scriptHash: 0x05,
+    wif: 0xb0,
+    dustThreshold: 0, // https://github.com/litecoin-project/litecoin/blob/v0.8.7.2/src/main.cpp#L360-L365
+    dustSoftThreshold: 100000, // https://github.com/litecoin-project/litecoin/blob/v0.8.7.2/src/main.h#L53
+    feePerKb: 100000, // https://github.com/litecoin-project/litecoin/blob/v0.8.7.2/src/main.cpp#L56
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('litecoin')
+  },
+  dogecoin: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x19Dogecoin Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x02facafd,
+      private: 0x02fac398
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x1e,
+    scriptHash: 0x16,
+    wif: 0x9e,
+    dustThreshold: 0, // https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin/blob/v1.7.1/src/core.h#L155-L160
+    dustSoftThreshold: 100000000, // https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin/blob/v1.7.1/src/main.h#L62
+    feePerKb: 100000000, // https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin/blob/v1.7.1/src/main.cpp#L58
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('dogecoin')
+  },
+  viacoin: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x18Viacoin Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x0488b21e,
+      private: 0x0488ade4
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x47,
+    scriptHash: 0x21,
+    wif: 0xc7,
+    dustThreshold: 560,
+    dustSoftThreshold: 100000,
+    feePerKb: 100000, //
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('viacoin')
+  },
+  viacointestnet: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x18Viacoin Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x043587cf,
+      private: 0x04358394
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x7f,
+    scriptHash: 0xc4,
+    wif: 0xff,
+    dustThreshold: 560,
+    dustSoftThreshold: 100000,
+    feePerKb: 100000,
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('viacointestnet')
+  },
+  gamerscoin: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x19Gamerscoin Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x019da462,
+      private: 0x019d9cfe
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x26,
+    scriptHash: 0x05,
+    wif: 0xA6,
+    dustThreshold: 0, // https://github.com/gamers-coin/gamers-coinv3/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L358-L363
+    dustSoftThreshold: 100000, // https://github.com/gamers-coin/gamers-coinv3/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L51
+    feePerKb: 100000, // https://github.com/gamers-coin/gamers-coinv3/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L54
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('gamerscoin')
+  },
+  jumbucks: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x19Jumbucks Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x037a689a,
+      private: 0x037a6460
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x2b,
+    scriptHash: 0x05,
+    wif: 0xab,
+    dustThreshold: 0,
+    dustSoftThreshold: 10000,
+    feePerKb: 10000,
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('jumbucks')
+  },
+  zetacoin: {
+    magicPrefix: '\x18Zetacoin Signed Message:\n',
+    bip32: {
+      public: 0x0488b21e,
+      private: 0x0488ade4
+    },
+    pubKeyHash: 0x50,
+    scriptHash: 0x09,
+    wif: 0xe0,
+    dustThreshold: 546, // https://github.com/zetacoin/zetacoin/blob/master/src/core.h#L159
+    feePerKb: 10000, // https://github.com/zetacoin/zetacoin/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L54
+    estimateFee: estimateFee('zetacoin')
+  }
+}
+
+function estimateFee (type) {
+  return function (tx) {
+    var network = networks[type]
+    var baseFee = network.feePerKb
+    var byteSize = tx.toBuffer().length
+
+    var fee = baseFee * Math.ceil(byteSize / 1000)
+    if (network.dustSoftThreshold === undefined) return fee
+
+    tx.outs.forEach(function (e) {
+      if (e.value < network.dustSoftThreshold) {
+        fee += baseFee
+      }
+    })
+
+    return fee
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = networks
+
+},{}],67:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = {
+  // push value
+  OP_FALSE: 0,
+  OP_0: 0,
+  OP_PUSHDATA1: 76,
+  OP_PUSHDATA2: 77,
+  OP_PUSHDATA4: 78,
+  OP_1NEGATE: 79,
+  OP_RESERVED: 80,
+  OP_1: 81,
+  OP_TRUE: 81,
+  OP_2: 82,
+  OP_3: 83,
+  OP_4: 84,
+  OP_5: 85,
+  OP_6: 86,
+  OP_7: 87,
+  OP_8: 88,
+  OP_9: 89,
+  OP_10: 90,
+  OP_11: 91,
+  OP_12: 92,
+  OP_13: 93,
+  OP_14: 94,
+  OP_15: 95,
+  OP_16: 96,
+
+  // control
+  OP_NOP: 97,
+  OP_VER: 98,
+  OP_IF: 99,
+  OP_NOTIF: 100,
+  OP_VERIF: 101,
+  OP_VERNOTIF: 102,
+  OP_ELSE: 103,
+  OP_ENDIF: 104,
+  OP_VERIFY: 105,
+  OP_RETURN: 106,
+
+  // stack ops
+  OP_TOALTSTACK: 107,
+  OP_FROMALTSTACK: 108,
+  OP_2DROP: 109,
+  OP_2DUP: 110,
+  OP_3DUP: 111,
+  OP_2OVER: 112,
+  OP_2ROT: 113,
+  OP_2SWAP: 114,
+  OP_IFDUP: 115,
+  OP_DEPTH: 116,
+  OP_DROP: 117,
+  OP_DUP: 118,
+  OP_NIP: 119,
+  OP_OVER: 120,
+  OP_PICK: 121,
+  OP_ROLL: 122,
+  OP_ROT: 123,
+  OP_SWAP: 124,
+  OP_TUCK: 125,
+
+  // splice ops
+  OP_CAT: 126,
+  OP_SUBSTR: 127,
+  OP_LEFT: 128,
+  OP_RIGHT: 129,
+  OP_SIZE: 130,
+
+  // bit logic
+  OP_INVERT: 131,
+  OP_AND: 132,
+  OP_OR: 133,
+  OP_XOR: 134,
+  OP_EQUAL: 135,
+  OP_EQUALVERIFY: 136,
+  OP_RESERVED1: 137,
+  OP_RESERVED2: 138,
+
+  // numeric
+  OP_1ADD: 139,
+  OP_1SUB: 140,
+  OP_2MUL: 141,
+  OP_2DIV: 142,
+  OP_NEGATE: 143,
+  OP_ABS: 144,
+  OP_NOT: 145,
+  OP_0NOTEQUAL: 146,
+
+  OP_ADD: 147,
+  OP_SUB: 148,
+  OP_MUL: 149,
+  OP_DIV: 150,
+  OP_MOD: 151,
+  OP_LSHIFT: 152,
+  OP_RSHIFT: 153,
+
+  OP_BOOLAND: 154,
+  OP_BOOLOR: 155,
+  OP_NUMEQUAL: 156,
+  OP_NUMEQUALVERIFY: 157,
+  OP_NUMNOTEQUAL: 158,
+  OP_LESSTHAN: 159,
+  OP_GREATERTHAN: 160,
+  OP_LESSTHANOREQUAL: 161,
+  OP_GREATERTHANOREQUAL: 162,
+  OP_MIN: 163,
+  OP_MAX: 164,
+
+  OP_WITHIN: 165,
+
+  // crypto
+  OP_RIPEMD160: 166,
+  OP_SHA1: 167,
+  OP_SHA256: 168,
+  OP_HASH160: 169,
+  OP_HASH256: 170,
+  OP_CODESEPARATOR: 171,
+  OP_CHECKSIG: 172,
+  OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY: 173,
+  OP_CHECKMULTISIG: 174,
+  OP_CHECKMULTISIGVERIFY: 175,
+
+  // expansion
+  OP_NOP1: 176,
+  OP_NOP2: 177,
+  OP_NOP3: 178,
+  OP_NOP4: 179,
+  OP_NOP5: 180,
+  OP_NOP6: 181,
+  OP_NOP7: 182,
+  OP_NOP8: 183,
+  OP_NOP9: 184,
+  OP_NOP10: 185,
+
+  // template matching params
+  OP_PUBKEYHASH: 253,
+  OP_PUBKEY: 254,
+  OP_INVALIDOPCODE: 255
+}
+
+},{}],68:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
+var crypto = require('./crypto')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+var opcodes = require('./opcodes')
+
+function Script (buffer, chunks) {
+  typeForce('Buffer', buffer)
+  typeForce('Array', chunks)
+
+  this.buffer = buffer
+  this.chunks = chunks
+}
+
+Script.fromASM = function (asm) {
+  var strChunks = asm.split(' ')
+  var chunks = strChunks.map(function (strChunk) {
+    // opcode
+    if (strChunk in opcodes) {
+      return opcodes[strChunk]
+
+    // data chunk
+    } else {
+      return new Buffer(strChunk, 'hex')
+    }
+  })
+
+  return Script.fromChunks(chunks)
+}
+
+Script.fromBuffer = function (buffer) {
+  var chunks = []
+  var i = 0
+
+  while (i < buffer.length) {
+    var opcode = buffer.readUInt8(i)
+
+    // data chunk
+    if ((opcode > opcodes.OP_0) && (opcode <= opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA4)) {
+      var d = bufferutils.readPushDataInt(buffer, i)
+
+      // did reading a pushDataInt fail? return non-chunked script
+      if (d === null) return new Script(buffer, [])
+      i += d.size
+
+      // attempt to read too much data?
+      if (i + d.number > buffer.length) return new Script(buffer, [])
+
+      var data = buffer.slice(i, i + d.number)
+      i += d.number
+
+      chunks.push(data)
+
+    // opcode
+    } else {
+      chunks.push(opcode)
+
+      i += 1
+    }
+  }
+
+  return new Script(buffer, chunks)
+}
+
+Script.fromChunks = function (chunks) {
+  typeForce('Array', chunks)
+
+  var bufferSize = chunks.reduce(function (accum, chunk) {
+    // data chunk
+    if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
+      return accum + bufferutils.pushDataSize(chunk.length) + chunk.length
+    }
+
+    // opcode
+    return accum + 1
+  }, 0.0)
+
+  var buffer = new Buffer(bufferSize)
+  var offset = 0
+
+  chunks.forEach(function (chunk) {
+    // data chunk
+    if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
+      offset += bufferutils.writePushDataInt(buffer, chunk.length, offset)
+
+      chunk.copy(buffer, offset)
+      offset += chunk.length
+
+    // opcode
+    } else {
+      buffer.writeUInt8(chunk, offset)
+      offset += 1
+    }
+  })
+
+  assert.equal(offset, buffer.length, 'Could not decode chunks')
+  return new Script(buffer, chunks)
+}
+
+Script.fromHex = function (hex) {
+  return Script.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'))
+}
+
+Script.EMPTY = Script.fromChunks([])
+
+Script.prototype.getHash = function () {
+  return crypto.hash160(this.buffer)
+}
+
+// FIXME: doesn't work for data chunks, maybe time to use buffertools.compare...
+Script.prototype.without = function (needle) {
+  return Script.fromChunks(this.chunks.filter(function (op) {
+    return op !== needle
+  }))
+}
+
+var reverseOps = []
+for (var op in opcodes) {
+  var code = opcodes[op]
+  reverseOps[code] = op
+}
+
+Script.prototype.toASM = function () {
+  return this.chunks.map(function (chunk) {
+    // data chunk
+    if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
+      return chunk.toString('hex')
+
+    // opcode
+    } else {
+      return reverseOps[chunk]
+    }
+  }).join(' ')
+}
+
+Script.prototype.toBuffer = function () {
+  return this.buffer
+}
+
+Script.prototype.toHex = function () {
+  return this.toBuffer().toString('hex')
+}
+
+module.exports = Script
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./opcodes":67,"assert":5,"buffer":7,"typeforce":53}],69:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var ops = require('./opcodes')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+
+var ecurve = require('ecurve')
+var curve = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+
+var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
+var Script = require('./script')
+
+function isCanonicalPubKey (buffer) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buffer)) return false
+
+  try {
+    ecurve.Point.decodeFrom(curve, buffer)
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (!(e.message.match(/Invalid sequence (length|tag)/)))
+      throw e
+
+    return false
+  }
+
+  return true
+}
+
+function isCanonicalSignature (buffer) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buffer)) return false
+
+  try {
+    ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(buffer)
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (!(e.message.match(/Not a DER sequence|Invalid sequence length|Expected a DER integer|R length is zero|S length is zero|R value excessively padded|S value excessively padded|R value is negative|S value is negative|Invalid hashType/))) {
+      throw e
+    }
+
+    return false
+  }
+
+  return true
+}
+
+function isPubKeyHashInput (script) {
+  return script.chunks.length === 2 &&
+    isCanonicalSignature(script.chunks[0]) &&
+    isCanonicalPubKey(script.chunks[1])
+}
+
+function isPubKeyHashOutput (script) {
+  return script.chunks.length === 5 &&
+    script.chunks[0] === ops.OP_DUP &&
+    script.chunks[1] === ops.OP_HASH160 &&
+    Buffer.isBuffer(script.chunks[2]) &&
+    script.chunks[2].length === 20 &&
+    script.chunks[3] === ops.OP_EQUALVERIFY &&
+    script.chunks[4] === ops.OP_CHECKSIG
+}
+
+function isPubKeyInput (script) {
+  return script.chunks.length === 1 &&
+    isCanonicalSignature(script.chunks[0])
+}
+
+function isPubKeyOutput (script) {
+  return script.chunks.length === 2 &&
+    isCanonicalPubKey(script.chunks[0]) &&
+    script.chunks[1] === ops.OP_CHECKSIG
+}
+
+function isScriptHashInput (script, allowIncomplete) {
+  if (script.chunks.length < 2) return false
+
+  var lastChunk = script.chunks[script.chunks.length - 1]
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(lastChunk)) return false
+
+  var scriptSig = Script.fromChunks(script.chunks.slice(0, -1))
+  var redeemScript = Script.fromBuffer(lastChunk)
+
+  // is redeemScript a valid script?
+  if (redeemScript.chunks.length === 0) return false
+
+  return classifyInput(scriptSig, allowIncomplete) === classifyOutput(redeemScript)
+}
+
+function isScriptHashOutput (script) {
+  return script.chunks.length === 3 &&
+    script.chunks[0] === ops.OP_HASH160 &&
+    Buffer.isBuffer(script.chunks[1]) &&
+    script.chunks[1].length === 20 &&
+    script.chunks[2] === ops.OP_EQUAL
+}
+
+// allowIncomplete is to account for combining signatures
+// See https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/f425050546644a36b0b8e0eb2f6934a3e0f6f80f/src/script/sign.cpp#L195-L197
+function isMultisigInput (script, allowIncomplete) {
+  if (script.chunks.length < 2) return false
+  if (script.chunks[0] !== ops.OP_0) return false
+
+  if (allowIncomplete) {
+    return script.chunks.slice(1).every(function (chunk) {
+      return chunk === ops.OP_0 || isCanonicalSignature(chunk)
+    })
+  }
+
+  return script.chunks.slice(1).every(isCanonicalSignature)
+}
+
+function isMultisigOutput (script) {
+  if (script.chunks.length < 4) return false
+  if (script.chunks[script.chunks.length - 1] !== ops.OP_CHECKMULTISIG) return false
+
+  var mOp = script.chunks[0]
+  if (mOp === ops.OP_0) return false
+  if (mOp < ops.OP_1) return false
+  if (mOp > ops.OP_16) return false
+
+  var nOp = script.chunks[script.chunks.length - 2]
+  if (nOp === ops.OP_0) return false
+  if (nOp < ops.OP_1) return false
+  if (nOp > ops.OP_16) return false
+
+  var m = mOp - (ops.OP_1 - 1)
+  var n = nOp - (ops.OP_1 - 1)
+  if (n < m) return false
+
+  var pubKeys = script.chunks.slice(1, -2)
+  if (n < pubKeys.length) return false
+
+  return pubKeys.every(isCanonicalPubKey)
+}
+
+function isNullDataOutput (script) {
+  return script.chunks[0] === ops.OP_RETURN
+}
+
+function classifyOutput (script) {
+  typeForce('Script', script)
+
+  if (isPubKeyHashOutput(script)) {
+    return 'pubkeyhash'
+  } else if (isScriptHashOutput(script)) {
+    return 'scripthash'
+  } else if (isMultisigOutput(script)) {
+    return 'multisig'
+  } else if (isPubKeyOutput(script)) {
+    return 'pubkey'
+  } else if (isNullDataOutput(script)) {
+    return 'nulldata'
+  }
+
+  return 'nonstandard'
+}
+
+function classifyInput (script, allowIncomplete) {
+  typeForce('Script', script)
+
+  if (isPubKeyHashInput(script)) {
+    return 'pubkeyhash'
+  } else if (isMultisigInput(script, allowIncomplete)) {
+    return 'multisig'
+  } else if (isScriptHashInput(script, allowIncomplete)) {
+    return 'scripthash'
+  } else if (isPubKeyInput(script)) {
+    return 'pubkey'
+  }
+
+  return 'nonstandard'
+}
+
+// Standard Script Templates
+// {pubKey} OP_CHECKSIG
+function pubKeyOutput (pubKey) {
+  return Script.fromChunks([
+    pubKey.toBuffer(),
+    ops.OP_CHECKSIG
+  ])
+}
+
+// OP_DUP OP_HASH160 {pubKeyHash} OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG
+function pubKeyHashOutput (hash) {
+  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
+
+  return Script.fromChunks([
+    ops.OP_DUP,
+    ops.OP_HASH160,
+    hash,
+    ops.OP_EQUALVERIFY,
+    ops.OP_CHECKSIG
+  ])
+}
+
+// OP_HASH160 {scriptHash} OP_EQUAL
+function scriptHashOutput (hash) {
+  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
+
+  return Script.fromChunks([
+    ops.OP_HASH160,
+    hash,
+    ops.OP_EQUAL
+  ])
+}
+
+// m [pubKeys ...] n OP_CHECKMULTISIG
+function multisigOutput (m, pubKeys) {
+  typeForce(['ECPubKey'], pubKeys)
+
+  assert(pubKeys.length >= m, 'Not enough pubKeys provided')
+
+  var pubKeyBuffers = pubKeys.map(function (pubKey) {
+    return pubKey.toBuffer()
+  })
+  var n = pubKeys.length
+
+  return Script.fromChunks([].concat(
+    (ops.OP_1 - 1) + m,
+    pubKeyBuffers,
+    (ops.OP_1 - 1) + n,
+    ops.OP_CHECKMULTISIG
+  ))
+}
+
+// {signature}
+function pubKeyInput (signature) {
+  typeForce('Buffer', signature)
+
+  return Script.fromChunks([signature])
+}
+
+// {signature} {pubKey}
+function pubKeyHashInput (signature, pubKey) {
+  typeForce('Buffer', signature)
+
+  return Script.fromChunks([signature, pubKey.toBuffer()])
+}
+
+// <scriptSig> {serialized scriptPubKey script}
+function scriptHashInput (scriptSig, scriptPubKey) {
+  return Script.fromChunks([].concat(
+    scriptSig.chunks,
+    scriptPubKey.toBuffer()
+  ))
+}
+
+// OP_0 [signatures ...]
+function multisigInput (signatures, scriptPubKey) {
+  if (scriptPubKey) {
+    assert(isMultisigOutput(scriptPubKey))
+
+    var mOp = scriptPubKey.chunks[0]
+    var nOp = scriptPubKey.chunks[scriptPubKey.chunks.length - 2]
+    var m = mOp - (ops.OP_1 - 1)
+    var n = nOp - (ops.OP_1 - 1)
+
+    assert(signatures.length >= m, 'Not enough signatures provided')
+    assert(signatures.length <= n, 'Too many signatures provided')
+  }
+
+  return Script.fromChunks([].concat(ops.OP_0, signatures))
+}
+
+function nullDataOutput (data) {
+  return Script.fromChunks([ops.OP_RETURN, data])
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  isCanonicalPubKey: isCanonicalPubKey,
+  isCanonicalSignature: isCanonicalSignature,
+  isPubKeyHashInput: isPubKeyHashInput,
+  isPubKeyHashOutput: isPubKeyHashOutput,
+  isPubKeyInput: isPubKeyInput,
+  isPubKeyOutput: isPubKeyOutput,
+  isScriptHashInput: isScriptHashInput,
+  isScriptHashOutput: isScriptHashOutput,
+  isMultisigInput: isMultisigInput,
+  isMultisigOutput: isMultisigOutput,
+  isNullDataOutput: isNullDataOutput,
+  classifyOutput: classifyOutput,
+  classifyInput: classifyInput,
+  pubKeyOutput: pubKeyOutput,
+  pubKeyHashOutput: pubKeyHashOutput,
+  scriptHashOutput: scriptHashOutput,
+  multisigOutput: multisigOutput,
+  pubKeyInput: pubKeyInput,
+  pubKeyHashInput: pubKeyHashInput,
+  scriptHashInput: scriptHashInput,
+  multisigInput: multisigInput,
+  dataOutput: function (data) {
+    console.warn('dataOutput is deprecated, use nullDataOutput by 2.0.0')
+    return nullDataOutput(data)
+  },
+  nullDataOutput: nullDataOutput
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./ecsignature":62,"./opcodes":67,"./script":68,"assert":5,"buffer":7,"ecurve":49,"typeforce":53}],70:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
+var crypto = require('./crypto')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+var opcodes = require('./opcodes')
+var scripts = require('./scripts')
+
+var Address = require('./address')
+var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
+var Script = require('./script')
+
+function Transaction () {
+  this.version = 1
+  this.locktime = 0
+  this.ins = []
+  this.outs = []
+}
+
+Transaction.DEFAULT_SEQUENCE = 0xffffffff
+Transaction.SIGHASH_ALL = 0x01
+Transaction.SIGHASH_NONE = 0x02
+Transaction.SIGHASH_SINGLE = 0x03
+Transaction.SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY = 0x80
+
+Transaction.fromBuffer = function (buffer, __disableAssert) {
+  var offset = 0
+  function readSlice (n) {
+    offset += n
+    return buffer.slice(offset - n, offset)
+  }
+
+  function readUInt32 () {
+    var i = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset)
+    offset += 4
+    return i
+  }
+
+  function readUInt64 () {
+    var i = bufferutils.readUInt64LE(buffer, offset)
+    offset += 8
+    return i
+  }
+
+  function readVarInt () {
+    var vi = bufferutils.readVarInt(buffer, offset)
+    offset += vi.size
+    return vi.number
+  }
+
+  function readScript () {
+    return Script.fromBuffer(readSlice(readVarInt()))
+  }
+
+  function readGenerationScript () {
+    return new Script(readSlice(readVarInt()), [])
+  }
+
+  var tx = new Transaction()
+  tx.version = readUInt32()
+
+  var vinLen = readVarInt()
+  for (var i = 0; i < vinLen; ++i) {
+    var hash = readSlice(32)
+
+    if (Transaction.isCoinbaseHash(hash)) {
+      tx.ins.push({
+        hash: hash,
+        index: readUInt32(),
+        script: readGenerationScript(),
+        sequence: readUInt32()
+      })
+    } else {
+      tx.ins.push({
+        hash: hash,
+        index: readUInt32(),
+        script: readScript(),
+        sequence: readUInt32()
+      })
+    }
+  }
+
+  var voutLen = readVarInt()
+  for (i = 0; i < voutLen; ++i) {
+    tx.outs.push({
+      value: readUInt64(),
+      script: readScript()
+    })
+  }
+
+  tx.locktime = readUInt32()
+
+  if (!__disableAssert) {
+    assert.equal(offset, buffer.length, 'Transaction has unexpected data')
+  }
+
+  return tx
+}
+
+Transaction.fromHex = function (hex) {
+  return Transaction.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'))
+}
+
+Transaction.isCoinbaseHash = function (buffer) {
+  return Array.prototype.every.call(buffer, function (x) {
+    return x === 0
+  })
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a new txIn.
+ *
+ * Can be called with any of:
+ *
+ * - A transaction and an index
+ * - A transaction hash and an index
+ *
+ * Note that this method does not sign the created input.
+ */
+Transaction.prototype.addInput = function (hash, index, sequence, script) {
+  if (sequence === undefined || sequence === null) {
+    sequence = Transaction.DEFAULT_SEQUENCE
+  }
+
+  script = script || Script.EMPTY
+
+  if (typeof hash === 'string') {
+    // TxId hex is big-endian, we need little-endian
+    hash = bufferutils.reverse(new Buffer(hash, 'hex'))
+  } else if (hash instanceof Transaction) {
+    hash = hash.getHash()
+  }
+
+  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
+  typeForce('Number', index)
+  typeForce('Number', sequence)
+  typeForce('Script', script)
+
+  assert.equal(hash.length, 32, 'Expected hash length of 32, got ' + hash.length)
+
+  // Add the input and return the input's index
+  return (this.ins.push({
+    hash: hash,
+    index: index,
+    script: script,
+    sequence: sequence
+  }) - 1)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a new txOut.
+ *
+ * Can be called with:
+ *
+ * - A base58 address string and a value
+ * - An Address object and a value
+ * - A scriptPubKey Script and a value
+ */
+Transaction.prototype.addOutput = function (scriptPubKey, value) {
+  // Attempt to get a valid address if it's a base58 address string
+  if (typeof scriptPubKey === 'string') {
+    scriptPubKey = Address.fromBase58Check(scriptPubKey)
+  }
+
+  // Attempt to get a valid script if it's an Address object
+  if (scriptPubKey instanceof Address) {
+    scriptPubKey = scriptPubKey.toOutputScript()
+  }
+
+  typeForce('Script', scriptPubKey)
+  typeForce('Number', value)
+
+  // Add the output and return the output's index
+  return (this.outs.push({
+    script: scriptPubKey,
+    value: value
+  }) - 1)
+}
+
+Transaction.prototype.clone = function () {
+  var newTx = new Transaction()
+  newTx.version = this.version
+  newTx.locktime = this.locktime
+
+  newTx.ins = this.ins.map(function (txIn) {
+    return {
+      hash: txIn.hash,
+      index: txIn.index,
+      script: txIn.script,
+      sequence: txIn.sequence
+    }
+  })
+
+  newTx.outs = this.outs.map(function (txOut) {
+    return {
+      script: txOut.script,
+      value: txOut.value
+    }
+  })
+
+  return newTx
+}
+
+/**
+ * Hash transaction for signing a specific input.
+ *
+ * Bitcoin uses a different hash for each signed transaction input. This
+ * method copies the transaction, makes the necessary changes based on the
+ * hashType, serializes and finally hashes the result. This hash can then be
+ * used to sign the transaction input in question.
+ */
+Transaction.prototype.hashForSignature = function (inIndex, prevOutScript, hashType) {
+  // FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+  if (arguments[0] instanceof Script) {
+    console.warn('hashForSignature(prevOutScript, inIndex, ...) has been deprecated. Use hashForSignature(inIndex, prevOutScript, ...)')
+
+    // swap the arguments (must be stored in tmp, arguments is special)
+    var tmp = arguments[0]
+    inIndex = arguments[1]
+    prevOutScript = tmp
+  }
+
+  typeForce('Number', inIndex)
+  typeForce('Script', prevOutScript)
+  typeForce('Number', hashType)
+
+  assert(inIndex >= 0, 'Invalid vin index')
+  assert(inIndex < this.ins.length, 'Invalid vin index')
+
+  var txTmp = this.clone()
+  var hashScript = prevOutScript.without(opcodes.OP_CODESEPARATOR)
+
+  // Blank out other inputs' signatures
+  txTmp.ins.forEach(function (txIn) {
+    txIn.script = Script.EMPTY
+  })
+  txTmp.ins[inIndex].script = hashScript
+
+  var hashTypeModifier = hashType & 0x1f
+
+  if (hashTypeModifier === Transaction.SIGHASH_NONE) {
+    assert(false, 'SIGHASH_NONE not yet supported')
+  } else if (hashTypeModifier === Transaction.SIGHASH_SINGLE) {
+    assert(false, 'SIGHASH_SINGLE not yet supported')
+  }
+
+  if (hashType & Transaction.SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY) {
+    assert(false, 'SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY not yet supported')
+  }
+
+  var hashTypeBuffer = new Buffer(4)
+  hashTypeBuffer.writeInt32LE(hashType, 0)
+
+  var buffer = Buffer.concat([txTmp.toBuffer(), hashTypeBuffer])
+  return crypto.hash256(buffer)
+}
+
+Transaction.prototype.getHash = function () {
+  return crypto.hash256(this.toBuffer())
+}
+
+Transaction.prototype.getId = function () {
+  // TxHash is little-endian, we need big-endian
+  return bufferutils.reverse(this.getHash()).toString('hex')
+}
+
+Transaction.prototype.toBuffer = function () {
+  function scriptSize (script) {
+    var length = script.buffer.length
+
+    return bufferutils.varIntSize(length) + length
+  }
+
+  var buffer = new Buffer(
+    8 +
+    bufferutils.varIntSize(this.ins.length) +
+    bufferutils.varIntSize(this.outs.length) +
+    this.ins.reduce(function (sum, input) { return sum + 40 + scriptSize(input.script) }, 0) +
+    this.outs.reduce(function (sum, output) { return sum + 8 + scriptSize(output.script) }, 0)
+  )
+
+  var offset = 0
+  function writeSlice (slice) {
+    slice.copy(buffer, offset)
+    offset += slice.length
+  }
+
+  function writeUInt32 (i) {
+    buffer.writeUInt32LE(i, offset)
+    offset += 4
+  }
+
+  function writeUInt64 (i) {
+    bufferutils.writeUInt64LE(buffer, i, offset)
+    offset += 8
+  }
+
+  function writeVarInt (i) {
+    var n = bufferutils.writeVarInt(buffer, i, offset)
+    offset += n
+  }
+
+  writeUInt32(this.version)
+  writeVarInt(this.ins.length)
+
+  this.ins.forEach(function (txIn) {
+    writeSlice(txIn.hash)
+    writeUInt32(txIn.index)
+    writeVarInt(txIn.script.buffer.length)
+    writeSlice(txIn.script.buffer)
+    writeUInt32(txIn.sequence)
+  })
+
+  writeVarInt(this.outs.length)
+  this.outs.forEach(function (txOut) {
+    writeUInt64(txOut.value)
+    writeVarInt(txOut.script.buffer.length)
+    writeSlice(txOut.script.buffer)
+  })
+
+  writeUInt32(this.locktime)
+
+  return buffer
+}
+
+Transaction.prototype.toHex = function () {
+  return this.toBuffer().toString('hex')
+}
+
+Transaction.prototype.setInputScript = function (index, script) {
+  typeForce('Number', index)
+  typeForce('Script', script)
+
+  this.ins[index].script = script
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+Transaction.prototype.sign = function (index, privKey, hashType) {
+  console.warn('Transaction.prototype.sign is deprecated.  Use TransactionBuilder instead.')
+
+  var prevOutScript = privKey.pub.getAddress().toOutputScript()
+  var signature = this.signInput(index, prevOutScript, privKey, hashType)
+
+  var scriptSig = scripts.pubKeyHashInput(signature, privKey.pub)
+  this.setInputScript(index, scriptSig)
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+Transaction.prototype.signInput = function (index, prevOutScript, privKey, hashType) {
+  console.warn('Transaction.prototype.signInput is deprecated.  Use TransactionBuilder instead.')
+
+  hashType = hashType || Transaction.SIGHASH_ALL
+
+  var hash = this.hashForSignature(index, prevOutScript, hashType)
+  var signature = privKey.sign(hash)
+
+  return signature.toScriptSignature(hashType)
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
+Transaction.prototype.validateInput = function (index, prevOutScript, pubKey, buffer) {
+  console.warn('Transaction.prototype.validateInput is deprecated.  Use TransactionBuilder instead.')
+
+  var parsed = ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(buffer)
+  var hash = this.hashForSignature(index, prevOutScript, parsed.hashType)
+
+  return pubKey.verify(hash, parsed.signature)
+}
+
+module.exports = Transaction
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./address":54,"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./ecsignature":62,"./opcodes":67,"./script":68,"./scripts":69,"assert":5,"buffer":7,"typeforce":53}],71:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var ops = require('./opcodes')
+var scripts = require('./scripts')
+
+var ECPubKey = require('./ecpubkey')
+var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
+var Script = require('./script')
+var Transaction = require('./transaction')
+
+function extractInput (txIn) {
+  var redeemScript
+  var scriptSig = txIn.script
+  var prevOutScript
+  var prevOutType = scripts.classifyInput(scriptSig, true)
+  var scriptType
+
+  // Re-classify if scriptHash
+  if (prevOutType === 'scripthash') {
+    redeemScript = Script.fromBuffer(scriptSig.chunks.slice(-1)[0])
+    prevOutScript = scripts.scriptHashOutput(redeemScript.getHash())
+
+    scriptSig = Script.fromChunks(scriptSig.chunks.slice(0, -1))
+    scriptType = scripts.classifyInput(scriptSig, true)
+  } else {
+    scriptType = prevOutType
+  }
+
+  // Extract hashType, pubKeys and signatures
+  var hashType, parsed, pubKeys, signatures
+
+  switch (scriptType) {
+    case 'pubkeyhash': {
+      parsed = ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(scriptSig.chunks[0])
+      hashType = parsed.hashType
+      pubKeys = [ECPubKey.fromBuffer(scriptSig.chunks[1])]
+      signatures = [parsed.signature]
+      prevOutScript = pubKeys[0].getAddress().toOutputScript()
+
+      break
+    }
+
+    case 'pubkey': {
+      parsed = ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(scriptSig.chunks[0])
+      hashType = parsed.hashType
+      signatures = [parsed.signature]
+
+      if (redeemScript) {
+        pubKeys = [ECPubKey.fromBuffer(redeemScript.chunks[0])]
+      }
+
+      break
+    }
+
+    case 'multisig': {
+      signatures = scriptSig.chunks.slice(1).map(function (chunk) {
+        if (chunk === ops.OP_0) return chunk
+
+        var parsed = ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(chunk)
+        hashType = parsed.hashType
+
+        return parsed.signature
+      })
+
+      if (redeemScript) {
+        pubKeys = redeemScript.chunks.slice(1, -2).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
+      }
+
+      break
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    hashType: hashType,
+    prevOutScript: prevOutScript,
+    prevOutType: prevOutType,
+    pubKeys: pubKeys,
+    redeemScript: redeemScript,
+    scriptType: scriptType,
+    signatures: signatures
+  }
+}
+
+function TransactionBuilder () {
+  this.prevTxMap = {}
+  this.prevOutScripts = {}
+  this.prevOutTypes = {}
+
+  this.inputs = []
+  this.tx = new Transaction()
+}
+
+TransactionBuilder.fromTransaction = function (transaction) {
+  var txb = new TransactionBuilder()
+
+  // Copy other transaction fields
+  txb.tx.version = transaction.version
+  txb.tx.locktime = transaction.locktime
+
+  // Extract/add inputs
+  transaction.ins.forEach(function (txIn) {
+    txb.addInput(txIn.hash, txIn.index, txIn.sequence)
+  })
+
+  // Extract/add outputs
+  transaction.outs.forEach(function (txOut) {
+    txb.addOutput(txOut.script, txOut.value)
+  })
+
+  // Extract/add signatures
+  txb.inputs = transaction.ins.map(function (txIn) {
+    // TODO: remove me after testcase added
+    assert(!Transaction.isCoinbaseHash(txIn.hash), 'coinbase inputs not supported')
+
+    // Ignore empty scripts
+    if (txIn.script.buffer.length === 0) return {}
+
+    return extractInput(txIn)
+  })
+
+  return txb
+}
+
+TransactionBuilder.prototype.addInput = function (prevTx, index, sequence, prevOutScript) {
+  var prevOutHash
+
+  // txId
+  if (typeof prevTx === 'string') {
+    prevOutHash = new Buffer(prevTx, 'hex')
+
+    // TxId hex is big-endian, we want little-endian hash
+    Array.prototype.reverse.call(prevOutHash)
+
+  // Transaction
+  } else if (prevTx instanceof Transaction) {
+    prevOutHash = prevTx.getHash()
+    prevOutScript = prevTx.outs[index].script
+
+  // txHash
+  } else {
+    prevOutHash = prevTx
+  }
+
+  var input = {}
+  if (prevOutScript) {
+    var prevOutType = scripts.classifyOutput(prevOutScript)
+
+    // if we can, extract pubKey information
+    switch (prevOutType) {
+      case 'multisig': {
+        input.pubKeys = prevOutScript.chunks.slice(1, -2).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
+        break
+      }
+
+      case 'pubkey': {
+        input.pubKeys = prevOutScript.chunks.slice(0, 1).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
+        break
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (prevOutType !== 'scripthash') {
+      input.scriptType = prevOutType
+    }
+
+    input.prevOutScript = prevOutScript
+    input.prevOutType = prevOutType
+  }
+
+  assert(this.inputs.every(function (input2) {
+    if (input2.hashType === undefined) return true
+
+    return input2.hashType & Transaction.SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY
+  }), 'No, this would invalidate signatures')
+
+  var prevOut = prevOutHash.toString('hex') + ':' + index
+  assert(!(prevOut in this.prevTxMap), 'Transaction is already an input')
+
+  var vin = this.tx.addInput(prevOutHash, index, sequence)
+  this.inputs[vin] = input
+  this.prevTxMap[prevOut] = vin
+
+  return vin
+}
+
+TransactionBuilder.prototype.addOutput = function (scriptPubKey, value) {
+  assert(this.inputs.every(function (input) {
+    if (input.hashType === undefined) return true
+
+    return (input.hashType & 0x1f) === Transaction.SIGHASH_SINGLE
+  }), 'No, this would invalidate signatures')
+
+  return this.tx.addOutput(scriptPubKey, value)
+}
+
+TransactionBuilder.prototype.build = function () {
+  return this.__build(false)
+}
+TransactionBuilder.prototype.buildIncomplete = function () {
+  return this.__build(true)
+}
+
+var canSignTypes = {
+  'pubkeyhash': true,
+  'multisig': true,
+  'pubkey': true
+}
+
+TransactionBuilder.prototype.__build = function (allowIncomplete) {
+  if (!allowIncomplete) {
+    assert(this.tx.ins.length > 0, 'Transaction has no inputs')
+    assert(this.tx.outs.length > 0, 'Transaction has no outputs')
+  }
+
+  var tx = this.tx.clone()
+
+  // Create script signatures from signature meta-data
+  this.inputs.forEach(function (input, index) {
+    var scriptType = input.scriptType
+    var scriptSig
+
+    if (!allowIncomplete) {
+      assert(!!scriptType, 'Transaction is not complete')
+      assert(scriptType in canSignTypes, scriptType + ' not supported')
+      assert(input.signatures, 'Transaction is missing signatures')
+    }
+
+    if (input.signatures) {
+      switch (scriptType) {
+        case 'pubkeyhash': {
+          var pkhSignature = input.signatures[0].toScriptSignature(input.hashType)
+          scriptSig = scripts.pubKeyHashInput(pkhSignature, input.pubKeys[0])
+          break
+        }
+
+        case 'multisig': {
+          // Array.prototype.map is sparse-compatible
+          var msSignatures = input.signatures.map(function (signature) {
+            return signature && signature.toScriptSignature(input.hashType)
+          })
+
+          // fill in blanks with OP_0
+          if (allowIncomplete) {
+            for (var i = 0; i < msSignatures.length; ++i) {
+              if (msSignatures[i]) continue
+
+              msSignatures[i] = ops.OP_0
+            }
+          } else {
+            // Array.prototype.filter returns non-sparse array
+            msSignatures = msSignatures.filter(function (x) { return x })
+          }
+
+          var redeemScript = allowIncomplete ? undefined : input.redeemScript
+          scriptSig = scripts.multisigInput(msSignatures, redeemScript)
+          break
+        }
+
+        case 'pubkey': {
+          var pkSignature = input.signatures[0].toScriptSignature(input.hashType)
+          scriptSig = scripts.pubKeyInput(pkSignature)
+          break
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // did we build a scriptSig?
+    if (scriptSig) {
+      // wrap as scriptHash if necessary
+      if (input.prevOutType === 'scripthash') {
+        scriptSig = scripts.scriptHashInput(scriptSig, input.redeemScript)
+      }
+
+      tx.setInputScript(index, scriptSig)
+    }
+  })
+
+  return tx
+}
+
+TransactionBuilder.prototype.sign = function (index, privKey, redeemScript, hashType) {
+  assert(index in this.inputs, 'No input at index: ' + index)
+  hashType = hashType || Transaction.SIGHASH_ALL
+
+  var input = this.inputs[index]
+  var canSign = input.hashType &&
+    input.prevOutScript &&
+    input.prevOutType &&
+    input.pubKeys &&
+    input.scriptType &&
+    input.signatures
+
+  // are we almost ready to sign?
+  if (canSign) {
+    // if redeemScript was provided, enforce consistency
+    if (redeemScript) {
+      assert.deepEqual(input.redeemScript, redeemScript, 'Inconsistent redeemScript')
+    }
+
+    assert.equal(input.hashType, hashType, 'Inconsistent hashType')
+
+  // no? prepare
+  } else {
+    // must be pay-to-scriptHash?
+    if (redeemScript) {
+      // if we have a prevOutScript, enforce scriptHash equality to the redeemScript
+      if (input.prevOutScript) {
+        assert.equal(input.prevOutType, 'scripthash', 'PrevOutScript must be P2SH')
+
+        var scriptHash = input.prevOutScript.chunks[1]
+        assert.deepEqual(scriptHash, redeemScript.getHash(), 'RedeemScript does not match ' + scriptHash.toString('hex'))
+      }
+
+      var scriptType = scripts.classifyOutput(redeemScript)
+      assert(scriptType in canSignTypes, 'RedeemScript not supported (' + scriptType + ')')
+
+      var pubKeys = []
+      switch (scriptType) {
+        case 'multisig': {
+          pubKeys = redeemScript.chunks.slice(1, -2).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
+          break
+        }
+
+        case 'pubkeyhash': {
+          var pkh1 = redeemScript.chunks[2]
+          var pkh2 = privKey.pub.getAddress().hash
+
+          assert.deepEqual(pkh1, pkh2, 'privateKey cannot sign for this input')
+          pubKeys = [privKey.pub]
+          break
+        }
+
+        case 'pubkey': {
+          pubKeys = redeemScript.chunks.slice(0, 1).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
+          break
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (!input.prevOutScript) {
+        input.prevOutScript = scripts.scriptHashOutput(redeemScript.getHash())
+        input.prevOutType = 'scripthash'
+      }
+
+      input.pubKeys = pubKeys
+      input.redeemScript = redeemScript
+      input.scriptType = scriptType
+
+    // cannot be pay-to-scriptHash
+    } else {
+      assert.notEqual(input.prevOutType, 'scripthash', 'PrevOutScript is P2SH, missing redeemScript')
+
+      // can we otherwise sign this?
+      if (input.scriptType) {
+        assert(input.pubKeys, input.scriptType + ' not supported')
+
+      // we know nothin' Jon Snow, assume pubKeyHash
+      } else {
+        input.prevOutScript = privKey.pub.getAddress().toOutputScript()
+        input.prevOutType = 'pubkeyhash'
+        input.pubKeys = [privKey.pub]
+        input.scriptType = input.prevOutType
+      }
+    }
+
+    input.hashType = hashType
+    input.signatures = input.signatures || []
+  }
+
+  var signatureScript = input.redeemScript || input.prevOutScript
+  var signatureHash = this.tx.hashForSignature(index, signatureScript, hashType)
+
+  // enforce signature order matches public keys
+  if (input.scriptType === 'multisig' && input.redeemScript && input.signatures.length !== input.pubKeys.length) {
+    // maintain a local copy of unmatched signatures
+    var unmatched = input.signatures.slice()
+
+    input.signatures = input.pubKeys.map(function (pubKey) {
+      var match
+
+      // check for any matching signatures
+      unmatched.some(function (signature, i) {
+        if (!pubKey.verify(signatureHash, signature)) return false
+        match = signature
+
+        // remove matched signature from unmatched
+        unmatched.splice(i, 1)
+
+        return true
+      })
+
+      return match || undefined
+    })
+  }
+
+  // enforce in order signing of public keys
+  assert(input.pubKeys.some(function (pubKey, i) {
+    if (!privKey.pub.Q.equals(pubKey.Q)) return false
+
+    assert(!input.signatures[i], 'Signature already exists')
+    var signature = privKey.sign(signatureHash)
+    input.signatures[i] = signature
+
+    return true
+  }, this), 'privateKey cannot sign for this input')
+}
+
+module.exports = TransactionBuilder
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./ecpubkey":61,"./ecsignature":62,"./opcodes":67,"./script":68,"./scripts":69,"./transaction":70,"assert":5,"buffer":7}],72:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var assert = require('assert')
+var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
+var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+var networks = require('./networks')
+var randomBytes = require('randombytes')
+
+var Address = require('./address')
+var HDNode = require('./hdnode')
+var TransactionBuilder = require('./transaction_builder')
+var Script = require('./script')
+
+function Wallet (seed, network) {
+  console.warn('Wallet is deprecated and will be removed in 2.0.0, see #296')
+
+  seed = seed || randomBytes(32)
+  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+
+  // Stored in a closure to make accidental serialization less likely
+  var masterKey = HDNode.fromSeedBuffer(seed, network)
+
+  // HD first-level child derivation method should be hardened
+  // See https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=405179.msg4415254#msg4415254
+  var accountZero = masterKey.deriveHardened(0)
+  var externalAccount = accountZero.derive(0)
+  var internalAccount = accountZero.derive(1)
+
+  this.addresses = []
+  this.changeAddresses = []
+  this.network = network
+  this.unspents = []
+
+  // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+  this.unspentMap = {}
+
+  // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+  var me = this
+  this.newMasterKey = function (seed) {
+    console.warn('newMasterKey is deprecated, please make a new Wallet instance instead')
+
+    seed = seed || randomBytes(32)
+    masterKey = HDNode.fromSeedBuffer(seed, network)
+
+    accountZero = masterKey.deriveHardened(0)
+    externalAccount = accountZero.derive(0)
+    internalAccount = accountZero.derive(1)
+
+    me.addresses = []
+    me.changeAddresses = []
+
+    me.unspents = []
+    me.unspentMap = {}
+  }
+
+  this.getMasterKey = function () {
+    return masterKey
+  }
+  this.getAccountZero = function () {
+    return accountZero
+  }
+  this.getExternalAccount = function () {
+    return externalAccount
+  }
+  this.getInternalAccount = function () {
+    return internalAccount
+  }
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.createTransaction = function (to, value, options) {
+  // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+  if (typeof options !== 'object') {
+    if (options !== undefined) {
+      console.warn('Non options object parameters are deprecated, use options object instead')
+
+      options = {
+        fixedFee: arguments[2],
+        changeAddress: arguments[3]
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  options = options || {}
+
+  assert(value > this.network.dustThreshold, value + ' must be above dust threshold (' + this.network.dustThreshold + ' Satoshis)')
+
+  var changeAddress = options.changeAddress
+  var fixedFee = options.fixedFee
+  var minConf = options.minConf === undefined ? 0 : options.minConf // FIXME: change minConf:1 by default in 2.0.0
+
+  // filter by minConf, then pending and sort by descending value
+  var unspents = this.unspents.filter(function (unspent) {
+    return unspent.confirmations >= minConf
+  }).filter(function (unspent) {
+    return !unspent.pending
+  }).sort(function (o1, o2) {
+    return o2.value - o1.value
+  })
+
+  var accum = 0
+  var addresses = []
+  var subTotal = value
+
+  var txb = new TransactionBuilder()
+  txb.addOutput(to, value)
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < unspents.length; ++i) {
+    var unspent = unspents[i]
+    addresses.push(unspent.address)
+
+    txb.addInput(unspent.txHash, unspent.index)
+
+    var fee = fixedFee === undefined ? estimatePaddedFee(txb.buildIncomplete(), this.network) : fixedFee
+
+    accum += unspent.value
+    subTotal = value + fee
+
+    if (accum >= subTotal) {
+      var change = accum - subTotal
+
+      if (change > this.network.dustThreshold) {
+        txb.addOutput(changeAddress || this.getChangeAddress(), change)
+      }
+
+      break
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(accum >= subTotal, 'Not enough funds (incl. fee): ' + accum + ' < ' + subTotal)
+
+  return this.signWith(txb, addresses).build()
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+Wallet.prototype.processPendingTx = function (tx) {
+  this.__processTx(tx, true)
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+Wallet.prototype.processConfirmedTx = function (tx) {
+  this.__processTx(tx, false)
+}
+
+// FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+Wallet.prototype.__processTx = function (tx, isPending) {
+  console.warn('processTransaction is considered harmful, see issue #260 for more information')
+
+  var txId = tx.getId()
+  var txHash = tx.getHash()
+
+  tx.outs.forEach(function (txOut, i) {
+    var address
+
+    try {
+      address = Address.fromOutputScript(txOut.script, this.network).toString()
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (!(e.message.match(/has no matching Address/)))
+        throw e
+    }
+
+    var myAddresses = this.addresses.concat(this.changeAddresses)
+    if (myAddresses.indexOf(address) > -1) {
+      var lookup = txId + ':' + i
+      if (lookup in this.unspentMap) return
+
+      // its unique, add it
+      var unspent = {
+        address: address,
+        confirmations: 0, // no way to determine this without more information
+        index: i,
+        txHash: txHash,
+        txId: txId,
+        value: txOut.value,
+        pending: isPending
+      }
+
+      this.unspentMap[lookup] = unspent
+      this.unspents.push(unspent)
+    }
+  }, this)
+
+  tx.ins.forEach(function (txIn) {
+    // copy and convert to big-endian hex
+    var txInId = bufferutils.reverse(txIn.hash).toString('hex')
+
+    var lookup = txInId + ':' + txIn.index
+    if (!(lookup in this.unspentMap)) return
+
+    var unspent = this.unspentMap[lookup]
+
+    if (isPending) {
+      unspent.pending = true
+      unspent.spent = true
+    } else {
+      delete this.unspentMap[lookup]
+
+      this.unspents = this.unspents.filter(function (unspent2) {
+        return unspent !== unspent2
+      })
+    }
+  }, this)
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.generateAddress = function () {
+  var k = this.addresses.length
+  var address = this.getExternalAccount().derive(k).getAddress()
+
+  this.addresses.push(address.toString())
+
+  return this.getReceiveAddress()
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.generateChangeAddress = function () {
+  var k = this.changeAddresses.length
+  var address = this.getInternalAccount().derive(k).getAddress()
+
+  this.changeAddresses.push(address.toString())
+
+  return this.getChangeAddress()
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.getAddress = function () {
+  if (this.addresses.length === 0) {
+    this.generateAddress()
+  }
+
+  return this.addresses[this.addresses.length - 1]
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.getBalance = function (minConf) {
+  minConf = minConf || 0
+
+  return this.unspents.filter(function (unspent) {
+    return unspent.confirmations >= minConf
+
+      // FIXME: remove spent filter in 2.0.0
+  }).filter(function (unspent) {
+    return !unspent.spent
+  }).reduce(function (accum, unspent) {
+    return accum + unspent.value
+  }, 0)
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.getChangeAddress = function () {
+  if (this.changeAddresses.length === 0) {
+    this.generateChangeAddress()
+  }
+
+  return this.changeAddresses[this.changeAddresses.length - 1]
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.getInternalPrivateKey = function (index) {
+  return this.getInternalAccount().derive(index).privKey
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.getPrivateKey = function (index) {
+  return this.getExternalAccount().derive(index).privKey
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.getPrivateKeyForAddress = function (address) {
+  var index
+
+  if ((index = this.addresses.indexOf(address)) > -1) {
+    return this.getPrivateKey(index)
+  }
+
+  if ((index = this.changeAddresses.indexOf(address)) > -1) {
+    return this.getInternalPrivateKey(index)
+  }
+
+  assert(false, 'Unknown address. Make sure the address is from the keychain and has been generated')
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.getUnspentOutputs = function (minConf) {
+  minConf = minConf || 0
+
+  return this.unspents.filter(function (unspent) {
+    return unspent.confirmations >= minConf
+
+      // FIXME: remove spent filter in 2.0.0
+  }).filter(function (unspent) {
+    return !unspent.spent
+  }).map(function (unspent) {
+    return {
+      address: unspent.address,
+      confirmations: unspent.confirmations,
+      index: unspent.index,
+      txId: unspent.txId,
+      value: unspent.value,
+
+      // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+      hash: unspent.txId,
+      pending: unspent.pending
+    }
+  })
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.setUnspentOutputs = function (unspents) {
+  this.unspentMap = {}
+  this.unspents = unspents.map(function (unspent) {
+    // FIXME: remove unspent.hash in 2.0.0
+    var txId = unspent.txId || unspent.hash
+    var index = unspent.index
+
+    // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+    if (unspent.hash !== undefined) {
+      console.warn('unspent.hash is deprecated, use unspent.txId instead')
+    }
+
+    // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+    if (index === undefined) {
+      console.warn('unspent.outputIndex is deprecated, use unspent.index instead')
+      index = unspent.outputIndex
+    }
+
+    typeForce('String', txId)
+    typeForce('Number', index)
+    typeForce('Number', unspent.value)
+
+    assert.equal(txId.length, 64, 'Expected valid txId, got ' + txId)
+    assert.doesNotThrow(function () {
+      Address.fromBase58Check(unspent.address)
+    }, 'Expected Base58 Address, got ' + unspent.address)
+    assert(isFinite(index), 'Expected finite index, got ' + index)
+
+    // FIXME: remove branch in 2.0.0
+    if (unspent.confirmations !== undefined) {
+      typeForce('Number', unspent.confirmations)
+    }
+
+    var txHash = bufferutils.reverse(new Buffer(txId, 'hex'))
+
+    unspent = {
+      address: unspent.address,
+      confirmations: unspent.confirmations || 0,
+      index: index,
+      txHash: txHash,
+      txId: txId,
+      value: unspent.value,
+
+      // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+      pending: unspent.pending || false
+    }
+
+    // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
+    this.unspentMap[txId + ':' + index] = unspent
+
+    return unspent
+  }, this)
+}
+
+Wallet.prototype.signWith = function (tx, addresses) {
+  addresses.forEach(function (address, i) {
+    var privKey = this.getPrivateKeyForAddress(address)
+
+    tx.sign(i, privKey)
+  }, this)
+
+  return tx
+}
+
+function estimatePaddedFee (tx, network) {
+  var tmpTx = tx.clone()
+  tmpTx.addOutput(Script.EMPTY, network.dustSoftThreshold || 0)
+
+  return network.estimateFee(tmpTx)
+}
+
+// FIXME: 1.0.0 shims, remove in 2.0.0
+Wallet.prototype.getReceiveAddress = Wallet.prototype.getAddress
+Wallet.prototype.createTx = Wallet.prototype.createTransaction
+
+module.exports = Wallet
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./address":54,"./bufferutils":57,"./hdnode":63,"./networks":66,"./script":68,"./transaction_builder":71,"assert":5,"buffer":7,"randombytes":52,"typeforce":53}]},{},[64])(64)
+});</script>
+        <script>bitcoin.networks.shadow = {
+  magicPrefix: '\x19ShadowCash Signed Message:\n',
+  bip32: {
+    public: 0xEE80286A,
+    private: 0xEE8031E8
+  },
+  pubKeyHash: 0x3f,
+  scriptHash: 0x7d,
+  wif: 0xbf,
+  dustThreshold: 0,
+  feePerKb: 1000,
+  estimateFee: function() { return "unused in this app" },
+};
+
+bitcoin.networks.shadowtn = {
+  magicPrefix: '\x19ShadowCash Signed Message:\n',
+  bip32: {
+    public: 0x76C0FDFB,
+    private: 0x76C1077A
+  },
+  pubKeyHash: 0x7f,
+  scriptHash: 0xc4,
+  wif: 0xff,
+  dustThreshold: 0,
+  feePerKb: 1000,
+  estimateFee: function() { return "unused in this app" },
+};
+
+bitcoin.networks.clam = {
+  bip32: {
+    public: 0xa8c26d64,
+    private: 0xa8c17826
+  },
+  pubKeyHash: 0x89,
+  wif: 0x85,
+};
+
+bitcoin.networks.dash = {
+  bip32: {
+    public: 0x0488b21e,
+    private: 0x0488ade4
+  },
+  pubKeyHash: 0x4c,
+  scriptHash: 0x10,
+  wif: 0xcc,
+};
+
+bitcoin.networks.namecoin = {
+  bip32: {
+    public: 0x0488b21e,
+    private: 0x0488ade4
+  },
+  pubKeyHash: 0x34,
+  //scriptHash: 0x10,
+  wif: 0x80,
+};
+
+bitcoin.networks.peercoin = {
+  bip32: {
+    public: 0x0488b21e,
+    private: 0x0488ade4
+  },
+  pubKeyHash: 0x37,
+  //scriptHash: 0x10,
+  wif: 0xb7,
+};
+
+</script>
+        <script>(function(f){if(typeof exports==="object"&&typeof module!=="undefined"){module.exports=f()}else if(typeof define==="function"&&define.amd){define([],f)}else{var g;if(typeof window!=="undefined"){g=window}else if(typeof global!=="undefined"){g=global}else if(typeof self!=="undefined"){g=self}else{g=this}g.ethUtil = f()}})(function(){var define,module,exports;return (function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);var f=new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'");throw f.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",f}var l=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},l,l.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (global){
+'use strict';
+
+// compare and isBuffer taken from https://github.com/feross/buffer/blob/680e9e5e488f22aac27599a57dc844a6315928dd/index.js
+// original notice:
+
+/*!
+ * The buffer module from node.js, for the browser.
+ *
+ * @author   Feross Aboukhadijeh <feross@feross.org> <http://feross.org>
+ * @license  MIT
+ */
+function compare(a, b) {
+  if (a === b) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  var x = a.length;
+  var y = b.length;
+
+  for (var i = 0, len = Math.min(x, y); i < len; ++i) {
+    if (a[i] !== b[i]) {
+      x = a[i];
+      y = b[i];
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (x < y) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+  if (y < x) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+function isBuffer(b) {
+  if (global.Buffer && typeof global.Buffer.isBuffer === 'function') {
+    return global.Buffer.isBuffer(b);
+  }
+  return !!(b != null && b._isBuffer);
+}
+
+// based on node assert, original notice:
+
+// http://wiki.commonjs.org/wiki/Unit_Testing/1.0
+//
+// THIS IS NOT TESTED NOR LIKELY TO WORK OUTSIDE V8!
+//
+// Originally from narwhal.js (http://narwhaljs.org)
+// Copyright (c) 2009 Thomas Robinson <280north.com>
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to
+// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+// ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+var util = require('util/');
+var hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
+var pSlice = Array.prototype.slice;
+var functionsHaveNames = (function () {
+  return function foo() {}.name === 'foo';
+}());
+function pToString (obj) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(obj);
+}
+function isView(arrbuf) {
+  if (isBuffer(arrbuf)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (typeof global.ArrayBuffer !== 'function') {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (typeof ArrayBuffer.isView === 'function') {
+    return ArrayBuffer.isView(arrbuf);
+  }
+  if (!arrbuf) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (arrbuf instanceof DataView) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (arrbuf.buffer && arrbuf.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+// 1. The assert module provides functions that throw
+// AssertionError's when particular conditions are not met. The
+// assert module must conform to the following interface.
+
+var assert = module.exports = ok;
+
+// 2. The AssertionError is defined in assert.
+// new assert.AssertionError({ message: message,
+//                             actual: actual,
+//                             expected: expected })
+
+var regex = /\s*function\s+([^\(\s]*)\s*/;
+// based on https://github.com/ljharb/function.prototype.name/blob/adeeeec8bfcc6068b187d7d9fb3d5bb1d3a30899/implementation.js
+function getName(func) {
+  if (!util.isFunction(func)) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (functionsHaveNames) {
+    return func.name;
+  }
+  var str = func.toString();
+  var match = str.match(regex);
+  return match && match[1];
+}
+assert.AssertionError = function AssertionError(options) {
+  this.name = 'AssertionError';
+  this.actual = options.actual;
+  this.expected = options.expected;
+  this.operator = options.operator;
+  if (options.message) {
+    this.message = options.message;
+    this.generatedMessage = false;
+  } else {
+    this.message = getMessage(this);
+    this.generatedMessage = true;
+  }
+  var stackStartFunction = options.stackStartFunction || fail;
+  if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
+    Error.captureStackTrace(this, stackStartFunction);
+  } else {
+    // non v8 browsers so we can have a stacktrace
+    var err = new Error();
+    if (err.stack) {
+      var out = err.stack;
+
+      // try to strip useless frames
+      var fn_name = getName(stackStartFunction);
+      var idx = out.indexOf('\n' + fn_name);
+      if (idx >= 0) {
+        // once we have located the function frame
+        // we need to strip out everything before it (and its line)
+        var next_line = out.indexOf('\n', idx + 1);
+        out = out.substring(next_line + 1);
+      }
+
+      this.stack = out;
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// assert.AssertionError instanceof Error
+util.inherits(assert.AssertionError, Error);
+
+function truncate(s, n) {
+  if (typeof s === 'string') {
+    return s.length < n ? s : s.slice(0, n);
+  } else {
+    return s;
+  }
+}
+function inspect(something) {
+  if (functionsHaveNames || !util.isFunction(something)) {
+    return util.inspect(something);
+  }
+  var rawname = getName(something);
+  var name = rawname ? ': ' + rawname : '';
+  return '[Function' +  name + ']';
+}
+function getMessage(self) {
+  return truncate(inspect(self.actual), 128) + ' ' +
+         self.operator + ' ' +
+         truncate(inspect(self.expected), 128);
+}
+
+// At present only the three keys mentioned above are used and
+// understood by the spec. Implementations or sub modules can pass
+// other keys to the AssertionError's constructor - they will be
+// ignored.
+
+// 3. All of the following functions must throw an AssertionError
+// when a corresponding condition is not met, with a message that
+// may be undefined if not provided.  All assertion methods provide
+// both the actual and expected values to the assertion error for
+// display purposes.
+
+function fail(actual, expected, message, operator, stackStartFunction) {
+  throw new assert.AssertionError({
+    message: message,
+    actual: actual,
+    expected: expected,
+    operator: operator,
+    stackStartFunction: stackStartFunction
+  });
+}
+
+// EXTENSION! allows for well behaved errors defined elsewhere.
+assert.fail = fail;
+
+// 4. Pure assertion tests whether a value is truthy, as determined
+// by !!guard.
+// assert.ok(guard, message_opt);
+// This statement is equivalent to assert.equal(true, !!guard,
+// message_opt);. To test strictly for the value true, use
+// assert.strictEqual(true, guard, message_opt);.
+
+function ok(value, message) {
+  if (!value) fail(value, true, message, '==', assert.ok);
+}
+assert.ok = ok;
+
+// 5. The equality assertion tests shallow, coercive equality with
+// ==.
+// assert.equal(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.equal = function equal(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual != expected) fail(actual, expected, message, '==', assert.equal);
+};
+
+// 6. The non-equality assertion tests for whether two objects are not equal
+// with != assert.notEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notEqual = function notEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual == expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '!=', assert.notEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+// 7. The equivalence assertion tests a deep equality relation.
+// assert.deepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.deepEqual = function deepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (!_deepEqual(actual, expected, false)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, 'deepEqual', assert.deepEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+assert.deepStrictEqual = function deepStrictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (!_deepEqual(actual, expected, true)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, 'deepStrictEqual', assert.deepStrictEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+function _deepEqual(actual, expected, strict, memos) {
+  // 7.1. All identical values are equivalent, as determined by ===.
+  if (actual === expected) {
+    return true;
+  } else if (isBuffer(actual) && isBuffer(expected)) {
+    return compare(actual, expected) === 0;
+
+  // 7.2. If the expected value is a Date object, the actual value is
+  // equivalent if it is also a Date object that refers to the same time.
+  } else if (util.isDate(actual) && util.isDate(expected)) {
+    return actual.getTime() === expected.getTime();
+
+  // 7.3 If the expected value is a RegExp object, the actual value is
+  // equivalent if it is also a RegExp object with the same source and
+  // properties (`global`, `multiline`, `lastIndex`, `ignoreCase`).
+  } else if (util.isRegExp(actual) && util.isRegExp(expected)) {
+    return actual.source === expected.source &&
+           actual.global === expected.global &&
+           actual.multiline === expected.multiline &&
+           actual.lastIndex === expected.lastIndex &&
+           actual.ignoreCase === expected.ignoreCase;
+
+  // 7.4. Other pairs that do not both pass typeof value == 'object',
+  // equivalence is determined by ==.
+  } else if ((actual === null || typeof actual !== 'object') &&
+             (expected === null || typeof expected !== 'object')) {
+    return strict ? actual === expected : actual == expected;
+
+  // If both values are instances of typed arrays, wrap their underlying
+  // ArrayBuffers in a Buffer each to increase performance
+  // This optimization requires the arrays to have the same type as checked by
+  // Object.prototype.toString (aka pToString). Never perform binary
+  // comparisons for Float*Arrays, though, since e.g. +0 === -0 but their
+  // bit patterns are not identical.
+  } else if (isView(actual) && isView(expected) &&
+             pToString(actual) === pToString(expected) &&
+             !(actual instanceof Float32Array ||
+               actual instanceof Float64Array)) {
+    return compare(new Uint8Array(actual.buffer),
+                   new Uint8Array(expected.buffer)) === 0;
+
+  // 7.5 For all other Object pairs, including Array objects, equivalence is
+  // determined by having the same number of owned properties (as verified
+  // with Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call), the same set of keys
+  // (although not necessarily the same order), equivalent values for every
+  // corresponding key, and an identical 'prototype' property. Note: this
+  // accounts for both named and indexed properties on Arrays.
+  } else if (isBuffer(actual) !== isBuffer(expected)) {
+    return false;
+  } else {
+    memos = memos || {actual: [], expected: []};
+
+    var actualIndex = memos.actual.indexOf(actual);
+    if (actualIndex !== -1) {
+      if (actualIndex === memos.expected.indexOf(expected)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    memos.actual.push(actual);
+    memos.expected.push(expected);
+
+    return objEquiv(actual, expected, strict, memos);
+  }
+}
+
+function isArguments(object) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(object) == '[object Arguments]';
+}
+
+function objEquiv(a, b, strict, actualVisitedObjects) {
+  if (a === null || a === undefined || b === null || b === undefined)
+    return false;
+  // if one is a primitive, the other must be same
+  if (util.isPrimitive(a) || util.isPrimitive(b))
+    return a === b;
+  if (strict && Object.getPrototypeOf(a) !== Object.getPrototypeOf(b))
+    return false;
+  var aIsArgs = isArguments(a);
+  var bIsArgs = isArguments(b);
+  if ((aIsArgs && !bIsArgs) || (!aIsArgs && bIsArgs))
+    return false;
+  if (aIsArgs) {
+    a = pSlice.call(a);
+    b = pSlice.call(b);
+    return _deepEqual(a, b, strict);
+  }
+  var ka = objectKeys(a);
+  var kb = objectKeys(b);
+  var key, i;
+  // having the same number of owned properties (keys incorporates
+  // hasOwnProperty)
+  if (ka.length !== kb.length)
+    return false;
+  //the same set of keys (although not necessarily the same order),
+  ka.sort();
+  kb.sort();
+  //~~~cheap key test
+  for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    if (ka[i] !== kb[i])
+      return false;
+  }
+  //equivalent values for every corresponding key, and
+  //~~~possibly expensive deep test
+  for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    key = ka[i];
+    if (!_deepEqual(a[key], b[key], strict, actualVisitedObjects))
+      return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// 8. The non-equivalence assertion tests for any deep inequality.
+// assert.notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notDeepEqual = function notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (_deepEqual(actual, expected, false)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, 'notDeepEqual', assert.notDeepEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+assert.notDeepStrictEqual = notDeepStrictEqual;
+function notDeepStrictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (_deepEqual(actual, expected, true)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, 'notDeepStrictEqual', notDeepStrictEqual);
+  }
+}
+
+
+// 9. The strict equality assertion tests strict equality, as determined by ===.
+// assert.strictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.strictEqual = function strictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual !== expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '===', assert.strictEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+// 10. The strict non-equality assertion tests for strict inequality, as
+// determined by !==.  assert.notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notStrictEqual = function notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual === expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '!==', assert.notStrictEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+function expectedException(actual, expected) {
+  if (!actual || !expected) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (Object.prototype.toString.call(expected) == '[object RegExp]') {
+    return expected.test(actual);
+  }
+
+  try {
+    if (actual instanceof expected) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  } catch (e) {
+    // Ignore.  The instanceof check doesn't work for arrow functions.
+  }
+
+  if (Error.isPrototypeOf(expected)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return expected.call({}, actual) === true;
+}
+
+function _tryBlock(block) {
+  var error;
+  try {
+    block();
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e;
+  }
+  return error;
+}
+
+function _throws(shouldThrow, block, expected, message) {
+  var actual;
+
+  if (typeof block !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('"block" argument must be a function');
+  }
+
+  if (typeof expected === 'string') {
+    message = expected;
+    expected = null;
+  }
+
+  actual = _tryBlock(block);
+
+  message = (expected && expected.name ? ' (' + expected.name + ').' : '.') +
+            (message ? ' ' + message : '.');
+
+  if (shouldThrow && !actual) {
+    fail(actual, expected, 'Missing expected exception' + message);
+  }
+
+  var userProvidedMessage = typeof message === 'string';
+  var isUnwantedException = !shouldThrow && util.isError(actual);
+  var isUnexpectedException = !shouldThrow && actual && !expected;
+
+  if ((isUnwantedException &&
+      userProvidedMessage &&
+      expectedException(actual, expected)) ||
+      isUnexpectedException) {
+    fail(actual, expected, 'Got unwanted exception' + message);
+  }
+
+  if ((shouldThrow && actual && expected &&
+      !expectedException(actual, expected)) || (!shouldThrow && actual)) {
+    throw actual;
+  }
+}
+
+// 11. Expected to throw an error:
+// assert.throws(block, Error_opt, message_opt);
+
+assert.throws = function(block, /*optional*/error, /*optional*/message) {
+  _throws(true, block, error, message);
+};
+
+// EXTENSION! This is annoying to write outside this module.
+assert.doesNotThrow = function(block, /*optional*/error, /*optional*/message) {
+  _throws(false, block, error, message);
+};
+
+assert.ifError = function(err) { if (err) throw err; };
+
+var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
+  var keys = [];
+  for (var key in obj) {
+    if (hasOwn.call(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
+  }
+  return keys;
+};
+
+}).call(this,typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
+},{"util/":30}],2:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict'
+
+exports.byteLength = byteLength
+exports.toByteArray = toByteArray
+exports.fromByteArray = fromByteArray
+
+var lookup = []
+var revLookup = []
+var Arr = typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined' ? Uint8Array : Array
+
+var code = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'
+for (var i = 0, len = code.length; i < len; ++i) {
+  lookup[i] = code[i]
+  revLookup[code.charCodeAt(i)] = i
+}
+
+revLookup['-'.charCodeAt(0)] = 62
+revLookup['_'.charCodeAt(0)] = 63
+
+function placeHoldersCount (b64) {
+  var len = b64.length
+  if (len % 4 > 0) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid string. Length must be a multiple of 4')
+  }
+
+  // the number of equal signs (place holders)
+  // if there are two placeholders, than the two characters before it
+  // represent one byte
+  // if there is only one, then the three characters before it represent 2 bytes
+  // this is just a cheap hack to not do indexOf twice
+  return b64[len - 2] === '=' ? 2 : b64[len - 1] === '=' ? 1 : 0
+}
+
+function byteLength (b64) {
+  // base64 is 4/3 + up to two characters of the original data
+  return b64.length * 3 / 4 - placeHoldersCount(b64)
+}
+
+function toByteArray (b64) {
+  var i, j, l, tmp, placeHolders, arr
+  var len = b64.length
+  placeHolders = placeHoldersCount(b64)
+
+  arr = new Arr(len * 3 / 4 - placeHolders)
+
+  // if there are placeholders, only get up to the last complete 4 chars
+  l = placeHolders > 0 ? len - 4 : len
+
+  var L = 0
+
+  for (i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i += 4, j += 3) {
+    tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 18) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 12) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] << 6) | revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 3)]
+    arr[L++] = (tmp >> 16) & 0xFF
+    arr[L++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF
+    arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF
+  }
+
+  if (placeHolders === 2) {
+    tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 2) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] >> 4)
+    arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF
+  } else if (placeHolders === 1) {
+    tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 10) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 4) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] >> 2)
+    arr[L++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF
+    arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF
+  }
+
+  return arr
+}
+
+function tripletToBase64 (num) {
+  return lookup[num >> 18 & 0x3F] + lookup[num >> 12 & 0x3F] + lookup[num >> 6 & 0x3F] + lookup[num & 0x3F]
+}
+
+function encodeChunk (uint8, start, end) {
+  var tmp
+  var output = []
+  for (var i = start; i < end; i += 3) {
+    tmp = (uint8[i] << 16) + (uint8[i + 1] << 8) + (uint8[i + 2])
+    output.push(tripletToBase64(tmp))
+  }
+  return output.join('')
+}
+
+function fromByteArray (uint8) {
+  var tmp
+  var len = uint8.length
+  var extraBytes = len % 3 // if we have 1 byte left, pad 2 bytes
+  var output = ''
+  var parts = []
+  var maxChunkLength = 16383 // must be multiple of 3
+
+  // go through the array every three bytes, we'll deal with trailing stuff later
+  for (var i = 0, len2 = len - extraBytes; i < len2; i += maxChunkLength) {
+    parts.push(encodeChunk(uint8, i, (i + maxChunkLength) > len2 ? len2 : (i + maxChunkLength)))
+  }
+
+  // pad the end with zeros, but make sure to not forget the extra bytes
+  if (extraBytes === 1) {
+    tmp = uint8[len - 1]
+    output += lookup[tmp >> 2]
+    output += lookup[(tmp << 4) & 0x3F]
+    output += '=='
+  } else if (extraBytes === 2) {
+    tmp = (uint8[len - 2] << 8) + (uint8[len - 1])
+    output += lookup[tmp >> 10]
+    output += lookup[(tmp >> 4) & 0x3F]
+    output += lookup[(tmp << 2) & 0x3F]
+    output += '='
+  }
+
+  parts.push(output)
+
+  return parts.join('')
+}
+
+},{}],3:[function(require,module,exports){
+
+},{}],4:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (global){
+'use strict';
+
+var buffer = require('buffer');
+var Buffer = buffer.Buffer;
+var SlowBuffer = buffer.SlowBuffer;
+var MAX_LEN = buffer.kMaxLength || 2147483647;
+exports.alloc = function alloc(size, fill, encoding) {
+  if (typeof Buffer.alloc === 'function') {
+    return Buffer.alloc(size, fill, encoding);
+  }
+  if (typeof encoding === 'number') {
+    throw new TypeError('encoding must not be number');
+  }
+  if (typeof size !== 'number') {
+    throw new TypeError('size must be a number');
+  }
+  if (size > MAX_LEN) {
+    throw new RangeError('size is too large');
+  }
+  var enc = encoding;
+  var _fill = fill;
+  if (_fill === undefined) {
+    enc = undefined;
+    _fill = 0;
+  }
+  var buf = new Buffer(size);
+  if (typeof _fill === 'string') {
+    var fillBuf = new Buffer(_fill, enc);
+    var flen = fillBuf.length;
+    var i = -1;
+    while (++i < size) {
+      buf[i] = fillBuf[i % flen];
+    }
+  } else {
+    buf.fill(_fill);
+  }
+  return buf;
+}
+exports.allocUnsafe = function allocUnsafe(size) {
+  if (typeof Buffer.allocUnsafe === 'function') {
+    return Buffer.allocUnsafe(size);
+  }
+  if (typeof size !== 'number') {
+    throw new TypeError('size must be a number');
+  }
+  if (size > MAX_LEN) {
+    throw new RangeError('size is too large');
+  }
+  return new Buffer(size);
+}
+exports.from = function from(value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
+  if (typeof Buffer.from === 'function' && (!global.Uint8Array || Uint8Array.from !== Buffer.from)) {
+    return Buffer.from(value, encodingOrOffset, length);
+  }
+  if (typeof value === 'number') {
+    throw new TypeError('"value" argument must not be a number');
+  }
+  if (typeof value === 'string') {
+    return new Buffer(value, encodingOrOffset);
+  }
+  if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && value instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+    var offset = encodingOrOffset;
+    if (arguments.length === 1) {
+      return new Buffer(value);
+    }
+    if (typeof offset === 'undefined') {
+      offset = 0;
+    }
+    var len = length;
+    if (typeof len === 'undefined') {
+      len = value.byteLength - offset;
+    }
+    if (offset >= value.byteLength) {
+      throw new RangeError('\'offset\' is out of bounds');
+    }
+    if (len > value.byteLength - offset) {
+      throw new RangeError('\'length\' is out of bounds');
+    }
+    return new Buffer(value.slice(offset, offset + len));
+  }
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(value)) {
+    var out = new Buffer(value.length);
+    value.copy(out, 0, 0, value.length);
+    return out;
+  }
+  if (value) {
+    if (Array.isArray(value) || (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && value.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) || 'length' in value) {
+      return new Buffer(value);
+    }
+    if (value.type === 'Buffer' && Array.isArray(value.data)) {
+      return new Buffer(value.data);
+    }
+  }
+
+  throw new TypeError('First argument must be a string, Buffer, ' + 'ArrayBuffer, Array, or array-like object.');
+}
+exports.allocUnsafeSlow = function allocUnsafeSlow(size) {
+  if (typeof Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow === 'function') {
+    return Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow(size);
+  }
+  if (typeof size !== 'number') {
+    throw new TypeError('size must be a number');
+  }
+  if (size >= MAX_LEN) {
+    throw new RangeError('size is too large');
+  }
+  return new SlowBuffer(size);
+}
+
+}).call(this,typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
+},{"buffer":5}],5:[function(require,module,exports){
+/*!
+ * The buffer module from node.js, for the browser.
+ *
+ * @author   Feross Aboukhadijeh <feross@feross.org> <http://feross.org>
+ * @license  MIT
+ */
+/* eslint-disable no-proto */
+
+'use strict'
+
+var base64 = require('base64-js')
+var ieee754 = require('ieee754')
+
+exports.Buffer = Buffer
+exports.SlowBuffer = SlowBuffer
+exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50
+
+var K_MAX_LENGTH = 0x7fffffff
+exports.kMaxLength = K_MAX_LENGTH
+
+/**
+ * If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
+ *   === true    Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
+ *   === false   Print warning and recommend using `buffer` v4.x which has an Object
+ *               implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
+ *
+ * Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
+ * Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
+ *
+ * We report that the browser does not support typed arrays if the are not subclassable
+ * using __proto__. Firefox 4-29 lacks support for adding new properties to `Uint8Array`
+ * (See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438). IE 10 lacks support
+ * for __proto__ and has a buggy typed array implementation.
+ */
+Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT = typedArraySupport()
+
+if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && typeof console !== 'undefined' &&
+    typeof console.error === 'function') {
+  console.error(
+    'This browser lacks typed array (Uint8Array) support which is required by ' +
+    '`buffer` v5.x. Use `buffer` v4.x if you require old browser support.'
+  )
+}
+
+function typedArraySupport () {
+  // Can typed array instances can be augmented?
+  try {
+    var arr = new Uint8Array(1)
+    arr.__proto__ = {__proto__: Uint8Array.prototype, foo: function () { return 42 }}
+    return arr.foo() === 42
+  } catch (e) {
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+function createBuffer (length) {
+  if (length > K_MAX_LENGTH) {
+    throw new RangeError('Invalid typed array length')
+  }
+  // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance
+  var buf = new Uint8Array(length)
+  buf.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype
+  return buf
+}
+
+/**
+ * The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that have their
+ * prototype changed to `Buffer.prototype`. Furthermore, `Buffer` is a subclass of
+ * `Uint8Array`, so the returned instances will have all the node `Buffer` methods
+ * and the `Uint8Array` methods. Square bracket notation works as expected -- it
+ * returns a single octet.
+ *
+ * The `Uint8Array` prototype remains unmodified.
+ */
+
+function Buffer (arg, encodingOrOffset, length) {
+  // Common case.
+  if (typeof arg === 'number') {
+    if (typeof encodingOrOffset === 'string') {
+      throw new Error(
+        'If encoding is specified then the first argument must be a string'
+      )
+    }
+    return allocUnsafe(arg)
+  }
+  return from(arg, encodingOrOffset, length)
+}
+
+// Fix subarray() in ES2016. See: https://github.com/feross/buffer/pull/97
+if (typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' && Symbol.species &&
+    Buffer[Symbol.species] === Buffer) {
+  Object.defineProperty(Buffer, Symbol.species, {
+    value: null,
+    configurable: true,
+    enumerable: false,
+    writable: false
+  })
+}
+
+Buffer.poolSize = 8192 // not used by this implementation
+
+function from (value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
+  if (typeof value === 'number') {
+    throw new TypeError('"value" argument must not be a number')
+  }
+
+  if (value instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+    return fromArrayBuffer(value, encodingOrOffset, length)
+  }
+
+  if (typeof value === 'string') {
+    return fromString(value, encodingOrOffset)
+  }
+
+  return fromObject(value)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Functionally equivalent to Buffer(arg, encoding) but throws a TypeError
+ * if value is a number.
+ * Buffer.from(str[, encoding])
+ * Buffer.from(array)
+ * Buffer.from(buffer)
+ * Buffer.from(arrayBuffer[, byteOffset[, length]])
+ **/
+Buffer.from = function (value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
+  return from(value, encodingOrOffset, length)
+}
+
+// Note: Change prototype *after* Buffer.from is defined to workaround Chrome bug:
+// https://github.com/feross/buffer/pull/148
+Buffer.prototype.__proto__ = Uint8Array.prototype
+Buffer.__proto__ = Uint8Array
+
+function assertSize (size) {
+  if (typeof size !== 'number') {
+    throw new TypeError('"size" argument must be a number')
+  } else if (size < 0) {
+    throw new RangeError('"size" argument must not be negative')
+  }
+}
+
+function alloc (size, fill, encoding) {
+  assertSize(size)
+  if (size <= 0) {
+    return createBuffer(size)
+  }
+  if (fill !== undefined) {
+    // Only pay attention to encoding if it's a string. This
+    // prevents accidentally sending in a number that would
+    // be interpretted as a start offset.
+    return typeof encoding === 'string'
+      ? createBuffer(size).fill(fill, encoding)
+      : createBuffer(size).fill(fill)
+  }
+  return createBuffer(size)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a new filled Buffer instance.
+ * alloc(size[, fill[, encoding]])
+ **/
+Buffer.alloc = function (size, fill, encoding) {
+  return alloc(size, fill, encoding)
+}
+
+function allocUnsafe (size) {
+  assertSize(size)
+  return createBuffer(size < 0 ? 0 : checked(size) | 0)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Equivalent to Buffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
+ * */
+Buffer.allocUnsafe = function (size) {
+  return allocUnsafe(size)
+}
+/**
+ * Equivalent to SlowBuffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
+ */
+Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow = function (size) {
+  return allocUnsafe(size)
+}
+
+function fromString (string, encoding) {
+  if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') {
+    encoding = 'utf8'
+  }
+
+  if (!Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
+    throw new TypeError('"encoding" must be a valid string encoding')
+  }
+
+  var length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0
+  var buf = createBuffer(length)
+
+  var actual = buf.write(string, encoding)
+
+  if (actual !== length) {
+    // Writing a hex string, for example, that contains invalid characters will
+    // cause everything after the first invalid character to be ignored. (e.g.
+    // 'abxxcd' will be treated as 'ab')
+    buf = buf.slice(0, actual)
+  }
+
+  return buf
+}
+
+function fromArrayLike (array) {
+  var length = array.length < 0 ? 0 : checked(array.length) | 0
+  var buf = createBuffer(length)
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+    buf[i] = array[i] & 255
+  }
+  return buf
+}
+
+function fromArrayBuffer (array, byteOffset, length) {
+  if (byteOffset < 0 || array.byteLength < byteOffset) {
+    throw new RangeError('\'offset\' is out of bounds')
+  }
+
+  if (array.byteLength < byteOffset + (length || 0)) {
+    throw new RangeError('\'length\' is out of bounds')
+  }
+
+  var buf
+  if (byteOffset === undefined && length === undefined) {
+    buf = new Uint8Array(array)
+  } else if (length === undefined) {
+    buf = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset)
+  } else {
+    buf = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset, length)
+  }
+
+  // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance
+  buf.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype
+  return buf
+}
+
+function fromObject (obj) {
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(obj)) {
+    var len = checked(obj.length) | 0
+    var buf = createBuffer(len)
+
+    if (buf.length === 0) {
+      return buf
+    }
+
+    obj.copy(buf, 0, 0, len)
+    return buf
+  }
+
+  if (obj) {
+    if (ArrayBuffer.isView(obj) || 'length' in obj) {
+      if (typeof obj.length !== 'number' || isnan(obj.length)) {
+        return createBuffer(0)
+      }
+      return fromArrayLike(obj)
+    }
+
+    if (obj.type === 'Buffer' && Array.isArray(obj.data)) {
+      return fromArrayLike(obj.data)
+    }
+  }
+
+  throw new TypeError('First argument must be a string, Buffer, ArrayBuffer, Array, or array-like object.')
+}
+
+function checked (length) {
+  // Note: cannot use `length < K_MAX_LENGTH` here because that fails when
+  // length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
+  if (length >= K_MAX_LENGTH) {
+    throw new RangeError('Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
+                         'size: 0x' + K_MAX_LENGTH.toString(16) + ' bytes')
+  }
+  return length | 0
+}
+
+function SlowBuffer (length) {
+  if (+length != length) { // eslint-disable-line eqeqeq
+    length = 0
+  }
+  return Buffer.alloc(+length)
+}
+
+Buffer.isBuffer = function isBuffer (b) {
+  return b != null && b._isBuffer === true
+}
+
+Buffer.compare = function compare (a, b) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(a) || !Buffer.isBuffer(b)) {
+    throw new TypeError('Arguments must be Buffers')
+  }
+
+  if (a === b) return 0
+
+  var x = a.length
+  var y = b.length
+
+  for (var i = 0, len = Math.min(x, y); i < len; ++i) {
+    if (a[i] !== b[i]) {
+      x = a[i]
+      y = b[i]
+      break
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (x < y) return -1
+  if (y < x) return 1
+  return 0
+}
+
+Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding (encoding) {
+  switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
+    case 'hex':
+    case 'utf8':
+    case 'utf-8':
+    case 'ascii':
+    case 'latin1':
+    case 'binary':
+    case 'base64':
+    case 'ucs2':
+    case 'ucs-2':
+    case 'utf16le':
+    case 'utf-16le':
+      return true
+    default:
+      return false
+  }
+}
+
+Buffer.concat = function concat (list, length) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(list)) {
+    throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers')
+  }
+
+  if (list.length === 0) {
+    return Buffer.alloc(0)
+  }
+
+  var i
+  if (length === undefined) {
+    length = 0
+    for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
+      length += list[i].length
+    }
+  }
+
+  var buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(length)
+  var pos = 0
+  for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
+    var buf = list[i]
+    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) {
+      throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers')
+    }
+    buf.copy(buffer, pos)
+    pos += buf.length
+  }
+  return buffer
+}
+
+function byteLength (string, encoding) {
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(string)) {
+    return string.length
+  }
+  if (ArrayBuffer.isView(string) || string instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+    return string.byteLength
+  }
+  if (typeof string !== 'string') {
+    string = '' + string
+  }
+
+  var len = string.length
+  if (len === 0) return 0
+
+  // Use a for loop to avoid recursion
+  var loweredCase = false
+  for (;;) {
+    switch (encoding) {
+      case 'ascii':
+      case 'latin1':
+      case 'binary':
+        return len
+      case 'utf8':
+      case 'utf-8':
+      case undefined:
+        return utf8ToBytes(string).length
+      case 'ucs2':
+      case 'ucs-2':
+      case 'utf16le':
+      case 'utf-16le':
+        return len * 2
+      case 'hex':
+        return len >>> 1
+      case 'base64':
+        return base64ToBytes(string).length
+      default:
+        if (loweredCase) return utf8ToBytes(string).length // assume utf8
+        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
+        loweredCase = true
+    }
+  }
+}
+Buffer.byteLength = byteLength
+
+function slowToString (encoding, start, end) {
+  var loweredCase = false
+
+  // No need to verify that "this.length <= MAX_UINT32" since it's a read-only
+  // property of a typed array.
+
+  // This behaves neither like String nor Uint8Array in that we set start/end
+  // to their upper/lower bounds if the value passed is out of range.
+  // undefined is handled specially as per ECMA-262 6th Edition,
+  // Section 13.3.3.7 Runtime Semantics: KeyedBindingInitialization.
+  if (start === undefined || start < 0) {
+    start = 0
+  }
+  // Return early if start > this.length. Done here to prevent potential uint32
+  // coercion fail below.
+  if (start > this.length) {
+    return ''
+  }
+
+  if (end === undefined || end > this.length) {
+    end = this.length
+  }
+
+  if (end <= 0) {
+    return ''
+  }
+
+  // Force coersion to uint32. This will also coerce falsey/NaN values to 0.
+  end >>>= 0
+  start >>>= 0
+
+  if (end <= start) {
+    return ''
+  }
+
+  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
+
+  while (true) {
+    switch (encoding) {
+      case 'hex':
+        return hexSlice(this, start, end)
 
-  // precomputation
-  var g = new Array(),
-    n = 3,
-    k1 = k - 1,
-    km = (1 << k) - 1
-  g[1] = z.convert(this)
-  if (k > 1) {
-    var g2 = new BigInteger()
-    z.sqrTo(g[1], g2)
-    while (n <= km) {
-      g[n] = new BigInteger()
-      z.mulTo(g2, g[n - 2], g[n])
-      n += 2
+      case 'utf8':
+      case 'utf-8':
+        return utf8Slice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'ascii':
+        return asciiSlice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'latin1':
+      case 'binary':
+        return latin1Slice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'base64':
+        return base64Slice(this, start, end)
+
+      case 'ucs2':
+      case 'ucs-2':
+      case 'utf16le':
+      case 'utf-16le':
+        return utf16leSlice(this, start, end)
+
+      default:
+        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
+        encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase()
+        loweredCase = true
     }
   }
+}
 
-  var j = e.t - 1,
-    w, is1 = true,
-    r2 = new BigInteger(),
-    t
-  i = nbits(e[j]) - 1
-  while (j >= 0) {
-    if (i >= k1) w = (e[j] >> (i - k1)) & km
-    else {
-      w = (e[j] & ((1 << (i + 1)) - 1)) << (k1 - i)
-      if (j > 0) w |= e[j - 1] >> (this.DB + i - k1)
+// This property is used by `Buffer.isBuffer` (and the `is-buffer` npm package)
+// to detect a Buffer instance. It's not possible to use `instanceof Buffer`
+// reliably in a browserify context because there could be multiple different
+// copies of the 'buffer' package in use. This method works even for Buffer
+// instances that were created from another copy of the `buffer` package.
+// See: https://github.com/feross/buffer/issues/154
+Buffer.prototype._isBuffer = true
+
+function swap (b, n, m) {
+  var i = b[n]
+  b[n] = b[m]
+  b[m] = i
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.swap16 = function swap16 () {
+  var len = this.length
+  if (len % 2 !== 0) {
+    throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 16-bits')
+  }
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
+    swap(this, i, i + 1)
+  }
+  return this
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.swap32 = function swap32 () {
+  var len = this.length
+  if (len % 4 !== 0) {
+    throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 32-bits')
+  }
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 4) {
+    swap(this, i, i + 3)
+    swap(this, i + 1, i + 2)
+  }
+  return this
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.swap64 = function swap64 () {
+  var len = this.length
+  if (len % 8 !== 0) {
+    throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 64-bits')
+  }
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 8) {
+    swap(this, i, i + 7)
+    swap(this, i + 1, i + 6)
+    swap(this, i + 2, i + 5)
+    swap(this, i + 3, i + 4)
+  }
+  return this
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString () {
+  var length = this.length
+  if (length === 0) return ''
+  if (arguments.length === 0) return utf8Slice(this, 0, length)
+  return slowToString.apply(this, arguments)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals (b) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
+  if (this === b) return true
+  return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.inspect = function inspect () {
+  var str = ''
+  var max = exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES
+  if (this.length > 0) {
+    str = this.toString('hex', 0, max).match(/.{2}/g).join(' ')
+    if (this.length > max) str += ' ... '
+  }
+  return '<Buffer ' + str + '>'
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare (target, start, end, thisStart, thisEnd) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(target)) {
+    throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
+  }
+
+  if (start === undefined) {
+    start = 0
+  }
+  if (end === undefined) {
+    end = target ? target.length : 0
+  }
+  if (thisStart === undefined) {
+    thisStart = 0
+  }
+  if (thisEnd === undefined) {
+    thisEnd = this.length
+  }
+
+  if (start < 0 || end > target.length || thisStart < 0 || thisEnd > this.length) {
+    throw new RangeError('out of range index')
+  }
+
+  if (thisStart >= thisEnd && start >= end) {
+    return 0
+  }
+  if (thisStart >= thisEnd) {
+    return -1
+  }
+  if (start >= end) {
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  start >>>= 0
+  end >>>= 0
+  thisStart >>>= 0
+  thisEnd >>>= 0
+
+  if (this === target) return 0
+
+  var x = thisEnd - thisStart
+  var y = end - start
+  var len = Math.min(x, y)
+
+  var thisCopy = this.slice(thisStart, thisEnd)
+  var targetCopy = target.slice(start, end)
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+    if (thisCopy[i] !== targetCopy[i]) {
+      x = thisCopy[i]
+      y = targetCopy[i]
+      break
     }
+  }
 
-    n = k
-    while ((w & 1) == 0) {
-      w >>= 1
-      --n
+  if (x < y) return -1
+  if (y < x) return 1
+  return 0
+}
+
+// Finds either the first index of `val` in `buffer` at offset >= `byteOffset`,
+// OR the last index of `val` in `buffer` at offset <= `byteOffset`.
+//
+// Arguments:
+// - buffer - a Buffer to search
+// - val - a string, Buffer, or number
+// - byteOffset - an index into `buffer`; will be clamped to an int32
+// - encoding - an optional encoding, relevant is val is a string
+// - dir - true for indexOf, false for lastIndexOf
+function bidirectionalIndexOf (buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
+  // Empty buffer means no match
+  if (buffer.length === 0) return -1
+
+  // Normalize byteOffset
+  if (typeof byteOffset === 'string') {
+    encoding = byteOffset
+    byteOffset = 0
+  } else if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) {
+    byteOffset = 0x7fffffff
+  } else if (byteOffset < -0x80000000) {
+    byteOffset = -0x80000000
+  }
+  byteOffset = +byteOffset  // Coerce to Number.
+  if (isNaN(byteOffset)) {
+    // byteOffset: it it's undefined, null, NaN, "foo", etc, search whole buffer
+    byteOffset = dir ? 0 : (buffer.length - 1)
+  }
+
+  // Normalize byteOffset: negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
+  if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = buffer.length + byteOffset
+  if (byteOffset >= buffer.length) {
+    if (dir) return -1
+    else byteOffset = buffer.length - 1
+  } else if (byteOffset < 0) {
+    if (dir) byteOffset = 0
+    else return -1
+  }
+
+  // Normalize val
+  if (typeof val === 'string') {
+    val = Buffer.from(val, encoding)
+  }
+
+  // Finally, search either indexOf (if dir is true) or lastIndexOf
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(val)) {
+    // Special case: looking for empty string/buffer always fails
+    if (val.length === 0) {
+      return -1
+    }
+    return arrayIndexOf(buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir)
+  } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
+    val = val & 0xFF // Search for a byte value [0-255]
+    if (typeof Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function') {
+      if (dir) {
+        return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(buffer, val, byteOffset)
+      } else {
+        return Uint8Array.prototype.lastIndexOf.call(buffer, val, byteOffset)
+      }
     }
-    if ((i -= n) < 0) {
-      i += this.DB
-      --j
+    return arrayIndexOf(buffer, [ val ], byteOffset, encoding, dir)
+  }
+
+  throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer')
+}
+
+function arrayIndexOf (arr, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
+  var indexSize = 1
+  var arrLength = arr.length
+  var valLength = val.length
+
+  if (encoding !== undefined) {
+    encoding = String(encoding).toLowerCase()
+    if (encoding === 'ucs2' || encoding === 'ucs-2' ||
+        encoding === 'utf16le' || encoding === 'utf-16le') {
+      if (arr.length < 2 || val.length < 2) {
+        return -1
+      }
+      indexSize = 2
+      arrLength /= 2
+      valLength /= 2
+      byteOffset /= 2
     }
-    if (is1) { // ret == 1, don't bother squaring or multiplying it
-      g[w].copyTo(r)
-      is1 = false
+  }
+
+  function read (buf, i) {
+    if (indexSize === 1) {
+      return buf[i]
     } else {
-      while (n > 1) {
-        z.sqrTo(r, r2)
-        z.sqrTo(r2, r)
-        n -= 2
-      }
-      if (n > 0) z.sqrTo(r, r2)
-      else {
-        t = r
-        r = r2
-        r2 = t
-      }
-      z.mulTo(r2, g[w], r)
+      return buf.readUInt16BE(i * indexSize)
     }
+  }
 
-    while (j >= 0 && (e[j] & (1 << i)) == 0) {
-      z.sqrTo(r, r2)
-      t = r
-      r = r2
-      r2 = t
-      if (--i < 0) {
-        i = this.DB - 1
-        --j
+  var i
+  if (dir) {
+    var foundIndex = -1
+    for (i = byteOffset; i < arrLength; i++) {
+      if (read(arr, i) === read(val, foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex)) {
+        if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i
+        if (i - foundIndex + 1 === valLength) return foundIndex * indexSize
+      } else {
+        if (foundIndex !== -1) i -= i - foundIndex
+        foundIndex = -1
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (byteOffset + valLength > arrLength) byteOffset = arrLength - valLength
+    for (i = byteOffset; i >= 0; i--) {
+      var found = true
+      for (var j = 0; j < valLength; j++) {
+        if (read(arr, i + j) !== read(val, j)) {
+          found = false
+          break
+        }
       }
+      if (found) return i
     }
   }
-  return z.revert(r)
+
+  return -1
 }
 
-// (public) gcd(this,a) (HAC 14.54)
-function bnGCD(a) {
-  var x = (this.s < 0) ? this.negate() : this.clone()
-  var y = (a.s < 0) ? a.negate() : a.clone()
-  if (x.compareTo(y) < 0) {
-    var t = x
-    x = y
-    y = t
+Buffer.prototype.includes = function includes (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
+  return this.indexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) !== -1
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
+  return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, true)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.lastIndexOf = function lastIndexOf (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
+  return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, false)
+}
+
+function hexWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  offset = Number(offset) || 0
+  var remaining = buf.length - offset
+  if (!length) {
+    length = remaining
+  } else {
+    length = Number(length)
+    if (length > remaining) {
+      length = remaining
+    }
   }
-  var i = x.getLowestSetBit(),
-    g = y.getLowestSetBit()
-  if (g < 0) return x
-  if (i < g) g = i
-  if (g > 0) {
-    x.rShiftTo(g, x)
-    y.rShiftTo(g, y)
+
+  // must be an even number of digits
+  var strLen = string.length
+  if (strLen % 2 !== 0) throw new TypeError('Invalid hex string')
+
+  if (length > strLen / 2) {
+    length = strLen / 2
   }
-  while (x.signum() > 0) {
-    if ((i = x.getLowestSetBit()) > 0) x.rShiftTo(i, x)
-    if ((i = y.getLowestSetBit()) > 0) y.rShiftTo(i, y)
-    if (x.compareTo(y) >= 0) {
-      x.subTo(y, x)
-      x.rShiftTo(1, x)
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+    var parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16)
+    if (isNaN(parsed)) return i
+    buf[offset + i] = parsed
+  }
+  return i
+}
+
+function utf8Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return blitBuffer(utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
+}
+
+function asciiWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
+}
+
+function latin1Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length)
+}
+
+function base64Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
+}
+
+function ucs2Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
+  return blitBuffer(utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.write = function write (string, offset, length, encoding) {
+  // Buffer#write(string)
+  if (offset === undefined) {
+    encoding = 'utf8'
+    length = this.length
+    offset = 0
+  // Buffer#write(string, encoding)
+  } else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
+    encoding = offset
+    length = this.length
+    offset = 0
+  // Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
+  } else if (isFinite(offset)) {
+    offset = offset >>> 0
+    if (isFinite(length)) {
+      length = length >>> 0
+      if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8'
     } else {
-      y.subTo(x, y)
-      y.rShiftTo(1, y)
+      encoding = length
+      length = undefined
     }
+  } else {
+    throw new Error(
+      'Buffer.write(string, encoding, offset[, length]) is no longer supported'
+    )
   }
-  if (g > 0) y.lShiftTo(g, y)
-  return y
-}
 
-// (protected) this % n, n < 2^26
-function bnpModInt(n) {
-  if (n <= 0) return 0
-  var d = this.DV % n,
-    r = (this.s < 0) ? n - 1 : 0
-  if (this.t > 0)
-    if (d == 0) r = this[0] % n
-    else
-      for (var i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r = (d * r + this[i]) % n
-  return r
-}
+  var remaining = this.length - offset
+  if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining
 
-// (public) 1/this % m (HAC 14.61)
-function bnModInverse(m) {
-  var ac = m.isEven()
-  if ((this.isEven() && ac) || m.signum() == 0) return BigInteger.ZERO
-  var u = m.clone(),
-    v = this.clone()
-  var a = nbv(1),
-    b = nbv(0),
-    c = nbv(0),
-    d = nbv(1)
-  while (u.signum() != 0) {
-    while (u.isEven()) {
-      u.rShiftTo(1, u)
-      if (ac) {
-        if (!a.isEven() || !b.isEven()) {
-          a.addTo(this, a)
-          b.subTo(m, b)
-        }
-        a.rShiftTo(1, a)
-      } else if (!b.isEven()) b.subTo(m, b)
-      b.rShiftTo(1, b)
-    }
-    while (v.isEven()) {
-      v.rShiftTo(1, v)
-      if (ac) {
-        if (!c.isEven() || !d.isEven()) {
-          c.addTo(this, c)
-          d.subTo(m, d)
-        }
-        c.rShiftTo(1, c)
-      } else if (!d.isEven()) d.subTo(m, d)
-      d.rShiftTo(1, d)
-    }
-    if (u.compareTo(v) >= 0) {
-      u.subTo(v, u)
-      if (ac) a.subTo(c, a)
-      b.subTo(d, b)
-    } else {
-      v.subTo(u, v)
-      if (ac) c.subTo(a, c)
-      d.subTo(b, d)
-    }
+  if ((string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) || offset > this.length) {
+    throw new RangeError('Attempt to write outside buffer bounds')
   }
-  if (v.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) != 0) return BigInteger.ZERO
-  if (d.compareTo(m) >= 0) return d.subtract(m)
-  if (d.signum() < 0) d.addTo(m, d)
-  else return d
-  if (d.signum() < 0) return d.add(m)
-  else return d
-}
 
-var lowprimes = [
-  2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71,
-  73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 127, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151,
-  157, 163, 167, 173, 179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229, 233,
-  239, 241, 251, 257, 263, 269, 271, 277, 281, 283, 293, 307, 311, 313, 317,
-  331, 337, 347, 349, 353, 359, 367, 373, 379, 383, 389, 397, 401, 409, 419,
-  421, 431, 433, 439, 443, 449, 457, 461, 463, 467, 479, 487, 491, 499, 503,
-  509, 521, 523, 541, 547, 557, 563, 569, 571, 577, 587, 593, 599, 601, 607,
-  613, 617, 619, 631, 641, 643, 647, 653, 659, 661, 673, 677, 683, 691, 701,
-  709, 719, 727, 733, 739, 743, 751, 757, 761, 769, 773, 787, 797, 809, 811,
-  821, 823, 827, 829, 839, 853, 857, 859, 863, 877, 881, 883, 887, 907, 911,
-  919, 929, 937, 941, 947, 953, 967, 971, 977, 983, 991, 997
-]
+  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
 
-var lplim = (1 << 26) / lowprimes[lowprimes.length - 1]
+  var loweredCase = false
+  for (;;) {
+    switch (encoding) {
+      case 'hex':
+        return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length)
 
-// (public) test primality with certainty >= 1-.5^t
-function bnIsProbablePrime(t) {
-  var i, x = this.abs()
-  if (x.t == 1 && x[0] <= lowprimes[lowprimes.length - 1]) {
-    for (i = 0; i < lowprimes.length; ++i)
-      if (x[0] == lowprimes[i]) return true
-    return false
-  }
-  if (x.isEven()) return false
-  i = 1
-  while (i < lowprimes.length) {
-    var m = lowprimes[i],
-      j = i + 1
-    while (j < lowprimes.length && m < lplim) m *= lowprimes[j++]
-    m = x.modInt(m)
-    while (i < j) if (m % lowprimes[i++] == 0) return false
+      case 'utf8':
+      case 'utf-8':
+        return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'ascii':
+        return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'latin1':
+      case 'binary':
+        return latin1Write(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'base64':
+        // Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
+        return base64Write(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      case 'ucs2':
+      case 'ucs-2':
+      case 'utf16le':
+      case 'utf-16le':
+        return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length)
+
+      default:
+        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
+        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
+        loweredCase = true
+    }
   }
-  return x.millerRabin(t)
 }
 
-// (protected) true if probably prime (HAC 4.24, Miller-Rabin)
-function bnpMillerRabin(t) {
-  var n1 = this.subtract(BigInteger.ONE)
-  var k = n1.getLowestSetBit()
-  if (k <= 0) return false
-  var r = n1.shiftRight(k)
-  t = (t + 1) >> 1
-  if (t > lowprimes.length) t = lowprimes.length
-  var a = new BigInteger(null)
-  var j, bases = []
-  for (var i = 0; i < t; ++i) {
-    for (;;) {
-      j = lowprimes[Math.floor(Math.random() * lowprimes.length)]
-      if (bases.indexOf(j) == -1) break
-    }
-    bases.push(j)
-    a.fromInt(j)
-    var y = a.modPow(r, this)
-    if (y.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) != 0 && y.compareTo(n1) != 0) {
-      var j = 1
-      while (j++ < k && y.compareTo(n1) != 0) {
-        y = y.modPowInt(2, this)
-        if (y.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) == 0) return false
-      }
-      if (y.compareTo(n1) != 0) return false
-    }
+Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () {
+  return {
+    type: 'Buffer',
+    data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0)
   }
-  return true
 }
 
-// protected
-proto.chunkSize = bnpChunkSize
-proto.toRadix = bnpToRadix
-proto.fromRadix = bnpFromRadix
-proto.fromNumber = bnpFromNumber
-proto.bitwiseTo = bnpBitwiseTo
-proto.changeBit = bnpChangeBit
-proto.addTo = bnpAddTo
-proto.dMultiply = bnpDMultiply
-proto.dAddOffset = bnpDAddOffset
-proto.multiplyLowerTo = bnpMultiplyLowerTo
-proto.multiplyUpperTo = bnpMultiplyUpperTo
-proto.modInt = bnpModInt
-proto.millerRabin = bnpMillerRabin
+function base64Slice (buf, start, end) {
+  if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
+    return base64.fromByteArray(buf)
+  } else {
+    return base64.fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end))
+  }
+}
 
-// public
-proto.clone = bnClone
-proto.intValue = bnIntValue
-proto.byteValue = bnByteValue
-proto.shortValue = bnShortValue
-proto.signum = bnSigNum
-proto.toByteArray = bnToByteArray
-proto.equals = bnEquals
-proto.min = bnMin
-proto.max = bnMax
-proto.and = bnAnd
-proto.or = bnOr
-proto.xor = bnXor
-proto.andNot = bnAndNot
-proto.not = bnNot
-proto.shiftLeft = bnShiftLeft
-proto.shiftRight = bnShiftRight
-proto.getLowestSetBit = bnGetLowestSetBit
-proto.bitCount = bnBitCount
-proto.testBit = bnTestBit
-proto.setBit = bnSetBit
-proto.clearBit = bnClearBit
-proto.flipBit = bnFlipBit
-proto.add = bnAdd
-proto.subtract = bnSubtract
-proto.multiply = bnMultiply
-proto.divide = bnDivide
-proto.remainder = bnRemainder
-proto.divideAndRemainder = bnDivideAndRemainder
-proto.modPow = bnModPow
-proto.modInverse = bnModInverse
-proto.pow = bnPow
-proto.gcd = bnGCD
-proto.isProbablePrime = bnIsProbablePrime
+function utf8Slice (buf, start, end) {
+  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
+  var res = []
 
-// JSBN-specific extension
-proto.square = bnSquare
+  var i = start
+  while (i < end) {
+    var firstByte = buf[i]
+    var codePoint = null
+    var bytesPerSequence = (firstByte > 0xEF) ? 4
+      : (firstByte > 0xDF) ? 3
+      : (firstByte > 0xBF) ? 2
+      : 1
 
-// constants
-BigInteger.ZERO = nbv(0)
-BigInteger.ONE = nbv(1)
-BigInteger.valueOf = nbv
+    if (i + bytesPerSequence <= end) {
+      var secondByte, thirdByte, fourthByte, tempCodePoint
 
-module.exports = BigInteger
+      switch (bytesPerSequence) {
+        case 1:
+          if (firstByte < 0x80) {
+            codePoint = firstByte
+          }
+          break
+        case 2:
+          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
+          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (secondByte & 0x3F)
+            if (tempCodePoint > 0x7F) {
+              codePoint = tempCodePoint
+            }
+          }
+          break
+        case 3:
+          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
+          thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
+          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0xC | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (thirdByte & 0x3F)
+            if (tempCodePoint > 0x7FF && (tempCodePoint < 0xD800 || tempCodePoint > 0xDFFF)) {
+              codePoint = tempCodePoint
+            }
+          }
+          break
+        case 4:
+          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
+          thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
+          fourthByte = buf[i + 3]
+          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (fourthByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0x12 | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0xC | (thirdByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (fourthByte & 0x3F)
+            if (tempCodePoint > 0xFFFF && tempCodePoint < 0x110000) {
+              codePoint = tempCodePoint
+            }
+          }
+      }
+    }
 
-},{"../package.json":4}],2:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-// FIXME: Kind of a weird way to throw exceptions, consider removing
-var assert = require('assert')
-var BigInteger = require('./bigi')
+    if (codePoint === null) {
+      // we did not generate a valid codePoint so insert a
+      // replacement char (U+FFFD) and advance only 1 byte
+      codePoint = 0xFFFD
+      bytesPerSequence = 1
+    } else if (codePoint > 0xFFFF) {
+      // encode to utf16 (surrogate pair dance)
+      codePoint -= 0x10000
+      res.push(codePoint >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800)
+      codePoint = 0xDC00 | codePoint & 0x3FF
+    }
 
-/**
- * Turns a byte array into a big integer.
- *
- * This function will interpret a byte array as a big integer in big
- * endian notation.
- */
-BigInteger.fromByteArrayUnsigned = function(byteArray) {
-  // BigInteger expects a DER integer conformant byte array
-  if (byteArray[0] & 0x80) {
-    return new BigInteger([0].concat(byteArray))
+    res.push(codePoint)
+    i += bytesPerSequence
   }
 
-  return new BigInteger(byteArray)
+  return decodeCodePointsArray(res)
 }
 
-/**
- * Returns a byte array representation of the big integer.
- *
- * This returns the absolute of the contained value in big endian
- * form. A value of zero results in an empty array.
- */
-BigInteger.prototype.toByteArrayUnsigned = function() {
-  var byteArray = this.toByteArray()
-  return byteArray[0] === 0 ? byteArray.slice(1) : byteArray
-}
+// Based on http://stackoverflow.com/a/22747272/680742, the browser with
+// the lowest limit is Chrome, with 0x10000 args.
+// We go 1 magnitude less, for safety
+var MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH = 0x1000
 
-BigInteger.fromDERInteger = function(byteArray) {
-  return new BigInteger(byteArray)
-}
+function decodeCodePointsArray (codePoints) {
+  var len = codePoints.length
+  if (len <= MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH) {
+    return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, codePoints) // avoid extra slice()
+  }
 
-/*
- * Converts BigInteger to a DER integer representation.
- *
- * The format for this value uses the most significant bit as a sign
- * bit.  If the most significant bit is already set and the integer is
- * positive, a 0x00 is prepended.
- *
- * Examples:
- *
- *      0 =>     0x00
- *      1 =>     0x01
- *     -1 =>     0xff
- *    127 =>     0x7f
- *   -127 =>     0x81
- *    128 =>   0x0080
- *   -128 =>     0x80
- *    255 =>   0x00ff
- *   -255 =>   0xff01
- *  16300 =>   0x3fac
- * -16300 =>   0xc054
- *  62300 => 0x00f35c
- * -62300 => 0xff0ca4
-*/
-BigInteger.prototype.toDERInteger = BigInteger.prototype.toByteArray
+  // Decode in chunks to avoid "call stack size exceeded".
+  var res = ''
+  var i = 0
+  while (i < len) {
+    res += String.fromCharCode.apply(
+      String,
+      codePoints.slice(i, i += MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH)
+    )
+  }
+  return res
+}
 
-BigInteger.fromBuffer = function(buffer) {
-  // BigInteger expects a DER integer conformant byte array
-  if (buffer[0] & 0x80) {
-    var byteArray = Array.prototype.slice.call(buffer)
+function asciiSlice (buf, start, end) {
+  var ret = ''
+  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
 
-    return new BigInteger([0].concat(byteArray))
+  for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
+    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i] & 0x7F)
   }
-
-  return new BigInteger(buffer)
+  return ret
 }
 
-BigInteger.fromHex = function(hex) {
-  if (hex === '') return BigInteger.ZERO
+function latin1Slice (buf, start, end) {
+  var ret = ''
+  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
 
-  assert.equal(hex, hex.match(/^[A-Fa-f0-9]+/), 'Invalid hex string')
-  assert.equal(hex.length % 2, 0, 'Incomplete hex')
-  return new BigInteger(hex, 16)
+  for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
+    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i])
+  }
+  return ret
 }
 
-BigInteger.prototype.toBuffer = function(size) {
-  var byteArray = this.toByteArrayUnsigned()
-  var zeros = []
+function hexSlice (buf, start, end) {
+  var len = buf.length
 
-  var padding = size - byteArray.length
-  while (zeros.length < padding) zeros.push(0)
+  if (!start || start < 0) start = 0
+  if (!end || end < 0 || end > len) end = len
 
-  return new Buffer(zeros.concat(byteArray))
+  var out = ''
+  for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
+    out += toHex(buf[i])
+  }
+  return out
 }
 
-BigInteger.prototype.toHex = function(size) {
-  return this.toBuffer(size).toString('hex')
+function utf16leSlice (buf, start, end) {
+  var bytes = buf.slice(start, end)
+  var res = ''
+  for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {
+    res += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i] + (bytes[i + 1] * 256))
+  }
+  return res
 }
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./bigi":1,"assert":5,"buffer":7}],3:[function(require,module,exports){
-var BigInteger = require('./bigi')
-
-//addons
-require('./convert')
-
-module.exports = BigInteger
-},{"./bigi":1,"./convert":2}],4:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports={
-  "name": "bigi",
-  "version": "1.4.0",
-  "description": "Big integers.",
-  "keywords": [
-    "cryptography",
-    "math",
-    "bitcoin",
-    "arbitrary",
-    "precision",
-    "arithmetic",
-    "big",
-    "integer",
-    "int",
-    "number",
-    "biginteger",
-    "bigint",
-    "bignumber",
-    "decimal",
-    "float"
-  ],
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "mocha": "^1.20.1",
-    "jshint": "^2.5.1",
-    "coveralls": "^2.10.0",
-    "istanbul": "^0.2.11"
-  },
-  "repository": {
-    "url": "https://github.com/cryptocoinjs/bigi",
-    "type": "git"
-  },
-  "main": "./lib/index.js",
-  "scripts": {
-    "test": "_mocha -- test/*.js",
-    "jshint": "jshint --config jshint.json lib/*.js ; true",
-    "unit": "mocha",
-    "coverage": "istanbul cover ./node_modules/.bin/_mocha -- --reporter list test/*.js",
-    "coveralls": "npm run-script coverage && node ./node_modules/.bin/coveralls < coverage/lcov.info"
-  },
-  "dependencies": {},
-  "testling": {
-    "files": "test/*.js",
-    "harness": "mocha",
-    "browsers": [
-      "ie/9..latest",
-      "firefox/latest",
-      "chrome/latest",
-      "safari/6.0..latest",
-      "iphone/6.0..latest",
-      "android-browser/4.2..latest"
-    ]
-  },
-  "bugs": {
-    "url": "https://github.com/cryptocoinjs/bigi/issues"
-  },
-  "homepage": "https://github.com/cryptocoinjs/bigi",
-  "_id": "bigi@1.4.0",
-  "dist": {
-    "shasum": "90ac1aeac0a531216463bdb58f42c1e05c8407ac",
-    "tarball": "http://registry.npmjs.org/bigi/-/bigi-1.4.0.tgz"
-  },
-  "_from": "bigi@^1.4.0",
-  "_npmVersion": "1.4.3",
-  "_npmUser": {
-    "name": "jp",
-    "email": "jprichardson@gmail.com"
-  },
-  "maintainers": [
-    {
-      "name": "jp",
-      "email": "jprichardson@gmail.com"
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "midnightlightning",
-      "email": "boydb@midnightdesign.ws"
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "sidazhang",
-      "email": "sidazhang89@gmail.com"
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "nadav",
-      "email": "npm@shesek.info"
-    }
-  ],
-  "directories": {},
-  "_shasum": "90ac1aeac0a531216463bdb58f42c1e05c8407ac",
-  "_resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/bigi/-/bigi-1.4.0.tgz"
-}
+Buffer.prototype.slice = function slice (start, end) {
+  var len = this.length
+  start = ~~start
+  end = end === undefined ? len : ~~end
 
-},{}],5:[function(require,module,exports){
-// http://wiki.commonjs.org/wiki/Unit_Testing/1.0
-//
-// THIS IS NOT TESTED NOR LIKELY TO WORK OUTSIDE V8!
-//
-// Originally from narwhal.js (http://narwhaljs.org)
-// Copyright (c) 2009 Thomas Robinson <280north.com>
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-// of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to
-// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-// AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
-// ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
-// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+  if (start < 0) {
+    start += len
+    if (start < 0) start = 0
+  } else if (start > len) {
+    start = len
+  }
 
-// when used in node, this will actually load the util module we depend on
-// versus loading the builtin util module as happens otherwise
-// this is a bug in node module loading as far as I am concerned
-var util = require('util/');
+  if (end < 0) {
+    end += len
+    if (end < 0) end = 0
+  } else if (end > len) {
+    end = len
+  }
 
-var pSlice = Array.prototype.slice;
-var hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
+  if (end < start) end = start
 
-// 1. The assert module provides functions that throw
-// AssertionError's when particular conditions are not met. The
-// assert module must conform to the following interface.
+  var newBuf = this.subarray(start, end)
+  // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance
+  newBuf.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype
+  return newBuf
+}
 
-var assert = module.exports = ok;
+/*
+ * Need to make sure that buffer isn't trying to write out of bounds.
+ */
+function checkOffset (offset, ext, length) {
+  if ((offset % 1) !== 0 || offset < 0) throw new RangeError('offset is not uint')
+  if (offset + ext > length) throw new RangeError('Trying to access beyond buffer length')
+}
 
-// 2. The AssertionError is defined in assert.
-// new assert.AssertionError({ message: message,
-//                             actual: actual,
-//                             expected: expected })
+Buffer.prototype.readUIntLE = function readUIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  byteLength = byteLength >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
 
-assert.AssertionError = function AssertionError(options) {
-  this.name = 'AssertionError';
-  this.actual = options.actual;
-  this.expected = options.expected;
-  this.operator = options.operator;
-  if (options.message) {
-    this.message = options.message;
-    this.generatedMessage = false;
-  } else {
-    this.message = getMessage(this);
-    this.generatedMessage = true;
+  var val = this[offset]
+  var mul = 1
+  var i = 0
+  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    val += this[offset + i] * mul
   }
-  var stackStartFunction = options.stackStartFunction || fail;
 
-  if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
-    Error.captureStackTrace(this, stackStartFunction);
-  }
-  else {
-    // non v8 browsers so we can have a stacktrace
-    var err = new Error();
-    if (err.stack) {
-      var out = err.stack;
+  return val
+}
 
-      // try to strip useless frames
-      var fn_name = stackStartFunction.name;
-      var idx = out.indexOf('\n' + fn_name);
-      if (idx >= 0) {
-        // once we have located the function frame
-        // we need to strip out everything before it (and its line)
-        var next_line = out.indexOf('\n', idx + 1);
-        out = out.substring(next_line + 1);
-      }
+Buffer.prototype.readUIntBE = function readUIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  byteLength = byteLength >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+  }
 
-      this.stack = out;
-    }
+  var val = this[offset + --byteLength]
+  var mul = 1
+  while (byteLength > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    val += this[offset + --byteLength] * mul
   }
-};
 
-// assert.AssertionError instanceof Error
-util.inherits(assert.AssertionError, Error);
+  return val
+}
 
-function replacer(key, value) {
-  if (util.isUndefined(value)) {
-    return '' + value;
-  }
-  if (util.isNumber(value) && !isFinite(value)) {
-    return value.toString();
-  }
-  if (util.isFunction(value) || util.isRegExp(value)) {
-    return value.toString();
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt8 = function readUInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
+  return this[offset]
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt16LE = function readUInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
+  return this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt16BE = function readUInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
+  return (this[offset] << 8) | this[offset + 1]
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt32LE = function readUInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+
+  return ((this[offset]) |
+      (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
+      (this[offset + 2] << 16)) +
+      (this[offset + 3] * 0x1000000)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readUInt32BE = function readUInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+
+  return (this[offset] * 0x1000000) +
+    ((this[offset + 1] << 16) |
+    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
+    this[offset + 3])
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readIntLE = function readIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  byteLength = byteLength >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+
+  var val = this[offset]
+  var mul = 1
+  var i = 0
+  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    val += this[offset + i] * mul
   }
-  return value;
+  mul *= 0x80
+
+  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)
+
+  return val
 }
 
-function truncate(s, n) {
-  if (util.isString(s)) {
-    return s.length < n ? s : s.slice(0, n);
-  } else {
-    return s;
+Buffer.prototype.readIntBE = function readIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  byteLength = byteLength >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+
+  var i = byteLength
+  var mul = 1
+  var val = this[offset + --i]
+  while (i > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    val += this[offset + --i] * mul
   }
+  mul *= 0x80
+
+  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)
+
+  return val
 }
 
-function getMessage(self) {
-  return truncate(JSON.stringify(self.actual, replacer), 128) + ' ' +
-         self.operator + ' ' +
-         truncate(JSON.stringify(self.expected, replacer), 128);
+Buffer.prototype.readInt8 = function readInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
+  if (!(this[offset] & 0x80)) return (this[offset])
+  return ((0xff - this[offset] + 1) * -1)
 }
 
-// At present only the three keys mentioned above are used and
-// understood by the spec. Implementations or sub modules can pass
-// other keys to the AssertionError's constructor - they will be
-// ignored.
+Buffer.prototype.readInt16LE = function readInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
+  var val = this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
+  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
+}
 
-// 3. All of the following functions must throw an AssertionError
-// when a corresponding condition is not met, with a message that
-// may be undefined if not provided.  All assertion methods provide
-// both the actual and expected values to the assertion error for
-// display purposes.
+Buffer.prototype.readInt16BE = function readInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
+  var val = this[offset + 1] | (this[offset] << 8)
+  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readInt32LE = function readInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+
+  return (this[offset]) |
+    (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
+    (this[offset + 2] << 16) |
+    (this[offset + 3] << 24)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readInt32BE = function readInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+
+  return (this[offset] << 24) |
+    (this[offset + 1] << 16) |
+    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
+    (this[offset + 3])
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readFloatLE = function readFloatLE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+  return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 23, 4)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readFloatBE = function readFloatBE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+  return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 23, 4)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readDoubleLE = function readDoubleLE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
+  return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 52, 8)
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.readDoubleBE = function readDoubleBE (offset, noAssert) {
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
+  return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 52, 8)
+}
+
+function checkInt (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) throw new TypeError('"buffer" argument must be a Buffer instance')
+  if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('"value" argument is out of bounds')
+  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUIntLE = function writeUIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  byteLength = byteLength >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    var maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1
+    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0)
+  }
+
+  var mul = 1
+  var i = 0
+  this[offset] = value & 0xFF
+  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF
+  }
+
+  return offset + byteLength
+}
+
+Buffer.prototype.writeUIntBE = function writeUIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  byteLength = byteLength >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    var maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1
+    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0)
+  }
+
+  var i = byteLength - 1
+  var mul = 1
+  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF
+  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF
+  }
 
-function fail(actual, expected, message, operator, stackStartFunction) {
-  throw new assert.AssertionError({
-    message: message,
-    actual: actual,
-    expected: expected,
-    operator: operator,
-    stackStartFunction: stackStartFunction
-  });
+  return offset + byteLength
 }
 
-// EXTENSION! allows for well behaved errors defined elsewhere.
-assert.fail = fail;
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt8 = function writeUInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0xff, 0)
+  this[offset] = (value & 0xff)
+  return offset + 1
+}
 
-// 4. Pure assertion tests whether a value is truthy, as determined
-// by !!guard.
-// assert.ok(guard, message_opt);
-// This statement is equivalent to assert.equal(true, !!guard,
-// message_opt);. To test strictly for the value true, use
-// assert.strictEqual(true, guard, message_opt);.
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16LE = function writeUInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
+  this[offset] = (value & 0xff)
+  this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
+  return offset + 2
+}
 
-function ok(value, message) {
-  if (!value) fail(value, true, message, '==', assert.ok);
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16BE = function writeUInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
+  this[offset] = (value >>> 8)
+  this[offset + 1] = (value & 0xff)
+  return offset + 2
 }
-assert.ok = ok;
 
-// 5. The equality assertion tests shallow, coercive equality with
-// ==.
-// assert.equal(actual, expected, message_opt);
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32LE = function writeUInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
+  this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24)
+  this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16)
+  this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
+  this[offset] = (value & 0xff)
+  return offset + 4
+}
 
-assert.equal = function equal(actual, expected, message) {
-  if (actual != expected) fail(actual, expected, message, '==', assert.equal);
-};
+Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32BE = function writeUInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
+  this[offset] = (value >>> 24)
+  this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16)
+  this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8)
+  this[offset + 3] = (value & 0xff)
+  return offset + 4
+}
 
-// 6. The non-equality assertion tests for whether two objects are not equal
-// with != assert.notEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+Buffer.prototype.writeIntLE = function writeIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    var limit = Math.pow(2, (8 * byteLength) - 1)
 
-assert.notEqual = function notEqual(actual, expected, message) {
-  if (actual == expected) {
-    fail(actual, expected, message, '!=', assert.notEqual);
+    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
   }
-};
-
-// 7. The equivalence assertion tests a deep equality relation.
-// assert.deepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
 
-assert.deepEqual = function deepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
-  if (!_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
-    fail(actual, expected, message, 'deepEqual', assert.deepEqual);
+  var i = 0
+  var mul = 1
+  var sub = 0
+  this[offset] = value & 0xFF
+  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i - 1] !== 0) {
+      sub = 1
+    }
+    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF
   }
-};
 
-function _deepEqual(actual, expected) {
-  // 7.1. All identical values are equivalent, as determined by ===.
-  if (actual === expected) {
-    return true;
+  return offset + byteLength
+}
 
-  } else if (util.isBuffer(actual) && util.isBuffer(expected)) {
-    if (actual.length != expected.length) return false;
+Buffer.prototype.writeIntBE = function writeIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    var limit = Math.pow(2, (8 * byteLength) - 1)
 
-    for (var i = 0; i < actual.length; i++) {
-      if (actual[i] !== expected[i]) return false;
+    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
+  }
+
+  var i = byteLength - 1
+  var mul = 1
+  var sub = 0
+  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF
+  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
+    if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i + 1] !== 0) {
+      sub = 1
     }
+    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF
+  }
 
-    return true;
+  return offset + byteLength
+}
 
-  // 7.2. If the expected value is a Date object, the actual value is
-  // equivalent if it is also a Date object that refers to the same time.
-  } else if (util.isDate(actual) && util.isDate(expected)) {
-    return actual.getTime() === expected.getTime();
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt8 = function writeInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0x7f, -0x80)
+  if (value < 0) value = 0xff + value + 1
+  this[offset] = (value & 0xff)
+  return offset + 1
+}
 
-  // 7.3 If the expected value is a RegExp object, the actual value is
-  // equivalent if it is also a RegExp object with the same source and
-  // properties (`global`, `multiline`, `lastIndex`, `ignoreCase`).
-  } else if (util.isRegExp(actual) && util.isRegExp(expected)) {
-    return actual.source === expected.source &&
-           actual.global === expected.global &&
-           actual.multiline === expected.multiline &&
-           actual.lastIndex === expected.lastIndex &&
-           actual.ignoreCase === expected.ignoreCase;
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt16LE = function writeInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
+  this[offset] = (value & 0xff)
+  this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
+  return offset + 2
+}
 
-  // 7.4. Other pairs that do not both pass typeof value == 'object',
-  // equivalence is determined by ==.
-  } else if (!util.isObject(actual) && !util.isObject(expected)) {
-    return actual == expected;
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt16BE = function writeInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
+  this[offset] = (value >>> 8)
+  this[offset + 1] = (value & 0xff)
+  return offset + 2
+}
 
-  // 7.5 For all other Object pairs, including Array objects, equivalence is
-  // determined by having the same number of owned properties (as verified
-  // with Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call), the same set of keys
-  // (although not necessarily the same order), equivalent values for every
-  // corresponding key, and an identical 'prototype' property. Note: this
-  // accounts for both named and indexed properties on Arrays.
-  } else {
-    return objEquiv(actual, expected);
-  }
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt32LE = function writeInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
+  this[offset] = (value & 0xff)
+  this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
+  this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16)
+  this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24)
+  return offset + 4
 }
 
-function isArguments(object) {
-  return Object.prototype.toString.call(object) == '[object Arguments]';
+Buffer.prototype.writeInt32BE = function writeInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
+  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
+  this[offset] = (value >>> 24)
+  this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16)
+  this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8)
+  this[offset + 3] = (value & 0xff)
+  return offset + 4
 }
 
-function objEquiv(a, b) {
-  if (util.isNullOrUndefined(a) || util.isNullOrUndefined(b))
-    return false;
-  // an identical 'prototype' property.
-  if (a.prototype !== b.prototype) return false;
-  // if one is a primitive, the other must be same
-  if (util.isPrimitive(a) || util.isPrimitive(b)) {
-    return a === b;
-  }
-  var aIsArgs = isArguments(a),
-      bIsArgs = isArguments(b);
-  if ((aIsArgs && !bIsArgs) || (!aIsArgs && bIsArgs))
-    return false;
-  if (aIsArgs) {
-    a = pSlice.call(a);
-    b = pSlice.call(b);
-    return _deepEqual(a, b);
-  }
-  var ka = objectKeys(a),
-      kb = objectKeys(b),
-      key, i;
-  // having the same number of owned properties (keys incorporates
-  // hasOwnProperty)
-  if (ka.length != kb.length)
-    return false;
-  //the same set of keys (although not necessarily the same order),
-  ka.sort();
-  kb.sort();
-  //~~~cheap key test
-  for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-    if (ka[i] != kb[i])
-      return false;
-  }
-  //equivalent values for every corresponding key, and
-  //~~~possibly expensive deep test
-  for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-    key = ka[i];
-    if (!_deepEqual(a[key], b[key])) return false;
+function checkIEEE754 (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
+  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
+  if (offset < 0) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
+}
+
+function writeFloat (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 4, 3.4028234663852886e+38, -3.4028234663852886e+38)
   }
-  return true;
+  ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 23, 4)
+  return offset + 4
 }
 
-// 8. The non-equivalence assertion tests for any deep inequality.
-// assert.notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+Buffer.prototype.writeFloatLE = function writeFloatLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
+}
 
-assert.notDeepEqual = function notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
-  if (_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
-    fail(actual, expected, message, 'notDeepEqual', assert.notDeepEqual);
+Buffer.prototype.writeFloatBE = function writeFloatBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
+}
+
+function writeDouble (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
+  value = +value
+  offset = offset >>> 0
+  if (!noAssert) {
+    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 8, 1.7976931348623157E+308, -1.7976931348623157E+308)
   }
-};
+  ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 52, 8)
+  return offset + 8
+}
 
-// 9. The strict equality assertion tests strict equality, as determined by ===.
-// assert.strictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleLE = function writeDoubleLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
+}
 
-assert.strictEqual = function strictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
-  if (actual !== expected) {
-    fail(actual, expected, message, '===', assert.strictEqual);
-  }
-};
+Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleBE = function writeDoubleBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
+  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
+}
 
-// 10. The strict non-equality assertion tests for strict inequality, as
-// determined by !==.  assert.notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+// copy(targetBuffer, targetStart=0, sourceStart=0, sourceEnd=buffer.length)
+Buffer.prototype.copy = function copy (target, targetStart, start, end) {
+  if (!start) start = 0
+  if (!end && end !== 0) end = this.length
+  if (targetStart >= target.length) targetStart = target.length
+  if (!targetStart) targetStart = 0
+  if (end > 0 && end < start) end = start
 
-assert.notStrictEqual = function notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
-  if (actual === expected) {
-    fail(actual, expected, message, '!==', assert.notStrictEqual);
+  // Copy 0 bytes; we're done
+  if (end === start) return 0
+  if (target.length === 0 || this.length === 0) return 0
+
+  // Fatal error conditions
+  if (targetStart < 0) {
+    throw new RangeError('targetStart out of bounds')
   }
-};
+  if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('sourceStart out of bounds')
+  if (end < 0) throw new RangeError('sourceEnd out of bounds')
 
-function expectedException(actual, expected) {
-  if (!actual || !expected) {
-    return false;
+  // Are we oob?
+  if (end > this.length) end = this.length
+  if (target.length - targetStart < end - start) {
+    end = target.length - targetStart + start
   }
 
-  if (Object.prototype.toString.call(expected) == '[object RegExp]') {
-    return expected.test(actual);
-  } else if (actual instanceof expected) {
-    return true;
-  } else if (expected.call({}, actual) === true) {
-    return true;
+  var len = end - start
+  var i
+
+  if (this === target && start < targetStart && targetStart < end) {
+    // descending copy from end
+    for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
+    }
+  } else if (len < 1000) {
+    // ascending copy from start
+    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
+    }
+  } else {
+    Uint8Array.prototype.set.call(
+      target,
+      this.subarray(start, start + len),
+      targetStart
+    )
   }
 
-  return false;
+  return len
 }
 
-function _throws(shouldThrow, block, expected, message) {
-  var actual;
+// Usage:
+//    buffer.fill(number[, offset[, end]])
+//    buffer.fill(buffer[, offset[, end]])
+//    buffer.fill(string[, offset[, end]][, encoding])
+Buffer.prototype.fill = function fill (val, start, end, encoding) {
+  // Handle string cases:
+  if (typeof val === 'string') {
+    if (typeof start === 'string') {
+      encoding = start
+      start = 0
+      end = this.length
+    } else if (typeof end === 'string') {
+      encoding = end
+      end = this.length
+    }
+    if (val.length === 1) {
+      var code = val.charCodeAt(0)
+      if (code < 256) {
+        val = code
+      }
+    }
+    if (encoding !== undefined && typeof encoding !== 'string') {
+      throw new TypeError('encoding must be a string')
+    }
+    if (typeof encoding === 'string' && !Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
+      throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
+    }
+  } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
+    val = val & 255
+  }
 
-  if (util.isString(expected)) {
-    message = expected;
-    expected = null;
+  // Invalid ranges are not set to a default, so can range check early.
+  if (start < 0 || this.length < start || this.length < end) {
+    throw new RangeError('Out of range index')
   }
 
-  try {
-    block();
-  } catch (e) {
-    actual = e;
+  if (end <= start) {
+    return this
   }
 
-  message = (expected && expected.name ? ' (' + expected.name + ').' : '.') +
-            (message ? ' ' + message : '.');
+  start = start >>> 0
+  end = end === undefined ? this.length : end >>> 0
 
-  if (shouldThrow && !actual) {
-    fail(actual, expected, 'Missing expected exception' + message);
-  }
+  if (!val) val = 0
 
-  if (!shouldThrow && expectedException(actual, expected)) {
-    fail(actual, expected, 'Got unwanted exception' + message);
+  var i
+  if (typeof val === 'number') {
+    for (i = start; i < end; ++i) {
+      this[i] = val
+    }
+  } else {
+    var bytes = Buffer.isBuffer(val)
+      ? val
+      : new Buffer(val, encoding)
+    var len = bytes.length
+    for (i = 0; i < end - start; ++i) {
+      this[i + start] = bytes[i % len]
+    }
   }
 
-  if ((shouldThrow && actual && expected &&
-      !expectedException(actual, expected)) || (!shouldThrow && actual)) {
-    throw actual;
-  }
+  return this
 }
 
-// 11. Expected to throw an error:
-// assert.throws(block, Error_opt, message_opt);
-
-assert.throws = function(block, /*optional*/error, /*optional*/message) {
-  _throws.apply(this, [true].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
-};
-
-// EXTENSION! This is annoying to write outside this module.
-assert.doesNotThrow = function(block, /*optional*/message) {
-  _throws.apply(this, [false].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
-};
+// HELPER FUNCTIONS
+// ================
 
-assert.ifError = function(err) { if (err) {throw err;}};
+var INVALID_BASE64_RE = /[^+/0-9A-Za-z-_]/g
 
-var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
-  var keys = [];
-  for (var key in obj) {
-    if (hasOwn.call(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
+function base64clean (str) {
+  // Node strips out invalid characters like \n and \t from the string, base64-js does not
+  str = stringtrim(str).replace(INVALID_BASE64_RE, '')
+  // Node converts strings with length < 2 to ''
+  if (str.length < 2) return ''
+  // Node allows for non-padded base64 strings (missing trailing ===), base64-js does not
+  while (str.length % 4 !== 0) {
+    str = str + '='
   }
-  return keys;
-};
-
-},{"util/":29}],6:[function(require,module,exports){
-
-},{}],7:[function(require,module,exports){
-/*!
- * The buffer module from node.js, for the browser.
- *
- * @author   Feross Aboukhadijeh <feross@feross.org> <http://feross.org>
- * @license  MIT
- */
-
-var base64 = require('base64-js')
-var ieee754 = require('ieee754')
-var isArray = require('is-array')
+  return str
+}
 
-exports.Buffer = Buffer
-exports.SlowBuffer = SlowBuffer
-exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50
-Buffer.poolSize = 8192 // not used by this implementation
+function stringtrim (str) {
+  if (str.trim) return str.trim()
+  return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, '')
+}
 
-var rootParent = {}
+function toHex (n) {
+  if (n < 16) return '0' + n.toString(16)
+  return n.toString(16)
+}
 
-/**
- * If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
- *   === true    Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
- *   === false   Use Object implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
- *
- * Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
- * Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
- *
- * Due to various browser bugs, sometimes the Object implementation will be used even
- * when the browser supports typed arrays.
- *
- * Note:
- *
- *   - Firefox 4-29 lacks support for adding new properties to `Uint8Array` instances,
- *     See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438.
- *
- *   - Safari 5-7 lacks support for changing the `Object.prototype.constructor` property
- *     on objects.
- *
- *   - Chrome 9-10 is missing the `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function.
- *
- *   - IE10 has a broken `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function which returns arrays of
- *     incorrect length in some situations.
+function utf8ToBytes (string, units) {
+  units = units || Infinity
+  var codePoint
+  var length = string.length
+  var leadSurrogate = null
+  var bytes = []
 
- * We detect these buggy browsers and set `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT` to `false` so they
- * get the Object implementation, which is slower but behaves correctly.
- */
-Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT = (function () {
-  function Bar () {}
-  try {
-    var arr = new Uint8Array(1)
-    arr.foo = function () { return 42 }
-    arr.constructor = Bar
-    return arr.foo() === 42 && // typed array instances can be augmented
-        arr.constructor === Bar && // constructor can be set
-        typeof arr.subarray === 'function' && // chrome 9-10 lack `subarray`
-        arr.subarray(1, 1).byteLength === 0 // ie10 has broken `subarray`
-  } catch (e) {
-    return false
-  }
-})()
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+    codePoint = string.charCodeAt(i)
 
-function kMaxLength () {
-  return Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT
-    ? 0x7fffffff
-    : 0x3fffffff
-}
+    // is surrogate component
+    if (codePoint > 0xD7FF && codePoint < 0xE000) {
+      // last char was a lead
+      if (!leadSurrogate) {
+        // no lead yet
+        if (codePoint > 0xDBFF) {
+          // unexpected trail
+          if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
+          continue
+        } else if (i + 1 === length) {
+          // unpaired lead
+          if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
+          continue
+        }
 
-/**
- * Class: Buffer
- * =============
- *
- * The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that are augmented
- * with function properties for all the node `Buffer` API functions. We use
- * `Uint8Array` so that square bracket notation works as expected -- it returns
- * a single octet.
- *
- * By augmenting the instances, we can avoid modifying the `Uint8Array`
- * prototype.
- */
-function Buffer (arg) {
-  if (!(this instanceof Buffer)) {
-    // Avoid going through an ArgumentsAdaptorTrampoline in the common case.
-    if (arguments.length > 1) return new Buffer(arg, arguments[1])
-    return new Buffer(arg)
-  }
+        // valid lead
+        leadSurrogate = codePoint
 
-  this.length = 0
-  this.parent = undefined
+        continue
+      }
 
-  // Common case.
-  if (typeof arg === 'number') {
-    return fromNumber(this, arg)
-  }
+      // 2 leads in a row
+      if (codePoint < 0xDC00) {
+        if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
+        leadSurrogate = codePoint
+        continue
+      }
 
-  // Slightly less common case.
-  if (typeof arg === 'string') {
-    return fromString(this, arg, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : 'utf8')
-  }
+      // valid surrogate pair
+      codePoint = (leadSurrogate - 0xD800 << 10 | codePoint - 0xDC00) + 0x10000
+    } else if (leadSurrogate) {
+      // valid bmp char, but last char was a lead
+      if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
+    }
 
-  // Unusual.
-  return fromObject(this, arg)
-}
+    leadSurrogate = null
 
-function fromNumber (that, length) {
-  that = allocate(that, length < 0 ? 0 : checked(length) | 0)
-  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-      that[i] = 0
+    // encode utf8
+    if (codePoint < 0x80) {
+      if ((units -= 1) < 0) break
+      bytes.push(codePoint)
+    } else if (codePoint < 0x800) {
+      if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
+      bytes.push(
+        codePoint >> 0x6 | 0xC0,
+        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
+      )
+    } else if (codePoint < 0x10000) {
+      if ((units -= 3) < 0) break
+      bytes.push(
+        codePoint >> 0xC | 0xE0,
+        codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
+        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
+      )
+    } else if (codePoint < 0x110000) {
+      if ((units -= 4) < 0) break
+      bytes.push(
+        codePoint >> 0x12 | 0xF0,
+        codePoint >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80,
+        codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
+        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
+      )
+    } else {
+      throw new Error('Invalid code point')
     }
   }
-  return that
-}
 
-function fromString (that, string, encoding) {
-  if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') encoding = 'utf8'
-
-  // Assumption: byteLength() return value is always < kMaxLength.
-  var length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0
-  that = allocate(that, length)
-
-  that.write(string, encoding)
-  return that
+  return bytes
 }
 
-function fromObject (that, object) {
-  if (Buffer.isBuffer(object)) return fromBuffer(that, object)
-
-  if (isArray(object)) return fromArray(that, object)
-
-  if (object == null) {
-    throw new TypeError('must start with number, buffer, array or string')
-  }
-
-  if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined') {
-    if (object.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
-      return fromTypedArray(that, object)
-    }
-    if (object instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
-      return fromArrayBuffer(that, object)
-    }
+function asciiToBytes (str) {
+  var byteArray = []
+  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
+    // Node's code seems to be doing this and not & 0x7F..
+    byteArray.push(str.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF)
   }
-
-  if (object.length) return fromArrayLike(that, object)
-
-  return fromJsonObject(that, object)
+  return byteArray
 }
 
-function fromBuffer (that, buffer) {
-  var length = checked(buffer.length) | 0
-  that = allocate(that, length)
-  buffer.copy(that, 0, 0, length)
-  return that
-}
+function utf16leToBytes (str, units) {
+  var c, hi, lo
+  var byteArray = []
+  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
+    if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
 
-function fromArray (that, array) {
-  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
-  that = allocate(that, length)
-  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-    that[i] = array[i] & 255
+    c = str.charCodeAt(i)
+    hi = c >> 8
+    lo = c % 256
+    byteArray.push(lo)
+    byteArray.push(hi)
   }
-  return that
+
+  return byteArray
 }
 
-// Duplicate of fromArray() to keep fromArray() monomorphic.
-function fromTypedArray (that, array) {
-  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
-  that = allocate(that, length)
-  // Truncating the elements is probably not what people expect from typed
-  // arrays with BYTES_PER_ELEMENT > 1 but it's compatible with the behavior
-  // of the old Buffer constructor.
-  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-    that[i] = array[i] & 255
-  }
-  return that
+function base64ToBytes (str) {
+  return base64.toByteArray(base64clean(str))
 }
 
-function fromArrayBuffer (that, array) {
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
-    array.byteLength
-    that = Buffer._augment(new Uint8Array(array))
-  } else {
-    // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
-    that = fromTypedArray(that, new Uint8Array(array))
+function blitBuffer (src, dst, offset, length) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+    if ((i + offset >= dst.length) || (i >= src.length)) break
+    dst[i + offset] = src[i]
   }
-  return that
+  return i
 }
 
-function fromArrayLike (that, array) {
-  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
-  that = allocate(that, length)
-  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-    that[i] = array[i] & 255
-  }
-  return that
+function isnan (val) {
+  return val !== val // eslint-disable-line no-self-compare
 }
 
-// Deserialize { type: 'Buffer', data: [1,2,3,...] } into a Buffer object.
-// Returns a zero-length buffer for inputs that don't conform to the spec.
-function fromJsonObject (that, object) {
-  var array
-  var length = 0
+},{"base64-js":2,"ieee754":8}],6:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
-  if (object.type === 'Buffer' && isArray(object.data)) {
-    array = object.data
-    length = checked(array.length) | 0
-  }
-  that = allocate(that, length)
+// NOTE: These type checking functions intentionally don't use `instanceof`
+// because it is fragile and can be easily faked with `Object.create()`.
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-    that[i] = array[i] & 255
+function isArray(arg) {
+  if (Array.isArray) {
+    return Array.isArray(arg);
   }
-  return that
+  return objectToString(arg) === '[object Array]';
 }
+exports.isArray = isArray;
 
-function allocate (that, length) {
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
-    that = Buffer._augment(new Uint8Array(length))
-  } else {
-    // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
-    that.length = length
-    that._isBuffer = true
-  }
-
-  var fromPool = length !== 0 && length <= Buffer.poolSize >>> 1
-  if (fromPool) that.parent = rootParent
-
-  return that
+function isBoolean(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'boolean';
 }
+exports.isBoolean = isBoolean;
 
-function checked (length) {
-  // Note: cannot use `length < kMaxLength` here because that fails when
-  // length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
-  if (length >= kMaxLength()) {
-    throw new RangeError('Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
-                         'size: 0x' + kMaxLength().toString(16) + ' bytes')
-  }
-  return length | 0
+function isNull(arg) {
+  return arg === null;
 }
+exports.isNull = isNull;
 
-function SlowBuffer (subject, encoding) {
-  if (!(this instanceof SlowBuffer)) return new SlowBuffer(subject, encoding)
-
-  var buf = new Buffer(subject, encoding)
-  delete buf.parent
-  return buf
+function isNullOrUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg == null;
 }
+exports.isNullOrUndefined = isNullOrUndefined;
 
-Buffer.isBuffer = function isBuffer (b) {
-  return !!(b != null && b._isBuffer)
+function isNumber(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'number';
 }
+exports.isNumber = isNumber;
 
-Buffer.compare = function compare (a, b) {
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(a) || !Buffer.isBuffer(b)) {
-    throw new TypeError('Arguments must be Buffers')
-  }
-
-  if (a === b) return 0
-
-  var x = a.length
-  var y = b.length
-
-  var i = 0
-  var len = Math.min(x, y)
-  while (i < len) {
-    if (a[i] !== b[i]) break
-
-    ++i
-  }
-
-  if (i !== len) {
-    x = a[i]
-    y = b[i]
-  }
-
-  if (x < y) return -1
-  if (y < x) return 1
-  return 0
+function isString(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'string';
 }
+exports.isString = isString;
 
-Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding (encoding) {
-  switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
-    case 'hex':
-    case 'utf8':
-    case 'utf-8':
-    case 'ascii':
-    case 'binary':
-    case 'base64':
-    case 'raw':
-    case 'ucs2':
-    case 'ucs-2':
-    case 'utf16le':
-    case 'utf-16le':
-      return true
-    default:
-      return false
-  }
+function isSymbol(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'symbol';
 }
+exports.isSymbol = isSymbol;
 
-Buffer.concat = function concat (list, length) {
-  if (!isArray(list)) throw new TypeError('list argument must be an Array of Buffers.')
-
-  if (list.length === 0) {
-    return new Buffer(0)
-  }
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg === void 0;
+}
+exports.isUndefined = isUndefined;
 
-  var i
-  if (length === undefined) {
-    length = 0
-    for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
-      length += list[i].length
-    }
-  }
+function isRegExp(re) {
+  return objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
+}
+exports.isRegExp = isRegExp;
 
-  var buf = new Buffer(length)
-  var pos = 0
-  for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
-    var item = list[i]
-    item.copy(buf, pos)
-    pos += item.length
-  }
-  return buf
+function isObject(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
 }
+exports.isObject = isObject;
 
-function byteLength (string, encoding) {
-  if (typeof string !== 'string') string = '' + string
+function isDate(d) {
+  return objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
+}
+exports.isDate = isDate;
 
-  var len = string.length
-  if (len === 0) return 0
+function isError(e) {
+  return (objectToString(e) === '[object Error]' || e instanceof Error);
+}
+exports.isError = isError;
 
-  // Use a for loop to avoid recursion
-  var loweredCase = false
-  for (;;) {
-    switch (encoding) {
-      case 'ascii':
-      case 'binary':
-      // Deprecated
-      case 'raw':
-      case 'raws':
-        return len
-      case 'utf8':
-      case 'utf-8':
-        return utf8ToBytes(string).length
-      case 'ucs2':
-      case 'ucs-2':
-      case 'utf16le':
-      case 'utf-16le':
-        return len * 2
-      case 'hex':
-        return len >>> 1
-      case 'base64':
-        return base64ToBytes(string).length
-      default:
-        if (loweredCase) return utf8ToBytes(string).length // assume utf8
-        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
-        loweredCase = true
-    }
-  }
+function isFunction(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'function';
 }
-Buffer.byteLength = byteLength
+exports.isFunction = isFunction;
 
-// pre-set for values that may exist in the future
-Buffer.prototype.length = undefined
-Buffer.prototype.parent = undefined
+function isPrimitive(arg) {
+  return arg === null ||
+         typeof arg === 'boolean' ||
+         typeof arg === 'number' ||
+         typeof arg === 'string' ||
+         typeof arg === 'symbol' ||  // ES6 symbol
+         typeof arg === 'undefined';
+}
+exports.isPrimitive = isPrimitive;
 
-function slowToString (encoding, start, end) {
-  var loweredCase = false
+exports.isBuffer = Buffer.isBuffer;
 
-  start = start | 0
-  end = end === undefined || end === Infinity ? this.length : end | 0
+function objectToString(o) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
+}
 
-  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
-  if (start < 0) start = 0
-  if (end > this.length) end = this.length
-  if (end <= start) return ''
+}).call(this,{"isBuffer":require("../../is-buffer/index.js")})
+},{"../../is-buffer/index.js":10}],7:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
-  while (true) {
-    switch (encoding) {
-      case 'hex':
-        return hexSlice(this, start, end)
+function EventEmitter() {
+  this._events = this._events || {};
+  this._maxListeners = this._maxListeners || undefined;
+}
+module.exports = EventEmitter;
 
-      case 'utf8':
-      case 'utf-8':
-        return utf8Slice(this, start, end)
+// Backwards-compat with node 0.10.x
+EventEmitter.EventEmitter = EventEmitter;
 
-      case 'ascii':
-        return asciiSlice(this, start, end)
+EventEmitter.prototype._events = undefined;
+EventEmitter.prototype._maxListeners = undefined;
 
-      case 'binary':
-        return binarySlice(this, start, end)
+// By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are
+// added to it. This is a useful default which helps finding memory leaks.
+EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners = 10;
 
-      case 'base64':
-        return base64Slice(this, start, end)
+// Obviously not all Emitters should be limited to 10. This function allows
+// that to be increased. Set to zero for unlimited.
+EventEmitter.prototype.setMaxListeners = function(n) {
+  if (!isNumber(n) || n < 0 || isNaN(n))
+    throw TypeError('n must be a positive number');
+  this._maxListeners = n;
+  return this;
+};
 
-      case 'ucs2':
-      case 'ucs-2':
-      case 'utf16le':
-      case 'utf-16le':
-        return utf16leSlice(this, start, end)
+EventEmitter.prototype.emit = function(type) {
+  var er, handler, len, args, i, listeners;
 
-      default:
-        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
-        encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase()
-        loweredCase = true
+  if (!this._events)
+    this._events = {};
+
+  // If there is no 'error' event listener then throw.
+  if (type === 'error') {
+    if (!this._events.error ||
+        (isObject(this._events.error) && !this._events.error.length)) {
+      er = arguments[1];
+      if (er instanceof Error) {
+        throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event
+      } else {
+        // At least give some kind of context to the user
+        var err = new Error('Uncaught, unspecified "error" event. (' + er + ')');
+        err.context = er;
+        throw err;
+      }
     }
   }
-}
 
-Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-  var length = this.length | 0
-  if (length === 0) return ''
-  if (arguments.length === 0) return utf8Slice(this, 0, length)
-  return slowToString.apply(this, arguments)
-}
+  handler = this._events[type];
 
-Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals (b) {
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
-  if (this === b) return true
-  return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0
-}
+  if (isUndefined(handler))
+    return false;
 
-Buffer.prototype.inspect = function inspect () {
-  var str = ''
-  var max = exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES
-  if (this.length > 0) {
-    str = this.toString('hex', 0, max).match(/.{2}/g).join(' ')
-    if (this.length > max) str += ' ... '
+  if (isFunction(handler)) {
+    switch (arguments.length) {
+      // fast cases
+      case 1:
+        handler.call(this);
+        break;
+      case 2:
+        handler.call(this, arguments[1]);
+        break;
+      case 3:
+        handler.call(this, arguments[1], arguments[2]);
+        break;
+      // slower
+      default:
+        args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1);
+        handler.apply(this, args);
+    }
+  } else if (isObject(handler)) {
+    args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1);
+    listeners = handler.slice();
+    len = listeners.length;
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+      listeners[i].apply(this, args);
   }
-  return '<Buffer ' + str + '>'
-}
 
-Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare (b) {
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
-  if (this === b) return 0
-  return Buffer.compare(this, b)
-}
+  return true;
+};
 
-Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf (val, byteOffset) {
-  if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) byteOffset = 0x7fffffff
-  else if (byteOffset < -0x80000000) byteOffset = -0x80000000
-  byteOffset >>= 0
+EventEmitter.prototype.addListener = function(type, listener) {
+  var m;
 
-  if (this.length === 0) return -1
-  if (byteOffset >= this.length) return -1
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
 
-  // Negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
-  if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = Math.max(this.length + byteOffset, 0)
+  if (!this._events)
+    this._events = {};
 
-  if (typeof val === 'string') {
-    if (val.length === 0) return -1 // special case: looking for empty string always fails
-    return String.prototype.indexOf.call(this, val, byteOffset)
-  }
-  if (Buffer.isBuffer(val)) {
-    return arrayIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset)
-  }
-  if (typeof val === 'number') {
-    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function') {
-      return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(this, val, byteOffset)
+  // To avoid recursion in the case that type === "newListener"! Before
+  // adding it to the listeners, first emit "newListener".
+  if (this._events.newListener)
+    this.emit('newListener', type,
+              isFunction(listener.listener) ?
+              listener.listener : listener);
+
+  if (!this._events[type])
+    // Optimize the case of one listener. Don't need the extra array object.
+    this._events[type] = listener;
+  else if (isObject(this._events[type]))
+    // If we've already got an array, just append.
+    this._events[type].push(listener);
+  else
+    // Adding the second element, need to change to array.
+    this._events[type] = [this._events[type], listener];
+
+  // Check for listener leak
+  if (isObject(this._events[type]) && !this._events[type].warned) {
+    if (!isUndefined(this._maxListeners)) {
+      m = this._maxListeners;
+    } else {
+      m = EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners;
     }
-    return arrayIndexOf(this, [ val ], byteOffset)
-  }
 
-  function arrayIndexOf (arr, val, byteOffset) {
-    var foundIndex = -1
-    for (var i = 0; byteOffset + i < arr.length; i++) {
-      if (arr[byteOffset + i] === val[foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex]) {
-        if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i
-        if (i - foundIndex + 1 === val.length) return byteOffset + foundIndex
-      } else {
-        foundIndex = -1
+    if (m && m > 0 && this._events[type].length > m) {
+      this._events[type].warned = true;
+      console.error('(node) warning: possible EventEmitter memory ' +
+                    'leak detected. %d listeners added. ' +
+                    'Use emitter.setMaxListeners() to increase limit.',
+                    this._events[type].length);
+      if (typeof console.trace === 'function') {
+        // not supported in IE 10
+        console.trace();
       }
     }
-    return -1
   }
 
-  throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer')
-}
+  return this;
+};
 
-// `get` is deprecated
-Buffer.prototype.get = function get (offset) {
-  console.log('.get() is deprecated. Access using array indexes instead.')
-  return this.readUInt8(offset)
-}
+EventEmitter.prototype.on = EventEmitter.prototype.addListener;
 
-// `set` is deprecated
-Buffer.prototype.set = function set (v, offset) {
-  console.log('.set() is deprecated. Access using array indexes instead.')
-  return this.writeUInt8(v, offset)
-}
+EventEmitter.prototype.once = function(type, listener) {
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
 
-function hexWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
-  offset = Number(offset) || 0
-  var remaining = buf.length - offset
-  if (!length) {
-    length = remaining
-  } else {
-    length = Number(length)
-    if (length > remaining) {
-      length = remaining
+  var fired = false;
+
+  function g() {
+    this.removeListener(type, g);
+
+    if (!fired) {
+      fired = true;
+      listener.apply(this, arguments);
     }
   }
 
-  // must be an even number of digits
-  var strLen = string.length
-  if (strLen % 2 !== 0) throw new Error('Invalid hex string')
+  g.listener = listener;
+  this.on(type, g);
 
-  if (length > strLen / 2) {
-    length = strLen / 2
-  }
-  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-    var parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16)
-    if (isNaN(parsed)) throw new Error('Invalid hex string')
-    buf[offset + i] = parsed
-  }
-  return i
-}
+  return this;
+};
 
-function utf8Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
-  return blitBuffer(utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
-}
+// emits a 'removeListener' event iff the listener was removed
+EventEmitter.prototype.removeListener = function(type, listener) {
+  var list, position, length, i;
 
-function asciiWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
-  return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
-}
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
 
-function binaryWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
-  return asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length)
-}
+  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
+    return this;
 
-function base64Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
-  return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
-}
+  list = this._events[type];
+  length = list.length;
+  position = -1;
 
-function ucs2Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
-  return blitBuffer(utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
-}
+  if (list === listener ||
+      (isFunction(list.listener) && list.listener === listener)) {
+    delete this._events[type];
+    if (this._events.removeListener)
+      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
 
-Buffer.prototype.write = function write (string, offset, length, encoding) {
-  // Buffer#write(string)
-  if (offset === undefined) {
-    encoding = 'utf8'
-    length = this.length
-    offset = 0
-  // Buffer#write(string, encoding)
-  } else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
-    encoding = offset
-    length = this.length
-    offset = 0
-  // Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
-  } else if (isFinite(offset)) {
-    offset = offset | 0
-    if (isFinite(length)) {
-      length = length | 0
-      if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8'
+  } else if (isObject(list)) {
+    for (i = length; i-- > 0;) {
+      if (list[i] === listener ||
+          (list[i].listener && list[i].listener === listener)) {
+        position = i;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (position < 0)
+      return this;
+
+    if (list.length === 1) {
+      list.length = 0;
+      delete this._events[type];
     } else {
-      encoding = length
-      length = undefined
+      list.splice(position, 1);
     }
-  // legacy write(string, encoding, offset, length) - remove in v0.13
-  } else {
-    var swap = encoding
-    encoding = offset
-    offset = length | 0
-    length = swap
+
+    if (this._events.removeListener)
+      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
   }
 
-  var remaining = this.length - offset
-  if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining
+  return this;
+};
 
-  if ((string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) || offset > this.length) {
-    throw new RangeError('attempt to write outside buffer bounds')
-  }
+EventEmitter.prototype.removeAllListeners = function(type) {
+  var key, listeners;
 
-  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
+  if (!this._events)
+    return this;
 
-  var loweredCase = false
-  for (;;) {
-    switch (encoding) {
-      case 'hex':
-        return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length)
+  // not listening for removeListener, no need to emit
+  if (!this._events.removeListener) {
+    if (arguments.length === 0)
+      this._events = {};
+    else if (this._events[type])
+      delete this._events[type];
+    return this;
+  }
 
-      case 'utf8':
-      case 'utf-8':
-        return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length)
+  // emit removeListener for all listeners on all events
+  if (arguments.length === 0) {
+    for (key in this._events) {
+      if (key === 'removeListener') continue;
+      this.removeAllListeners(key);
+    }
+    this.removeAllListeners('removeListener');
+    this._events = {};
+    return this;
+  }
 
-      case 'ascii':
-        return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length)
+  listeners = this._events[type];
 
-      case 'binary':
-        return binaryWrite(this, string, offset, length)
+  if (isFunction(listeners)) {
+    this.removeListener(type, listeners);
+  } else if (listeners) {
+    // LIFO order
+    while (listeners.length)
+      this.removeListener(type, listeners[listeners.length - 1]);
+  }
+  delete this._events[type];
 
-      case 'base64':
-        // Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
-        return base64Write(this, string, offset, length)
+  return this;
+};
 
-      case 'ucs2':
-      case 'ucs-2':
-      case 'utf16le':
-      case 'utf-16le':
-        return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length)
+EventEmitter.prototype.listeners = function(type) {
+  var ret;
+  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
+    ret = [];
+  else if (isFunction(this._events[type]))
+    ret = [this._events[type]];
+  else
+    ret = this._events[type].slice();
+  return ret;
+};
 
-      default:
-        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
-        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
-        loweredCase = true
-    }
+EventEmitter.prototype.listenerCount = function(type) {
+  if (this._events) {
+    var evlistener = this._events[type];
+
+    if (isFunction(evlistener))
+      return 1;
+    else if (evlistener)
+      return evlistener.length;
   }
+  return 0;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.listenerCount = function(emitter, type) {
+  return emitter.listenerCount(type);
+};
+
+function isFunction(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'function';
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () {
-  return {
-    type: 'Buffer',
-    data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0)
-  }
+function isNumber(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'number';
 }
 
-function base64Slice (buf, start, end) {
-  if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
-    return base64.fromByteArray(buf)
+function isObject(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg === void 0;
+}
+
+},{}],8:[function(require,module,exports){
+exports.read = function (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
+  var e, m
+  var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1
+  var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1
+  var eBias = eMax >> 1
+  var nBits = -7
+  var i = isLE ? (nBytes - 1) : 0
+  var d = isLE ? -1 : 1
+  var s = buffer[offset + i]
+
+  i += d
+
+  e = s & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1)
+  s >>= (-nBits)
+  nBits += eLen
+  for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+
+  m = e & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1)
+  e >>= (-nBits)
+  nBits += mLen
+  for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+
+  if (e === 0) {
+    e = 1 - eBias
+  } else if (e === eMax) {
+    return m ? NaN : ((s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity)
   } else {
-    return base64.fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end))
+    m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen)
+    e = e - eBias
   }
+  return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen)
 }
 
-function utf8Slice (buf, start, end) {
-  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
-  var firstByte
-  var secondByte
-  var thirdByte
-  var fourthByte
-  var bytesPerSequence
-  var tempCodePoint
-  var codePoint
-  var res = []
-  var i = start
+exports.write = function (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
+  var e, m, c
+  var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1
+  var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1
+  var eBias = eMax >> 1
+  var rt = (mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0)
+  var i = isLE ? 0 : (nBytes - 1)
+  var d = isLE ? 1 : -1
+  var s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0
 
-  for (; i < end; i += bytesPerSequence) {
-    firstByte = buf[i]
-    codePoint = 0xFFFD
+  value = Math.abs(value)
 
-    if (firstByte > 0xEF) {
-      bytesPerSequence = 4
-    } else if (firstByte > 0xDF) {
-      bytesPerSequence = 3
-    } else if (firstByte > 0xBF) {
-      bytesPerSequence = 2
+  if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
+    m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0
+    e = eMax
+  } else {
+    e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2)
+    if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
+      e--
+      c *= 2
+    }
+    if (e + eBias >= 1) {
+      value += rt / c
     } else {
-      bytesPerSequence = 1
+      value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias)
     }
-
-    if (i + bytesPerSequence <= end) {
-      switch (bytesPerSequence) {
-        case 1:
-          if (firstByte < 0x80) {
-            codePoint = firstByte
-          }
-          break
-        case 2:
-          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
-          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (secondByte & 0x3F)
-            if (tempCodePoint > 0x7F) {
-              codePoint = tempCodePoint
-            }
-          }
-          break
-        case 3:
-          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
-          thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
-          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0xC | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (thirdByte & 0x3F)
-            if (tempCodePoint > 0x7FF && (tempCodePoint < 0xD800 || tempCodePoint > 0xDFFF)) {
-              codePoint = tempCodePoint
-            }
-          }
-          break
-        case 4:
-          secondByte = buf[i + 1]
-          thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
-          fourthByte = buf[i + 3]
-          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (fourthByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0x12 | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0xC | (thirdByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (fourthByte & 0x3F)
-            if (tempCodePoint > 0xFFFF && tempCodePoint < 0x110000) {
-              codePoint = tempCodePoint
-            }
-          }
-      }
+    if (value * c >= 2) {
+      e++
+      c /= 2
     }
 
-    if (codePoint === 0xFFFD) {
-      // we generated an invalid codePoint so make sure to only advance by 1 byte
-      bytesPerSequence = 1
-    } else if (codePoint > 0xFFFF) {
-      // encode to utf16 (surrogate pair dance)
-      codePoint -= 0x10000
-      res.push(codePoint >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800)
-      codePoint = 0xDC00 | codePoint & 0x3FF
+    if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
+      m = 0
+      e = eMax
+    } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
+      m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen)
+      e = e + eBias
+    } else {
+      m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen)
+      e = 0
     }
-
-    res.push(codePoint)
   }
 
-  return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, res)
-}
+  for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}
 
-function asciiSlice (buf, start, end) {
-  var ret = ''
-  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
+  e = (e << mLen) | m
+  eLen += mLen
+  for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}
 
-  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
-    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i] & 0x7F)
-  }
-  return ret
+  buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128
 }
 
-function binarySlice (buf, start, end) {
-  var ret = ''
-  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
-
-  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
-    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i])
+},{}],9:[function(require,module,exports){
+if (typeof Object.create === 'function') {
+  // implementation from standard node.js 'util' module
+  module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
+    ctor.super_ = superCtor
+    ctor.prototype = Object.create(superCtor.prototype, {
+      constructor: {
+        value: ctor,
+        enumerable: false,
+        writable: true,
+        configurable: true
+      }
+    });
+  };
+} else {
+  // old school shim for old browsers
+  module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
+    ctor.super_ = superCtor
+    var TempCtor = function () {}
+    TempCtor.prototype = superCtor.prototype
+    ctor.prototype = new TempCtor()
+    ctor.prototype.constructor = ctor
   }
-  return ret
 }
 
-function hexSlice (buf, start, end) {
-  var len = buf.length
-
-  if (!start || start < 0) start = 0
-  if (!end || end < 0 || end > len) end = len
+},{}],10:[function(require,module,exports){
+/*!
+ * Determine if an object is a Buffer
+ *
+ * @author   Feross Aboukhadijeh <feross@feross.org> <http://feross.org>
+ * @license  MIT
+ */
 
-  var out = ''
-  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
-    out += toHex(buf[i])
-  }
-  return out
+// The _isBuffer check is for Safari 5-7 support, because it's missing
+// Object.prototype.constructor. Remove this eventually
+module.exports = function (obj) {
+  return obj != null && (isBuffer(obj) || isSlowBuffer(obj) || !!obj._isBuffer)
 }
 
-function utf16leSlice (buf, start, end) {
-  var bytes = buf.slice(start, end)
-  var res = ''
-  for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {
-    res += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i] + bytes[i + 1] * 256)
-  }
-  return res
+function isBuffer (obj) {
+  return !!obj.constructor && typeof obj.constructor.isBuffer === 'function' && obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj)
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.slice = function slice (start, end) {
-  var len = this.length
-  start = ~~start
-  end = end === undefined ? len : ~~end
+// For Node v0.10 support. Remove this eventually.
+function isSlowBuffer (obj) {
+  return typeof obj.readFloatLE === 'function' && typeof obj.slice === 'function' && isBuffer(obj.slice(0, 0))
+}
 
-  if (start < 0) {
-    start += len
-    if (start < 0) start = 0
-  } else if (start > len) {
-    start = len
-  }
+},{}],11:[function(require,module,exports){
+var toString = {}.toString;
 
-  if (end < 0) {
-    end += len
-    if (end < 0) end = 0
-  } else if (end > len) {
-    end = len
-  }
+module.exports = Array.isArray || function (arr) {
+  return toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
+};
 
-  if (end < start) end = start
+},{}],12:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+'use strict';
 
-  var newBuf
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    newBuf = Buffer._augment(this.subarray(start, end))
-  } else {
-    var sliceLen = end - start
-    newBuf = new Buffer(sliceLen, undefined)
-    for (var i = 0; i < sliceLen; i++) {
-      newBuf[i] = this[i + start]
+if (!process.version ||
+    process.version.indexOf('v0.') === 0 ||
+    process.version.indexOf('v1.') === 0 && process.version.indexOf('v1.8.') !== 0) {
+  module.exports = nextTick;
+} else {
+  module.exports = process.nextTick;
+}
+
+function nextTick(fn, arg1, arg2, arg3) {
+  if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('"callback" argument must be a function');
+  }
+  var len = arguments.length;
+  var args, i;
+  switch (len) {
+  case 0:
+  case 1:
+    return process.nextTick(fn);
+  case 2:
+    return process.nextTick(function afterTickOne() {
+      fn.call(null, arg1);
+    });
+  case 3:
+    return process.nextTick(function afterTickTwo() {
+      fn.call(null, arg1, arg2);
+    });
+  case 4:
+    return process.nextTick(function afterTickThree() {
+      fn.call(null, arg1, arg2, arg3);
+    });
+  default:
+    args = new Array(len - 1);
+    i = 0;
+    while (i < args.length) {
+      args[i++] = arguments[i];
     }
+    return process.nextTick(function afterTick() {
+      fn.apply(null, args);
+    });
   }
-
-  if (newBuf.length) newBuf.parent = this.parent || this
-
-  return newBuf
 }
 
-/*
- * Need to make sure that buffer isn't trying to write out of bounds.
- */
-function checkOffset (offset, ext, length) {
-  if ((offset % 1) !== 0 || offset < 0) throw new RangeError('offset is not uint')
-  if (offset + ext > length) throw new RangeError('Trying to access beyond buffer length')
-}
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":13}],13:[function(require,module,exports){
+// shim for using process in browser
+var process = module.exports = {};
 
-Buffer.prototype.readUIntLE = function readUIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
-  offset = offset | 0
-  byteLength = byteLength | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+// cached from whatever global is present so that test runners that stub it
+// don't break things.  But we need to wrap it in a try catch in case it is
+// wrapped in strict mode code which doesn't define any globals.  It's inside a
+// function because try/catches deoptimize in certain engines.
+
+var cachedSetTimeout;
+var cachedClearTimeout;
+
+function defaultSetTimout() {
+    throw new Error('setTimeout has not been defined');
+}
+function defaultClearTimeout () {
+    throw new Error('clearTimeout has not been defined');
+}
+(function () {
+    try {
+        if (typeof setTimeout === 'function') {
+            cachedSetTimeout = setTimeout;
+        } else {
+            cachedSetTimeout = defaultSetTimout;
+        }
+    } catch (e) {
+        cachedSetTimeout = defaultSetTimout;
+    }
+    try {
+        if (typeof clearTimeout === 'function') {
+            cachedClearTimeout = clearTimeout;
+        } else {
+            cachedClearTimeout = defaultClearTimeout;
+        }
+    } catch (e) {
+        cachedClearTimeout = defaultClearTimeout;
+    }
+} ())
+function runTimeout(fun) {
+    if (cachedSetTimeout === setTimeout) {
+        //normal enviroments in sane situations
+        return setTimeout(fun, 0);
+    }
+    // if setTimeout wasn't available but was latter defined
+    if ((cachedSetTimeout === defaultSetTimout || !cachedSetTimeout) && setTimeout) {
+        cachedSetTimeout = setTimeout;
+        return setTimeout(fun, 0);
+    }
+    try {
+        // when when somebody has screwed with setTimeout but no I.E. maddness
+        return cachedSetTimeout(fun, 0);
+    } catch(e){
+        try {
+            // When we are in I.E. but the script has been evaled so I.E. doesn't trust the global object when called normally
+            return cachedSetTimeout.call(null, fun, 0);
+        } catch(e){
+            // same as above but when it's a version of I.E. that must have the global object for 'this', hopfully our context correct otherwise it will throw a global error
+            return cachedSetTimeout.call(this, fun, 0);
+        }
+    }
 
-  var val = this[offset]
-  var mul = 1
-  var i = 0
-  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
-    val += this[offset + i] * mul
-  }
 
-  return val
 }
+function runClearTimeout(marker) {
+    if (cachedClearTimeout === clearTimeout) {
+        //normal enviroments in sane situations
+        return clearTimeout(marker);
+    }
+    // if clearTimeout wasn't available but was latter defined
+    if ((cachedClearTimeout === defaultClearTimeout || !cachedClearTimeout) && clearTimeout) {
+        cachedClearTimeout = clearTimeout;
+        return clearTimeout(marker);
+    }
+    try {
+        // when when somebody has screwed with setTimeout but no I.E. maddness
+        return cachedClearTimeout(marker);
+    } catch (e){
+        try {
+            // When we are in I.E. but the script has been evaled so I.E. doesn't  trust the global object when called normally
+            return cachedClearTimeout.call(null, marker);
+        } catch (e){
+            // same as above but when it's a version of I.E. that must have the global object for 'this', hopfully our context correct otherwise it will throw a global error.
+            // Some versions of I.E. have different rules for clearTimeout vs setTimeout
+            return cachedClearTimeout.call(this, marker);
+        }
+    }
 
-Buffer.prototype.readUIntBE = function readUIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
-  offset = offset | 0
-  byteLength = byteLength | 0
-  if (!noAssert) {
-    checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
-  }
 
-  var val = this[offset + --byteLength]
-  var mul = 1
-  while (byteLength > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
-    val += this[offset + --byteLength] * mul
-  }
 
-  return val
 }
+var queue = [];
+var draining = false;
+var currentQueue;
+var queueIndex = -1;
 
-Buffer.prototype.readUInt8 = function readUInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
-  return this[offset]
+function cleanUpNextTick() {
+    if (!draining || !currentQueue) {
+        return;
+    }
+    draining = false;
+    if (currentQueue.length) {
+        queue = currentQueue.concat(queue);
+    } else {
+        queueIndex = -1;
+    }
+    if (queue.length) {
+        drainQueue();
+    }
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.readUInt16LE = function readUInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
-  return this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
-}
+function drainQueue() {
+    if (draining) {
+        return;
+    }
+    var timeout = runTimeout(cleanUpNextTick);
+    draining = true;
 
-Buffer.prototype.readUInt16BE = function readUInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
-  return (this[offset] << 8) | this[offset + 1]
+    var len = queue.length;
+    while(len) {
+        currentQueue = queue;
+        queue = [];
+        while (++queueIndex < len) {
+            if (currentQueue) {
+                currentQueue[queueIndex].run();
+            }
+        }
+        queueIndex = -1;
+        len = queue.length;
+    }
+    currentQueue = null;
+    draining = false;
+    runClearTimeout(timeout);
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.readUInt32LE = function readUInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+process.nextTick = function (fun) {
+    var args = new Array(arguments.length - 1);
+    if (arguments.length > 1) {
+        for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+            args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+        }
+    }
+    queue.push(new Item(fun, args));
+    if (queue.length === 1 && !draining) {
+        runTimeout(drainQueue);
+    }
+};
 
-  return ((this[offset]) |
-      (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
-      (this[offset + 2] << 16)) +
-      (this[offset + 3] * 0x1000000)
+// v8 likes predictible objects
+function Item(fun, array) {
+    this.fun = fun;
+    this.array = array;
 }
+Item.prototype.run = function () {
+    this.fun.apply(null, this.array);
+};
+process.title = 'browser';
+process.browser = true;
+process.env = {};
+process.argv = [];
+process.version = ''; // empty string to avoid regexp issues
+process.versions = {};
 
-Buffer.prototype.readUInt32BE = function readUInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+function noop() {}
 
-  return (this[offset] * 0x1000000) +
-    ((this[offset + 1] << 16) |
-    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
-    this[offset + 3])
-}
+process.on = noop;
+process.addListener = noop;
+process.once = noop;
+process.off = noop;
+process.removeListener = noop;
+process.removeAllListeners = noop;
+process.emit = noop;
 
-Buffer.prototype.readIntLE = function readIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
-  offset = offset | 0
-  byteLength = byteLength | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+process.binding = function (name) {
+    throw new Error('process.binding is not supported');
+};
 
-  var val = this[offset]
-  var mul = 1
-  var i = 0
-  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
-    val += this[offset + i] * mul
-  }
-  mul *= 0x80
+process.cwd = function () { return '/' };
+process.chdir = function (dir) {
+    throw new Error('process.chdir is not supported');
+};
+process.umask = function() { return 0; };
 
-  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)
+},{}],14:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_duplex.js")
 
-  return val
-}
+},{"./lib/_stream_duplex.js":15}],15:[function(require,module,exports){
+// a duplex stream is just a stream that is both readable and writable.
+// Since JS doesn't have multiple prototypal inheritance, this class
+// prototypally inherits from Readable, and then parasitically from
+// Writable.
 
-Buffer.prototype.readIntBE = function readIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
-  offset = offset | 0
-  byteLength = byteLength | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
+'use strict';
 
-  var i = byteLength
-  var mul = 1
-  var val = this[offset + --i]
-  while (i > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
-    val += this[offset + --i] * mul
-  }
-  mul *= 0x80
+/*<replacement>*/
 
-  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)
+var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
+  var keys = [];
+  for (var key in obj) {
+    keys.push(key);
+  }return keys;
+};
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-  return val
-}
+module.exports = Duplex;
 
-Buffer.prototype.readInt8 = function readInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
-  if (!(this[offset] & 0x80)) return (this[offset])
-  return ((0xff - this[offset] + 1) * -1)
-}
+/*<replacement>*/
+var processNextTick = require('process-nextick-args');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-Buffer.prototype.readInt16LE = function readInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
-  var val = this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
-  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
-}
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-Buffer.prototype.readInt16BE = function readInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
-  var val = this[offset + 1] | (this[offset] << 8)
-  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
-}
+var Readable = require('./_stream_readable');
+var Writable = require('./_stream_writable');
 
-Buffer.prototype.readInt32LE = function readInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+util.inherits(Duplex, Readable);
 
-  return (this[offset]) |
-    (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
-    (this[offset + 2] << 16) |
-    (this[offset + 3] << 24)
+var keys = objectKeys(Writable.prototype);
+for (var v = 0; v < keys.length; v++) {
+  var method = keys[v];
+  if (!Duplex.prototype[method]) Duplex.prototype[method] = Writable.prototype[method];
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.readInt32BE = function readInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
+function Duplex(options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof Duplex)) return new Duplex(options);
 
-  return (this[offset] << 24) |
-    (this[offset + 1] << 16) |
-    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
-    (this[offset + 3])
-}
+  Readable.call(this, options);
+  Writable.call(this, options);
 
-Buffer.prototype.readFloatLE = function readFloatLE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
-  return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 23, 4)
-}
+  if (options && options.readable === false) this.readable = false;
 
-Buffer.prototype.readFloatBE = function readFloatBE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
-  return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 23, 4)
+  if (options && options.writable === false) this.writable = false;
+
+  this.allowHalfOpen = true;
+  if (options && options.allowHalfOpen === false) this.allowHalfOpen = false;
+
+  this.once('end', onend);
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.readDoubleLE = function readDoubleLE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
-  return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 52, 8)
+// the no-half-open enforcer
+function onend() {
+  // if we allow half-open state, or if the writable side ended,
+  // then we're ok.
+  if (this.allowHalfOpen || this._writableState.ended) return;
+
+  // no more data can be written.
+  // But allow more writes to happen in this tick.
+  processNextTick(onEndNT, this);
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.readDoubleBE = function readDoubleBE (offset, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
-  return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 52, 8)
+function onEndNT(self) {
+  self.end();
 }
 
-function checkInt (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) throw new TypeError('buffer must be a Buffer instance')
-  if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('value is out of bounds')
-  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
+function forEach(xs, f) {
+  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
+    f(xs[i], i);
+  }
 }
+},{"./_stream_readable":17,"./_stream_writable":19,"core-util-is":6,"inherits":9,"process-nextick-args":12}],16:[function(require,module,exports){
+// a passthrough stream.
+// basically just the most minimal sort of Transform stream.
+// Every written chunk gets output as-is.
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeUIntLE = function writeUIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  byteLength = byteLength | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength), 0)
+'use strict';
 
-  var mul = 1
-  var i = 0
-  this[offset] = value & 0xFF
-  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
-    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF
-  }
+module.exports = PassThrough;
+
+var Transform = require('./_stream_transform');
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+util.inherits(PassThrough, Transform);
+
+function PassThrough(options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof PassThrough)) return new PassThrough(options);
 
-  return offset + byteLength
+  Transform.call(this, options);
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeUIntBE = function writeUIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  byteLength = byteLength | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength), 0)
+PassThrough.prototype._transform = function (chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  cb(null, chunk);
+};
+},{"./_stream_transform":18,"core-util-is":6,"inherits":9}],17:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+'use strict';
 
-  var i = byteLength - 1
-  var mul = 1
-  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF
-  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
-    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF
-  }
+module.exports = Readable;
 
-  return offset + byteLength
-}
+/*<replacement>*/
+var processNextTick = require('process-nextick-args');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeUInt8 = function writeUInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0xff, 0)
-  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value)
-  this[offset] = value
-  return offset + 1
-}
+/*<replacement>*/
+var isArray = require('isarray');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-function objectWriteUInt16 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
-  if (value < 0) value = 0xffff + value + 1
-  for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 2); i < j; i++) {
-    buf[offset + i] = (value & (0xff << (8 * (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i)))) >>>
-      (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i) * 8
-  }
-}
+/*<replacement>*/
+var Duplex;
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16LE = function writeUInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    this[offset] = value
-    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
-  } else {
-    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true)
-  }
-  return offset + 2
-}
+Readable.ReadableState = ReadableState;
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16BE = function writeUInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    this[offset] = (value >>> 8)
-    this[offset + 1] = value
-  } else {
-    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false)
-  }
-  return offset + 2
-}
+/*<replacement>*/
+var EE = require('events').EventEmitter;
 
-function objectWriteUInt32 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
-  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
-  for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 4); i < j; i++) {
-    buf[offset + i] = (value >>> (littleEndian ? i : 3 - i) * 8) & 0xff
-  }
-}
+var EElistenerCount = function (emitter, type) {
+  return emitter.listeners(type).length;
+};
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32LE = function writeUInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24)
-    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16)
-    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
-    this[offset] = value
-  } else {
-    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true)
+/*<replacement>*/
+var Stream;
+(function () {
+  try {
+    Stream = require('st' + 'ream');
+  } catch (_) {} finally {
+    if (!Stream) Stream = require('events').EventEmitter;
   }
-  return offset + 4
+})();
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
+/*<replacement>*/
+var bufferShim = require('buffer-shims');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
+
+/*<replacement>*/
+var debugUtil = require('util');
+var debug = void 0;
+if (debugUtil && debugUtil.debuglog) {
+  debug = debugUtil.debuglog('stream');
+} else {
+  debug = function () {};
 }
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32BE = function writeUInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    this[offset] = (value >>> 24)
-    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16)
-    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8)
-    this[offset + 3] = value
+var BufferList = require('./internal/streams/BufferList');
+var StringDecoder;
+
+util.inherits(Readable, Stream);
+
+function prependListener(emitter, event, fn) {
+  // Sadly this is not cacheable as some libraries bundle their own
+  // event emitter implementation with them.
+  if (typeof emitter.prependListener === 'function') {
+    return emitter.prependListener(event, fn);
   } else {
-    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false)
+    // This is a hack to make sure that our error handler is attached before any
+    // userland ones.  NEVER DO THIS. This is here only because this code needs
+    // to continue to work with older versions of Node.js that do not include
+    // the prependListener() method. The goal is to eventually remove this hack.
+    if (!emitter._events || !emitter._events[event]) emitter.on(event, fn);else if (isArray(emitter._events[event])) emitter._events[event].unshift(fn);else emitter._events[event] = [fn, emitter._events[event]];
   }
-  return offset + 4
 }
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeIntLE = function writeIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) {
-    var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1)
+function ReadableState(options, stream) {
+  Duplex = Duplex || require('./_stream_duplex');
 
-    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
-  }
+  options = options || {};
 
-  var i = 0
-  var mul = 1
-  var sub = value < 0 ? 1 : 0
-  this[offset] = value & 0xFF
-  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
-    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF
-  }
+  // object stream flag. Used to make read(n) ignore n and to
+  // make all the buffer merging and length checks go away
+  this.objectMode = !!options.objectMode;
 
-  return offset + byteLength
-}
+  if (stream instanceof Duplex) this.objectMode = this.objectMode || !!options.readableObjectMode;
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeIntBE = function writeIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) {
-    var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1)
+  // the point at which it stops calling _read() to fill the buffer
+  // Note: 0 is a valid value, means "don't call _read preemptively ever"
+  var hwm = options.highWaterMark;
+  var defaultHwm = this.objectMode ? 16 : 16 * 1024;
+  this.highWaterMark = hwm || hwm === 0 ? hwm : defaultHwm;
 
-    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
-  }
+  // cast to ints.
+  this.highWaterMark = ~ ~this.highWaterMark;
 
-  var i = byteLength - 1
-  var mul = 1
-  var sub = value < 0 ? 1 : 0
-  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF
-  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
-    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF
-  }
+  // A linked list is used to store data chunks instead of an array because the
+  // linked list can remove elements from the beginning faster than
+  // array.shift()
+  this.buffer = new BufferList();
+  this.length = 0;
+  this.pipes = null;
+  this.pipesCount = 0;
+  this.flowing = null;
+  this.ended = false;
+  this.endEmitted = false;
+  this.reading = false;
 
-  return offset + byteLength
-}
+  // a flag to be able to tell if the onwrite cb is called immediately,
+  // or on a later tick.  We set this to true at first, because any
+  // actions that shouldn't happen until "later" should generally also
+  // not happen before the first write call.
+  this.sync = true;
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeInt8 = function writeInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0x7f, -0x80)
-  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value)
-  if (value < 0) value = 0xff + value + 1
-  this[offset] = value
-  return offset + 1
-}
+  // whenever we return null, then we set a flag to say
+  // that we're awaiting a 'readable' event emission.
+  this.needReadable = false;
+  this.emittedReadable = false;
+  this.readableListening = false;
+  this.resumeScheduled = false;
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeInt16LE = function writeInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    this[offset] = value
-    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
-  } else {
-    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true)
-  }
-  return offset + 2
-}
+  // Crypto is kind of old and crusty.  Historically, its default string
+  // encoding is 'binary' so we have to make this configurable.
+  // Everything else in the universe uses 'utf8', though.
+  this.defaultEncoding = options.defaultEncoding || 'utf8';
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeInt16BE = function writeInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    this[offset] = (value >>> 8)
-    this[offset + 1] = value
-  } else {
-    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false)
-  }
-  return offset + 2
-}
+  // when piping, we only care about 'readable' events that happen
+  // after read()ing all the bytes and not getting any pushback.
+  this.ranOut = false;
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeInt32LE = function writeInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    this[offset] = value
-    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
-    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16)
-    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24)
-  } else {
-    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true)
-  }
-  return offset + 4
-}
+  // the number of writers that are awaiting a drain event in .pipe()s
+  this.awaitDrain = 0;
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeInt32BE = function writeInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  value = +value
-  offset = offset | 0
-  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
-  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
-  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    this[offset] = (value >>> 24)
-    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16)
-    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8)
-    this[offset + 3] = value
-  } else {
-    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false)
+  // if true, a maybeReadMore has been scheduled
+  this.readingMore = false;
+
+  this.decoder = null;
+  this.encoding = null;
+  if (options.encoding) {
+    if (!StringDecoder) StringDecoder = require('string_decoder/').StringDecoder;
+    this.decoder = new StringDecoder(options.encoding);
+    this.encoding = options.encoding;
   }
-  return offset + 4
 }
 
-function checkIEEE754 (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
-  if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('value is out of bounds')
-  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
-  if (offset < 0) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
-}
+function Readable(options) {
+  Duplex = Duplex || require('./_stream_duplex');
 
-function writeFloat (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) {
-    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 4, 3.4028234663852886e+38, -3.4028234663852886e+38)
-  }
-  ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 23, 4)
-  return offset + 4
-}
+  if (!(this instanceof Readable)) return new Readable(options);
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeFloatLE = function writeFloatLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
-}
+  this._readableState = new ReadableState(options, this);
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeFloatBE = function writeFloatBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
+  // legacy
+  this.readable = true;
+
+  if (options && typeof options.read === 'function') this._read = options.read;
+
+  Stream.call(this);
 }
 
-function writeDouble (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
-  if (!noAssert) {
-    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 8, 1.7976931348623157E+308, -1.7976931348623157E+308)
+// Manually shove something into the read() buffer.
+// This returns true if the highWaterMark has not been hit yet,
+// similar to how Writable.write() returns true if you should
+// write() some more.
+Readable.prototype.push = function (chunk, encoding) {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+
+  if (!state.objectMode && typeof chunk === 'string') {
+    encoding = encoding || state.defaultEncoding;
+    if (encoding !== state.encoding) {
+      chunk = bufferShim.from(chunk, encoding);
+      encoding = '';
+    }
   }
-  ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 52, 8)
-  return offset + 8
-}
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleLE = function writeDoubleLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
-}
+  return readableAddChunk(this, state, chunk, encoding, false);
+};
 
-Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleBE = function writeDoubleBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
-  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
-}
+// Unshift should *always* be something directly out of read()
+Readable.prototype.unshift = function (chunk) {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+  return readableAddChunk(this, state, chunk, '', true);
+};
 
-// copy(targetBuffer, targetStart=0, sourceStart=0, sourceEnd=buffer.length)
-Buffer.prototype.copy = function copy (target, targetStart, start, end) {
-  if (!start) start = 0
-  if (!end && end !== 0) end = this.length
-  if (targetStart >= target.length) targetStart = target.length
-  if (!targetStart) targetStart = 0
-  if (end > 0 && end < start) end = start
+Readable.prototype.isPaused = function () {
+  return this._readableState.flowing === false;
+};
 
-  // Copy 0 bytes; we're done
-  if (end === start) return 0
-  if (target.length === 0 || this.length === 0) return 0
+function readableAddChunk(stream, state, chunk, encoding, addToFront) {
+  var er = chunkInvalid(state, chunk);
+  if (er) {
+    stream.emit('error', er);
+  } else if (chunk === null) {
+    state.reading = false;
+    onEofChunk(stream, state);
+  } else if (state.objectMode || chunk && chunk.length > 0) {
+    if (state.ended && !addToFront) {
+      var e = new Error('stream.push() after EOF');
+      stream.emit('error', e);
+    } else if (state.endEmitted && addToFront) {
+      var _e = new Error('stream.unshift() after end event');
+      stream.emit('error', _e);
+    } else {
+      var skipAdd;
+      if (state.decoder && !addToFront && !encoding) {
+        chunk = state.decoder.write(chunk);
+        skipAdd = !state.objectMode && chunk.length === 0;
+      }
 
-  // Fatal error conditions
-  if (targetStart < 0) {
-    throw new RangeError('targetStart out of bounds')
-  }
-  if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('sourceStart out of bounds')
-  if (end < 0) throw new RangeError('sourceEnd out of bounds')
+      if (!addToFront) state.reading = false;
 
-  // Are we oob?
-  if (end > this.length) end = this.length
-  if (target.length - targetStart < end - start) {
-    end = target.length - targetStart + start
-  }
+      // Don't add to the buffer if we've decoded to an empty string chunk and
+      // we're not in object mode
+      if (!skipAdd) {
+        // if we want the data now, just emit it.
+        if (state.flowing && state.length === 0 && !state.sync) {
+          stream.emit('data', chunk);
+          stream.read(0);
+        } else {
+          // update the buffer info.
+          state.length += state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
+          if (addToFront) state.buffer.unshift(chunk);else state.buffer.push(chunk);
 
-  var len = end - start
-  var i
+          if (state.needReadable) emitReadable(stream);
+        }
+      }
 
-  if (this === target && start < targetStart && targetStart < end) {
-    // descending copy from end
-    for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
-    }
-  } else if (len < 1000 || !Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-    // ascending copy from start
-    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
+      maybeReadMore(stream, state);
     }
+  } else if (!addToFront) {
+    state.reading = false;
+  }
+
+  return needMoreData(state);
+}
+
+// if it's past the high water mark, we can push in some more.
+// Also, if we have no data yet, we can stand some
+// more bytes.  This is to work around cases where hwm=0,
+// such as the repl.  Also, if the push() triggered a
+// readable event, and the user called read(largeNumber) such that
+// needReadable was set, then we ought to push more, so that another
+// 'readable' event will be triggered.
+function needMoreData(state) {
+  return !state.ended && (state.needReadable || state.length < state.highWaterMark || state.length === 0);
+}
+
+// backwards compatibility.
+Readable.prototype.setEncoding = function (enc) {
+  if (!StringDecoder) StringDecoder = require('string_decoder/').StringDecoder;
+  this._readableState.decoder = new StringDecoder(enc);
+  this._readableState.encoding = enc;
+  return this;
+};
+
+// Don't raise the hwm > 8MB
+var MAX_HWM = 0x800000;
+function computeNewHighWaterMark(n) {
+  if (n >= MAX_HWM) {
+    n = MAX_HWM;
   } else {
-    target._set(this.subarray(start, start + len), targetStart)
+    // Get the next highest power of 2 to prevent increasing hwm excessively in
+    // tiny amounts
+    n--;
+    n |= n >>> 1;
+    n |= n >>> 2;
+    n |= n >>> 4;
+    n |= n >>> 8;
+    n |= n >>> 16;
+    n++;
   }
+  return n;
+}
 
-  return len
+// This function is designed to be inlinable, so please take care when making
+// changes to the function body.
+function howMuchToRead(n, state) {
+  if (n <= 0 || state.length === 0 && state.ended) return 0;
+  if (state.objectMode) return 1;
+  if (n !== n) {
+    // Only flow one buffer at a time
+    if (state.flowing && state.length) return state.buffer.head.data.length;else return state.length;
+  }
+  // If we're asking for more than the current hwm, then raise the hwm.
+  if (n > state.highWaterMark) state.highWaterMark = computeNewHighWaterMark(n);
+  if (n <= state.length) return n;
+  // Don't have enough
+  if (!state.ended) {
+    state.needReadable = true;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return state.length;
 }
 
-// fill(value, start=0, end=buffer.length)
-Buffer.prototype.fill = function fill (value, start, end) {
-  if (!value) value = 0
-  if (!start) start = 0
-  if (!end) end = this.length
+// you can override either this method, or the async _read(n) below.
+Readable.prototype.read = function (n) {
+  debug('read', n);
+  n = parseInt(n, 10);
+  var state = this._readableState;
+  var nOrig = n;
 
-  if (end < start) throw new RangeError('end < start')
+  if (n !== 0) state.emittedReadable = false;
 
-  // Fill 0 bytes; we're done
-  if (end === start) return
-  if (this.length === 0) return
+  // if we're doing read(0) to trigger a readable event, but we
+  // already have a bunch of data in the buffer, then just trigger
+  // the 'readable' event and move on.
+  if (n === 0 && state.needReadable && (state.length >= state.highWaterMark || state.ended)) {
+    debug('read: emitReadable', state.length, state.ended);
+    if (state.length === 0 && state.ended) endReadable(this);else emitReadable(this);
+    return null;
+  }
 
-  if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('start out of bounds')
-  if (end < 0 || end > this.length) throw new RangeError('end out of bounds')
+  n = howMuchToRead(n, state);
 
-  var i
-  if (typeof value === 'number') {
-    for (i = start; i < end; i++) {
-      this[i] = value
-    }
-  } else {
-    var bytes = utf8ToBytes(value.toString())
-    var len = bytes.length
-    for (i = start; i < end; i++) {
-      this[i] = bytes[i % len]
-    }
+  // if we've ended, and we're now clear, then finish it up.
+  if (n === 0 && state.ended) {
+    if (state.length === 0) endReadable(this);
+    return null;
   }
 
-  return this
-}
+  // All the actual chunk generation logic needs to be
+  // *below* the call to _read.  The reason is that in certain
+  // synthetic stream cases, such as passthrough streams, _read
+  // may be a completely synchronous operation which may change
+  // the state of the read buffer, providing enough data when
+  // before there was *not* enough.
+  //
+  // So, the steps are:
+  // 1. Figure out what the state of things will be after we do
+  // a read from the buffer.
+  //
+  // 2. If that resulting state will trigger a _read, then call _read.
+  // Note that this may be asynchronous, or synchronous.  Yes, it is
+  // deeply ugly to write APIs this way, but that still doesn't mean
+  // that the Readable class should behave improperly, as streams are
+  // designed to be sync/async agnostic.
+  // Take note if the _read call is sync or async (ie, if the read call
+  // has returned yet), so that we know whether or not it's safe to emit
+  // 'readable' etc.
+  //
+  // 3. Actually pull the requested chunks out of the buffer and return.
 
-/**
- * Creates a new `ArrayBuffer` with the *copied* memory of the buffer instance.
- * Added in Node 0.12. Only available in browsers that support ArrayBuffer.
- */
-Buffer.prototype.toArrayBuffer = function toArrayBuffer () {
-  if (typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined') {
-    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
-      return (new Buffer(this)).buffer
-    } else {
-      var buf = new Uint8Array(this.length)
-      for (var i = 0, len = buf.length; i < len; i += 1) {
-        buf[i] = this[i]
-      }
-      return buf.buffer
-    }
-  } else {
-    throw new TypeError('Buffer.toArrayBuffer not supported in this browser')
+  // if we need a readable event, then we need to do some reading.
+  var doRead = state.needReadable;
+  debug('need readable', doRead);
+
+  // if we currently have less than the highWaterMark, then also read some
+  if (state.length === 0 || state.length - n < state.highWaterMark) {
+    doRead = true;
+    debug('length less than watermark', doRead);
   }
-}
 
-// HELPER FUNCTIONS
-// ================
+  // however, if we've ended, then there's no point, and if we're already
+  // reading, then it's unnecessary.
+  if (state.ended || state.reading) {
+    doRead = false;
+    debug('reading or ended', doRead);
+  } else if (doRead) {
+    debug('do read');
+    state.reading = true;
+    state.sync = true;
+    // if the length is currently zero, then we *need* a readable event.
+    if (state.length === 0) state.needReadable = true;
+    // call internal read method
+    this._read(state.highWaterMark);
+    state.sync = false;
+    // If _read pushed data synchronously, then `reading` will be false,
+    // and we need to re-evaluate how much data we can return to the user.
+    if (!state.reading) n = howMuchToRead(nOrig, state);
+  }
 
-var BP = Buffer.prototype
+  var ret;
+  if (n > 0) ret = fromList(n, state);else ret = null;
 
-/**
- * Augment a Uint8Array *instance* (not the Uint8Array class!) with Buffer methods
- */
-Buffer._augment = function _augment (arr) {
-  arr.constructor = Buffer
-  arr._isBuffer = true
+  if (ret === null) {
+    state.needReadable = true;
+    n = 0;
+  } else {
+    state.length -= n;
+  }
 
-  // save reference to original Uint8Array set method before overwriting
-  arr._set = arr.set
+  if (state.length === 0) {
+    // If we have nothing in the buffer, then we want to know
+    // as soon as we *do* get something into the buffer.
+    if (!state.ended) state.needReadable = true;
+
+    // If we tried to read() past the EOF, then emit end on the next tick.
+    if (nOrig !== n && state.ended) endReadable(this);
+  }
 
-  // deprecated
-  arr.get = BP.get
-  arr.set = BP.set
+  if (ret !== null) this.emit('data', ret);
 
-  arr.write = BP.write
-  arr.toString = BP.toString
-  arr.toLocaleString = BP.toString
-  arr.toJSON = BP.toJSON
-  arr.equals = BP.equals
-  arr.compare = BP.compare
-  arr.indexOf = BP.indexOf
-  arr.copy = BP.copy
-  arr.slice = BP.slice
-  arr.readUIntLE = BP.readUIntLE
-  arr.readUIntBE = BP.readUIntBE
-  arr.readUInt8 = BP.readUInt8
-  arr.readUInt16LE = BP.readUInt16LE
-  arr.readUInt16BE = BP.readUInt16BE
-  arr.readUInt32LE = BP.readUInt32LE
-  arr.readUInt32BE = BP.readUInt32BE
-  arr.readIntLE = BP.readIntLE
-  arr.readIntBE = BP.readIntBE
-  arr.readInt8 = BP.readInt8
-  arr.readInt16LE = BP.readInt16LE
-  arr.readInt16BE = BP.readInt16BE
-  arr.readInt32LE = BP.readInt32LE
-  arr.readInt32BE = BP.readInt32BE
-  arr.readFloatLE = BP.readFloatLE
-  arr.readFloatBE = BP.readFloatBE
-  arr.readDoubleLE = BP.readDoubleLE
-  arr.readDoubleBE = BP.readDoubleBE
-  arr.writeUInt8 = BP.writeUInt8
-  arr.writeUIntLE = BP.writeUIntLE
-  arr.writeUIntBE = BP.writeUIntBE
-  arr.writeUInt16LE = BP.writeUInt16LE
-  arr.writeUInt16BE = BP.writeUInt16BE
-  arr.writeUInt32LE = BP.writeUInt32LE
-  arr.writeUInt32BE = BP.writeUInt32BE
-  arr.writeIntLE = BP.writeIntLE
-  arr.writeIntBE = BP.writeIntBE
-  arr.writeInt8 = BP.writeInt8
-  arr.writeInt16LE = BP.writeInt16LE
-  arr.writeInt16BE = BP.writeInt16BE
-  arr.writeInt32LE = BP.writeInt32LE
-  arr.writeInt32BE = BP.writeInt32BE
-  arr.writeFloatLE = BP.writeFloatLE
-  arr.writeFloatBE = BP.writeFloatBE
-  arr.writeDoubleLE = BP.writeDoubleLE
-  arr.writeDoubleBE = BP.writeDoubleBE
-  arr.fill = BP.fill
-  arr.inspect = BP.inspect
-  arr.toArrayBuffer = BP.toArrayBuffer
+  return ret;
+};
 
-  return arr
+function chunkInvalid(state, chunk) {
+  var er = null;
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) && typeof chunk !== 'string' && chunk !== null && chunk !== undefined && !state.objectMode) {
+    er = new TypeError('Invalid non-string/buffer chunk');
+  }
+  return er;
 }
 
-var INVALID_BASE64_RE = /[^+\/0-9A-Za-z-_]/g
+function onEofChunk(stream, state) {
+  if (state.ended) return;
+  if (state.decoder) {
+    var chunk = state.decoder.end();
+    if (chunk && chunk.length) {
+      state.buffer.push(chunk);
+      state.length += state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
+    }
+  }
+  state.ended = true;
 
-function base64clean (str) {
-  // Node strips out invalid characters like \n and \t from the string, base64-js does not
-  str = stringtrim(str).replace(INVALID_BASE64_RE, '')
-  // Node converts strings with length < 2 to ''
-  if (str.length < 2) return ''
-  // Node allows for non-padded base64 strings (missing trailing ===), base64-js does not
-  while (str.length % 4 !== 0) {
-    str = str + '='
+  // emit 'readable' now to make sure it gets picked up.
+  emitReadable(stream);
+}
+
+// Don't emit readable right away in sync mode, because this can trigger
+// another read() call => stack overflow.  This way, it might trigger
+// a nextTick recursion warning, but that's not so bad.
+function emitReadable(stream) {
+  var state = stream._readableState;
+  state.needReadable = false;
+  if (!state.emittedReadable) {
+    debug('emitReadable', state.flowing);
+    state.emittedReadable = true;
+    if (state.sync) processNextTick(emitReadable_, stream);else emitReadable_(stream);
   }
-  return str
 }
 
-function stringtrim (str) {
-  if (str.trim) return str.trim()
-  return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, '')
+function emitReadable_(stream) {
+  debug('emit readable');
+  stream.emit('readable');
+  flow(stream);
 }
 
-function toHex (n) {
-  if (n < 16) return '0' + n.toString(16)
-  return n.toString(16)
+// at this point, the user has presumably seen the 'readable' event,
+// and called read() to consume some data.  that may have triggered
+// in turn another _read(n) call, in which case reading = true if
+// it's in progress.
+// However, if we're not ended, or reading, and the length < hwm,
+// then go ahead and try to read some more preemptively.
+function maybeReadMore(stream, state) {
+  if (!state.readingMore) {
+    state.readingMore = true;
+    processNextTick(maybeReadMore_, stream, state);
+  }
 }
 
-function utf8ToBytes (string, units) {
-  units = units || Infinity
-  var codePoint
-  var length = string.length
-  var leadSurrogate = null
-  var bytes = []
+function maybeReadMore_(stream, state) {
+  var len = state.length;
+  while (!state.reading && !state.flowing && !state.ended && state.length < state.highWaterMark) {
+    debug('maybeReadMore read 0');
+    stream.read(0);
+    if (len === state.length)
+      // didn't get any data, stop spinning.
+      break;else len = state.length;
+  }
+  state.readingMore = false;
+}
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-    codePoint = string.charCodeAt(i)
+// abstract method.  to be overridden in specific implementation classes.
+// call cb(er, data) where data is <= n in length.
+// for virtual (non-string, non-buffer) streams, "length" is somewhat
+// arbitrary, and perhaps not very meaningful.
+Readable.prototype._read = function (n) {
+  this.emit('error', new Error('_read() is not implemented'));
+};
 
-    // is surrogate component
-    if (codePoint > 0xD7FF && codePoint < 0xE000) {
-      // last char was a lead
-      if (!leadSurrogate) {
-        // no lead yet
-        if (codePoint > 0xDBFF) {
-          // unexpected trail
-          if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
-          continue
+Readable.prototype.pipe = function (dest, pipeOpts) {
+  var src = this;
+  var state = this._readableState;
 
-        } else if (i + 1 === length) {
-          // unpaired lead
-          if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
-          continue
-        }
+  switch (state.pipesCount) {
+    case 0:
+      state.pipes = dest;
+      break;
+    case 1:
+      state.pipes = [state.pipes, dest];
+      break;
+    default:
+      state.pipes.push(dest);
+      break;
+  }
+  state.pipesCount += 1;
+  debug('pipe count=%d opts=%j', state.pipesCount, pipeOpts);
 
-        // valid lead
-        leadSurrogate = codePoint
+  var doEnd = (!pipeOpts || pipeOpts.end !== false) && dest !== process.stdout && dest !== process.stderr;
 
-        continue
-      }
+  var endFn = doEnd ? onend : cleanup;
+  if (state.endEmitted) processNextTick(endFn);else src.once('end', endFn);
 
-      // 2 leads in a row
-      if (codePoint < 0xDC00) {
-        if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
-        leadSurrogate = codePoint
-        continue
-      }
+  dest.on('unpipe', onunpipe);
+  function onunpipe(readable) {
+    debug('onunpipe');
+    if (readable === src) {
+      cleanup();
+    }
+  }
 
-      // valid surrogate pair
-      codePoint = leadSurrogate - 0xD800 << 10 | codePoint - 0xDC00 | 0x10000
+  function onend() {
+    debug('onend');
+    dest.end();
+  }
 
-    } else if (leadSurrogate) {
-      // valid bmp char, but last char was a lead
-      if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD)
-    }
+  // when the dest drains, it reduces the awaitDrain counter
+  // on the source.  This would be more elegant with a .once()
+  // handler in flow(), but adding and removing repeatedly is
+  // too slow.
+  var ondrain = pipeOnDrain(src);
+  dest.on('drain', ondrain);
 
-    leadSurrogate = null
+  var cleanedUp = false;
+  function cleanup() {
+    debug('cleanup');
+    // cleanup event handlers once the pipe is broken
+    dest.removeListener('close', onclose);
+    dest.removeListener('finish', onfinish);
+    dest.removeListener('drain', ondrain);
+    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
+    dest.removeListener('unpipe', onunpipe);
+    src.removeListener('end', onend);
+    src.removeListener('end', cleanup);
+    src.removeListener('data', ondata);
 
-    // encode utf8
-    if (codePoint < 0x80) {
-      if ((units -= 1) < 0) break
-      bytes.push(codePoint)
-    } else if (codePoint < 0x800) {
-      if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
-      bytes.push(
-        codePoint >> 0x6 | 0xC0,
-        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
-      )
-    } else if (codePoint < 0x10000) {
-      if ((units -= 3) < 0) break
-      bytes.push(
-        codePoint >> 0xC | 0xE0,
-        codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
-        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
-      )
-    } else if (codePoint < 0x110000) {
-      if ((units -= 4) < 0) break
-      bytes.push(
-        codePoint >> 0x12 | 0xF0,
-        codePoint >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80,
-        codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
-        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
-      )
-    } else {
-      throw new Error('Invalid code point')
+    cleanedUp = true;
+
+    // if the reader is waiting for a drain event from this
+    // specific writer, then it would cause it to never start
+    // flowing again.
+    // So, if this is awaiting a drain, then we just call it now.
+    // If we don't know, then assume that we are waiting for one.
+    if (state.awaitDrain && (!dest._writableState || dest._writableState.needDrain)) ondrain();
+  }
+
+  // If the user pushes more data while we're writing to dest then we'll end up
+  // in ondata again. However, we only want to increase awaitDrain once because
+  // dest will only emit one 'drain' event for the multiple writes.
+  // => Introduce a guard on increasing awaitDrain.
+  var increasedAwaitDrain = false;
+  src.on('data', ondata);
+  function ondata(chunk) {
+    debug('ondata');
+    increasedAwaitDrain = false;
+    var ret = dest.write(chunk);
+    if (false === ret && !increasedAwaitDrain) {
+      // If the user unpiped during `dest.write()`, it is possible
+      // to get stuck in a permanently paused state if that write
+      // also returned false.
+      // => Check whether `dest` is still a piping destination.
+      if ((state.pipesCount === 1 && state.pipes === dest || state.pipesCount > 1 && indexOf(state.pipes, dest) !== -1) && !cleanedUp) {
+        debug('false write response, pause', src._readableState.awaitDrain);
+        src._readableState.awaitDrain++;
+        increasedAwaitDrain = true;
+      }
+      src.pause();
     }
   }
 
-  return bytes
-}
+  // if the dest has an error, then stop piping into it.
+  // however, don't suppress the throwing behavior for this.
+  function onerror(er) {
+    debug('onerror', er);
+    unpipe();
+    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
+    if (EElistenerCount(dest, 'error') === 0) dest.emit('error', er);
+  }
+
+  // Make sure our error handler is attached before userland ones.
+  prependListener(dest, 'error', onerror);
 
-function asciiToBytes (str) {
-  var byteArray = []
-  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
-    // Node's code seems to be doing this and not & 0x7F..
-    byteArray.push(str.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF)
+  // Both close and finish should trigger unpipe, but only once.
+  function onclose() {
+    dest.removeListener('finish', onfinish);
+    unpipe();
   }
-  return byteArray
-}
+  dest.once('close', onclose);
+  function onfinish() {
+    debug('onfinish');
+    dest.removeListener('close', onclose);
+    unpipe();
+  }
+  dest.once('finish', onfinish);
 
-function utf16leToBytes (str, units) {
-  var c, hi, lo
-  var byteArray = []
-  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
-    if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
+  function unpipe() {
+    debug('unpipe');
+    src.unpipe(dest);
+  }
 
-    c = str.charCodeAt(i)
-    hi = c >> 8
-    lo = c % 256
-    byteArray.push(lo)
-    byteArray.push(hi)
+  // tell the dest that it's being piped to
+  dest.emit('pipe', src);
+
+  // start the flow if it hasn't been started already.
+  if (!state.flowing) {
+    debug('pipe resume');
+    src.resume();
   }
 
-  return byteArray
-}
+  return dest;
+};
 
-function base64ToBytes (str) {
-  return base64.toByteArray(base64clean(str))
+function pipeOnDrain(src) {
+  return function () {
+    var state = src._readableState;
+    debug('pipeOnDrain', state.awaitDrain);
+    if (state.awaitDrain) state.awaitDrain--;
+    if (state.awaitDrain === 0 && EElistenerCount(src, 'data')) {
+      state.flowing = true;
+      flow(src);
+    }
+  };
 }
 
-function blitBuffer (src, dst, offset, length) {
-  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-    if ((i + offset >= dst.length) || (i >= src.length)) break
-    dst[i + offset] = src[i]
+Readable.prototype.unpipe = function (dest) {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+
+  // if we're not piping anywhere, then do nothing.
+  if (state.pipesCount === 0) return this;
+
+  // just one destination.  most common case.
+  if (state.pipesCount === 1) {
+    // passed in one, but it's not the right one.
+    if (dest && dest !== state.pipes) return this;
+
+    if (!dest) dest = state.pipes;
+
+    // got a match.
+    state.pipes = null;
+    state.pipesCount = 0;
+    state.flowing = false;
+    if (dest) dest.emit('unpipe', this);
+    return this;
   }
-  return i
-}
 
-},{"base64-js":8,"ieee754":9,"is-array":10}],8:[function(require,module,exports){
-var lookup = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/';
+  // slow case. multiple pipe destinations.
 
-;(function (exports) {
-	'use strict';
+  if (!dest) {
+    // remove all.
+    var dests = state.pipes;
+    var len = state.pipesCount;
+    state.pipes = null;
+    state.pipesCount = 0;
+    state.flowing = false;
 
-  var Arr = (typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined')
-    ? Uint8Array
-    : Array
+    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      dests[i].emit('unpipe', this);
+    }return this;
+  }
 
-	var PLUS   = '+'.charCodeAt(0)
-	var SLASH  = '/'.charCodeAt(0)
-	var NUMBER = '0'.charCodeAt(0)
-	var LOWER  = 'a'.charCodeAt(0)
-	var UPPER  = 'A'.charCodeAt(0)
-	var PLUS_URL_SAFE = '-'.charCodeAt(0)
-	var SLASH_URL_SAFE = '_'.charCodeAt(0)
+  // try to find the right one.
+  var index = indexOf(state.pipes, dest);
+  if (index === -1) return this;
 
-	function decode (elt) {
-		var code = elt.charCodeAt(0)
-		if (code === PLUS ||
-		    code === PLUS_URL_SAFE)
-			return 62 // '+'
-		if (code === SLASH ||
-		    code === SLASH_URL_SAFE)
-			return 63 // '/'
-		if (code < NUMBER)
-			return -1 //no match
-		if (code < NUMBER + 10)
-			return code - NUMBER + 26 + 26
-		if (code < UPPER + 26)
-			return code - UPPER
-		if (code < LOWER + 26)
-			return code - LOWER + 26
-	}
+  state.pipes.splice(index, 1);
+  state.pipesCount -= 1;
+  if (state.pipesCount === 1) state.pipes = state.pipes[0];
 
-	function b64ToByteArray (b64) {
-		var i, j, l, tmp, placeHolders, arr
+  dest.emit('unpipe', this);
 
-		if (b64.length % 4 > 0) {
-			throw new Error('Invalid string. Length must be a multiple of 4')
-		}
+  return this;
+};
 
-		// the number of equal signs (place holders)
-		// if there are two placeholders, than the two characters before it
-		// represent one byte
-		// if there is only one, then the three characters before it represent 2 bytes
-		// this is just a cheap hack to not do indexOf twice
-		var len = b64.length
-		placeHolders = '=' === b64.charAt(len - 2) ? 2 : '=' === b64.charAt(len - 1) ? 1 : 0
+// set up data events if they are asked for
+// Ensure readable listeners eventually get something
+Readable.prototype.on = function (ev, fn) {
+  var res = Stream.prototype.on.call(this, ev, fn);
 
-		// base64 is 4/3 + up to two characters of the original data
-		arr = new Arr(b64.length * 3 / 4 - placeHolders)
+  if (ev === 'data') {
+    // Start flowing on next tick if stream isn't explicitly paused
+    if (this._readableState.flowing !== false) this.resume();
+  } else if (ev === 'readable') {
+    var state = this._readableState;
+    if (!state.endEmitted && !state.readableListening) {
+      state.readableListening = state.needReadable = true;
+      state.emittedReadable = false;
+      if (!state.reading) {
+        processNextTick(nReadingNextTick, this);
+      } else if (state.length) {
+        emitReadable(this, state);
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
-		// if there are placeholders, only get up to the last complete 4 chars
-		l = placeHolders > 0 ? b64.length - 4 : b64.length
+  return res;
+};
+Readable.prototype.addListener = Readable.prototype.on;
 
-		var L = 0
+function nReadingNextTick(self) {
+  debug('readable nexttick read 0');
+  self.read(0);
+}
 
-		function push (v) {
-			arr[L++] = v
-		}
+// pause() and resume() are remnants of the legacy readable stream API
+// If the user uses them, then switch into old mode.
+Readable.prototype.resume = function () {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+  if (!state.flowing) {
+    debug('resume');
+    state.flowing = true;
+    resume(this, state);
+  }
+  return this;
+};
 
-		for (i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i += 4, j += 3) {
-			tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 18) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) << 12) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 2)) << 6) | decode(b64.charAt(i + 3))
-			push((tmp & 0xFF0000) >> 16)
-			push((tmp & 0xFF00) >> 8)
-			push(tmp & 0xFF)
-		}
+function resume(stream, state) {
+  if (!state.resumeScheduled) {
+    state.resumeScheduled = true;
+    processNextTick(resume_, stream, state);
+  }
+}
 
-		if (placeHolders === 2) {
-			tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 2) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) >> 4)
-			push(tmp & 0xFF)
-		} else if (placeHolders === 1) {
-			tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 10) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) << 4) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 2)) >> 2)
-			push((tmp >> 8) & 0xFF)
-			push(tmp & 0xFF)
-		}
+function resume_(stream, state) {
+  if (!state.reading) {
+    debug('resume read 0');
+    stream.read(0);
+  }
 
-		return arr
-	}
+  state.resumeScheduled = false;
+  state.awaitDrain = 0;
+  stream.emit('resume');
+  flow(stream);
+  if (state.flowing && !state.reading) stream.read(0);
+}
 
-	function uint8ToBase64 (uint8) {
-		var i,
-			extraBytes = uint8.length % 3, // if we have 1 byte left, pad 2 bytes
-			output = "",
-			temp, length
+Readable.prototype.pause = function () {
+  debug('call pause flowing=%j', this._readableState.flowing);
+  if (false !== this._readableState.flowing) {
+    debug('pause');
+    this._readableState.flowing = false;
+    this.emit('pause');
+  }
+  return this;
+};
 
-		function encode (num) {
-			return lookup.charAt(num)
-		}
+function flow(stream) {
+  var state = stream._readableState;
+  debug('flow', state.flowing);
+  while (state.flowing && stream.read() !== null) {}
+}
 
-		function tripletToBase64 (num) {
-			return encode(num >> 18 & 0x3F) + encode(num >> 12 & 0x3F) + encode(num >> 6 & 0x3F) + encode(num & 0x3F)
-		}
+// wrap an old-style stream as the async data source.
+// This is *not* part of the readable stream interface.
+// It is an ugly unfortunate mess of history.
+Readable.prototype.wrap = function (stream) {
+  var state = this._readableState;
+  var paused = false;
 
-		// go through the array every three bytes, we'll deal with trailing stuff later
-		for (i = 0, length = uint8.length - extraBytes; i < length; i += 3) {
-			temp = (uint8[i] << 16) + (uint8[i + 1] << 8) + (uint8[i + 2])
-			output += tripletToBase64(temp)
-		}
+  var self = this;
+  stream.on('end', function () {
+    debug('wrapped end');
+    if (state.decoder && !state.ended) {
+      var chunk = state.decoder.end();
+      if (chunk && chunk.length) self.push(chunk);
+    }
 
-		// pad the end with zeros, but make sure to not forget the extra bytes
-		switch (extraBytes) {
-			case 1:
-				temp = uint8[uint8.length - 1]
-				output += encode(temp >> 2)
-				output += encode((temp << 4) & 0x3F)
-				output += '=='
-				break
-			case 2:
-				temp = (uint8[uint8.length - 2] << 8) + (uint8[uint8.length - 1])
-				output += encode(temp >> 10)
-				output += encode((temp >> 4) & 0x3F)
-				output += encode((temp << 2) & 0x3F)
-				output += '='
-				break
-		}
+    self.push(null);
+  });
+
+  stream.on('data', function (chunk) {
+    debug('wrapped data');
+    if (state.decoder) chunk = state.decoder.write(chunk);
+
+    // don't skip over falsy values in objectMode
+    if (state.objectMode && (chunk === null || chunk === undefined)) return;else if (!state.objectMode && (!chunk || !chunk.length)) return;
+
+    var ret = self.push(chunk);
+    if (!ret) {
+      paused = true;
+      stream.pause();
+    }
+  });
 
-		return output
-	}
+  // proxy all the other methods.
+  // important when wrapping filters and duplexes.
+  for (var i in stream) {
+    if (this[i] === undefined && typeof stream[i] === 'function') {
+      this[i] = function (method) {
+        return function () {
+          return stream[method].apply(stream, arguments);
+        };
+      }(i);
+    }
+  }
 
-	exports.toByteArray = b64ToByteArray
-	exports.fromByteArray = uint8ToBase64
-}(typeof exports === 'undefined' ? (this.base64js = {}) : exports))
+  // proxy certain important events.
+  var events = ['error', 'close', 'destroy', 'pause', 'resume'];
+  forEach(events, function (ev) {
+    stream.on(ev, self.emit.bind(self, ev));
+  });
 
-},{}],9:[function(require,module,exports){
-exports.read = function (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
-  var e, m
-  var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1
-  var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1
-  var eBias = eMax >> 1
-  var nBits = -7
-  var i = isLE ? (nBytes - 1) : 0
-  var d = isLE ? -1 : 1
-  var s = buffer[offset + i]
+  // when we try to consume some more bytes, simply unpause the
+  // underlying stream.
+  self._read = function (n) {
+    debug('wrapped _read', n);
+    if (paused) {
+      paused = false;
+      stream.resume();
+    }
+  };
 
-  i += d
+  return self;
+};
 
-  e = s & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1)
-  s >>= (-nBits)
-  nBits += eLen
-  for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+// exposed for testing purposes only.
+Readable._fromList = fromList;
 
-  m = e & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1)
-  e >>= (-nBits)
-  nBits += mLen
-  for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+// Pluck off n bytes from an array of buffers.
+// Length is the combined lengths of all the buffers in the list.
+// This function is designed to be inlinable, so please take care when making
+// changes to the function body.
+function fromList(n, state) {
+  // nothing buffered
+  if (state.length === 0) return null;
 
-  if (e === 0) {
-    e = 1 - eBias
-  } else if (e === eMax) {
-    return m ? NaN : ((s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity)
+  var ret;
+  if (state.objectMode) ret = state.buffer.shift();else if (!n || n >= state.length) {
+    // read it all, truncate the list
+    if (state.decoder) ret = state.buffer.join('');else if (state.buffer.length === 1) ret = state.buffer.head.data;else ret = state.buffer.concat(state.length);
+    state.buffer.clear();
   } else {
-    m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen)
-    e = e - eBias
+    // read part of list
+    ret = fromListPartial(n, state.buffer, state.decoder);
   }
-  return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen)
-}
-
-exports.write = function (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
-  var e, m, c
-  var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1
-  var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1
-  var eBias = eMax >> 1
-  var rt = (mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0)
-  var i = isLE ? 0 : (nBytes - 1)
-  var d = isLE ? 1 : -1
-  var s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0
 
-  value = Math.abs(value)
+  return ret;
+}
 
-  if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
-    m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0
-    e = eMax
+// Extracts only enough buffered data to satisfy the amount requested.
+// This function is designed to be inlinable, so please take care when making
+// changes to the function body.
+function fromListPartial(n, list, hasStrings) {
+  var ret;
+  if (n < list.head.data.length) {
+    // slice is the same for buffers and strings
+    ret = list.head.data.slice(0, n);
+    list.head.data = list.head.data.slice(n);
+  } else if (n === list.head.data.length) {
+    // first chunk is a perfect match
+    ret = list.shift();
   } else {
-    e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2)
-    if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
-      e--
-      c *= 2
-    }
-    if (e + eBias >= 1) {
-      value += rt / c
-    } else {
-      value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias)
-    }
-    if (value * c >= 2) {
-      e++
-      c /= 2
-    }
+    // result spans more than one buffer
+    ret = hasStrings ? copyFromBufferString(n, list) : copyFromBuffer(n, list);
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
 
-    if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
-      m = 0
-      e = eMax
-    } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
-      m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen)
-      e = e + eBias
-    } else {
-      m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen)
-      e = 0
+// Copies a specified amount of characters from the list of buffered data
+// chunks.
+// This function is designed to be inlinable, so please take care when making
+// changes to the function body.
+function copyFromBufferString(n, list) {
+  var p = list.head;
+  var c = 1;
+  var ret = p.data;
+  n -= ret.length;
+  while (p = p.next) {
+    var str = p.data;
+    var nb = n > str.length ? str.length : n;
+    if (nb === str.length) ret += str;else ret += str.slice(0, n);
+    n -= nb;
+    if (n === 0) {
+      if (nb === str.length) {
+        ++c;
+        if (p.next) list.head = p.next;else list.head = list.tail = null;
+      } else {
+        list.head = p;
+        p.data = str.slice(nb);
+      }
+      break;
     }
+    ++c;
   }
-
-  for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}
-
-  e = (e << mLen) | m
-  eLen += mLen
-  for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}
-
-  buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128
+  list.length -= c;
+  return ret;
 }
 
-},{}],10:[function(require,module,exports){
-
-/**
- * isArray
- */
+// Copies a specified amount of bytes from the list of buffered data chunks.
+// This function is designed to be inlinable, so please take care when making
+// changes to the function body.
+function copyFromBuffer(n, list) {
+  var ret = bufferShim.allocUnsafe(n);
+  var p = list.head;
+  var c = 1;
+  p.data.copy(ret);
+  n -= p.data.length;
+  while (p = p.next) {
+    var buf = p.data;
+    var nb = n > buf.length ? buf.length : n;
+    buf.copy(ret, ret.length - n, 0, nb);
+    n -= nb;
+    if (n === 0) {
+      if (nb === buf.length) {
+        ++c;
+        if (p.next) list.head = p.next;else list.head = list.tail = null;
+      } else {
+        list.head = p;
+        p.data = buf.slice(nb);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    ++c;
+  }
+  list.length -= c;
+  return ret;
+}
 
-var isArray = Array.isArray;
+function endReadable(stream) {
+  var state = stream._readableState;
 
-/**
- * toString
- */
+  // If we get here before consuming all the bytes, then that is a
+  // bug in node.  Should never happen.
+  if (state.length > 0) throw new Error('"endReadable()" called on non-empty stream');
 
-var str = Object.prototype.toString;
+  if (!state.endEmitted) {
+    state.ended = true;
+    processNextTick(endReadableNT, state, stream);
+  }
+}
 
-/**
- * Whether or not the given `val`
- * is an array.
- *
- * example:
- *
- *        isArray([]);
- *        // > true
- *        isArray(arguments);
- *        // > false
- *        isArray('');
- *        // > false
- *
- * @param {mixed} val
- * @return {bool}
- */
+function endReadableNT(state, stream) {
+  // Check that we didn't get one last unshift.
+  if (!state.endEmitted && state.length === 0) {
+    state.endEmitted = true;
+    stream.readable = false;
+    stream.emit('end');
+  }
+}
 
-module.exports = isArray || function (val) {
-  return !! val && '[object Array]' == str.call(val);
-};
+function forEach(xs, f) {
+  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
+    f(xs[i], i);
+  }
+}
 
-},{}],11:[function(require,module,exports){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+function indexOf(xs, x) {
+  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
+    if (xs[i] === x) return i;
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./_stream_duplex":15,"./internal/streams/BufferList":20,"_process":13,"buffer":5,"buffer-shims":4,"core-util-is":6,"events":7,"inherits":9,"isarray":11,"process-nextick-args":12,"string_decoder/":26,"util":3}],18:[function(require,module,exports){
+// a transform stream is a readable/writable stream where you do
+// something with the data.  Sometimes it's called a "filter",
+// but that's not a great name for it, since that implies a thing where
+// some bits pass through, and others are simply ignored.  (That would
+// be a valid example of a transform, of course.)
 //
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
+// While the output is causally related to the input, it's not a
+// necessarily symmetric or synchronous transformation.  For example,
+// a zlib stream might take multiple plain-text writes(), and then
+// emit a single compressed chunk some time in the future.
 //
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+// Here's how this works:
 //
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-
-function EventEmitter() {
-  this._events = this._events || {};
-  this._maxListeners = this._maxListeners || undefined;
-}
-module.exports = EventEmitter;
+// The Transform stream has all the aspects of the readable and writable
+// stream classes.  When you write(chunk), that calls _write(chunk,cb)
+// internally, and returns false if there's a lot of pending writes
+// buffered up.  When you call read(), that calls _read(n) until
+// there's enough pending readable data buffered up.
+//
+// In a transform stream, the written data is placed in a buffer.  When
+// _read(n) is called, it transforms the queued up data, calling the
+// buffered _write cb's as it consumes chunks.  If consuming a single
+// written chunk would result in multiple output chunks, then the first
+// outputted bit calls the readcb, and subsequent chunks just go into
+// the read buffer, and will cause it to emit 'readable' if necessary.
+//
+// This way, back-pressure is actually determined by the reading side,
+// since _read has to be called to start processing a new chunk.  However,
+// a pathological inflate type of transform can cause excessive buffering
+// here.  For example, imagine a stream where every byte of input is
+// interpreted as an integer from 0-255, and then results in that many
+// bytes of output.  Writing the 4 bytes {ff,ff,ff,ff} would result in
+// 1kb of data being output.  In this case, you could write a very small
+// amount of input, and end up with a very large amount of output.  In
+// such a pathological inflating mechanism, there'd be no way to tell
+// the system to stop doing the transform.  A single 4MB write could
+// cause the system to run out of memory.
+//
+// However, even in such a pathological case, only a single written chunk
+// would be consumed, and then the rest would wait (un-transformed) until
+// the results of the previous transformed chunk were consumed.
 
-// Backwards-compat with node 0.10.x
-EventEmitter.EventEmitter = EventEmitter;
+'use strict';
 
-EventEmitter.prototype._events = undefined;
-EventEmitter.prototype._maxListeners = undefined;
+module.exports = Transform;
 
-// By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are
-// added to it. This is a useful default which helps finding memory leaks.
-EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners = 10;
+var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
 
-// Obviously not all Emitters should be limited to 10. This function allows
-// that to be increased. Set to zero for unlimited.
-EventEmitter.prototype.setMaxListeners = function(n) {
-  if (!isNumber(n) || n < 0 || isNaN(n))
-    throw TypeError('n must be a positive number');
-  this._maxListeners = n;
-  return this;
-};
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-EventEmitter.prototype.emit = function(type) {
-  var er, handler, len, args, i, listeners;
+util.inherits(Transform, Duplex);
 
-  if (!this._events)
-    this._events = {};
+function TransformState(stream) {
+  this.afterTransform = function (er, data) {
+    return afterTransform(stream, er, data);
+  };
 
-  // If there is no 'error' event listener then throw.
-  if (type === 'error') {
-    if (!this._events.error ||
-        (isObject(this._events.error) && !this._events.error.length)) {
-      er = arguments[1];
-      if (er instanceof Error) {
-        throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event
-      }
-      throw TypeError('Uncaught, unspecified "error" event.');
-    }
-  }
+  this.needTransform = false;
+  this.transforming = false;
+  this.writecb = null;
+  this.writechunk = null;
+  this.writeencoding = null;
+}
 
-  handler = this._events[type];
+function afterTransform(stream, er, data) {
+  var ts = stream._transformState;
+  ts.transforming = false;
 
-  if (isUndefined(handler))
-    return false;
+  var cb = ts.writecb;
 
-  if (isFunction(handler)) {
-    switch (arguments.length) {
-      // fast cases
-      case 1:
-        handler.call(this);
-        break;
-      case 2:
-        handler.call(this, arguments[1]);
-        break;
-      case 3:
-        handler.call(this, arguments[1], arguments[2]);
-        break;
-      // slower
-      default:
-        len = arguments.length;
-        args = new Array(len - 1);
-        for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
-          args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
-        handler.apply(this, args);
-    }
-  } else if (isObject(handler)) {
-    len = arguments.length;
-    args = new Array(len - 1);
-    for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
-      args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+  if (!cb) return stream.emit('error', new Error('no writecb in Transform class'));
 
-    listeners = handler.slice();
-    len = listeners.length;
-    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
-      listeners[i].apply(this, args);
-  }
+  ts.writechunk = null;
+  ts.writecb = null;
 
-  return true;
-};
+  if (data !== null && data !== undefined) stream.push(data);
 
-EventEmitter.prototype.addListener = function(type, listener) {
-  var m;
+  cb(er);
 
-  if (!isFunction(listener))
-    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+  var rs = stream._readableState;
+  rs.reading = false;
+  if (rs.needReadable || rs.length < rs.highWaterMark) {
+    stream._read(rs.highWaterMark);
+  }
+}
 
-  if (!this._events)
-    this._events = {};
+function Transform(options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof Transform)) return new Transform(options);
 
-  // To avoid recursion in the case that type === "newListener"! Before
-  // adding it to the listeners, first emit "newListener".
-  if (this._events.newListener)
-    this.emit('newListener', type,
-              isFunction(listener.listener) ?
-              listener.listener : listener);
+  Duplex.call(this, options);
 
-  if (!this._events[type])
-    // Optimize the case of one listener. Don't need the extra array object.
-    this._events[type] = listener;
-  else if (isObject(this._events[type]))
-    // If we've already got an array, just append.
-    this._events[type].push(listener);
-  else
-    // Adding the second element, need to change to array.
-    this._events[type] = [this._events[type], listener];
+  this._transformState = new TransformState(this);
 
-  // Check for listener leak
-  if (isObject(this._events[type]) && !this._events[type].warned) {
-    var m;
-    if (!isUndefined(this._maxListeners)) {
-      m = this._maxListeners;
-    } else {
-      m = EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners;
-    }
+  var stream = this;
 
-    if (m && m > 0 && this._events[type].length > m) {
-      this._events[type].warned = true;
-      console.error('(node) warning: possible EventEmitter memory ' +
-                    'leak detected. %d listeners added. ' +
-                    'Use emitter.setMaxListeners() to increase limit.',
-                    this._events[type].length);
-      if (typeof console.trace === 'function') {
-        // not supported in IE 10
-        console.trace();
-      }
-    }
-  }
+  // start out asking for a readable event once data is transformed.
+  this._readableState.needReadable = true;
 
-  return this;
-};
+  // we have implemented the _read method, and done the other things
+  // that Readable wants before the first _read call, so unset the
+  // sync guard flag.
+  this._readableState.sync = false;
 
-EventEmitter.prototype.on = EventEmitter.prototype.addListener;
+  if (options) {
+    if (typeof options.transform === 'function') this._transform = options.transform;
 
-EventEmitter.prototype.once = function(type, listener) {
-  if (!isFunction(listener))
-    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+    if (typeof options.flush === 'function') this._flush = options.flush;
+  }
 
-  var fired = false;
+  // When the writable side finishes, then flush out anything remaining.
+  this.once('prefinish', function () {
+    if (typeof this._flush === 'function') this._flush(function (er, data) {
+      done(stream, er, data);
+    });else done(stream);
+  });
+}
 
-  function g() {
-    this.removeListener(type, g);
+Transform.prototype.push = function (chunk, encoding) {
+  this._transformState.needTransform = false;
+  return Duplex.prototype.push.call(this, chunk, encoding);
+};
 
-    if (!fired) {
-      fired = true;
-      listener.apply(this, arguments);
-    }
+// This is the part where you do stuff!
+// override this function in implementation classes.
+// 'chunk' is an input chunk.
+//
+// Call `push(newChunk)` to pass along transformed output
+// to the readable side.  You may call 'push' zero or more times.
+//
+// Call `cb(err)` when you are done with this chunk.  If you pass
+// an error, then that'll put the hurt on the whole operation.  If you
+// never call cb(), then you'll never get another chunk.
+Transform.prototype._transform = function (chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  throw new Error('_transform() is not implemented');
+};
+
+Transform.prototype._write = function (chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  var ts = this._transformState;
+  ts.writecb = cb;
+  ts.writechunk = chunk;
+  ts.writeencoding = encoding;
+  if (!ts.transforming) {
+    var rs = this._readableState;
+    if (ts.needTransform || rs.needReadable || rs.length < rs.highWaterMark) this._read(rs.highWaterMark);
   }
+};
 
-  g.listener = listener;
-  this.on(type, g);
+// Doesn't matter what the args are here.
+// _transform does all the work.
+// That we got here means that the readable side wants more data.
+Transform.prototype._read = function (n) {
+  var ts = this._transformState;
 
-  return this;
+  if (ts.writechunk !== null && ts.writecb && !ts.transforming) {
+    ts.transforming = true;
+    this._transform(ts.writechunk, ts.writeencoding, ts.afterTransform);
+  } else {
+    // mark that we need a transform, so that any data that comes in
+    // will get processed, now that we've asked for it.
+    ts.needTransform = true;
+  }
 };
 
-// emits a 'removeListener' event iff the listener was removed
-EventEmitter.prototype.removeListener = function(type, listener) {
-  var list, position, length, i;
-
-  if (!isFunction(listener))
-    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+function done(stream, er, data) {
+  if (er) return stream.emit('error', er);
 
-  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
-    return this;
+  if (data !== null && data !== undefined) stream.push(data);
 
-  list = this._events[type];
-  length = list.length;
-  position = -1;
+  // if there's nothing in the write buffer, then that means
+  // that nothing more will ever be provided
+  var ws = stream._writableState;
+  var ts = stream._transformState;
 
-  if (list === listener ||
-      (isFunction(list.listener) && list.listener === listener)) {
-    delete this._events[type];
-    if (this._events.removeListener)
-      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
+  if (ws.length) throw new Error('Calling transform done when ws.length != 0');
 
-  } else if (isObject(list)) {
-    for (i = length; i-- > 0;) {
-      if (list[i] === listener ||
-          (list[i].listener && list[i].listener === listener)) {
-        position = i;
-        break;
-      }
-    }
+  if (ts.transforming) throw new Error('Calling transform done when still transforming');
 
-    if (position < 0)
-      return this;
+  return stream.push(null);
+}
+},{"./_stream_duplex":15,"core-util-is":6,"inherits":9}],19:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+// A bit simpler than readable streams.
+// Implement an async ._write(chunk, encoding, cb), and it'll handle all
+// the drain event emission and buffering.
 
-    if (list.length === 1) {
-      list.length = 0;
-      delete this._events[type];
-    } else {
-      list.splice(position, 1);
-    }
+'use strict';
 
-    if (this._events.removeListener)
-      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
-  }
+module.exports = Writable;
 
-  return this;
-};
+/*<replacement>*/
+var processNextTick = require('process-nextick-args');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-EventEmitter.prototype.removeAllListeners = function(type) {
-  var key, listeners;
+/*<replacement>*/
+var asyncWrite = !process.browser && ['v0.10', 'v0.9.'].indexOf(process.version.slice(0, 5)) > -1 ? setImmediate : processNextTick;
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-  if (!this._events)
-    return this;
+/*<replacement>*/
+var Duplex;
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-  // not listening for removeListener, no need to emit
-  if (!this._events.removeListener) {
-    if (arguments.length === 0)
-      this._events = {};
-    else if (this._events[type])
-      delete this._events[type];
-    return this;
-  }
+Writable.WritableState = WritableState;
 
-  // emit removeListener for all listeners on all events
-  if (arguments.length === 0) {
-    for (key in this._events) {
-      if (key === 'removeListener') continue;
-      this.removeAllListeners(key);
-    }
-    this.removeAllListeners('removeListener');
-    this._events = {};
-    return this;
-  }
+/*<replacement>*/
+var util = require('core-util-is');
+util.inherits = require('inherits');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-  listeners = this._events[type];
+/*<replacement>*/
+var internalUtil = {
+  deprecate: require('util-deprecate')
+};
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-  if (isFunction(listeners)) {
-    this.removeListener(type, listeners);
-  } else {
-    // LIFO order
-    while (listeners.length)
-      this.removeListener(type, listeners[listeners.length - 1]);
+/*<replacement>*/
+var Stream;
+(function () {
+  try {
+    Stream = require('st' + 'ream');
+  } catch (_) {} finally {
+    if (!Stream) Stream = require('events').EventEmitter;
   }
-  delete this._events[type];
+})();
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-  return this;
-};
+var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
+/*<replacement>*/
+var bufferShim = require('buffer-shims');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-EventEmitter.prototype.listeners = function(type) {
-  var ret;
-  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
-    ret = [];
-  else if (isFunction(this._events[type]))
-    ret = [this._events[type]];
-  else
-    ret = this._events[type].slice();
-  return ret;
-};
+util.inherits(Writable, Stream);
 
-EventEmitter.listenerCount = function(emitter, type) {
-  var ret;
-  if (!emitter._events || !emitter._events[type])
-    ret = 0;
-  else if (isFunction(emitter._events[type]))
-    ret = 1;
-  else
-    ret = emitter._events[type].length;
-  return ret;
-};
+function nop() {}
 
-function isFunction(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'function';
+function WriteReq(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  this.chunk = chunk;
+  this.encoding = encoding;
+  this.callback = cb;
+  this.next = null;
 }
 
-function isNumber(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'number';
-}
+function WritableState(options, stream) {
+  Duplex = Duplex || require('./_stream_duplex');
 
-function isObject(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
-}
+  options = options || {};
 
-function isUndefined(arg) {
-  return arg === void 0;
-}
+  // object stream flag to indicate whether or not this stream
+  // contains buffers or objects.
+  this.objectMode = !!options.objectMode;
 
-},{}],12:[function(require,module,exports){
-if (typeof Object.create === 'function') {
-  // implementation from standard node.js 'util' module
-  module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
-    ctor.super_ = superCtor
-    ctor.prototype = Object.create(superCtor.prototype, {
-      constructor: {
-        value: ctor,
-        enumerable: false,
-        writable: true,
-        configurable: true
-      }
-    });
-  };
-} else {
-  // old school shim for old browsers
-  module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
-    ctor.super_ = superCtor
-    var TempCtor = function () {}
-    TempCtor.prototype = superCtor.prototype
-    ctor.prototype = new TempCtor()
-    ctor.prototype.constructor = ctor
-  }
-}
+  if (stream instanceof Duplex) this.objectMode = this.objectMode || !!options.writableObjectMode;
 
-},{}],13:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports = Array.isArray || function (arr) {
-  return Object.prototype.toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
-};
+  // the point at which write() starts returning false
+  // Note: 0 is a valid value, means that we always return false if
+  // the entire buffer is not flushed immediately on write()
+  var hwm = options.highWaterMark;
+  var defaultHwm = this.objectMode ? 16 : 16 * 1024;
+  this.highWaterMark = hwm || hwm === 0 ? hwm : defaultHwm;
 
-},{}],14:[function(require,module,exports){
-// shim for using process in browser
+  // cast to ints.
+  this.highWaterMark = ~ ~this.highWaterMark;
 
-var process = module.exports = {};
-var queue = [];
-var draining = false;
-var currentQueue;
-var queueIndex = -1;
+  // drain event flag.
+  this.needDrain = false;
+  // at the start of calling end()
+  this.ending = false;
+  // when end() has been called, and returned
+  this.ended = false;
+  // when 'finish' is emitted
+  this.finished = false;
 
-function cleanUpNextTick() {
-    draining = false;
-    if (currentQueue.length) {
-        queue = currentQueue.concat(queue);
-    } else {
-        queueIndex = -1;
-    }
-    if (queue.length) {
-        drainQueue();
-    }
-}
+  // should we decode strings into buffers before passing to _write?
+  // this is here so that some node-core streams can optimize string
+  // handling at a lower level.
+  var noDecode = options.decodeStrings === false;
+  this.decodeStrings = !noDecode;
 
-function drainQueue() {
-    if (draining) {
-        return;
-    }
-    var timeout = setTimeout(cleanUpNextTick);
-    draining = true;
+  // Crypto is kind of old and crusty.  Historically, its default string
+  // encoding is 'binary' so we have to make this configurable.
+  // Everything else in the universe uses 'utf8', though.
+  this.defaultEncoding = options.defaultEncoding || 'utf8';
 
-    var len = queue.length;
-    while(len) {
-        currentQueue = queue;
-        queue = [];
-        while (++queueIndex < len) {
-            currentQueue[queueIndex].run();
-        }
-        queueIndex = -1;
-        len = queue.length;
-    }
-    currentQueue = null;
-    draining = false;
-    clearTimeout(timeout);
-}
+  // not an actual buffer we keep track of, but a measurement
+  // of how much we're waiting to get pushed to some underlying
+  // socket or file.
+  this.length = 0;
 
-process.nextTick = function (fun) {
-    var args = new Array(arguments.length - 1);
-    if (arguments.length > 1) {
-        for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-            args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
-        }
-    }
-    queue.push(new Item(fun, args));
-    if (queue.length === 1 && !draining) {
-        setTimeout(drainQueue, 0);
-    }
-};
+  // a flag to see when we're in the middle of a write.
+  this.writing = false;
 
-// v8 likes predictible objects
-function Item(fun, array) {
-    this.fun = fun;
-    this.array = array;
-}
-Item.prototype.run = function () {
-    this.fun.apply(null, this.array);
-};
-process.title = 'browser';
-process.browser = true;
-process.env = {};
-process.argv = [];
-process.version = ''; // empty string to avoid regexp issues
-process.versions = {};
+  // when true all writes will be buffered until .uncork() call
+  this.corked = 0;
 
-function noop() {}
+  // a flag to be able to tell if the onwrite cb is called immediately,
+  // or on a later tick.  We set this to true at first, because any
+  // actions that shouldn't happen until "later" should generally also
+  // not happen before the first write call.
+  this.sync = true;
 
-process.on = noop;
-process.addListener = noop;
-process.once = noop;
-process.off = noop;
-process.removeListener = noop;
-process.removeAllListeners = noop;
-process.emit = noop;
+  // a flag to know if we're processing previously buffered items, which
+  // may call the _write() callback in the same tick, so that we don't
+  // end up in an overlapped onwrite situation.
+  this.bufferProcessing = false;
 
-process.binding = function (name) {
-    throw new Error('process.binding is not supported');
-};
+  // the callback that's passed to _write(chunk,cb)
+  this.onwrite = function (er) {
+    onwrite(stream, er);
+  };
 
-// TODO(shtylman)
-process.cwd = function () { return '/' };
-process.chdir = function (dir) {
-    throw new Error('process.chdir is not supported');
-};
-process.umask = function() { return 0; };
+  // the callback that the user supplies to write(chunk,encoding,cb)
+  this.writecb = null;
 
-},{}],15:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_duplex.js")
+  // the amount that is being written when _write is called.
+  this.writelen = 0;
 
-},{"./lib/_stream_duplex.js":16}],16:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (process){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+  this.bufferedRequest = null;
+  this.lastBufferedRequest = null;
 
-// a duplex stream is just a stream that is both readable and writable.
-// Since JS doesn't have multiple prototypal inheritance, this class
-// prototypally inherits from Readable, and then parasitically from
-// Writable.
+  // number of pending user-supplied write callbacks
+  // this must be 0 before 'finish' can be emitted
+  this.pendingcb = 0;
 
-module.exports = Duplex;
+  // emit prefinish if the only thing we're waiting for is _write cbs
+  // This is relevant for synchronous Transform streams
+  this.prefinished = false;
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
-  var keys = [];
-  for (var key in obj) keys.push(key);
-  return keys;
+  // True if the error was already emitted and should not be thrown again
+  this.errorEmitted = false;
+
+  // count buffered requests
+  this.bufferedRequestCount = 0;
+
+  // allocate the first CorkedRequest, there is always
+  // one allocated and free to use, and we maintain at most two
+  this.corkedRequestsFree = new CorkedRequest(this);
 }
-/*</replacement>*/
 
+WritableState.prototype.getBuffer = function getBuffer() {
+  var current = this.bufferedRequest;
+  var out = [];
+  while (current) {
+    out.push(current);
+    current = current.next;
+  }
+  return out;
+};
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var util = require('core-util-is');
-util.inherits = require('inherits');
-/*</replacement>*/
+(function () {
+  try {
+    Object.defineProperty(WritableState.prototype, 'buffer', {
+      get: internalUtil.deprecate(function () {
+        return this.getBuffer();
+      }, '_writableState.buffer is deprecated. Use _writableState.getBuffer ' + 'instead.')
+    });
+  } catch (_) {}
+})();
 
-var Readable = require('./_stream_readable');
-var Writable = require('./_stream_writable');
+// Test _writableState for inheritance to account for Duplex streams,
+// whose prototype chain only points to Readable.
+var realHasInstance;
+if (typeof Symbol === 'function' && Symbol.hasInstance && typeof Function.prototype[Symbol.hasInstance] === 'function') {
+  realHasInstance = Function.prototype[Symbol.hasInstance];
+  Object.defineProperty(Writable, Symbol.hasInstance, {
+    value: function (object) {
+      if (realHasInstance.call(this, object)) return true;
 
-util.inherits(Duplex, Readable);
+      return object && object._writableState instanceof WritableState;
+    }
+  });
+} else {
+  realHasInstance = function (object) {
+    return object instanceof this;
+  };
+}
 
-forEach(objectKeys(Writable.prototype), function(method) {
-  if (!Duplex.prototype[method])
-    Duplex.prototype[method] = Writable.prototype[method];
-});
+function Writable(options) {
+  Duplex = Duplex || require('./_stream_duplex');
 
-function Duplex(options) {
-  if (!(this instanceof Duplex))
-    return new Duplex(options);
+  // Writable ctor is applied to Duplexes, too.
+  // `realHasInstance` is necessary because using plain `instanceof`
+  // would return false, as no `_writableState` property is attached.
 
-  Readable.call(this, options);
-  Writable.call(this, options);
+  // Trying to use the custom `instanceof` for Writable here will also break the
+  // Node.js LazyTransform implementation, which has a non-trivial getter for
+  // `_writableState` that would lead to infinite recursion.
+  if (!realHasInstance.call(Writable, this) && !(this instanceof Duplex)) {
+    return new Writable(options);
+  }
 
-  if (options && options.readable === false)
-    this.readable = false;
+  this._writableState = new WritableState(options, this);
 
-  if (options && options.writable === false)
-    this.writable = false;
+  // legacy.
+  this.writable = true;
 
-  this.allowHalfOpen = true;
-  if (options && options.allowHalfOpen === false)
-    this.allowHalfOpen = false;
+  if (options) {
+    if (typeof options.write === 'function') this._write = options.write;
 
-  this.once('end', onend);
+    if (typeof options.writev === 'function') this._writev = options.writev;
+  }
+
+  Stream.call(this);
 }
 
-// the no-half-open enforcer
-function onend() {
-  // if we allow half-open state, or if the writable side ended,
-  // then we're ok.
-  if (this.allowHalfOpen || this._writableState.ended)
-    return;
+// Otherwise people can pipe Writable streams, which is just wrong.
+Writable.prototype.pipe = function () {
+  this.emit('error', new Error('Cannot pipe, not readable'));
+};
 
-  // no more data can be written.
-  // But allow more writes to happen in this tick.
-  process.nextTick(this.end.bind(this));
+function writeAfterEnd(stream, cb) {
+  var er = new Error('write after end');
+  // TODO: defer error events consistently everywhere, not just the cb
+  stream.emit('error', er);
+  processNextTick(cb, er);
 }
 
-function forEach (xs, f) {
-  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
-    f(xs[i], i);
+// If we get something that is not a buffer, string, null, or undefined,
+// and we're not in objectMode, then that's an error.
+// Otherwise stream chunks are all considered to be of length=1, and the
+// watermarks determine how many objects to keep in the buffer, rather than
+// how many bytes or characters.
+function validChunk(stream, state, chunk, cb) {
+  var valid = true;
+  var er = false;
+  // Always throw error if a null is written
+  // if we are not in object mode then throw
+  // if it is not a buffer, string, or undefined.
+  if (chunk === null) {
+    er = new TypeError('May not write null values to stream');
+  } else if (!Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) && typeof chunk !== 'string' && chunk !== undefined && !state.objectMode) {
+    er = new TypeError('Invalid non-string/buffer chunk');
+  }
+  if (er) {
+    stream.emit('error', er);
+    processNextTick(cb, er);
+    valid = false;
   }
+  return valid;
 }
 
-}).call(this,require('_process'))
-},{"./_stream_readable":18,"./_stream_writable":20,"_process":14,"core-util-is":21,"inherits":12}],17:[function(require,module,exports){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+Writable.prototype.write = function (chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  var state = this._writableState;
+  var ret = false;
 
-// a passthrough stream.
-// basically just the most minimal sort of Transform stream.
-// Every written chunk gets output as-is.
+  if (typeof encoding === 'function') {
+    cb = encoding;
+    encoding = null;
+  }
 
-module.exports = PassThrough;
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) encoding = 'buffer';else if (!encoding) encoding = state.defaultEncoding;
 
-var Transform = require('./_stream_transform');
+  if (typeof cb !== 'function') cb = nop;
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var util = require('core-util-is');
-util.inherits = require('inherits');
-/*</replacement>*/
+  if (state.ended) writeAfterEnd(this, cb);else if (validChunk(this, state, chunk, cb)) {
+    state.pendingcb++;
+    ret = writeOrBuffer(this, state, chunk, encoding, cb);
+  }
 
-util.inherits(PassThrough, Transform);
+  return ret;
+};
 
-function PassThrough(options) {
-  if (!(this instanceof PassThrough))
-    return new PassThrough(options);
+Writable.prototype.cork = function () {
+  var state = this._writableState;
 
-  Transform.call(this, options);
-}
+  state.corked++;
+};
 
-PassThrough.prototype._transform = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  cb(null, chunk);
+Writable.prototype.uncork = function () {
+  var state = this._writableState;
+
+  if (state.corked) {
+    state.corked--;
+
+    if (!state.writing && !state.corked && !state.finished && !state.bufferProcessing && state.bufferedRequest) clearBuffer(this, state);
+  }
 };
 
-},{"./_stream_transform":19,"core-util-is":21,"inherits":12}],18:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (process){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+Writable.prototype.setDefaultEncoding = function setDefaultEncoding(encoding) {
+  // node::ParseEncoding() requires lower case.
+  if (typeof encoding === 'string') encoding = encoding.toLowerCase();
+  if (!(['hex', 'utf8', 'utf-8', 'ascii', 'binary', 'base64', 'ucs2', 'ucs-2', 'utf16le', 'utf-16le', 'raw'].indexOf((encoding + '').toLowerCase()) > -1)) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding);
+  this._writableState.defaultEncoding = encoding;
+  return this;
+};
 
-module.exports = Readable;
+function decodeChunk(state, chunk, encoding) {
+  if (!state.objectMode && state.decodeStrings !== false && typeof chunk === 'string') {
+    chunk = bufferShim.from(chunk, encoding);
+  }
+  return chunk;
+}
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var isArray = require('isarray');
-/*</replacement>*/
+// if we're already writing something, then just put this
+// in the queue, and wait our turn.  Otherwise, call _write
+// If we return false, then we need a drain event, so set that flag.
+function writeOrBuffer(stream, state, chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  chunk = decodeChunk(state, chunk, encoding);
 
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) encoding = 'buffer';
+  var len = state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
-/*</replacement>*/
+  state.length += len;
 
-Readable.ReadableState = ReadableState;
+  var ret = state.length < state.highWaterMark;
+  // we must ensure that previous needDrain will not be reset to false.
+  if (!ret) state.needDrain = true;
 
-var EE = require('events').EventEmitter;
+  if (state.writing || state.corked) {
+    var last = state.lastBufferedRequest;
+    state.lastBufferedRequest = new WriteReq(chunk, encoding, cb);
+    if (last) {
+      last.next = state.lastBufferedRequest;
+    } else {
+      state.bufferedRequest = state.lastBufferedRequest;
+    }
+    state.bufferedRequestCount += 1;
+  } else {
+    doWrite(stream, state, false, len, chunk, encoding, cb);
+  }
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-if (!EE.listenerCount) EE.listenerCount = function(emitter, type) {
-  return emitter.listeners(type).length;
-};
-/*</replacement>*/
+  return ret;
+}
 
-var Stream = require('stream');
+function doWrite(stream, state, writev, len, chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  state.writelen = len;
+  state.writecb = cb;
+  state.writing = true;
+  state.sync = true;
+  if (writev) stream._writev(chunk, state.onwrite);else stream._write(chunk, encoding, state.onwrite);
+  state.sync = false;
+}
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var util = require('core-util-is');
-util.inherits = require('inherits');
-/*</replacement>*/
+function onwriteError(stream, state, sync, er, cb) {
+  --state.pendingcb;
+  if (sync) processNextTick(cb, er);else cb(er);
 
-var StringDecoder;
+  stream._writableState.errorEmitted = true;
+  stream.emit('error', er);
+}
 
+function onwriteStateUpdate(state) {
+  state.writing = false;
+  state.writecb = null;
+  state.length -= state.writelen;
+  state.writelen = 0;
+}
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var debug = require('util');
-if (debug && debug.debuglog) {
-  debug = debug.debuglog('stream');
-} else {
-  debug = function () {};
+function onwrite(stream, er) {
+  var state = stream._writableState;
+  var sync = state.sync;
+  var cb = state.writecb;
+
+  onwriteStateUpdate(state);
+
+  if (er) onwriteError(stream, state, sync, er, cb);else {
+    // Check if we're actually ready to finish, but don't emit yet
+    var finished = needFinish(state);
+
+    if (!finished && !state.corked && !state.bufferProcessing && state.bufferedRequest) {
+      clearBuffer(stream, state);
+    }
+
+    if (sync) {
+      /*<replacement>*/
+      asyncWrite(afterWrite, stream, state, finished, cb);
+      /*</replacement>*/
+    } else {
+        afterWrite(stream, state, finished, cb);
+      }
+  }
+}
+
+function afterWrite(stream, state, finished, cb) {
+  if (!finished) onwriteDrain(stream, state);
+  state.pendingcb--;
+  cb();
+  finishMaybe(stream, state);
+}
+
+// Must force callback to be called on nextTick, so that we don't
+// emit 'drain' before the write() consumer gets the 'false' return
+// value, and has a chance to attach a 'drain' listener.
+function onwriteDrain(stream, state) {
+  if (state.length === 0 && state.needDrain) {
+    state.needDrain = false;
+    stream.emit('drain');
+  }
 }
-/*</replacement>*/
 
+// if there's something in the buffer waiting, then process it
+function clearBuffer(stream, state) {
+  state.bufferProcessing = true;
+  var entry = state.bufferedRequest;
 
-util.inherits(Readable, Stream);
+  if (stream._writev && entry && entry.next) {
+    // Fast case, write everything using _writev()
+    var l = state.bufferedRequestCount;
+    var buffer = new Array(l);
+    var holder = state.corkedRequestsFree;
+    holder.entry = entry;
 
-function ReadableState(options, stream) {
-  var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+    var count = 0;
+    while (entry) {
+      buffer[count] = entry;
+      entry = entry.next;
+      count += 1;
+    }
 
-  options = options || {};
+    doWrite(stream, state, true, state.length, buffer, '', holder.finish);
 
-  // the point at which it stops calling _read() to fill the buffer
-  // Note: 0 is a valid value, means "don't call _read preemptively ever"
-  var hwm = options.highWaterMark;
-  var defaultHwm = options.objectMode ? 16 : 16 * 1024;
-  this.highWaterMark = (hwm || hwm === 0) ? hwm : defaultHwm;
+    // doWrite is almost always async, defer these to save a bit of time
+    // as the hot path ends with doWrite
+    state.pendingcb++;
+    state.lastBufferedRequest = null;
+    if (holder.next) {
+      state.corkedRequestsFree = holder.next;
+      holder.next = null;
+    } else {
+      state.corkedRequestsFree = new CorkedRequest(state);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Slow case, write chunks one-by-one
+    while (entry) {
+      var chunk = entry.chunk;
+      var encoding = entry.encoding;
+      var cb = entry.callback;
+      var len = state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
 
-  // cast to ints.
-  this.highWaterMark = ~~this.highWaterMark;
+      doWrite(stream, state, false, len, chunk, encoding, cb);
+      entry = entry.next;
+      // if we didn't call the onwrite immediately, then
+      // it means that we need to wait until it does.
+      // also, that means that the chunk and cb are currently
+      // being processed, so move the buffer counter past them.
+      if (state.writing) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
 
-  this.buffer = [];
-  this.length = 0;
-  this.pipes = null;
-  this.pipesCount = 0;
-  this.flowing = null;
-  this.ended = false;
-  this.endEmitted = false;
-  this.reading = false;
+    if (entry === null) state.lastBufferedRequest = null;
+  }
 
-  // a flag to be able to tell if the onwrite cb is called immediately,
-  // or on a later tick.  We set this to true at first, because any
-  // actions that shouldn't happen until "later" should generally also
-  // not happen before the first write call.
-  this.sync = true;
+  state.bufferedRequestCount = 0;
+  state.bufferedRequest = entry;
+  state.bufferProcessing = false;
+}
 
-  // whenever we return null, then we set a flag to say
-  // that we're awaiting a 'readable' event emission.
-  this.needReadable = false;
-  this.emittedReadable = false;
-  this.readableListening = false;
+Writable.prototype._write = function (chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  cb(new Error('_write() is not implemented'));
+};
 
+Writable.prototype._writev = null;
 
-  // object stream flag. Used to make read(n) ignore n and to
-  // make all the buffer merging and length checks go away
-  this.objectMode = !!options.objectMode;
+Writable.prototype.end = function (chunk, encoding, cb) {
+  var state = this._writableState;
 
-  if (stream instanceof Duplex)
-    this.objectMode = this.objectMode || !!options.readableObjectMode;
+  if (typeof chunk === 'function') {
+    cb = chunk;
+    chunk = null;
+    encoding = null;
+  } else if (typeof encoding === 'function') {
+    cb = encoding;
+    encoding = null;
+  }
 
-  // Crypto is kind of old and crusty.  Historically, its default string
-  // encoding is 'binary' so we have to make this configurable.
-  // Everything else in the universe uses 'utf8', though.
-  this.defaultEncoding = options.defaultEncoding || 'utf8';
+  if (chunk !== null && chunk !== undefined) this.write(chunk, encoding);
 
-  // when piping, we only care about 'readable' events that happen
-  // after read()ing all the bytes and not getting any pushback.
-  this.ranOut = false;
+  // .end() fully uncorks
+  if (state.corked) {
+    state.corked = 1;
+    this.uncork();
+  }
 
-  // the number of writers that are awaiting a drain event in .pipe()s
-  this.awaitDrain = 0;
+  // ignore unnecessary end() calls.
+  if (!state.ending && !state.finished) endWritable(this, state, cb);
+};
 
-  // if true, a maybeReadMore has been scheduled
-  this.readingMore = false;
+function needFinish(state) {
+  return state.ending && state.length === 0 && state.bufferedRequest === null && !state.finished && !state.writing;
+}
 
-  this.decoder = null;
-  this.encoding = null;
-  if (options.encoding) {
-    if (!StringDecoder)
-      StringDecoder = require('string_decoder/').StringDecoder;
-    this.decoder = new StringDecoder(options.encoding);
-    this.encoding = options.encoding;
+function prefinish(stream, state) {
+  if (!state.prefinished) {
+    state.prefinished = true;
+    stream.emit('prefinish');
   }
 }
 
-function Readable(options) {
-  var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+function finishMaybe(stream, state) {
+  var need = needFinish(state);
+  if (need) {
+    if (state.pendingcb === 0) {
+      prefinish(stream, state);
+      state.finished = true;
+      stream.emit('finish');
+    } else {
+      prefinish(stream, state);
+    }
+  }
+  return need;
+}
 
-  if (!(this instanceof Readable))
-    return new Readable(options);
+function endWritable(stream, state, cb) {
+  state.ending = true;
+  finishMaybe(stream, state);
+  if (cb) {
+    if (state.finished) processNextTick(cb);else stream.once('finish', cb);
+  }
+  state.ended = true;
+  stream.writable = false;
+}
 
-  this._readableState = new ReadableState(options, this);
+// It seems a linked list but it is not
+// there will be only 2 of these for each stream
+function CorkedRequest(state) {
+  var _this = this;
 
-  // legacy
-  this.readable = true;
+  this.next = null;
+  this.entry = null;
 
-  Stream.call(this);
+  this.finish = function (err) {
+    var entry = _this.entry;
+    _this.entry = null;
+    while (entry) {
+      var cb = entry.callback;
+      state.pendingcb--;
+      cb(err);
+      entry = entry.next;
+    }
+    if (state.corkedRequestsFree) {
+      state.corkedRequestsFree.next = _this;
+    } else {
+      state.corkedRequestsFree = _this;
+    }
+  };
 }
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./_stream_duplex":15,"_process":13,"buffer":5,"buffer-shims":4,"core-util-is":6,"events":7,"inherits":9,"process-nextick-args":12,"util-deprecate":27}],20:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-// Manually shove something into the read() buffer.
-// This returns true if the highWaterMark has not been hit yet,
-// similar to how Writable.write() returns true if you should
-// write() some more.
-Readable.prototype.push = function(chunk, encoding) {
-  var state = this._readableState;
+var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
+/*<replacement>*/
+var bufferShim = require('buffer-shims');
+/*</replacement>*/
 
-  if (util.isString(chunk) && !state.objectMode) {
-    encoding = encoding || state.defaultEncoding;
-    if (encoding !== state.encoding) {
-      chunk = new Buffer(chunk, encoding);
-      encoding = '';
-    }
-  }
+module.exports = BufferList;
 
-  return readableAddChunk(this, state, chunk, encoding, false);
-};
+function BufferList() {
+  this.head = null;
+  this.tail = null;
+  this.length = 0;
+}
 
-// Unshift should *always* be something directly out of read()
-Readable.prototype.unshift = function(chunk) {
-  var state = this._readableState;
-  return readableAddChunk(this, state, chunk, '', true);
+BufferList.prototype.push = function (v) {
+  var entry = { data: v, next: null };
+  if (this.length > 0) this.tail.next = entry;else this.head = entry;
+  this.tail = entry;
+  ++this.length;
 };
 
-function readableAddChunk(stream, state, chunk, encoding, addToFront) {
-  var er = chunkInvalid(state, chunk);
-  if (er) {
-    stream.emit('error', er);
-  } else if (util.isNullOrUndefined(chunk)) {
-    state.reading = false;
-    if (!state.ended)
-      onEofChunk(stream, state);
-  } else if (state.objectMode || chunk && chunk.length > 0) {
-    if (state.ended && !addToFront) {
-      var e = new Error('stream.push() after EOF');
-      stream.emit('error', e);
-    } else if (state.endEmitted && addToFront) {
-      var e = new Error('stream.unshift() after end event');
-      stream.emit('error', e);
-    } else {
-      if (state.decoder && !addToFront && !encoding)
-        chunk = state.decoder.write(chunk);
+BufferList.prototype.unshift = function (v) {
+  var entry = { data: v, next: this.head };
+  if (this.length === 0) this.tail = entry;
+  this.head = entry;
+  ++this.length;
+};
 
-      if (!addToFront)
-        state.reading = false;
+BufferList.prototype.shift = function () {
+  if (this.length === 0) return;
+  var ret = this.head.data;
+  if (this.length === 1) this.head = this.tail = null;else this.head = this.head.next;
+  --this.length;
+  return ret;
+};
 
-      // if we want the data now, just emit it.
-      if (state.flowing && state.length === 0 && !state.sync) {
-        stream.emit('data', chunk);
-        stream.read(0);
-      } else {
-        // update the buffer info.
-        state.length += state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
-        if (addToFront)
-          state.buffer.unshift(chunk);
-        else
-          state.buffer.push(chunk);
+BufferList.prototype.clear = function () {
+  this.head = this.tail = null;
+  this.length = 0;
+};
 
-        if (state.needReadable)
-          emitReadable(stream);
-      }
+BufferList.prototype.join = function (s) {
+  if (this.length === 0) return '';
+  var p = this.head;
+  var ret = '' + p.data;
+  while (p = p.next) {
+    ret += s + p.data;
+  }return ret;
+};
 
-      maybeReadMore(stream, state);
-    }
-  } else if (!addToFront) {
-    state.reading = false;
+BufferList.prototype.concat = function (n) {
+  if (this.length === 0) return bufferShim.alloc(0);
+  if (this.length === 1) return this.head.data;
+  var ret = bufferShim.allocUnsafe(n >>> 0);
+  var p = this.head;
+  var i = 0;
+  while (p) {
+    p.data.copy(ret, i);
+    i += p.data.length;
+    p = p.next;
   }
+  return ret;
+};
+},{"buffer":5,"buffer-shims":4}],21:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_passthrough.js")
 
-  return needMoreData(state);
-}
+},{"./lib/_stream_passthrough.js":16}],22:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+var Stream = (function (){
+  try {
+    return require('st' + 'ream'); // hack to fix a circular dependency issue when used with browserify
+  } catch(_){}
+}());
+exports = module.exports = require('./lib/_stream_readable.js');
+exports.Stream = Stream || exports;
+exports.Readable = exports;
+exports.Writable = require('./lib/_stream_writable.js');
+exports.Duplex = require('./lib/_stream_duplex.js');
+exports.Transform = require('./lib/_stream_transform.js');
+exports.PassThrough = require('./lib/_stream_passthrough.js');
 
+if (!process.browser && process.env.READABLE_STREAM === 'disable' && Stream) {
+  module.exports = Stream;
+}
 
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./lib/_stream_duplex.js":15,"./lib/_stream_passthrough.js":16,"./lib/_stream_readable.js":17,"./lib/_stream_transform.js":18,"./lib/_stream_writable.js":19,"_process":13}],23:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_transform.js")
 
-// if it's past the high water mark, we can push in some more.
-// Also, if we have no data yet, we can stand some
-// more bytes.  This is to work around cases where hwm=0,
-// such as the repl.  Also, if the push() triggered a
-// readable event, and the user called read(largeNumber) such that
-// needReadable was set, then we ought to push more, so that another
-// 'readable' event will be triggered.
-function needMoreData(state) {
-  return !state.ended &&
-         (state.needReadable ||
-          state.length < state.highWaterMark ||
-          state.length === 0);
-}
+},{"./lib/_stream_transform.js":18}],24:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_writable.js")
 
-// backwards compatibility.
-Readable.prototype.setEncoding = function(enc) {
-  if (!StringDecoder)
-    StringDecoder = require('string_decoder/').StringDecoder;
-  this._readableState.decoder = new StringDecoder(enc);
-  this._readableState.encoding = enc;
-  return this;
-};
+},{"./lib/_stream_writable.js":19}],25:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
-// Don't raise the hwm > 128MB
-var MAX_HWM = 0x800000;
-function roundUpToNextPowerOf2(n) {
-  if (n >= MAX_HWM) {
-    n = MAX_HWM;
-  } else {
-    // Get the next highest power of 2
-    n--;
-    for (var p = 1; p < 32; p <<= 1) n |= n >> p;
-    n++;
-  }
-  return n;
-}
+module.exports = Stream;
 
-function howMuchToRead(n, state) {
-  if (state.length === 0 && state.ended)
-    return 0;
+var EE = require('events').EventEmitter;
+var inherits = require('inherits');
 
-  if (state.objectMode)
-    return n === 0 ? 0 : 1;
+inherits(Stream, EE);
+Stream.Readable = require('readable-stream/readable.js');
+Stream.Writable = require('readable-stream/writable.js');
+Stream.Duplex = require('readable-stream/duplex.js');
+Stream.Transform = require('readable-stream/transform.js');
+Stream.PassThrough = require('readable-stream/passthrough.js');
 
-  if (isNaN(n) || util.isNull(n)) {
-    // only flow one buffer at a time
-    if (state.flowing && state.buffer.length)
-      return state.buffer[0].length;
-    else
-      return state.length;
-  }
+// Backwards-compat with node 0.4.x
+Stream.Stream = Stream;
 
-  if (n <= 0)
-    return 0;
 
-  // If we're asking for more than the target buffer level,
-  // then raise the water mark.  Bump up to the next highest
-  // power of 2, to prevent increasing it excessively in tiny
-  // amounts.
-  if (n > state.highWaterMark)
-    state.highWaterMark = roundUpToNextPowerOf2(n);
 
-  // don't have that much.  return null, unless we've ended.
-  if (n > state.length) {
-    if (!state.ended) {
-      state.needReadable = true;
-      return 0;
-    } else
-      return state.length;
-  }
+// old-style streams.  Note that the pipe method (the only relevant
+// part of this class) is overridden in the Readable class.
 
-  return n;
+function Stream() {
+  EE.call(this);
 }
 
-// you can override either this method, or the async _read(n) below.
-Readable.prototype.read = function(n) {
-  debug('read', n);
-  var state = this._readableState;
-  var nOrig = n;
-
-  if (!util.isNumber(n) || n > 0)
-    state.emittedReadable = false;
+Stream.prototype.pipe = function(dest, options) {
+  var source = this;
 
-  // if we're doing read(0) to trigger a readable event, but we
-  // already have a bunch of data in the buffer, then just trigger
-  // the 'readable' event and move on.
-  if (n === 0 &&
-      state.needReadable &&
-      (state.length >= state.highWaterMark || state.ended)) {
-    debug('read: emitReadable', state.length, state.ended);
-    if (state.length === 0 && state.ended)
-      endReadable(this);
-    else
-      emitReadable(this);
-    return null;
+  function ondata(chunk) {
+    if (dest.writable) {
+      if (false === dest.write(chunk) && source.pause) {
+        source.pause();
+      }
+    }
   }
 
-  n = howMuchToRead(n, state);
+  source.on('data', ondata);
 
-  // if we've ended, and we're now clear, then finish it up.
-  if (n === 0 && state.ended) {
-    if (state.length === 0)
-      endReadable(this);
-    return null;
+  function ondrain() {
+    if (source.readable && source.resume) {
+      source.resume();
+    }
   }
 
-  // All the actual chunk generation logic needs to be
-  // *below* the call to _read.  The reason is that in certain
-  // synthetic stream cases, such as passthrough streams, _read
-  // may be a completely synchronous operation which may change
-  // the state of the read buffer, providing enough data when
-  // before there was *not* enough.
-  //
-  // So, the steps are:
-  // 1. Figure out what the state of things will be after we do
-  // a read from the buffer.
-  //
-  // 2. If that resulting state will trigger a _read, then call _read.
-  // Note that this may be asynchronous, or synchronous.  Yes, it is
-  // deeply ugly to write APIs this way, but that still doesn't mean
-  // that the Readable class should behave improperly, as streams are
-  // designed to be sync/async agnostic.
-  // Take note if the _read call is sync or async (ie, if the read call
-  // has returned yet), so that we know whether or not it's safe to emit
-  // 'readable' etc.
-  //
-  // 3. Actually pull the requested chunks out of the buffer and return.
-
-  // if we need a readable event, then we need to do some reading.
-  var doRead = state.needReadable;
-  debug('need readable', doRead);
+  dest.on('drain', ondrain);
 
-  // if we currently have less than the highWaterMark, then also read some
-  if (state.length === 0 || state.length - n < state.highWaterMark) {
-    doRead = true;
-    debug('length less than watermark', doRead);
+  // If the 'end' option is not supplied, dest.end() will be called when
+  // source gets the 'end' or 'close' events.  Only dest.end() once.
+  if (!dest._isStdio && (!options || options.end !== false)) {
+    source.on('end', onend);
+    source.on('close', onclose);
   }
 
-  // however, if we've ended, then there's no point, and if we're already
-  // reading, then it's unnecessary.
-  if (state.ended || state.reading) {
-    doRead = false;
-    debug('reading or ended', doRead);
-  }
+  var didOnEnd = false;
+  function onend() {
+    if (didOnEnd) return;
+    didOnEnd = true;
 
-  if (doRead) {
-    debug('do read');
-    state.reading = true;
-    state.sync = true;
-    // if the length is currently zero, then we *need* a readable event.
-    if (state.length === 0)
-      state.needReadable = true;
-    // call internal read method
-    this._read(state.highWaterMark);
-    state.sync = false;
+    dest.end();
   }
 
-  // If _read pushed data synchronously, then `reading` will be false,
-  // and we need to re-evaluate how much data we can return to the user.
-  if (doRead && !state.reading)
-    n = howMuchToRead(nOrig, state);
 
-  var ret;
-  if (n > 0)
-    ret = fromList(n, state);
-  else
-    ret = null;
+  function onclose() {
+    if (didOnEnd) return;
+    didOnEnd = true;
 
-  if (util.isNull(ret)) {
-    state.needReadable = true;
-    n = 0;
+    if (typeof dest.destroy === 'function') dest.destroy();
   }
 
-  state.length -= n;
+  // don't leave dangling pipes when there are errors.
+  function onerror(er) {
+    cleanup();
+    if (EE.listenerCount(this, 'error') === 0) {
+      throw er; // Unhandled stream error in pipe.
+    }
+  }
 
-  // If we have nothing in the buffer, then we want to know
-  // as soon as we *do* get something into the buffer.
-  if (state.length === 0 && !state.ended)
-    state.needReadable = true;
+  source.on('error', onerror);
+  dest.on('error', onerror);
 
-  // If we tried to read() past the EOF, then emit end on the next tick.
-  if (nOrig !== n && state.ended && state.length === 0)
-    endReadable(this);
+  // remove all the event listeners that were added.
+  function cleanup() {
+    source.removeListener('data', ondata);
+    dest.removeListener('drain', ondrain);
 
-  if (!util.isNull(ret))
-    this.emit('data', ret);
+    source.removeListener('end', onend);
+    source.removeListener('close', onclose);
 
-  return ret;
-};
+    source.removeListener('error', onerror);
+    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
 
-function chunkInvalid(state, chunk) {
-  var er = null;
-  if (!util.isBuffer(chunk) &&
-      !util.isString(chunk) &&
-      !util.isNullOrUndefined(chunk) &&
-      !state.objectMode) {
-    er = new TypeError('Invalid non-string/buffer chunk');
+    source.removeListener('end', cleanup);
+    source.removeListener('close', cleanup);
+
+    dest.removeListener('close', cleanup);
   }
-  return er;
-}
 
+  source.on('end', cleanup);
+  source.on('close', cleanup);
 
-function onEofChunk(stream, state) {
-  if (state.decoder && !state.ended) {
-    var chunk = state.decoder.end();
-    if (chunk && chunk.length) {
-      state.buffer.push(chunk);
-      state.length += state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
-    }
-  }
-  state.ended = true;
+  dest.on('close', cleanup);
 
-  // emit 'readable' now to make sure it gets picked up.
-  emitReadable(stream);
-}
+  dest.emit('pipe', source);
 
-// Don't emit readable right away in sync mode, because this can trigger
-// another read() call => stack overflow.  This way, it might trigger
-// a nextTick recursion warning, but that's not so bad.
-function emitReadable(stream) {
-  var state = stream._readableState;
-  state.needReadable = false;
-  if (!state.emittedReadable) {
-    debug('emitReadable', state.flowing);
-    state.emittedReadable = true;
-    if (state.sync)
-      process.nextTick(function() {
-        emitReadable_(stream);
-      });
-    else
-      emitReadable_(stream);
-  }
-}
+  // Allow for unix-like usage: A.pipe(B).pipe(C)
+  return dest;
+};
+
+},{"events":7,"inherits":9,"readable-stream/duplex.js":14,"readable-stream/passthrough.js":21,"readable-stream/readable.js":22,"readable-stream/transform.js":23,"readable-stream/writable.js":24}],26:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
-function emitReadable_(stream) {
-  debug('emit readable');
-  stream.emit('readable');
-  flow(stream);
-}
+var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
 
+var isBufferEncoding = Buffer.isEncoding
+  || function(encoding) {
+       switch (encoding && encoding.toLowerCase()) {
+         case 'hex': case 'utf8': case 'utf-8': case 'ascii': case 'binary': case 'base64': case 'ucs2': case 'ucs-2': case 'utf16le': case 'utf-16le': case 'raw': return true;
+         default: return false;
+       }
+     }
 
-// at this point, the user has presumably seen the 'readable' event,
-// and called read() to consume some data.  that may have triggered
-// in turn another _read(n) call, in which case reading = true if
-// it's in progress.
-// However, if we're not ended, or reading, and the length < hwm,
-// then go ahead and try to read some more preemptively.
-function maybeReadMore(stream, state) {
-  if (!state.readingMore) {
-    state.readingMore = true;
-    process.nextTick(function() {
-      maybeReadMore_(stream, state);
-    });
-  }
-}
 
-function maybeReadMore_(stream, state) {
-  var len = state.length;
-  while (!state.reading && !state.flowing && !state.ended &&
-         state.length < state.highWaterMark) {
-    debug('maybeReadMore read 0');
-    stream.read(0);
-    if (len === state.length)
-      // didn't get any data, stop spinning.
-      break;
-    else
-      len = state.length;
+function assertEncoding(encoding) {
+  if (encoding && !isBufferEncoding(encoding)) {
+    throw new Error('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding);
   }
-  state.readingMore = false;
 }
 
-// abstract method.  to be overridden in specific implementation classes.
-// call cb(er, data) where data is <= n in length.
-// for virtual (non-string, non-buffer) streams, "length" is somewhat
-// arbitrary, and perhaps not very meaningful.
-Readable.prototype._read = function(n) {
-  this.emit('error', new Error('not implemented'));
-};
-
-Readable.prototype.pipe = function(dest, pipeOpts) {
-  var src = this;
-  var state = this._readableState;
-
-  switch (state.pipesCount) {
-    case 0:
-      state.pipes = dest;
+// StringDecoder provides an interface for efficiently splitting a series of
+// buffers into a series of JS strings without breaking apart multi-byte
+// characters. CESU-8 is handled as part of the UTF-8 encoding.
+//
+// @TODO Handling all encodings inside a single object makes it very difficult
+// to reason about this code, so it should be split up in the future.
+// @TODO There should be a utf8-strict encoding that rejects invalid UTF-8 code
+// points as used by CESU-8.
+var StringDecoder = exports.StringDecoder = function(encoding) {
+  this.encoding = (encoding || 'utf8').toLowerCase().replace(/[-_]/, '');
+  assertEncoding(encoding);
+  switch (this.encoding) {
+    case 'utf8':
+      // CESU-8 represents each of Surrogate Pair by 3-bytes
+      this.surrogateSize = 3;
       break;
-    case 1:
-      state.pipes = [state.pipes, dest];
+    case 'ucs2':
+    case 'utf16le':
+      // UTF-16 represents each of Surrogate Pair by 2-bytes
+      this.surrogateSize = 2;
+      this.detectIncompleteChar = utf16DetectIncompleteChar;
       break;
-    default:
-      state.pipes.push(dest);
+    case 'base64':
+      // Base-64 stores 3 bytes in 4 chars, and pads the remainder.
+      this.surrogateSize = 3;
+      this.detectIncompleteChar = base64DetectIncompleteChar;
       break;
+    default:
+      this.write = passThroughWrite;
+      return;
   }
-  state.pipesCount += 1;
-  debug('pipe count=%d opts=%j', state.pipesCount, pipeOpts);
 
-  var doEnd = (!pipeOpts || pipeOpts.end !== false) &&
-              dest !== process.stdout &&
-              dest !== process.stderr;
+  // Enough space to store all bytes of a single character. UTF-8 needs 4
+  // bytes, but CESU-8 may require up to 6 (3 bytes per surrogate).
+  this.charBuffer = new Buffer(6);
+  // Number of bytes received for the current incomplete multi-byte character.
+  this.charReceived = 0;
+  // Number of bytes expected for the current incomplete multi-byte character.
+  this.charLength = 0;
+};
 
-  var endFn = doEnd ? onend : cleanup;
-  if (state.endEmitted)
-    process.nextTick(endFn);
-  else
-    src.once('end', endFn);
 
-  dest.on('unpipe', onunpipe);
-  function onunpipe(readable) {
-    debug('onunpipe');
-    if (readable === src) {
-      cleanup();
+// write decodes the given buffer and returns it as JS string that is
+// guaranteed to not contain any partial multi-byte characters. Any partial
+// character found at the end of the buffer is buffered up, and will be
+// returned when calling write again with the remaining bytes.
+//
+// Note: Converting a Buffer containing an orphan surrogate to a String
+// currently works, but converting a String to a Buffer (via `new Buffer`, or
+// Buffer#write) will replace incomplete surrogates with the unicode
+// replacement character. See https://codereview.chromium.org/121173009/ .
+StringDecoder.prototype.write = function(buffer) {
+  var charStr = '';
+  // if our last write ended with an incomplete multibyte character
+  while (this.charLength) {
+    // determine how many remaining bytes this buffer has to offer for this char
+    var available = (buffer.length >= this.charLength - this.charReceived) ?
+        this.charLength - this.charReceived :
+        buffer.length;
+
+    // add the new bytes to the char buffer
+    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, this.charReceived, 0, available);
+    this.charReceived += available;
+
+    if (this.charReceived < this.charLength) {
+      // still not enough chars in this buffer? wait for more ...
+      return '';
     }
-  }
 
-  function onend() {
-    debug('onend');
-    dest.end();
-  }
+    // remove bytes belonging to the current character from the buffer
+    buffer = buffer.slice(available, buffer.length);
 
-  // when the dest drains, it reduces the awaitDrain counter
-  // on the source.  This would be more elegant with a .once()
-  // handler in flow(), but adding and removing repeatedly is
-  // too slow.
-  var ondrain = pipeOnDrain(src);
-  dest.on('drain', ondrain);
+    // get the character that was split
+    charStr = this.charBuffer.slice(0, this.charLength).toString(this.encoding);
 
-  function cleanup() {
-    debug('cleanup');
-    // cleanup event handlers once the pipe is broken
-    dest.removeListener('close', onclose);
-    dest.removeListener('finish', onfinish);
-    dest.removeListener('drain', ondrain);
-    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
-    dest.removeListener('unpipe', onunpipe);
-    src.removeListener('end', onend);
-    src.removeListener('end', cleanup);
-    src.removeListener('data', ondata);
+    // CESU-8: lead surrogate (D800-DBFF) is also the incomplete character
+    var charCode = charStr.charCodeAt(charStr.length - 1);
+    if (charCode >= 0xD800 && charCode <= 0xDBFF) {
+      this.charLength += this.surrogateSize;
+      charStr = '';
+      continue;
+    }
+    this.charReceived = this.charLength = 0;
 
-    // if the reader is waiting for a drain event from this
-    // specific writer, then it would cause it to never start
-    // flowing again.
-    // So, if this is awaiting a drain, then we just call it now.
-    // If we don't know, then assume that we are waiting for one.
-    if (state.awaitDrain &&
-        (!dest._writableState || dest._writableState.needDrain))
-      ondrain();
+    // if there are no more bytes in this buffer, just emit our char
+    if (buffer.length === 0) {
+      return charStr;
+    }
+    break;
   }
 
-  src.on('data', ondata);
-  function ondata(chunk) {
-    debug('ondata');
-    var ret = dest.write(chunk);
-    if (false === ret) {
-      debug('false write response, pause',
-            src._readableState.awaitDrain);
-      src._readableState.awaitDrain++;
-      src.pause();
-    }
+  // determine and set charLength / charReceived
+  this.detectIncompleteChar(buffer);
+
+  var end = buffer.length;
+  if (this.charLength) {
+    // buffer the incomplete character bytes we got
+    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, 0, buffer.length - this.charReceived, end);
+    end -= this.charReceived;
   }
 
-  // if the dest has an error, then stop piping into it.
-  // however, don't suppress the throwing behavior for this.
-  function onerror(er) {
-    debug('onerror', er);
-    unpipe();
-    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
-    if (EE.listenerCount(dest, 'error') === 0)
-      dest.emit('error', er);
+  charStr += buffer.toString(this.encoding, 0, end);
+
+  var end = charStr.length - 1;
+  var charCode = charStr.charCodeAt(end);
+  // CESU-8: lead surrogate (D800-DBFF) is also the incomplete character
+  if (charCode >= 0xD800 && charCode <= 0xDBFF) {
+    var size = this.surrogateSize;
+    this.charLength += size;
+    this.charReceived += size;
+    this.charBuffer.copy(this.charBuffer, size, 0, size);
+    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, 0, 0, size);
+    return charStr.substring(0, end);
   }
-  // This is a brutally ugly hack to make sure that our error handler
-  // is attached before any userland ones.  NEVER DO THIS.
-  if (!dest._events || !dest._events.error)
-    dest.on('error', onerror);
-  else if (isArray(dest._events.error))
-    dest._events.error.unshift(onerror);
-  else
-    dest._events.error = [onerror, dest._events.error];
 
+  // or just emit the charStr
+  return charStr;
+};
+
+// detectIncompleteChar determines if there is an incomplete UTF-8 character at
+// the end of the given buffer. If so, it sets this.charLength to the byte
+// length that character, and sets this.charReceived to the number of bytes
+// that are available for this character.
+StringDecoder.prototype.detectIncompleteChar = function(buffer) {
+  // determine how many bytes we have to check at the end of this buffer
+  var i = (buffer.length >= 3) ? 3 : buffer.length;
+
+  // Figure out if one of the last i bytes of our buffer announces an
+  // incomplete char.
+  for (; i > 0; i--) {
+    var c = buffer[buffer.length - i];
 
+    // See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8#Description
 
-  // Both close and finish should trigger unpipe, but only once.
-  function onclose() {
-    dest.removeListener('finish', onfinish);
-    unpipe();
-  }
-  dest.once('close', onclose);
-  function onfinish() {
-    debug('onfinish');
-    dest.removeListener('close', onclose);
-    unpipe();
-  }
-  dest.once('finish', onfinish);
+    // 110XXXXX
+    if (i == 1 && c >> 5 == 0x06) {
+      this.charLength = 2;
+      break;
+    }
 
-  function unpipe() {
-    debug('unpipe');
-    src.unpipe(dest);
+    // 1110XXXX
+    if (i <= 2 && c >> 4 == 0x0E) {
+      this.charLength = 3;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // 11110XXX
+    if (i <= 3 && c >> 3 == 0x1E) {
+      this.charLength = 4;
+      break;
+    }
   }
+  this.charReceived = i;
+};
 
-  // tell the dest that it's being piped to
-  dest.emit('pipe', src);
+StringDecoder.prototype.end = function(buffer) {
+  var res = '';
+  if (buffer && buffer.length)
+    res = this.write(buffer);
 
-  // start the flow if it hasn't been started already.
-  if (!state.flowing) {
-    debug('pipe resume');
-    src.resume();
+  if (this.charReceived) {
+    var cr = this.charReceived;
+    var buf = this.charBuffer;
+    var enc = this.encoding;
+    res += buf.slice(0, cr).toString(enc);
   }
 
-  return dest;
+  return res;
 };
 
-function pipeOnDrain(src) {
-  return function() {
-    var state = src._readableState;
-    debug('pipeOnDrain', state.awaitDrain);
-    if (state.awaitDrain)
-      state.awaitDrain--;
-    if (state.awaitDrain === 0 && EE.listenerCount(src, 'data')) {
-      state.flowing = true;
-      flow(src);
-    }
-  };
+function passThroughWrite(buffer) {
+  return buffer.toString(this.encoding);
 }
 
+function utf16DetectIncompleteChar(buffer) {
+  this.charReceived = buffer.length % 2;
+  this.charLength = this.charReceived ? 2 : 0;
+}
 
-Readable.prototype.unpipe = function(dest) {
-  var state = this._readableState;
+function base64DetectIncompleteChar(buffer) {
+  this.charReceived = buffer.length % 3;
+  this.charLength = this.charReceived ? 3 : 0;
+}
 
-  // if we're not piping anywhere, then do nothing.
-  if (state.pipesCount === 0)
-    return this;
+},{"buffer":5}],27:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (global){
 
-  // just one destination.  most common case.
-  if (state.pipesCount === 1) {
-    // passed in one, but it's not the right one.
-    if (dest && dest !== state.pipes)
-      return this;
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ */
 
-    if (!dest)
-      dest = state.pipes;
+module.exports = deprecate;
 
-    // got a match.
-    state.pipes = null;
-    state.pipesCount = 0;
-    state.flowing = false;
-    if (dest)
-      dest.emit('unpipe', this);
-    return this;
+/**
+ * Mark that a method should not be used.
+ * Returns a modified function which warns once by default.
+ *
+ * If `localStorage.noDeprecation = true` is set, then it is a no-op.
+ *
+ * If `localStorage.throwDeprecation = true` is set, then deprecated functions
+ * will throw an Error when invoked.
+ *
+ * If `localStorage.traceDeprecation = true` is set, then deprecated functions
+ * will invoke `console.trace()` instead of `console.error()`.
+ *
+ * @param {Function} fn - the function to deprecate
+ * @param {String} msg - the string to print to the console when `fn` is invoked
+ * @returns {Function} a new "deprecated" version of `fn`
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function deprecate (fn, msg) {
+  if (config('noDeprecation')) {
+    return fn;
   }
 
-  // slow case. multiple pipe destinations.
+  var warned = false;
+  function deprecated() {
+    if (!warned) {
+      if (config('throwDeprecation')) {
+        throw new Error(msg);
+      } else if (config('traceDeprecation')) {
+        console.trace(msg);
+      } else {
+        console.warn(msg);
+      }
+      warned = true;
+    }
+    return fn.apply(this, arguments);
+  }
 
-  if (!dest) {
-    // remove all.
-    var dests = state.pipes;
-    var len = state.pipesCount;
-    state.pipes = null;
-    state.pipesCount = 0;
-    state.flowing = false;
+  return deprecated;
+}
 
-    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
-      dests[i].emit('unpipe', this);
-    return this;
-  }
+/**
+ * Checks `localStorage` for boolean values for the given `name`.
+ *
+ * @param {String} name
+ * @returns {Boolean}
+ * @api private
+ */
 
-  // try to find the right one.
-  var i = indexOf(state.pipes, dest);
-  if (i === -1)
-    return this;
+function config (name) {
+  // accessing global.localStorage can trigger a DOMException in sandboxed iframes
+  try {
+    if (!global.localStorage) return false;
+  } catch (_) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  var val = global.localStorage[name];
+  if (null == val) return false;
+  return String(val).toLowerCase() === 'true';
+}
 
-  state.pipes.splice(i, 1);
-  state.pipesCount -= 1;
-  if (state.pipesCount === 1)
-    state.pipes = state.pipes[0];
+}).call(this,typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
+},{}],28:[function(require,module,exports){
+arguments[4][9][0].apply(exports,arguments)
+},{"dup":9}],29:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = function isBuffer(arg) {
+  return arg && typeof arg === 'object'
+    && typeof arg.copy === 'function'
+    && typeof arg.fill === 'function'
+    && typeof arg.readUInt8 === 'function';
+}
+},{}],30:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process,global){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
-  dest.emit('unpipe', this);
+var formatRegExp = /%[sdj%]/g;
+exports.format = function(f) {
+  if (!isString(f)) {
+    var objects = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+      objects.push(inspect(arguments[i]));
+    }
+    return objects.join(' ');
+  }
 
-  return this;
+  var i = 1;
+  var args = arguments;
+  var len = args.length;
+  var str = String(f).replace(formatRegExp, function(x) {
+    if (x === '%%') return '%';
+    if (i >= len) return x;
+    switch (x) {
+      case '%s': return String(args[i++]);
+      case '%d': return Number(args[i++]);
+      case '%j':
+        try {
+          return JSON.stringify(args[i++]);
+        } catch (_) {
+          return '[Circular]';
+        }
+      default:
+        return x;
+    }
+  });
+  for (var x = args[i]; i < len; x = args[++i]) {
+    if (isNull(x) || !isObject(x)) {
+      str += ' ' + x;
+    } else {
+      str += ' ' + inspect(x);
+    }
+  }
+  return str;
 };
 
-// set up data events if they are asked for
-// Ensure readable listeners eventually get something
-Readable.prototype.on = function(ev, fn) {
-  var res = Stream.prototype.on.call(this, ev, fn);
 
-  // If listening to data, and it has not explicitly been paused,
-  // then call resume to start the flow of data on the next tick.
-  if (ev === 'data' && false !== this._readableState.flowing) {
-    this.resume();
+// Mark that a method should not be used.
+// Returns a modified function which warns once by default.
+// If --no-deprecation is set, then it is a no-op.
+exports.deprecate = function(fn, msg) {
+  // Allow for deprecating things in the process of starting up.
+  if (isUndefined(global.process)) {
+    return function() {
+      return exports.deprecate(fn, msg).apply(this, arguments);
+    };
   }
 
-  if (ev === 'readable' && this.readable) {
-    var state = this._readableState;
-    if (!state.readableListening) {
-      state.readableListening = true;
-      state.emittedReadable = false;
-      state.needReadable = true;
-      if (!state.reading) {
-        var self = this;
-        process.nextTick(function() {
-          debug('readable nexttick read 0');
-          self.read(0);
-        });
-      } else if (state.length) {
-        emitReadable(this, state);
+  if (process.noDeprecation === true) {
+    return fn;
+  }
+
+  var warned = false;
+  function deprecated() {
+    if (!warned) {
+      if (process.throwDeprecation) {
+        throw new Error(msg);
+      } else if (process.traceDeprecation) {
+        console.trace(msg);
+      } else {
+        console.error(msg);
       }
+      warned = true;
     }
+    return fn.apply(this, arguments);
   }
 
-  return res;
+  return deprecated;
 };
-Readable.prototype.addListener = Readable.prototype.on;
 
-// pause() and resume() are remnants of the legacy readable stream API
-// If the user uses them, then switch into old mode.
-Readable.prototype.resume = function() {
-  var state = this._readableState;
-  if (!state.flowing) {
-    debug('resume');
-    state.flowing = true;
-    if (!state.reading) {
-      debug('resume read 0');
-      this.read(0);
+
+var debugs = {};
+var debugEnviron;
+exports.debuglog = function(set) {
+  if (isUndefined(debugEnviron))
+    debugEnviron = process.env.NODE_DEBUG || '';
+  set = set.toUpperCase();
+  if (!debugs[set]) {
+    if (new RegExp('\\b' + set + '\\b', 'i').test(debugEnviron)) {
+      var pid = process.pid;
+      debugs[set] = function() {
+        var msg = exports.format.apply(exports, arguments);
+        console.error('%s %d: %s', set, pid, msg);
+      };
+    } else {
+      debugs[set] = function() {};
     }
-    resume(this, state);
   }
-  return this;
+  return debugs[set];
 };
 
-function resume(stream, state) {
-  if (!state.resumeScheduled) {
-    state.resumeScheduled = true;
-    process.nextTick(function() {
-      resume_(stream, state);
-    });
-  }
-}
-
-function resume_(stream, state) {
-  state.resumeScheduled = false;
-  stream.emit('resume');
-  flow(stream);
-  if (state.flowing && !state.reading)
-    stream.read(0);
-}
 
-Readable.prototype.pause = function() {
-  debug('call pause flowing=%j', this._readableState.flowing);
-  if (false !== this._readableState.flowing) {
-    debug('pause');
-    this._readableState.flowing = false;
-    this.emit('pause');
-  }
-  return this;
-};
-
-function flow(stream) {
-  var state = stream._readableState;
-  debug('flow', state.flowing);
-  if (state.flowing) {
-    do {
-      var chunk = stream.read();
-    } while (null !== chunk && state.flowing);
+/**
+ * Echos the value of a value. Trys to print the value out
+ * in the best way possible given the different types.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} obj The object to print out.
+ * @param {Object} opts Optional options object that alters the output.
+ */
+/* legacy: obj, showHidden, depth, colors*/
+function inspect(obj, opts) {
+  // default options
+  var ctx = {
+    seen: [],
+    stylize: stylizeNoColor
+  };
+  // legacy...
+  if (arguments.length >= 3) ctx.depth = arguments[2];
+  if (arguments.length >= 4) ctx.colors = arguments[3];
+  if (isBoolean(opts)) {
+    // legacy...
+    ctx.showHidden = opts;
+  } else if (opts) {
+    // got an "options" object
+    exports._extend(ctx, opts);
   }
+  // set default options
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.showHidden)) ctx.showHidden = false;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.depth)) ctx.depth = 2;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.colors)) ctx.colors = false;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.customInspect)) ctx.customInspect = true;
+  if (ctx.colors) ctx.stylize = stylizeWithColor;
+  return formatValue(ctx, obj, ctx.depth);
 }
+exports.inspect = inspect;
 
-// wrap an old-style stream as the async data source.
-// This is *not* part of the readable stream interface.
-// It is an ugly unfortunate mess of history.
-Readable.prototype.wrap = function(stream) {
-  var state = this._readableState;
-  var paused = false;
 
-  var self = this;
-  stream.on('end', function() {
-    debug('wrapped end');
-    if (state.decoder && !state.ended) {
-      var chunk = state.decoder.end();
-      if (chunk && chunk.length)
-        self.push(chunk);
-    }
+// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#graphics
+inspect.colors = {
+  'bold' : [1, 22],
+  'italic' : [3, 23],
+  'underline' : [4, 24],
+  'inverse' : [7, 27],
+  'white' : [37, 39],
+  'grey' : [90, 39],
+  'black' : [30, 39],
+  'blue' : [34, 39],
+  'cyan' : [36, 39],
+  'green' : [32, 39],
+  'magenta' : [35, 39],
+  'red' : [31, 39],
+  'yellow' : [33, 39]
+};
 
-    self.push(null);
-  });
+// Don't use 'blue' not visible on cmd.exe
+inspect.styles = {
+  'special': 'cyan',
+  'number': 'yellow',
+  'boolean': 'yellow',
+  'undefined': 'grey',
+  'null': 'bold',
+  'string': 'green',
+  'date': 'magenta',
+  // "name": intentionally not styling
+  'regexp': 'red'
+};
 
-  stream.on('data', function(chunk) {
-    debug('wrapped data');
-    if (state.decoder)
-      chunk = state.decoder.write(chunk);
-    if (!chunk || !state.objectMode && !chunk.length)
-      return;
 
-    var ret = self.push(chunk);
-    if (!ret) {
-      paused = true;
-      stream.pause();
-    }
-  });
+function stylizeWithColor(str, styleType) {
+  var style = inspect.styles[styleType];
 
-  // proxy all the other methods.
-  // important when wrapping filters and duplexes.
-  for (var i in stream) {
-    if (util.isFunction(stream[i]) && util.isUndefined(this[i])) {
-      this[i] = function(method) { return function() {
-        return stream[method].apply(stream, arguments);
-      }}(i);
-    }
+  if (style) {
+    return '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][0] + 'm' + str +
+           '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][1] + 'm';
+  } else {
+    return str;
   }
+}
 
-  // proxy certain important events.
-  var events = ['error', 'close', 'destroy', 'pause', 'resume'];
-  forEach(events, function(ev) {
-    stream.on(ev, self.emit.bind(self, ev));
-  });
 
-  // when we try to consume some more bytes, simply unpause the
-  // underlying stream.
-  self._read = function(n) {
-    debug('wrapped _read', n);
-    if (paused) {
-      paused = false;
-      stream.resume();
-    }
-  };
+function stylizeNoColor(str, styleType) {
+  return str;
+}
 
-  return self;
-};
 
+function arrayToHash(array) {
+  var hash = {};
 
+  array.forEach(function(val, idx) {
+    hash[val] = true;
+  });
 
-// exposed for testing purposes only.
-Readable._fromList = fromList;
+  return hash;
+}
 
-// Pluck off n bytes from an array of buffers.
-// Length is the combined lengths of all the buffers in the list.
-function fromList(n, state) {
-  var list = state.buffer;
-  var length = state.length;
-  var stringMode = !!state.decoder;
-  var objectMode = !!state.objectMode;
-  var ret;
 
-  // nothing in the list, definitely empty.
-  if (list.length === 0)
-    return null;
+function formatValue(ctx, value, recurseTimes) {
+  // Provide a hook for user-specified inspect functions.
+  // Check that value is an object with an inspect function on it
+  if (ctx.customInspect &&
+      value &&
+      isFunction(value.inspect) &&
+      // Filter out the util module, it's inspect function is special
+      value.inspect !== exports.inspect &&
+      // Also filter out any prototype objects using the circular check.
+      !(value.constructor && value.constructor.prototype === value)) {
+    var ret = value.inspect(recurseTimes, ctx);
+    if (!isString(ret)) {
+      ret = formatValue(ctx, ret, recurseTimes);
+    }
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-  if (length === 0)
-    ret = null;
-  else if (objectMode)
-    ret = list.shift();
-  else if (!n || n >= length) {
-    // read it all, truncate the array.
-    if (stringMode)
-      ret = list.join('');
-    else
-      ret = Buffer.concat(list, length);
-    list.length = 0;
-  } else {
-    // read just some of it.
-    if (n < list[0].length) {
-      // just take a part of the first list item.
-      // slice is the same for buffers and strings.
-      var buf = list[0];
-      ret = buf.slice(0, n);
-      list[0] = buf.slice(n);
-    } else if (n === list[0].length) {
-      // first list is a perfect match
-      ret = list.shift();
-    } else {
-      // complex case.
-      // we have enough to cover it, but it spans past the first buffer.
-      if (stringMode)
-        ret = '';
-      else
-        ret = new Buffer(n);
+  // Primitive types cannot have properties
+  var primitive = formatPrimitive(ctx, value);
+  if (primitive) {
+    return primitive;
+  }
 
-      var c = 0;
-      for (var i = 0, l = list.length; i < l && c < n; i++) {
-        var buf = list[0];
-        var cpy = Math.min(n - c, buf.length);
+  // Look up the keys of the object.
+  var keys = Object.keys(value);
+  var visibleKeys = arrayToHash(keys);
 
-        if (stringMode)
-          ret += buf.slice(0, cpy);
-        else
-          buf.copy(ret, c, 0, cpy);
+  if (ctx.showHidden) {
+    keys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(value);
+  }
 
-        if (cpy < buf.length)
-          list[0] = buf.slice(cpy);
-        else
-          list.shift();
+  // IE doesn't make error fields non-enumerable
+  // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/dww52sbt(v=vs.94).aspx
+  if (isError(value)
+      && (keys.indexOf('message') >= 0 || keys.indexOf('description') >= 0)) {
+    return formatError(value);
+  }
 
-        c += cpy;
-      }
+  // Some type of object without properties can be shortcutted.
+  if (keys.length === 0) {
+    if (isFunction(value)) {
+      var name = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
+      return ctx.stylize('[Function' + name + ']', 'special');
+    }
+    if (isRegExp(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+    }
+    if (isDate(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(Date.prototype.toString.call(value), 'date');
+    }
+    if (isError(value)) {
+      return formatError(value);
     }
   }
 
-  return ret;
-}
+  var base = '', array = false, braces = ['{', '}'];
 
-function endReadable(stream) {
-  var state = stream._readableState;
+  // Make Array say that they are Array
+  if (isArray(value)) {
+    array = true;
+    braces = ['[', ']'];
+  }
 
-  // If we get here before consuming all the bytes, then that is a
-  // bug in node.  Should never happen.
-  if (state.length > 0)
-    throw new Error('endReadable called on non-empty stream');
+  // Make functions say that they are functions
+  if (isFunction(value)) {
+    var n = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
+    base = ' [Function' + n + ']';
+  }
 
-  if (!state.endEmitted) {
-    state.ended = true;
-    process.nextTick(function() {
-      // Check that we didn't get one last unshift.
-      if (!state.endEmitted && state.length === 0) {
-        state.endEmitted = true;
-        stream.readable = false;
-        stream.emit('end');
-      }
-    });
+  // Make RegExps say that they are RegExps
+  if (isRegExp(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value);
   }
-}
 
-function forEach (xs, f) {
-  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
-    f(xs[i], i);
+  // Make dates with properties first say the date
+  if (isDate(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value);
   }
-}
 
-function indexOf (xs, x) {
-  for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
-    if (xs[i] === x) return i;
+  // Make error with message first say the error
+  if (isError(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + formatError(value);
   }
-  return -1;
-}
 
-}).call(this,require('_process'))
-},{"./_stream_duplex":16,"_process":14,"buffer":7,"core-util-is":21,"events":11,"inherits":12,"isarray":13,"stream":26,"string_decoder/":27,"util":6}],19:[function(require,module,exports){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+  if (keys.length === 0 && (!array || value.length == 0)) {
+    return braces[0] + base + braces[1];
+  }
 
+  if (recurseTimes < 0) {
+    if (isRegExp(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+    } else {
+      return ctx.stylize('[Object]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
 
-// a transform stream is a readable/writable stream where you do
-// something with the data.  Sometimes it's called a "filter",
-// but that's not a great name for it, since that implies a thing where
-// some bits pass through, and others are simply ignored.  (That would
-// be a valid example of a transform, of course.)
-//
-// While the output is causally related to the input, it's not a
-// necessarily symmetric or synchronous transformation.  For example,
-// a zlib stream might take multiple plain-text writes(), and then
-// emit a single compressed chunk some time in the future.
-//
-// Here's how this works:
-//
-// The Transform stream has all the aspects of the readable and writable
-// stream classes.  When you write(chunk), that calls _write(chunk,cb)
-// internally, and returns false if there's a lot of pending writes
-// buffered up.  When you call read(), that calls _read(n) until
-// there's enough pending readable data buffered up.
-//
-// In a transform stream, the written data is placed in a buffer.  When
-// _read(n) is called, it transforms the queued up data, calling the
-// buffered _write cb's as it consumes chunks.  If consuming a single
-// written chunk would result in multiple output chunks, then the first
-// outputted bit calls the readcb, and subsequent chunks just go into
-// the read buffer, and will cause it to emit 'readable' if necessary.
-//
-// This way, back-pressure is actually determined by the reading side,
-// since _read has to be called to start processing a new chunk.  However,
-// a pathological inflate type of transform can cause excessive buffering
-// here.  For example, imagine a stream where every byte of input is
-// interpreted as an integer from 0-255, and then results in that many
-// bytes of output.  Writing the 4 bytes {ff,ff,ff,ff} would result in
-// 1kb of data being output.  In this case, you could write a very small
-// amount of input, and end up with a very large amount of output.  In
-// such a pathological inflating mechanism, there'd be no way to tell
-// the system to stop doing the transform.  A single 4MB write could
-// cause the system to run out of memory.
-//
-// However, even in such a pathological case, only a single written chunk
-// would be consumed, and then the rest would wait (un-transformed) until
-// the results of the previous transformed chunk were consumed.
+  ctx.seen.push(value);
 
-module.exports = Transform;
+  var output;
+  if (array) {
+    output = formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys);
+  } else {
+    output = keys.map(function(key) {
+      return formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array);
+    });
+  }
 
-var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+  ctx.seen.pop();
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var util = require('core-util-is');
-util.inherits = require('inherits');
-/*</replacement>*/
+  return reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces);
+}
 
-util.inherits(Transform, Duplex);
+
+function formatPrimitive(ctx, value) {
+  if (isUndefined(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('undefined', 'undefined');
+  if (isString(value)) {
+    var simple = '\'' + JSON.stringify(value).replace(/^"|"$/g, '')
+                                             .replace(/'/g, "\\'")
+                                             .replace(/\\"/g, '"') + '\'';
+    return ctx.stylize(simple, 'string');
+  }
+  if (isNumber(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'number');
+  if (isBoolean(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'boolean');
+  // For some reason typeof null is "object", so special case here.
+  if (isNull(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('null', 'null');
+}
 
 
-function TransformState(options, stream) {
-  this.afterTransform = function(er, data) {
-    return afterTransform(stream, er, data);
-  };
+function formatError(value) {
+  return '[' + Error.prototype.toString.call(value) + ']';
+}
+
+
+function formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys) {
+  var output = [];
+  for (var i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; ++i) {
+    if (hasOwnProperty(value, String(i))) {
+      output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
+          String(i), true));
+    } else {
+      output.push('');
+    }
+  }
+  keys.forEach(function(key) {
+    if (!key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
+      output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
+          key, true));
+    }
+  });
+  return output;
+}
+
+
+function formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array) {
+  var name, str, desc;
+  desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(value, key) || { value: value[key] };
+  if (desc.get) {
+    if (desc.set) {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Getter/Setter]', 'special');
+    } else {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Getter]', 'special');
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (desc.set) {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Setter]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
+  if (!hasOwnProperty(visibleKeys, key)) {
+    name = '[' + key + ']';
+  }
+  if (!str) {
+    if (ctx.seen.indexOf(desc.value) < 0) {
+      if (isNull(recurseTimes)) {
+        str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, null);
+      } else {
+        str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, recurseTimes - 1);
+      }
+      if (str.indexOf('\n') > -1) {
+        if (array) {
+          str = str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
+            return '  ' + line;
+          }).join('\n').substr(2);
+        } else {
+          str = '\n' + str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
+            return '   ' + line;
+          }).join('\n');
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Circular]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
+  if (isUndefined(name)) {
+    if (array && key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
+      return str;
+    }
+    name = JSON.stringify('' + key);
+    if (name.match(/^"([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)"$/)) {
+      name = name.substr(1, name.length - 2);
+      name = ctx.stylize(name, 'name');
+    } else {
+      name = name.replace(/'/g, "\\'")
+                 .replace(/\\"/g, '"')
+                 .replace(/(^"|"$)/g, "'");
+      name = ctx.stylize(name, 'string');
+    }
+  }
 
-  this.needTransform = false;
-  this.transforming = false;
-  this.writecb = null;
-  this.writechunk = null;
+  return name + ': ' + str;
 }
 
-function afterTransform(stream, er, data) {
-  var ts = stream._transformState;
-  ts.transforming = false;
-
-  var cb = ts.writecb;
-
-  if (!cb)
-    return stream.emit('error', new Error('no writecb in Transform class'));
-
-  ts.writechunk = null;
-  ts.writecb = null;
-
-  if (!util.isNullOrUndefined(data))
-    stream.push(data);
 
-  if (cb)
-    cb(er);
+function reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces) {
+  var numLinesEst = 0;
+  var length = output.reduce(function(prev, cur) {
+    numLinesEst++;
+    if (cur.indexOf('\n') >= 0) numLinesEst++;
+    return prev + cur.replace(/\u001b\[\d\d?m/g, '').length + 1;
+  }, 0);
 
-  var rs = stream._readableState;
-  rs.reading = false;
-  if (rs.needReadable || rs.length < rs.highWaterMark) {
-    stream._read(rs.highWaterMark);
+  if (length > 60) {
+    return braces[0] +
+           (base === '' ? '' : base + '\n ') +
+           ' ' +
+           output.join(',\n  ') +
+           ' ' +
+           braces[1];
   }
-}
-
-
-function Transform(options) {
-  if (!(this instanceof Transform))
-    return new Transform(options);
-
-  Duplex.call(this, options);
-
-  this._transformState = new TransformState(options, this);
-
-  // when the writable side finishes, then flush out anything remaining.
-  var stream = this;
 
-  // start out asking for a readable event once data is transformed.
-  this._readableState.needReadable = true;
+  return braces[0] + base + ' ' + output.join(', ') + ' ' + braces[1];
+}
 
-  // we have implemented the _read method, and done the other things
-  // that Readable wants before the first _read call, so unset the
-  // sync guard flag.
-  this._readableState.sync = false;
 
-  this.once('prefinish', function() {
-    if (util.isFunction(this._flush))
-      this._flush(function(er) {
-        done(stream, er);
-      });
-    else
-      done(stream);
-  });
+// NOTE: These type checking functions intentionally don't use `instanceof`
+// because it is fragile and can be easily faked with `Object.create()`.
+function isArray(ar) {
+  return Array.isArray(ar);
 }
+exports.isArray = isArray;
 
-Transform.prototype.push = function(chunk, encoding) {
-  this._transformState.needTransform = false;
-  return Duplex.prototype.push.call(this, chunk, encoding);
-};
-
-// This is the part where you do stuff!
-// override this function in implementation classes.
-// 'chunk' is an input chunk.
-//
-// Call `push(newChunk)` to pass along transformed output
-// to the readable side.  You may call 'push' zero or more times.
-//
-// Call `cb(err)` when you are done with this chunk.  If you pass
-// an error, then that'll put the hurt on the whole operation.  If you
-// never call cb(), then you'll never get another chunk.
-Transform.prototype._transform = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  throw new Error('not implemented');
-};
+function isBoolean(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'boolean';
+}
+exports.isBoolean = isBoolean;
 
-Transform.prototype._write = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  var ts = this._transformState;
-  ts.writecb = cb;
-  ts.writechunk = chunk;
-  ts.writeencoding = encoding;
-  if (!ts.transforming) {
-    var rs = this._readableState;
-    if (ts.needTransform ||
-        rs.needReadable ||
-        rs.length < rs.highWaterMark)
-      this._read(rs.highWaterMark);
-  }
-};
+function isNull(arg) {
+  return arg === null;
+}
+exports.isNull = isNull;
 
-// Doesn't matter what the args are here.
-// _transform does all the work.
-// That we got here means that the readable side wants more data.
-Transform.prototype._read = function(n) {
-  var ts = this._transformState;
+function isNullOrUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg == null;
+}
+exports.isNullOrUndefined = isNullOrUndefined;
 
-  if (!util.isNull(ts.writechunk) && ts.writecb && !ts.transforming) {
-    ts.transforming = true;
-    this._transform(ts.writechunk, ts.writeencoding, ts.afterTransform);
-  } else {
-    // mark that we need a transform, so that any data that comes in
-    // will get processed, now that we've asked for it.
-    ts.needTransform = true;
-  }
-};
+function isNumber(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'number';
+}
+exports.isNumber = isNumber;
 
+function isString(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'string';
+}
+exports.isString = isString;
 
-function done(stream, er) {
-  if (er)
-    return stream.emit('error', er);
+function isSymbol(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'symbol';
+}
+exports.isSymbol = isSymbol;
 
-  // if there's nothing in the write buffer, then that means
-  // that nothing more will ever be provided
-  var ws = stream._writableState;
-  var ts = stream._transformState;
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg === void 0;
+}
+exports.isUndefined = isUndefined;
 
-  if (ws.length)
-    throw new Error('calling transform done when ws.length != 0');
+function isRegExp(re) {
+  return isObject(re) && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
+}
+exports.isRegExp = isRegExp;
 
-  if (ts.transforming)
-    throw new Error('calling transform done when still transforming');
+function isObject(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+exports.isObject = isObject;
 
-  return stream.push(null);
+function isDate(d) {
+  return isObject(d) && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
 }
+exports.isDate = isDate;
 
-},{"./_stream_duplex":16,"core-util-is":21,"inherits":12}],20:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (process){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+function isError(e) {
+  return isObject(e) &&
+      (objectToString(e) === '[object Error]' || e instanceof Error);
+}
+exports.isError = isError;
 
-// A bit simpler than readable streams.
-// Implement an async ._write(chunk, cb), and it'll handle all
-// the drain event emission and buffering.
+function isFunction(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'function';
+}
+exports.isFunction = isFunction;
 
-module.exports = Writable;
+function isPrimitive(arg) {
+  return arg === null ||
+         typeof arg === 'boolean' ||
+         typeof arg === 'number' ||
+         typeof arg === 'string' ||
+         typeof arg === 'symbol' ||  // ES6 symbol
+         typeof arg === 'undefined';
+}
+exports.isPrimitive = isPrimitive;
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
-/*</replacement>*/
+exports.isBuffer = require('./support/isBuffer');
 
-Writable.WritableState = WritableState;
+function objectToString(o) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
+}
 
 
-/*<replacement>*/
-var util = require('core-util-is');
-util.inherits = require('inherits');
-/*</replacement>*/
+function pad(n) {
+  return n < 10 ? '0' + n.toString(10) : n.toString(10);
+}
 
-var Stream = require('stream');
 
-util.inherits(Writable, Stream);
+var months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep',
+              'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'];
 
-function WriteReq(chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  this.chunk = chunk;
-  this.encoding = encoding;
-  this.callback = cb;
+// 26 Feb 16:19:34
+function timestamp() {
+  var d = new Date();
+  var time = [pad(d.getHours()),
+              pad(d.getMinutes()),
+              pad(d.getSeconds())].join(':');
+  return [d.getDate(), months[d.getMonth()], time].join(' ');
 }
 
-function WritableState(options, stream) {
-  var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
 
-  options = options || {};
+// log is just a thin wrapper to console.log that prepends a timestamp
+exports.log = function() {
+  console.log('%s - %s', timestamp(), exports.format.apply(exports, arguments));
+};
 
-  // the point at which write() starts returning false
-  // Note: 0 is a valid value, means that we always return false if
-  // the entire buffer is not flushed immediately on write()
-  var hwm = options.highWaterMark;
-  var defaultHwm = options.objectMode ? 16 : 16 * 1024;
-  this.highWaterMark = (hwm || hwm === 0) ? hwm : defaultHwm;
 
-  // object stream flag to indicate whether or not this stream
-  // contains buffers or objects.
-  this.objectMode = !!options.objectMode;
+/**
+ * Inherit the prototype methods from one constructor into another.
+ *
+ * The Function.prototype.inherits from lang.js rewritten as a standalone
+ * function (not on Function.prototype). NOTE: If this file is to be loaded
+ * during bootstrapping this function needs to be rewritten using some native
+ * functions as prototype setup using normal JavaScript does not work as
+ * expected during bootstrapping (see mirror.js in r114903).
+ *
+ * @param {function} ctor Constructor function which needs to inherit the
+ *     prototype.
+ * @param {function} superCtor Constructor function to inherit prototype from.
+ */
+exports.inherits = require('inherits');
 
-  if (stream instanceof Duplex)
-    this.objectMode = this.objectMode || !!options.writableObjectMode;
+exports._extend = function(origin, add) {
+  // Don't do anything if add isn't an object
+  if (!add || !isObject(add)) return origin;
 
-  // cast to ints.
-  this.highWaterMark = ~~this.highWaterMark;
+  var keys = Object.keys(add);
+  var i = keys.length;
+  while (i--) {
+    origin[keys[i]] = add[keys[i]];
+  }
+  return origin;
+};
 
-  this.needDrain = false;
-  // at the start of calling end()
-  this.ending = false;
-  // when end() has been called, and returned
-  this.ended = false;
-  // when 'finish' is emitted
-  this.finished = false;
+function hasOwnProperty(obj, prop) {
+  return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop);
+}
 
-  // should we decode strings into buffers before passing to _write?
-  // this is here so that some node-core streams can optimize string
-  // handling at a lower level.
-  var noDecode = options.decodeStrings === false;
-  this.decodeStrings = !noDecode;
+}).call(this,require('_process'),typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
+},{"./support/isBuffer":29,"_process":13,"inherits":28}],31:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+const createKeccakHash = require('keccak')
+const secp256k1 = require('secp256k1')
+const assert = require('assert')
+const rlp = require('rlp')
+const BN = require('bn.js')
+const createHash = require('create-hash')
+Object.assign(exports, require('ethjs-util'))
 
-  // Crypto is kind of old and crusty.  Historically, its default string
-  // encoding is 'binary' so we have to make this configurable.
-  // Everything else in the universe uses 'utf8', though.
-  this.defaultEncoding = options.defaultEncoding || 'utf8';
+/**
+ * the max integer that this VM can handle (a ```BN```)
+ * @var {BN} MAX_INTEGER
+ */
+exports.MAX_INTEGER = new BN('ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff', 16)
 
-  // not an actual buffer we keep track of, but a measurement
-  // of how much we're waiting to get pushed to some underlying
-  // socket or file.
-  this.length = 0;
+/**
+ * 2^256 (a ```BN```)
+ * @var {BN} TWO_POW256
+ */
+exports.TWO_POW256 = new BN('10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000', 16)
 
-  // a flag to see when we're in the middle of a write.
-  this.writing = false;
+/**
+ * SHA3-256 hash of null (a ```String```)
+ * @var {String} SHA3_NULL_S
+ */
+exports.SHA3_NULL_S = 'c5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470'
 
-  // when true all writes will be buffered until .uncork() call
-  this.corked = 0;
+/**
+ * SHA3-256 hash of null (a ```Buffer```)
+ * @var {Buffer} SHA3_NULL
+ */
+exports.SHA3_NULL = Buffer.from(exports.SHA3_NULL_S, 'hex')
 
-  // a flag to be able to tell if the onwrite cb is called immediately,
-  // or on a later tick.  We set this to true at first, because any
-  // actions that shouldn't happen until "later" should generally also
-  // not happen before the first write call.
-  this.sync = true;
+/**
+ * SHA3-256 of an RLP of an empty array (a ```String```)
+ * @var {String} SHA3_RLP_ARRAY_S
+ */
+exports.SHA3_RLP_ARRAY_S = '1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347'
 
-  // a flag to know if we're processing previously buffered items, which
-  // may call the _write() callback in the same tick, so that we don't
-  // end up in an overlapped onwrite situation.
-  this.bufferProcessing = false;
+/**
+ * SHA3-256 of an RLP of an empty array (a ```Buffer```)
+ * @var {Buffer} SHA3_RLP_ARRAY
+ */
+exports.SHA3_RLP_ARRAY = Buffer.from(exports.SHA3_RLP_ARRAY_S, 'hex')
 
-  // the callback that's passed to _write(chunk,cb)
-  this.onwrite = function(er) {
-    onwrite(stream, er);
-  };
+/**
+ * SHA3-256 hash of the RLP of null  (a ```String```)
+ * @var {String} SHA3_RLP_S
+ */
+exports.SHA3_RLP_S = '56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421'
 
-  // the callback that the user supplies to write(chunk,encoding,cb)
-  this.writecb = null;
+/**
+ * SHA3-256 hash of the RLP of null (a ```Buffer```)
+ * @var {Buffer} SHA3_RLP
+ */
+exports.SHA3_RLP = Buffer.from(exports.SHA3_RLP_S, 'hex')
 
-  // the amount that is being written when _write is called.
-  this.writelen = 0;
+/**
+ * [`BN`](https://github.com/indutny/bn.js)
+ * @var {Function}
+ */
+exports.BN = BN
 
-  this.buffer = [];
+/**
+ * [`rlp`](https://github.com/ethereumjs/rlp)
+ * @var {Function}
+ */
+exports.rlp = rlp
 
-  // number of pending user-supplied write callbacks
-  // this must be 0 before 'finish' can be emitted
-  this.pendingcb = 0;
+/**
+ * [`secp256k1`](https://github.com/cryptocoinjs/secp256k1-node/)
+ * @var {Object}
+ */
+exports.secp256k1 = secp256k1
 
-  // emit prefinish if the only thing we're waiting for is _write cbs
-  // This is relevant for synchronous Transform streams
-  this.prefinished = false;
+/**
+ * Returns a buffer filled with 0s
+ * @method zeros
+ * @param {Number} bytes  the number of bytes the buffer should be
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.zeros = function (bytes) {
+  return Buffer.allocUnsafe(bytes).fill(0)
+}
 
-  // True if the error was already emitted and should not be thrown again
-  this.errorEmitted = false;
+/**
+ * Left Pads an `Array` or `Buffer` with leading zeros till it has `length` bytes.
+ * Or it truncates the beginning if it exceeds.
+ * @method lsetLength
+ * @param {Buffer|Array} msg the value to pad
+ * @param {Number} length the number of bytes the output should be
+ * @param {Boolean} [right=false] whether to start padding form the left or right
+ * @return {Buffer|Array}
+ */
+exports.setLengthLeft = exports.setLength = function (msg, length, right) {
+  var buf = exports.zeros(length)
+  msg = exports.toBuffer(msg)
+  if (right) {
+    if (msg.length < length) {
+      msg.copy(buf)
+      return buf
+    }
+    return msg.slice(0, length)
+  } else {
+    if (msg.length < length) {
+      msg.copy(buf, length - msg.length)
+      return buf
+    }
+    return msg.slice(-length)
+  }
 }
 
-function Writable(options) {
-  var Duplex = require('./_stream_duplex');
+/**
+ * Right Pads an `Array` or `Buffer` with leading zeros till it has `length` bytes.
+ * Or it truncates the beginning if it exceeds.
+ * @param {Buffer|Array} msg the value to pad
+ * @param {Number} length the number of bytes the output should be
+ * @return {Buffer|Array}
+ */
+exports.setLengthRight = function (msg, length) {
+  return exports.setLength(msg, length, true)
+}
 
-  // Writable ctor is applied to Duplexes, though they're not
-  // instanceof Writable, they're instanceof Readable.
-  if (!(this instanceof Writable) && !(this instanceof Duplex))
-    return new Writable(options);
+/**
+ * Trims leading zeros from a `Buffer` or an `Array`
+ * @param {Buffer|Array|String} a
+ * @return {Buffer|Array|String}
+ */
+exports.unpad = exports.stripZeros = function (a) {
+  a = exports.stripHexPrefix(a)
+  var first = a[0]
+  while (a.length > 0 && first.toString() === '0') {
+    a = a.slice(1)
+    first = a[0]
+  }
+  return a
+}
+/**
+ * Attempts to turn a value into a `Buffer`. As input it supports `Buffer`, `String`, `Number`, null/undefined, `BN` and other objects with a `toArray()` method.
+ * @param {*} v the value
+ */
+exports.toBuffer = function (v) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(v)) {
+    if (Array.isArray(v)) {
+      v = Buffer.from(v)
+    } else if (typeof v === 'string') {
+      if (exports.isHexPrefixed(v)) {
+        v = Buffer.from(exports.padToEven(exports.stripHexPrefix(v)), 'hex')
+      } else {
+        v = Buffer.from(v)
+      }
+    } else if (typeof v === 'number') {
+      v = exports.intToBuffer(v)
+    } else if (v === null || v === undefined) {
+      v = Buffer.allocUnsafe(0)
+    } else if (v.toArray) {
+      // converts a BN to a Buffer
+      v = Buffer.from(v.toArray())
+    } else {
+      throw new Error('invalid type')
+    }
+  }
+  return v
+}
 
-  this._writableState = new WritableState(options, this);
+/**
+ * Converts a `Buffer` to a `Number`
+ * @param {Buffer} buf
+ * @return {Number}
+ * @throws If the input number exceeds 53 bits.
+ */
+exports.bufferToInt = function (buf) {
+  return new BN(exports.toBuffer(buf)).toNumber()
+}
 
-  // legacy.
-  this.writable = true;
+/**
+ * Converts a `Buffer` into a hex `String`
+ * @param {Buffer} buf
+ * @return {String}
+ */
+exports.bufferToHex = function (buf) {
+  buf = exports.toBuffer(buf)
+  return '0x' + buf.toString('hex')
+}
 
-  Stream.call(this);
+/**
+ * Interprets a `Buffer` as a signed integer and returns a `BN`. Assumes 256-bit numbers.
+ * @param {Buffer} num
+ * @return {BN}
+ */
+exports.fromSigned = function (num) {
+  return new BN(num).fromTwos(256)
 }
 
-// Otherwise people can pipe Writable streams, which is just wrong.
-Writable.prototype.pipe = function() {
-  this.emit('error', new Error('Cannot pipe. Not readable.'));
-};
+/**
+ * Converts a `BN` to an unsigned integer and returns it as a `Buffer`. Assumes 256-bit numbers.
+ * @param {BN} num
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.toUnsigned = function (num) {
+  return Buffer.from(num.toTwos(256).toArray())
+}
 
+/**
+ * Creates SHA-3 hash of the input
+ * @param {Buffer|Array|String|Number} a the input data
+ * @param {Number} [bits=256] the SHA width
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.sha3 = function (a, bits) {
+  a = exports.toBuffer(a)
+  if (!bits) bits = 256
 
-function writeAfterEnd(stream, state, cb) {
-  var er = new Error('write after end');
-  // TODO: defer error events consistently everywhere, not just the cb
-  stream.emit('error', er);
-  process.nextTick(function() {
-    cb(er);
-  });
+  return createKeccakHash('keccak' + bits).update(a).digest()
 }
 
-// If we get something that is not a buffer, string, null, or undefined,
-// and we're not in objectMode, then that's an error.
-// Otherwise stream chunks are all considered to be of length=1, and the
-// watermarks determine how many objects to keep in the buffer, rather than
-// how many bytes or characters.
-function validChunk(stream, state, chunk, cb) {
-  var valid = true;
-  if (!util.isBuffer(chunk) &&
-      !util.isString(chunk) &&
-      !util.isNullOrUndefined(chunk) &&
-      !state.objectMode) {
-    var er = new TypeError('Invalid non-string/buffer chunk');
-    stream.emit('error', er);
-    process.nextTick(function() {
-      cb(er);
-    });
-    valid = false;
+/**
+ * Creates SHA256 hash of the input
+ * @param {Buffer|Array|String|Number} a the input data
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.sha256 = function (a) {
+  a = exports.toBuffer(a)
+  return createHash('sha256').update(a).digest()
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates RIPEMD160 hash of the input
+ * @param {Buffer|Array|String|Number} a the input data
+ * @param {Boolean} padded whether it should be padded to 256 bits or not
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.ripemd160 = function (a, padded) {
+  a = exports.toBuffer(a)
+  var hash = createHash('rmd160').update(a).digest()
+  if (padded === true) {
+    return exports.setLength(hash, 32)
+  } else {
+    return hash
   }
-  return valid;
 }
 
-Writable.prototype.write = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  var state = this._writableState;
-  var ret = false;
+/**
+ * Creates SHA-3 hash of the RLP encoded version of the input
+ * @param {Buffer|Array|String|Number} a the input data
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.rlphash = function (a) {
+  return exports.sha3(rlp.encode(a))
+}
 
-  if (util.isFunction(encoding)) {
-    cb = encoding;
-    encoding = null;
+/**
+ * Checks if the private key satisfies the rules of the curve secp256k1.
+ * @param {Buffer} privateKey
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ */
+exports.isValidPrivate = function (privateKey) {
+  return secp256k1.privateKeyVerify(privateKey)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if the public key satisfies the rules of the curve secp256k1
+ * and the requirements of Ethereum.
+ * @param {Buffer} publicKey The two points of an uncompressed key, unless sanitize is enabled
+ * @param {Boolean} [sanitize=false] Accept public keys in other formats
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ */
+exports.isValidPublic = function (publicKey, sanitize) {
+  if (publicKey.length === 64) {
+    // Convert to SEC1 for secp256k1
+    return secp256k1.publicKeyVerify(Buffer.concat([ Buffer.from([4]), publicKey ]))
   }
 
-  if (util.isBuffer(chunk))
-    encoding = 'buffer';
-  else if (!encoding)
-    encoding = state.defaultEncoding;
+  if (!sanitize) {
+    return false
+  }
 
-  if (!util.isFunction(cb))
-    cb = function() {};
+  return secp256k1.publicKeyVerify(publicKey)
+}
 
-  if (state.ended)
-    writeAfterEnd(this, state, cb);
-  else if (validChunk(this, state, chunk, cb)) {
-    state.pendingcb++;
-    ret = writeOrBuffer(this, state, chunk, encoding, cb);
+/**
+ * Returns the ethereum address of a given public key.
+ * Accepts "Ethereum public keys" and SEC1 encoded keys.
+ * @param {Buffer} pubKey The two points of an uncompressed key, unless sanitize is enabled
+ * @param {Boolean} [sanitize=false] Accept public keys in other formats
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.pubToAddress = exports.publicToAddress = function (pubKey, sanitize) {
+  pubKey = exports.toBuffer(pubKey)
+  if (sanitize && (pubKey.length !== 64)) {
+    pubKey = secp256k1.publicKeyConvert(pubKey, false).slice(1)
+  }
+  assert(pubKey.length === 64)
+  // Only take the lower 160bits of the hash
+  return exports.sha3(pubKey).slice(-20)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the ethereum public key of a given private key
+ * @param {Buffer} privateKey A private key must be 256 bits wide
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+var privateToPublic = exports.privateToPublic = function (privateKey) {
+  privateKey = exports.toBuffer(privateKey)
+  // skip the type flag and use the X, Y points
+  return secp256k1.publicKeyCreate(privateKey, false).slice(1)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Converts a public key to the Ethereum format.
+ * @param {Buffer} publicKey
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.importPublic = function (publicKey) {
+  publicKey = exports.toBuffer(publicKey)
+  if (publicKey.length !== 64) {
+    publicKey = secp256k1.publicKeyConvert(publicKey, false).slice(1)
   }
+  return publicKey
+}
 
-  return ret;
-};
+/**
+ * ECDSA sign
+ * @param {Buffer} msgHash
+ * @param {Buffer} privateKey
+ * @return {Object}
+ */
+exports.ecsign = function (msgHash, privateKey) {
+  var sig = secp256k1.sign(msgHash, privateKey)
 
-Writable.prototype.cork = function() {
-  var state = this._writableState;
+  var ret = {}
+  ret.r = sig.signature.slice(0, 32)
+  ret.s = sig.signature.slice(32, 64)
+  ret.v = sig.recovery + 27
+  return ret
+}
 
-  state.corked++;
-};
+/**
+ * Returns the keccak-256 hash of `message`, prefixed with the header used by the `eth_sign` RPC call.
+ * The output of this function can be fed into `ecsign` to produce the same signature as the `eth_sign`
+ * call for a given `message`, or fed to `ecrecover` along with a signature to recover the public key
+ * used to produce the signature.
+ * @param message
+ * @returns {Buffer} hash
+ */
+exports.hashPersonalMessage = function (message) {
+  var prefix = exports.toBuffer('\u0019Ethereum Signed Message:\n' + message.length.toString())
+  return exports.sha3(Buffer.concat([prefix, message]))
+}
 
-Writable.prototype.uncork = function() {
-  var state = this._writableState;
+/**
+ * ECDSA public key recovery from signature
+ * @param {Buffer} msgHash
+ * @param {Number} v
+ * @param {Buffer} r
+ * @param {Buffer} s
+ * @return {Buffer} publicKey
+ */
+exports.ecrecover = function (msgHash, v, r, s) {
+  var signature = Buffer.concat([exports.setLength(r, 32), exports.setLength(s, 32)], 64)
+  var recovery = v - 27
+  if (recovery !== 0 && recovery !== 1) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid signature v value')
+  }
+  var senderPubKey = secp256k1.recover(msgHash, signature, recovery)
+  return secp256k1.publicKeyConvert(senderPubKey, false).slice(1)
+}
 
-  if (state.corked) {
-    state.corked--;
+/**
+ * Convert signature parameters into the format of `eth_sign` RPC method
+ * @param {Number} v
+ * @param {Buffer} r
+ * @param {Buffer} s
+ * @return {String} sig
+ */
+exports.toRpcSig = function (v, r, s) {
+  // NOTE: with potential introduction of chainId this might need to be updated
+  if (v !== 27 && v !== 28) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid recovery id')
+  }
+
+  // geth (and the RPC eth_sign method) uses the 65 byte format used by Bitcoin
+  // FIXME: this might change in the future - https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/2053
+  return exports.bufferToHex(Buffer.concat([
+    exports.setLengthLeft(r, 32),
+    exports.setLengthLeft(s, 32),
+    exports.toBuffer(v - 27)
+  ]))
+}
 
-    if (!state.writing &&
-        !state.corked &&
-        !state.finished &&
-        !state.bufferProcessing &&
-        state.buffer.length)
-      clearBuffer(this, state);
+/**
+ * Convert signature format of the `eth_sign` RPC method to signature parameters
+ * NOTE: all because of a bug in geth: https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/2053
+ * @param {String} sig
+ * @return {Object}
+ */
+exports.fromRpcSig = function (sig) {
+  sig = exports.toBuffer(sig)
+
+  // NOTE: with potential introduction of chainId this might need to be updated
+  if (sig.length !== 65) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid signature length')
   }
-};
 
-function decodeChunk(state, chunk, encoding) {
-  if (!state.objectMode &&
-      state.decodeStrings !== false &&
-      util.isString(chunk)) {
-    chunk = new Buffer(chunk, encoding);
+  var v = sig[64]
+  // support both versions of `eth_sign` responses
+  if (v < 27) {
+    v += 27
   }
-  return chunk;
-}
 
-// if we're already writing something, then just put this
-// in the queue, and wait our turn.  Otherwise, call _write
-// If we return false, then we need a drain event, so set that flag.
-function writeOrBuffer(stream, state, chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  chunk = decodeChunk(state, chunk, encoding);
-  if (util.isBuffer(chunk))
-    encoding = 'buffer';
-  var len = state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
+  return {
+    v: v,
+    r: sig.slice(0, 32),
+    s: sig.slice(32, 64)
+  }
+}
 
-  state.length += len;
+/**
+ * Returns the ethereum address of a given private key
+ * @param {Buffer} privateKey A private key must be 256 bits wide
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.privateToAddress = function (privateKey) {
+  return exports.publicToAddress(privateToPublic(privateKey))
+}
 
-  var ret = state.length < state.highWaterMark;
-  // we must ensure that previous needDrain will not be reset to false.
-  if (!ret)
-    state.needDrain = true;
+/**
+ * Checks if the address is a valid. Accepts checksummed addresses too
+ * @param {String} address
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ */
+exports.isValidAddress = function (address) {
+  return /^0x[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/i.test(address)
+}
 
-  if (state.writing || state.corked)
-    state.buffer.push(new WriteReq(chunk, encoding, cb));
-  else
-    doWrite(stream, state, false, len, chunk, encoding, cb);
+/**
+ * Returns a checksummed address
+ * @param {String} address
+ * @return {String}
+ */
+exports.toChecksumAddress = function (address) {
+  address = exports.stripHexPrefix(address).toLowerCase()
+  var hash = exports.sha3(address).toString('hex')
+  var ret = '0x'
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < address.length; i++) {
+    if (parseInt(hash[i], 16) >= 8) {
+      ret += address[i].toUpperCase()
+    } else {
+      ret += address[i]
+    }
+  }
 
-  return ret;
+  return ret
 }
 
-function doWrite(stream, state, writev, len, chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  state.writelen = len;
-  state.writecb = cb;
-  state.writing = true;
-  state.sync = true;
-  if (writev)
-    stream._writev(chunk, state.onwrite);
-  else
-    stream._write(chunk, encoding, state.onwrite);
-  state.sync = false;
+/**
+ * Checks if the address is a valid checksummed address
+ * @param {Buffer} address
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ */
+exports.isValidChecksumAddress = function (address) {
+  return exports.isValidAddress(address) && (exports.toChecksumAddress(address) === address)
 }
 
-function onwriteError(stream, state, sync, er, cb) {
-  if (sync)
-    process.nextTick(function() {
-      state.pendingcb--;
-      cb(er);
-    });
-  else {
-    state.pendingcb--;
-    cb(er);
+/**
+ * Generates an address of a newly created contract
+ * @param {Buffer} from the address which is creating this new address
+ * @param {Buffer} nonce the nonce of the from account
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+exports.generateAddress = function (from, nonce) {
+  from = exports.toBuffer(from)
+  nonce = new BN(nonce)
+
+  if (nonce.isZero()) {
+    // in RLP we want to encode null in the case of zero nonce
+    // read the RLP documentation for an answer if you dare
+    nonce = null
+  } else {
+    nonce = Buffer.from(nonce.toArray())
   }
 
-  stream._writableState.errorEmitted = true;
-  stream.emit('error', er);
+  // Only take the lower 160bits of the hash
+  return exports.rlphash([from, nonce]).slice(-20)
 }
 
-function onwriteStateUpdate(state) {
-  state.writing = false;
-  state.writecb = null;
-  state.length -= state.writelen;
-  state.writelen = 0;
+/**
+ * Returns true if the supplied address belongs to a precompiled account
+ * @param {Buffer|String} address
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ */
+exports.isPrecompiled = function (address) {
+  var a = exports.unpad(address)
+  return a.length === 1 && a[0] > 0 && a[0] < 5
 }
 
-function onwrite(stream, er) {
-  var state = stream._writableState;
-  var sync = state.sync;
-  var cb = state.writecb;
+/**
+ * Adds "0x" to a given `String` if it does not already start with "0x"
+ * @param {String} str
+ * @return {String}
+ */
+exports.addHexPrefix = function (str) {
+  if (typeof str !== 'string') {
+    return str
+  }
 
-  onwriteStateUpdate(state);
+  return exports.isHexPrefixed(str) ? str : '0x' + str
+}
 
-  if (er)
-    onwriteError(stream, state, sync, er, cb);
-  else {
-    // Check if we're actually ready to finish, but don't emit yet
-    var finished = needFinish(stream, state);
+/**
+ * Validate ECDSA signature
+ * @method isValidSignature
+ * @param {Buffer} v
+ * @param {Buffer} r
+ * @param {Buffer} s
+ * @param {Boolean} [homestead=true]
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ */
 
-    if (!finished &&
-        !state.corked &&
-        !state.bufferProcessing &&
-        state.buffer.length) {
-      clearBuffer(stream, state);
-    }
+exports.isValidSignature = function (v, r, s, homestead) {
+  const SECP256K1_N_DIV_2 = new BN('7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff5d576e7357a4501ddfe92f46681b20a0', 16)
+  const SECP256K1_N = new BN('fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffebaaedce6af48a03bbfd25e8cd0364141', 16)
 
-    if (sync) {
-      process.nextTick(function() {
-        afterWrite(stream, state, finished, cb);
-      });
-    } else {
-      afterWrite(stream, state, finished, cb);
-    }
+  if (r.length !== 32 || s.length !== 32) {
+    return false
   }
-}
 
-function afterWrite(stream, state, finished, cb) {
-  if (!finished)
-    onwriteDrain(stream, state);
-  state.pendingcb--;
-  cb();
-  finishMaybe(stream, state);
+  if (v !== 27 && v !== 28) {
+    return false
+  }
+
+  r = new BN(r)
+  s = new BN(s)
+
+  if (r.isZero() || r.gt(SECP256K1_N) || s.isZero() || s.gt(SECP256K1_N)) {
+    return false
+  }
+
+  if ((homestead === false) && (new BN(s).cmp(SECP256K1_N_DIV_2) === 1)) {
+    return false
+  }
+
+  return true
 }
 
-// Must force callback to be called on nextTick, so that we don't
-// emit 'drain' before the write() consumer gets the 'false' return
-// value, and has a chance to attach a 'drain' listener.
-function onwriteDrain(stream, state) {
-  if (state.length === 0 && state.needDrain) {
-    state.needDrain = false;
-    stream.emit('drain');
+/**
+ * Converts a `Buffer` or `Array` to JSON
+ * @param {Buffer|Array} ba
+ * @return {Array|String|null}
+ */
+exports.baToJSON = function (ba) {
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(ba)) {
+    return '0x' + ba.toString('hex')
+  } else if (ba instanceof Array) {
+    var array = []
+    for (var i = 0; i < ba.length; i++) {
+      array.push(exports.baToJSON(ba[i]))
+    }
+    return array
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Defines properties on a `Object`. It make the assumption that underlying data is binary.
+ * @param {Object} self the `Object` to define properties on
+ * @param {Array} fields an array fields to define. Fields can contain:
+ * * `name` - the name of the properties
+ * * `length` - the number of bytes the field can have
+ * * `allowLess` - if the field can be less than the length
+ * * `allowEmpty`
+ * @param {*} data data to be validated against the definitions
+ */
+exports.defineProperties = function (self, fields, data) {
+  self.raw = []
+  self._fields = []
+
+  // attach the `toJSON`
+  self.toJSON = function (label) {
+    if (label) {
+      var obj = {}
+      self._fields.forEach(function (field) {
+        obj[field] = '0x' + self[field].toString('hex')
+      })
+      return obj
+    }
+    return exports.baToJSON(this.raw)
+  }
 
-// if there's something in the buffer waiting, then process it
-function clearBuffer(stream, state) {
-  state.bufferProcessing = true;
+  self.serialize = function serialize () {
+    return rlp.encode(self.raw)
+  }
 
-  if (stream._writev && state.buffer.length > 1) {
-    // Fast case, write everything using _writev()
-    var cbs = [];
-    for (var c = 0; c < state.buffer.length; c++)
-      cbs.push(state.buffer[c].callback);
+  fields.forEach(function (field, i) {
+    self._fields.push(field.name)
+    function getter () {
+      return self.raw[i]
+    }
+    function setter (v) {
+      v = exports.toBuffer(v)
 
-    // count the one we are adding, as well.
-    // TODO(isaacs) clean this up
-    state.pendingcb++;
-    doWrite(stream, state, true, state.length, state.buffer, '', function(err) {
-      for (var i = 0; i < cbs.length; i++) {
-        state.pendingcb--;
-        cbs[i](err);
+      if (v.toString('hex') === '00' && !field.allowZero) {
+        v = Buffer.allocUnsafe(0)
       }
-    });
-
-    // Clear buffer
-    state.buffer = [];
-  } else {
-    // Slow case, write chunks one-by-one
-    for (var c = 0; c < state.buffer.length; c++) {
-      var entry = state.buffer[c];
-      var chunk = entry.chunk;
-      var encoding = entry.encoding;
-      var cb = entry.callback;
-      var len = state.objectMode ? 1 : chunk.length;
-
-      doWrite(stream, state, false, len, chunk, encoding, cb);
 
-      // if we didn't call the onwrite immediately, then
-      // it means that we need to wait until it does.
-      // also, that means that the chunk and cb are currently
-      // being processed, so move the buffer counter past them.
-      if (state.writing) {
-        c++;
-        break;
+      if (field.allowLess && field.length) {
+        v = exports.stripZeros(v)
+        assert(field.length >= v.length, 'The field ' + field.name + ' must not have more ' + field.length + ' bytes')
+      } else if (!(field.allowZero && v.length === 0) && field.length) {
+        assert(field.length === v.length, 'The field ' + field.name + ' must have byte length of ' + field.length)
       }
+
+      self.raw[i] = v
     }
 
-    if (c < state.buffer.length)
-      state.buffer = state.buffer.slice(c);
-    else
-      state.buffer.length = 0;
-  }
+    Object.defineProperty(self, field.name, {
+      enumerable: true,
+      configurable: true,
+      get: getter,
+      set: setter
+    })
 
-  state.bufferProcessing = false;
-}
+    if (field.default) {
+      self[field.name] = field.default
+    }
 
-Writable.prototype._write = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  cb(new Error('not implemented'));
+    // attach alias
+    if (field.alias) {
+      Object.defineProperty(self, field.alias, {
+        enumerable: false,
+        configurable: true,
+        set: setter,
+        get: getter
+      })
+    }
+  })
 
-};
+  // if the constuctor is passed data
+  if (data) {
+    if (typeof data === 'string') {
+      data = Buffer.from(exports.stripHexPrefix(data), 'hex')
+    }
 
-Writable.prototype._writev = null;
+    if (Buffer.isBuffer(data)) {
+      data = rlp.decode(data)
+    }
 
-Writable.prototype.end = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
-  var state = this._writableState;
+    if (Array.isArray(data)) {
+      if (data.length > self._fields.length) {
+        throw (new Error('wrong number of fields in data'))
+      }
 
-  if (util.isFunction(chunk)) {
-    cb = chunk;
-    chunk = null;
-    encoding = null;
-  } else if (util.isFunction(encoding)) {
-    cb = encoding;
-    encoding = null;
+      // make sure all the items are buffers
+      data.forEach(function (d, i) {
+        self[self._fields[i]] = exports.toBuffer(d)
+      })
+    } else if (typeof data === 'object') {
+      const keys = Object.keys(data)
+      fields.forEach(function (field) {
+        if (keys.indexOf(field.name) !== -1) self[field.name] = data[field.name]
+        if (keys.indexOf(field.alias) !== -1) self[field.alias] = data[field.alias]
+      })
+    } else {
+      throw new Error('invalid data')
+    }
   }
+}
 
-  if (!util.isNullOrUndefined(chunk))
-    this.write(chunk, encoding);
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"assert":1,"bn.js":33,"buffer":5,"create-hash":36,"ethjs-util":56,"keccak":65,"rlp":72,"secp256k1":73}],32:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+// Reference https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0066.mediawiki
+// Format: 0x30 [total-length] 0x02 [R-length] [R] 0x02 [S-length] [S]
+// NOTE: SIGHASH byte ignored AND restricted, truncate before use
+
+function check (buffer) {
+  if (buffer.length < 8) return false
+  if (buffer.length > 72) return false
+  if (buffer[0] !== 0x30) return false
+  if (buffer[1] !== buffer.length - 2) return false
+  if (buffer[2] !== 0x02) return false
+
+  var lenR = buffer[3]
+  if (lenR === 0) return false
+  if (5 + lenR >= buffer.length) return false
+  if (buffer[4 + lenR] !== 0x02) return false
+
+  var lenS = buffer[5 + lenR]
+  if (lenS === 0) return false
+  if ((6 + lenR + lenS) !== buffer.length) return false
+
+  if (buffer[4] & 0x80) return false
+  if (lenR > 1 && (buffer[4] === 0x00) && !(buffer[5] & 0x80)) return false
+
+  if (buffer[lenR + 6] & 0x80) return false
+  if (lenS > 1 && (buffer[lenR + 6] === 0x00) && !(buffer[lenR + 7] & 0x80)) return false
+  return true
+}
 
-  // .end() fully uncorks
-  if (state.corked) {
-    state.corked = 1;
-    this.uncork();
-  }
+function decode (buffer) {
+  if (buffer.length < 8) throw new Error('DER sequence length is too short')
+  if (buffer.length > 72) throw new Error('DER sequence length is too long')
+  if (buffer[0] !== 0x30) throw new Error('Expected DER sequence')
+  if (buffer[1] !== buffer.length - 2) throw new Error('DER sequence length is invalid')
+  if (buffer[2] !== 0x02) throw new Error('Expected DER integer')
 
-  // ignore unnecessary end() calls.
-  if (!state.ending && !state.finished)
-    endWritable(this, state, cb);
-};
+  var lenR = buffer[3]
+  if (lenR === 0) throw new Error('R length is zero')
+  if (5 + lenR >= buffer.length) throw new Error('R length is too long')
+  if (buffer[4 + lenR] !== 0x02) throw new Error('Expected DER integer (2)')
 
+  var lenS = buffer[5 + lenR]
+  if (lenS === 0) throw new Error('S length is zero')
+  if ((6 + lenR + lenS) !== buffer.length) throw new Error('S length is invalid')
 
-function needFinish(stream, state) {
-  return (state.ending &&
-          state.length === 0 &&
-          !state.finished &&
-          !state.writing);
-}
+  if (buffer[4] & 0x80) throw new Error('R value is negative')
+  if (lenR > 1 && (buffer[4] === 0x00) && !(buffer[5] & 0x80)) throw new Error('R value excessively padded')
 
-function prefinish(stream, state) {
-  if (!state.prefinished) {
-    state.prefinished = true;
-    stream.emit('prefinish');
+  if (buffer[lenR + 6] & 0x80) throw new Error('S value is negative')
+  if (lenS > 1 && (buffer[lenR + 6] === 0x00) && !(buffer[lenR + 7] & 0x80)) throw new Error('S value excessively padded')
+
+  // non-BIP66 - extract R, S values
+  return {
+    r: buffer.slice(4, 4 + lenR),
+    s: buffer.slice(6 + lenR)
   }
 }
 
-function finishMaybe(stream, state) {
-  var need = needFinish(stream, state);
-  if (need) {
-    if (state.pendingcb === 0) {
-      prefinish(stream, state);
-      state.finished = true;
-      stream.emit('finish');
-    } else
-      prefinish(stream, state);
-  }
-  return need;
+/*
+ * Expects r and s to be positive DER integers.
+ *
+ * The DER format uses the most significant bit as a sign bit (& 0x80).
+ * If the significant bit is set AND the integer is positive, a 0x00 is prepended.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *      0 =>     0x00
+ *      1 =>     0x01
+ *     -1 =>     0xff
+ *    127 =>     0x7f
+ *   -127 =>     0x81
+ *    128 =>   0x0080
+ *   -128 =>     0x80
+ *    255 =>   0x00ff
+ *   -255 =>   0xff01
+ *  16300 =>   0x3fac
+ * -16300 =>   0xc054
+ *  62300 => 0x00f35c
+ * -62300 => 0xff0ca4
+*/
+function encode (r, s) {
+  var lenR = r.length
+  var lenS = s.length
+  if (lenR === 0) throw new Error('R length is zero')
+  if (lenS === 0) throw new Error('S length is zero')
+  if (lenR > 33) throw new Error('R length is too long')
+  if (lenS > 33) throw new Error('S length is too long')
+  if (r[0] & 0x80) throw new Error('R value is negative')
+  if (s[0] & 0x80) throw new Error('S value is negative')
+  if (lenR > 1 && (r[0] === 0x00) && !(r[1] & 0x80)) throw new Error('R value excessively padded')
+  if (lenS > 1 && (s[0] === 0x00) && !(s[1] & 0x80)) throw new Error('S value excessively padded')
+
+  var signature = new Buffer(6 + lenR + lenS)
+
+  // 0x30 [total-length] 0x02 [R-length] [R] 0x02 [S-length] [S]
+  signature[0] = 0x30
+  signature[1] = signature.length - 2
+  signature[2] = 0x02
+  signature[3] = r.length
+  r.copy(signature, 4)
+  signature[4 + lenR] = 0x02
+  signature[5 + lenR] = s.length
+  s.copy(signature, 6 + lenR)
+
+  return signature
 }
 
-function endWritable(stream, state, cb) {
-  state.ending = true;
-  finishMaybe(stream, state);
-  if (cb) {
-    if (state.finished)
-      process.nextTick(cb);
-    else
-      stream.once('finish', cb);
-  }
-  state.ended = true;
+module.exports = {
+  check: check,
+  decode: decode,
+  encode: encode
 }
 
-}).call(this,require('_process'))
-},{"./_stream_duplex":16,"_process":14,"buffer":7,"core-util-is":21,"inherits":12,"stream":26}],21:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":5}],33:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (module, exports) {
+  'use strict';
 
-// NOTE: These type checking functions intentionally don't use `instanceof`
-// because it is fragile and can be easily faked with `Object.create()`.
-function isArray(ar) {
-  return Array.isArray(ar);
-}
-exports.isArray = isArray;
+  // Utils
+  function assert (val, msg) {
+    if (!val) throw new Error(msg || 'Assertion failed');
+  }
 
-function isBoolean(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'boolean';
-}
-exports.isBoolean = isBoolean;
+  // Could use `inherits` module, but don't want to move from single file
+  // architecture yet.
+  function inherits (ctor, superCtor) {
+    ctor.super_ = superCtor;
+    var TempCtor = function () {};
+    TempCtor.prototype = superCtor.prototype;
+    ctor.prototype = new TempCtor();
+    ctor.prototype.constructor = ctor;
+  }
 
-function isNull(arg) {
-  return arg === null;
-}
-exports.isNull = isNull;
+  // BN
 
-function isNullOrUndefined(arg) {
-  return arg == null;
-}
-exports.isNullOrUndefined = isNullOrUndefined;
+  function BN (number, base, endian) {
+    if (BN.isBN(number)) {
+      return number;
+    }
 
-function isNumber(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'number';
-}
-exports.isNumber = isNumber;
+    this.negative = 0;
+    this.words = null;
+    this.length = 0;
 
-function isString(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'string';
-}
-exports.isString = isString;
+    // Reduction context
+    this.red = null;
 
-function isSymbol(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'symbol';
-}
-exports.isSymbol = isSymbol;
+    if (number !== null) {
+      if (base === 'le' || base === 'be') {
+        endian = base;
+        base = 10;
+      }
 
-function isUndefined(arg) {
-  return arg === void 0;
-}
-exports.isUndefined = isUndefined;
+      this._init(number || 0, base || 10, endian || 'be');
+    }
+  }
+  if (typeof module === 'object') {
+    module.exports = BN;
+  } else {
+    exports.BN = BN;
+  }
 
-function isRegExp(re) {
-  return isObject(re) && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
-}
-exports.isRegExp = isRegExp;
+  BN.BN = BN;
+  BN.wordSize = 26;
 
-function isObject(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
-}
-exports.isObject = isObject;
+  var Buffer;
+  try {
+    Buffer = require('buf' + 'fer').Buffer;
+  } catch (e) {
+  }
 
-function isDate(d) {
-  return isObject(d) && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
-}
-exports.isDate = isDate;
+  BN.isBN = function isBN (num) {
+    if (num instanceof BN) {
+      return true;
+    }
 
-function isError(e) {
-  return isObject(e) &&
-      (objectToString(e) === '[object Error]' || e instanceof Error);
-}
-exports.isError = isError;
+    return num !== null && typeof num === 'object' &&
+      num.constructor.wordSize === BN.wordSize && Array.isArray(num.words);
+  };
 
-function isFunction(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'function';
-}
-exports.isFunction = isFunction;
+  BN.max = function max (left, right) {
+    if (left.cmp(right) > 0) return left;
+    return right;
+  };
 
-function isPrimitive(arg) {
-  return arg === null ||
-         typeof arg === 'boolean' ||
-         typeof arg === 'number' ||
-         typeof arg === 'string' ||
-         typeof arg === 'symbol' ||  // ES6 symbol
-         typeof arg === 'undefined';
-}
-exports.isPrimitive = isPrimitive;
+  BN.min = function min (left, right) {
+    if (left.cmp(right) < 0) return left;
+    return right;
+  };
 
-function isBuffer(arg) {
-  return Buffer.isBuffer(arg);
-}
-exports.isBuffer = isBuffer;
+  BN.prototype._init = function init (number, base, endian) {
+    if (typeof number === 'number') {
+      return this._initNumber(number, base, endian);
+    }
 
-function objectToString(o) {
-  return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
-}
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"buffer":7}],22:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_passthrough.js")
+    if (typeof number === 'object') {
+      return this._initArray(number, base, endian);
+    }
 
-},{"./lib/_stream_passthrough.js":17}],23:[function(require,module,exports){
-exports = module.exports = require('./lib/_stream_readable.js');
-exports.Stream = require('stream');
-exports.Readable = exports;
-exports.Writable = require('./lib/_stream_writable.js');
-exports.Duplex = require('./lib/_stream_duplex.js');
-exports.Transform = require('./lib/_stream_transform.js');
-exports.PassThrough = require('./lib/_stream_passthrough.js');
+    if (base === 'hex') {
+      base = 16;
+    }
+    assert(base === (base | 0) && base >= 2 && base <= 36);
 
-},{"./lib/_stream_duplex.js":16,"./lib/_stream_passthrough.js":17,"./lib/_stream_readable.js":18,"./lib/_stream_transform.js":19,"./lib/_stream_writable.js":20,"stream":26}],24:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_transform.js")
+    number = number.toString().replace(/\s+/g, '');
+    var start = 0;
+    if (number[0] === '-') {
+      start++;
+    }
 
-},{"./lib/_stream_transform.js":19}],25:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports = require("./lib/_stream_writable.js")
+    if (base === 16) {
+      this._parseHex(number, start);
+    } else {
+      this._parseBase(number, base, start);
+    }
 
-},{"./lib/_stream_writable.js":20}],26:[function(require,module,exports){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+    if (number[0] === '-') {
+      this.negative = 1;
+    }
 
-module.exports = Stream;
+    this.strip();
 
-var EE = require('events').EventEmitter;
-var inherits = require('inherits');
+    if (endian !== 'le') return;
 
-inherits(Stream, EE);
-Stream.Readable = require('readable-stream/readable.js');
-Stream.Writable = require('readable-stream/writable.js');
-Stream.Duplex = require('readable-stream/duplex.js');
-Stream.Transform = require('readable-stream/transform.js');
-Stream.PassThrough = require('readable-stream/passthrough.js');
+    this._initArray(this.toArray(), base, endian);
+  };
 
-// Backwards-compat with node 0.4.x
-Stream.Stream = Stream;
+  BN.prototype._initNumber = function _initNumber (number, base, endian) {
+    if (number < 0) {
+      this.negative = 1;
+      number = -number;
+    }
+    if (number < 0x4000000) {
+      this.words = [ number & 0x3ffffff ];
+      this.length = 1;
+    } else if (number < 0x10000000000000) {
+      this.words = [
+        number & 0x3ffffff,
+        (number / 0x4000000) & 0x3ffffff
+      ];
+      this.length = 2;
+    } else {
+      assert(number < 0x20000000000000); // 2 ^ 53 (unsafe)
+      this.words = [
+        number & 0x3ffffff,
+        (number / 0x4000000) & 0x3ffffff,
+        1
+      ];
+      this.length = 3;
+    }
 
+    if (endian !== 'le') return;
 
+    // Reverse the bytes
+    this._initArray(this.toArray(), base, endian);
+  };
 
-// old-style streams.  Note that the pipe method (the only relevant
-// part of this class) is overridden in the Readable class.
+  BN.prototype._initArray = function _initArray (number, base, endian) {
+    // Perhaps a Uint8Array
+    assert(typeof number.length === 'number');
+    if (number.length <= 0) {
+      this.words = [ 0 ];
+      this.length = 1;
+      return this;
+    }
 
-function Stream() {
-  EE.call(this);
-}
+    this.length = Math.ceil(number.length / 3);
+    this.words = new Array(this.length);
+    for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+      this.words[i] = 0;
+    }
 
-Stream.prototype.pipe = function(dest, options) {
-  var source = this;
+    var j, w;
+    var off = 0;
+    if (endian === 'be') {
+      for (i = number.length - 1, j = 0; i >= 0; i -= 3) {
+        w = number[i] | (number[i - 1] << 8) | (number[i - 2] << 16);
+        this.words[j] |= (w << off) & 0x3ffffff;
+        this.words[j + 1] = (w >>> (26 - off)) & 0x3ffffff;
+        off += 24;
+        if (off >= 26) {
+          off -= 26;
+          j++;
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (endian === 'le') {
+      for (i = 0, j = 0; i < number.length; i += 3) {
+        w = number[i] | (number[i + 1] << 8) | (number[i + 2] << 16);
+        this.words[j] |= (w << off) & 0x3ffffff;
+        this.words[j + 1] = (w >>> (26 - off)) & 0x3ffffff;
+        off += 24;
+        if (off >= 26) {
+          off -= 26;
+          j++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-  function ondata(chunk) {
-    if (dest.writable) {
-      if (false === dest.write(chunk) && source.pause) {
-        source.pause();
+  function parseHex (str, start, end) {
+    var r = 0;
+    var len = Math.min(str.length, end);
+    for (var i = start; i < len; i++) {
+      var c = str.charCodeAt(i) - 48;
+
+      r <<= 4;
+
+      // 'a' - 'f'
+      if (c >= 49 && c <= 54) {
+        r |= c - 49 + 0xa;
+
+      // 'A' - 'F'
+      } else if (c >= 17 && c <= 22) {
+        r |= c - 17 + 0xa;
+
+      // '0' - '9'
+      } else {
+        r |= c & 0xf;
+      }
+    }
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  BN.prototype._parseHex = function _parseHex (number, start) {
+    // Create possibly bigger array to ensure that it fits the number
+    this.length = Math.ceil((number.length - start) / 6);
+    this.words = new Array(this.length);
+    for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+      this.words[i] = 0;
+    }
+
+    var j, w;
+    // Scan 24-bit chunks and add them to the number
+    var off = 0;
+    for (i = number.length - 6, j = 0; i >= start; i -= 6) {
+      w = parseHex(number, i, i + 6);
+      this.words[j] |= (w << off) & 0x3ffffff;
+      // NOTE: `0x3fffff` is intentional here, 26bits max shift + 24bit hex limb
+      this.words[j + 1] |= w >>> (26 - off) & 0x3fffff;
+      off += 24;
+      if (off >= 26) {
+        off -= 26;
+        j++;
       }
     }
-  }
-
-  source.on('data', ondata);
-
-  function ondrain() {
-    if (source.readable && source.resume) {
-      source.resume();
+    if (i + 6 !== start) {
+      w = parseHex(number, start, i + 6);
+      this.words[j] |= (w << off) & 0x3ffffff;
+      this.words[j + 1] |= w >>> (26 - off) & 0x3fffff;
     }
-  }
-
-  dest.on('drain', ondrain);
-
-  // If the 'end' option is not supplied, dest.end() will be called when
-  // source gets the 'end' or 'close' events.  Only dest.end() once.
-  if (!dest._isStdio && (!options || options.end !== false)) {
-    source.on('end', onend);
-    source.on('close', onclose);
-  }
+    this.strip();
+  };
 
-  var didOnEnd = false;
-  function onend() {
-    if (didOnEnd) return;
-    didOnEnd = true;
+  function parseBase (str, start, end, mul) {
+    var r = 0;
+    var len = Math.min(str.length, end);
+    for (var i = start; i < len; i++) {
+      var c = str.charCodeAt(i) - 48;
 
-    dest.end();
-  }
+      r *= mul;
 
+      // 'a'
+      if (c >= 49) {
+        r += c - 49 + 0xa;
 
-  function onclose() {
-    if (didOnEnd) return;
-    didOnEnd = true;
+      // 'A'
+      } else if (c >= 17) {
+        r += c - 17 + 0xa;
 
-    if (typeof dest.destroy === 'function') dest.destroy();
+      // '0' - '9'
+      } else {
+        r += c;
+      }
+    }
+    return r;
   }
 
-  // don't leave dangling pipes when there are errors.
-  function onerror(er) {
-    cleanup();
-    if (EE.listenerCount(this, 'error') === 0) {
-      throw er; // Unhandled stream error in pipe.
+  BN.prototype._parseBase = function _parseBase (number, base, start) {
+    // Initialize as zero
+    this.words = [ 0 ];
+    this.length = 1;
+
+    // Find length of limb in base
+    for (var limbLen = 0, limbPow = 1; limbPow <= 0x3ffffff; limbPow *= base) {
+      limbLen++;
     }
-  }
+    limbLen--;
+    limbPow = (limbPow / base) | 0;
 
-  source.on('error', onerror);
-  dest.on('error', onerror);
+    var total = number.length - start;
+    var mod = total % limbLen;
+    var end = Math.min(total, total - mod) + start;
 
-  // remove all the event listeners that were added.
-  function cleanup() {
-    source.removeListener('data', ondata);
-    dest.removeListener('drain', ondrain);
+    var word = 0;
+    for (var i = start; i < end; i += limbLen) {
+      word = parseBase(number, i, i + limbLen, base);
 
-    source.removeListener('end', onend);
-    source.removeListener('close', onclose);
+      this.imuln(limbPow);
+      if (this.words[0] + word < 0x4000000) {
+        this.words[0] += word;
+      } else {
+        this._iaddn(word);
+      }
+    }
 
-    source.removeListener('error', onerror);
-    dest.removeListener('error', onerror);
+    if (mod !== 0) {
+      var pow = 1;
+      word = parseBase(number, i, number.length, base);
 
-    source.removeListener('end', cleanup);
-    source.removeListener('close', cleanup);
+      for (i = 0; i < mod; i++) {
+        pow *= base;
+      }
 
-    dest.removeListener('close', cleanup);
-  }
+      this.imuln(pow);
+      if (this.words[0] + word < 0x4000000) {
+        this.words[0] += word;
+      } else {
+        this._iaddn(word);
+      }
+    }
+  };
 
-  source.on('end', cleanup);
-  source.on('close', cleanup);
+  BN.prototype.copy = function copy (dest) {
+    dest.words = new Array(this.length);
+    for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+      dest.words[i] = this.words[i];
+    }
+    dest.length = this.length;
+    dest.negative = this.negative;
+    dest.red = this.red;
+  };
 
-  dest.on('close', cleanup);
+  BN.prototype.clone = function clone () {
+    var r = new BN(null);
+    this.copy(r);
+    return r;
+  };
 
-  dest.emit('pipe', source);
+  BN.prototype._expand = function _expand (size) {
+    while (this.length < size) {
+      this.words[this.length++] = 0;
+    }
+    return this;
+  };
 
-  // Allow for unix-like usage: A.pipe(B).pipe(C)
-  return dest;
-};
+  // Remove leading `0` from `this`
+  BN.prototype.strip = function strip () {
+    while (this.length > 1 && this.words[this.length - 1] === 0) {
+      this.length--;
+    }
+    return this._normSign();
+  };
 
-},{"events":11,"inherits":12,"readable-stream/duplex.js":15,"readable-stream/passthrough.js":22,"readable-stream/readable.js":23,"readable-stream/transform.js":24,"readable-stream/writable.js":25}],27:[function(require,module,exports){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+  BN.prototype._normSign = function _normSign () {
+    // -0 = 0
+    if (this.length === 1 && this.words[0] === 0) {
+      this.negative = 0;
+    }
+    return this;
+  };
 
-var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
+  BN.prototype.inspect = function inspect () {
+    return (this.red ? '<BN-R: ' : '<BN: ') + this.toString(16) + '>';
+  };
 
-var isBufferEncoding = Buffer.isEncoding
-  || function(encoding) {
-       switch (encoding && encoding.toLowerCase()) {
-         case 'hex': case 'utf8': case 'utf-8': case 'ascii': case 'binary': case 'base64': case 'ucs2': case 'ucs-2': case 'utf16le': case 'utf-16le': case 'raw': return true;
-         default: return false;
-       }
-     }
+  /*
 
+  var zeros = [];
+  var groupSizes = [];
+  var groupBases = [];
 
-function assertEncoding(encoding) {
-  if (encoding && !isBufferEncoding(encoding)) {
-    throw new Error('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding);
+  var s = '';
+  var i = -1;
+  while (++i < BN.wordSize) {
+    zeros[i] = s;
+    s += '0';
   }
-}
-
-// StringDecoder provides an interface for efficiently splitting a series of
-// buffers into a series of JS strings without breaking apart multi-byte
-// characters. CESU-8 is handled as part of the UTF-8 encoding.
-//
-// @TODO Handling all encodings inside a single object makes it very difficult
-// to reason about this code, so it should be split up in the future.
-// @TODO There should be a utf8-strict encoding that rejects invalid UTF-8 code
-// points as used by CESU-8.
-var StringDecoder = exports.StringDecoder = function(encoding) {
-  this.encoding = (encoding || 'utf8').toLowerCase().replace(/[-_]/, '');
-  assertEncoding(encoding);
-  switch (this.encoding) {
-    case 'utf8':
-      // CESU-8 represents each of Surrogate Pair by 3-bytes
-      this.surrogateSize = 3;
-      break;
-    case 'ucs2':
-    case 'utf16le':
-      // UTF-16 represents each of Surrogate Pair by 2-bytes
-      this.surrogateSize = 2;
-      this.detectIncompleteChar = utf16DetectIncompleteChar;
-      break;
-    case 'base64':
-      // Base-64 stores 3 bytes in 4 chars, and pads the remainder.
-      this.surrogateSize = 3;
-      this.detectIncompleteChar = base64DetectIncompleteChar;
-      break;
-    default:
-      this.write = passThroughWrite;
-      return;
+  groupSizes[0] = 0;
+  groupSizes[1] = 0;
+  groupBases[0] = 0;
+  groupBases[1] = 0;
+  var base = 2 - 1;
+  while (++base < 36 + 1) {
+    var groupSize = 0;
+    var groupBase = 1;
+    while (groupBase < (1 << BN.wordSize) / base) {
+      groupBase *= base;
+      groupSize += 1;
+    }
+    groupSizes[base] = groupSize;
+    groupBases[base] = groupBase;
   }
 
-  // Enough space to store all bytes of a single character. UTF-8 needs 4
-  // bytes, but CESU-8 may require up to 6 (3 bytes per surrogate).
-  this.charBuffer = new Buffer(6);
-  // Number of bytes received for the current incomplete multi-byte character.
-  this.charReceived = 0;
-  // Number of bytes expected for the current incomplete multi-byte character.
-  this.charLength = 0;
-};
+  */
 
+  var zeros = [
+    '',
+    '0',
+    '00',
+    '000',
+    '0000',
+    '00000',
+    '000000',
+    '0000000',
+    '00000000',
+    '000000000',
+    '0000000000',
+    '00000000000',
+    '000000000000',
+    '0000000000000',
+    '00000000000000',
+    '000000000000000',
+    '0000000000000000',
+    '00000000000000000',
+    '000000000000000000',
+    '0000000000000000000',
+    '00000000000000000000',
+    '000000000000000000000',
+    '0000000000000000000000',
+    '00000000000000000000000',
+    '000000000000000000000000',
+    '0000000000000000000000000'
+  ];
+
+  var groupSizes = [
+    0, 0,
+    25, 16, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8,
+    8, 7, 7, 7, 7, 6, 6,
+    6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5,
+    5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
+    5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5
+  ];
+
+  var groupBases = [
+    0, 0,
+    33554432, 43046721, 16777216, 48828125, 60466176, 40353607, 16777216,
+    43046721, 10000000, 19487171, 35831808, 62748517, 7529536, 11390625,
+    16777216, 24137569, 34012224, 47045881, 64000000, 4084101, 5153632,
+    6436343, 7962624, 9765625, 11881376, 14348907, 17210368, 20511149,
+    24300000, 28629151, 33554432, 39135393, 45435424, 52521875, 60466176
+  ];
+
+  BN.prototype.toString = function toString (base, padding) {
+    base = base || 10;
+    padding = padding | 0 || 1;
+
+    var out;
+    if (base === 16 || base === 'hex') {
+      out = '';
+      var off = 0;
+      var carry = 0;
+      for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+        var w = this.words[i];
+        var word = (((w << off) | carry) & 0xffffff).toString(16);
+        carry = (w >>> (24 - off)) & 0xffffff;
+        if (carry !== 0 || i !== this.length - 1) {
+          out = zeros[6 - word.length] + word + out;
+        } else {
+          out = word + out;
+        }
+        off += 2;
+        if (off >= 26) {
+          off -= 26;
+          i--;
+        }
+      }
+      if (carry !== 0) {
+        out = carry.toString(16) + out;
+      }
+      while (out.length % padding !== 0) {
+        out = '0' + out;
+      }
+      if (this.negative !== 0) {
+        out = '-' + out;
+      }
+      return out;
+    }
+
+    if (base === (base | 0) && base >= 2 && base <= 36) {
+      // var groupSize = Math.floor(BN.wordSize * Math.LN2 / Math.log(base));
+      var groupSize = groupSizes[base];
+      // var groupBase = Math.pow(base, groupSize);
+      var groupBase = groupBases[base];
+      out = '';
+      var c = this.clone();
+      c.negative = 0;
+      while (!c.isZero()) {
+        var r = c.modn(groupBase).toString(base);
+        c = c.idivn(groupBase);
+
+        if (!c.isZero()) {
+          out = zeros[groupSize - r.length] + r + out;
+        } else {
+          out = r + out;
+        }
+      }
+      if (this.isZero()) {
+        out = '0' + out;
+      }
+      while (out.length % padding !== 0) {
+        out = '0' + out;
+      }
+      if (this.negative !== 0) {
+        out = '-' + out;
+      }
+      return out;
+    }
 
-// write decodes the given buffer and returns it as JS string that is
-// guaranteed to not contain any partial multi-byte characters. Any partial
-// character found at the end of the buffer is buffered up, and will be
-// returned when calling write again with the remaining bytes.
-//
-// Note: Converting a Buffer containing an orphan surrogate to a String
-// currently works, but converting a String to a Buffer (via `new Buffer`, or
-// Buffer#write) will replace incomplete surrogates with the unicode
-// replacement character. See https://codereview.chromium.org/121173009/ .
-StringDecoder.prototype.write = function(buffer) {
-  var charStr = '';
-  // if our last write ended with an incomplete multibyte character
-  while (this.charLength) {
-    // determine how many remaining bytes this buffer has to offer for this char
-    var available = (buffer.length >= this.charLength - this.charReceived) ?
-        this.charLength - this.charReceived :
-        buffer.length;
+    assert(false, 'Base should be between 2 and 36');
+  };
 
-    // add the new bytes to the char buffer
-    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, this.charReceived, 0, available);
-    this.charReceived += available;
+  BN.prototype.toNumber = function toNumber () {
+    var ret = this.words[0];
+    if (this.length === 2) {
+      ret += this.words[1] * 0x4000000;
+    } else if (this.length === 3 && this.words[2] === 0x01) {
+      // NOTE: at this stage it is known that the top bit is set
+      ret += 0x10000000000000 + (this.words[1] * 0x4000000);
+    } else if (this.length > 2) {
+      assert(false, 'Number can only safely store up to 53 bits');
+    }
+    return (this.negative !== 0) ? -ret : ret;
+  };
 
-    if (this.charReceived < this.charLength) {
-      // still not enough chars in this buffer? wait for more ...
-      return '';
-    }
+  BN.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () {
+    return this.toString(16);
+  };
 
-    // remove bytes belonging to the current character from the buffer
-    buffer = buffer.slice(available, buffer.length);
+  BN.prototype.toBuffer = function toBuffer (endian, length) {
+    assert(typeof Buffer !== 'undefined');
+    return this.toArrayLike(Buffer, endian, length);
+  };
 
-    // get the character that was split
-    charStr = this.charBuffer.slice(0, this.charLength).toString(this.encoding);
+  BN.prototype.toArray = function toArray (endian, length) {
+    return this.toArrayLike(Array, endian, length);
+  };
 
-    // CESU-8: lead surrogate (D800-DBFF) is also the incomplete character
-    var charCode = charStr.charCodeAt(charStr.length - 1);
-    if (charCode >= 0xD800 && charCode <= 0xDBFF) {
-      this.charLength += this.surrogateSize;
-      charStr = '';
-      continue;
-    }
-    this.charReceived = this.charLength = 0;
+  BN.prototype.toArrayLike = function toArrayLike (ArrayType, endian, length) {
+    var byteLength = this.byteLength();
+    var reqLength = length || Math.max(1, byteLength);
+    assert(byteLength <= reqLength, 'byte array longer than desired length');
+    assert(reqLength > 0, 'Requested array length <= 0');
+
+    this.strip();
+    var littleEndian = endian === 'le';
+    var res = new ArrayType(reqLength);
+
+    var b, i;
+    var q = this.clone();
+    if (!littleEndian) {
+      // Assume big-endian
+      for (i = 0; i < reqLength - byteLength; i++) {
+        res[i] = 0;
+      }
 
-    // if there are no more bytes in this buffer, just emit our char
-    if (buffer.length === 0) {
-      return charStr;
-    }
-    break;
-  }
+      for (i = 0; !q.isZero(); i++) {
+        b = q.andln(0xff);
+        q.iushrn(8);
 
-  // determine and set charLength / charReceived
-  this.detectIncompleteChar(buffer);
+        res[reqLength - i - 1] = b;
+      }
+    } else {
+      for (i = 0; !q.isZero(); i++) {
+        b = q.andln(0xff);
+        q.iushrn(8);
 
-  var end = buffer.length;
-  if (this.charLength) {
-    // buffer the incomplete character bytes we got
-    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, 0, buffer.length - this.charReceived, end);
-    end -= this.charReceived;
-  }
+        res[i] = b;
+      }
 
-  charStr += buffer.toString(this.encoding, 0, end);
+      for (; i < reqLength; i++) {
+        res[i] = 0;
+      }
+    }
 
-  var end = charStr.length - 1;
-  var charCode = charStr.charCodeAt(end);
-  // CESU-8: lead surrogate (D800-DBFF) is also the incomplete character
-  if (charCode >= 0xD800 && charCode <= 0xDBFF) {
-    var size = this.surrogateSize;
-    this.charLength += size;
-    this.charReceived += size;
-    this.charBuffer.copy(this.charBuffer, size, 0, size);
-    buffer.copy(this.charBuffer, 0, 0, size);
-    return charStr.substring(0, end);
+    return res;
+  };
+
+  if (Math.clz32) {
+    BN.prototype._countBits = function _countBits (w) {
+      return 32 - Math.clz32(w);
+    };
+  } else {
+    BN.prototype._countBits = function _countBits (w) {
+      var t = w;
+      var r = 0;
+      if (t >= 0x1000) {
+        r += 13;
+        t >>>= 13;
+      }
+      if (t >= 0x40) {
+        r += 7;
+        t >>>= 7;
+      }
+      if (t >= 0x8) {
+        r += 4;
+        t >>>= 4;
+      }
+      if (t >= 0x02) {
+        r += 2;
+        t >>>= 2;
+      }
+      return r + t;
+    };
   }
 
-  // or just emit the charStr
-  return charStr;
-};
+  BN.prototype._zeroBits = function _zeroBits (w) {
+    // Short-cut
+    if (w === 0) return 26;
+
+    var t = w;
+    var r = 0;
+    if ((t & 0x1fff) === 0) {
+      r += 13;
+      t >>>= 13;
+    }
+    if ((t & 0x7f) === 0) {
+      r += 7;
+      t >>>= 7;
+    }
+    if ((t & 0xf) === 0) {
+      r += 4;
+      t >>>= 4;
+    }
+    if ((t & 0x3) === 0) {
+      r += 2;
+      t >>>= 2;
+    }
+    if ((t & 0x1) === 0) {
+      r++;
+    }
+    return r;
+  };
 
-// detectIncompleteChar determines if there is an incomplete UTF-8 character at
-// the end of the given buffer. If so, it sets this.charLength to the byte
-// length that character, and sets this.charReceived to the number of bytes
-// that are available for this character.
-StringDecoder.prototype.detectIncompleteChar = function(buffer) {
-  // determine how many bytes we have to check at the end of this buffer
-  var i = (buffer.length >= 3) ? 3 : buffer.length;
+  // Return number of used bits in a BN
+  BN.prototype.bitLength = function bitLength () {
+    var w = this.words[this.length - 1];
+    var hi = this._countBits(w);
+    return (this.length - 1) * 26 + hi;
+  };
 
-  // Figure out if one of the last i bytes of our buffer announces an
-  // incomplete char.
-  for (; i > 0; i--) {
-    var c = buffer[buffer.length - i];
+  function toBitArray (num) {
+    var w = new Array(num.bitLength());
 
-    // See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8#Description
+    for (var bit = 0; bit < w.length; bit++) {
+      var off = (bit / 26) | 0;
+      var wbit = bit % 26;
 
-    // 110XXXXX
-    if (i == 1 && c >> 5 == 0x06) {
-      this.charLength = 2;
-      break;
+      w[bit] = (num.words[off] & (1 << wbit)) >>> wbit;
     }
 
-    // 1110XXXX
-    if (i <= 2 && c >> 4 == 0x0E) {
-      this.charLength = 3;
-      break;
-    }
+    return w;
+  }
 
-    // 11110XXX
-    if (i <= 3 && c >> 3 == 0x1E) {
-      this.charLength = 4;
-      break;
+  // Number of trailing zero bits
+  BN.prototype.zeroBits = function zeroBits () {
+    if (this.isZero()) return 0;
+
+    var r = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+      var b = this._zeroBits(this.words[i]);
+      r += b;
+      if (b !== 26) break;
     }
-  }
-  this.charReceived = i;
-};
+    return r;
+  };
 
-StringDecoder.prototype.end = function(buffer) {
-  var res = '';
-  if (buffer && buffer.length)
-    res = this.write(buffer);
+  BN.prototype.byteLength = function byteLength () {
+    return Math.ceil(this.bitLength() / 8);
+  };
 
-  if (this.charReceived) {
-    var cr = this.charReceived;
-    var buf = this.charBuffer;
-    var enc = this.encoding;
-    res += buf.slice(0, cr).toString(enc);
-  }
+  BN.prototype.toTwos = function toTwos (width) {
+    if (this.negative !== 0) {
+      return this.abs().inotn(width).iaddn(1);
+    }
+    return this.clone();
+  };
 
-  return res;
-};
+  BN.prototype.fromTwos = function fromTwos (width) {
+    if (this.testn(width - 1)) {
+      return this.notn(width).iaddn(1).ineg();
+    }
+    return this.clone();
+  };
 
-function passThroughWrite(buffer) {
-  return buffer.toString(this.encoding);
-}
+  BN.prototype.isNeg = function isNeg () {
+    return this.negative !== 0;
+  };
 
-function utf16DetectIncompleteChar(buffer) {
-  this.charReceived = buffer.length % 2;
-  this.charLength = this.charReceived ? 2 : 0;
-}
+  // Return negative clone of `this`
+  BN.prototype.neg = function neg () {
+    return this.clone().ineg();
+  };
 
-function base64DetectIncompleteChar(buffer) {
-  this.charReceived = buffer.length % 3;
-  this.charLength = this.charReceived ? 3 : 0;
-}
+  BN.prototype.ineg = function ineg () {
+    if (!this.isZero()) {
+      this.negative ^= 1;
+    }
 
-},{"buffer":7}],28:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports = function isBuffer(arg) {
-  return arg && typeof arg === 'object'
-    && typeof arg.copy === 'function'
-    && typeof arg.fill === 'function'
-    && typeof arg.readUInt8 === 'function';
-}
-},{}],29:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (process,global){
-// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
-//
-// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
-// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
-// following conditions:
-//
-// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-//
-// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
-// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
-// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
-// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
-// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+    return this;
+  };
 
-var formatRegExp = /%[sdj%]/g;
-exports.format = function(f) {
-  if (!isString(f)) {
-    var objects = [];
-    for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-      objects.push(inspect(arguments[i]));
+  // Or `num` with `this` in-place
+  BN.prototype.iuor = function iuor (num) {
+    while (this.length < num.length) {
+      this.words[this.length++] = 0;
     }
-    return objects.join(' ');
-  }
 
-  var i = 1;
-  var args = arguments;
-  var len = args.length;
-  var str = String(f).replace(formatRegExp, function(x) {
-    if (x === '%%') return '%';
-    if (i >= len) return x;
-    switch (x) {
-      case '%s': return String(args[i++]);
-      case '%d': return Number(args[i++]);
-      case '%j':
-        try {
-          return JSON.stringify(args[i++]);
-        } catch (_) {
-          return '[Circular]';
-        }
-      default:
-        return x;
+    for (var i = 0; i < num.length; i++) {
+      this.words[i] = this.words[i] | num.words[i];
     }
-  });
-  for (var x = args[i]; i < len; x = args[++i]) {
-    if (isNull(x) || !isObject(x)) {
-      str += ' ' + x;
+
+    return this.strip();
+  };
+
+  BN.prototype.ior = function ior (num) {
+    assert((this.negative | num.negative) === 0);
+    return this.iuor(num);
+  };
+
+  // Or `num` with `this`
+  BN.prototype.or = function or (num) {
+    if (this.length > num.length) return this.clone().ior(num);
+    return num.clone().ior(this);
+  };
+
+  BN.prototype.uor = function uor (num) {
+    if (this.length > num.length) return this.clone().iuor(num);
+    return num.clone().iuor(this);
+  };
+
+  // And `num` with `this` in-place
+  BN.prototype.iuand = function iuand (num) {
+    // b = min-length(num, this)
+    var b;
+    if (this.length > num.length) {
+      b = num;
     } else {
-      str += ' ' + inspect(x);
+      b = this;
     }
-  }
-  return str;
-};
 
+    for (var i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
+      this.words[i] = this.words[i] & num.words[i];
+    }
 
-// Mark that a method should not be used.
-// Returns a modified function which warns once by default.
-// If --no-deprecation is set, then it is a no-op.
-exports.deprecate = function(fn, msg) {
-  // Allow for deprecating things in the process of starting up.
-  if (isUndefined(global.process)) {
-    return function() {
-      return exports.deprecate(fn, msg).apply(this, arguments);
-    };
-  }
+    this.length = b.length;
 
-  if (process.noDeprecation === true) {
-    return fn;
-  }
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-  var warned = false;
-  function deprecated() {
-    if (!warned) {
-      if (process.throwDeprecation) {
-        throw new Error(msg);
-      } else if (process.traceDeprecation) {
-        console.trace(msg);
-      } else {
-        console.error(msg);
-      }
-      warned = true;
-    }
-    return fn.apply(this, arguments);
-  }
+  BN.prototype.iand = function iand (num) {
+    assert((this.negative | num.negative) === 0);
+    return this.iuand(num);
+  };
 
-  return deprecated;
-};
+  // And `num` with `this`
+  BN.prototype.and = function and (num) {
+    if (this.length > num.length) return this.clone().iand(num);
+    return num.clone().iand(this);
+  };
 
+  BN.prototype.uand = function uand (num) {
+    if (this.length > num.length) return this.clone().iuand(num);
+    return num.clone().iuand(this);
+  };
 
-var debugs = {};
-var debugEnviron;
-exports.debuglog = function(set) {
-  if (isUndefined(debugEnviron))
-    debugEnviron = process.env.NODE_DEBUG || '';
-  set = set.toUpperCase();
-  if (!debugs[set]) {
-    if (new RegExp('\\b' + set + '\\b', 'i').test(debugEnviron)) {
-      var pid = process.pid;
-      debugs[set] = function() {
-        var msg = exports.format.apply(exports, arguments);
-        console.error('%s %d: %s', set, pid, msg);
-      };
+  // Xor `num` with `this` in-place
+  BN.prototype.iuxor = function iuxor (num) {
+    // a.length > b.length
+    var a;
+    var b;
+    if (this.length > num.length) {
+      a = this;
+      b = num;
     } else {
-      debugs[set] = function() {};
+      a = num;
+      b = this;
     }
-  }
-  return debugs[set];
-};
 
+    for (var i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
+      this.words[i] = a.words[i] ^ b.words[i];
+    }
 
-/**
- * Echos the value of a value. Trys to print the value out
- * in the best way possible given the different types.
- *
- * @param {Object} obj The object to print out.
- * @param {Object} opts Optional options object that alters the output.
- */
-/* legacy: obj, showHidden, depth, colors*/
-function inspect(obj, opts) {
-  // default options
-  var ctx = {
-    seen: [],
-    stylize: stylizeNoColor
-  };
-  // legacy...
-  if (arguments.length >= 3) ctx.depth = arguments[2];
-  if (arguments.length >= 4) ctx.colors = arguments[3];
-  if (isBoolean(opts)) {
-    // legacy...
-    ctx.showHidden = opts;
-  } else if (opts) {
-    // got an "options" object
-    exports._extend(ctx, opts);
-  }
-  // set default options
-  if (isUndefined(ctx.showHidden)) ctx.showHidden = false;
-  if (isUndefined(ctx.depth)) ctx.depth = 2;
-  if (isUndefined(ctx.colors)) ctx.colors = false;
-  if (isUndefined(ctx.customInspect)) ctx.customInspect = true;
-  if (ctx.colors) ctx.stylize = stylizeWithColor;
-  return formatValue(ctx, obj, ctx.depth);
-}
-exports.inspect = inspect;
+    if (this !== a) {
+      for (; i < a.length; i++) {
+        this.words[i] = a.words[i];
+      }
+    }
 
+    this.length = a.length;
 
-// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#graphics
-inspect.colors = {
-  'bold' : [1, 22],
-  'italic' : [3, 23],
-  'underline' : [4, 24],
-  'inverse' : [7, 27],
-  'white' : [37, 39],
-  'grey' : [90, 39],
-  'black' : [30, 39],
-  'blue' : [34, 39],
-  'cyan' : [36, 39],
-  'green' : [32, 39],
-  'magenta' : [35, 39],
-  'red' : [31, 39],
-  'yellow' : [33, 39]
-};
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-// Don't use 'blue' not visible on cmd.exe
-inspect.styles = {
-  'special': 'cyan',
-  'number': 'yellow',
-  'boolean': 'yellow',
-  'undefined': 'grey',
-  'null': 'bold',
-  'string': 'green',
-  'date': 'magenta',
-  // "name": intentionally not styling
-  'regexp': 'red'
-};
+  BN.prototype.ixor = function ixor (num) {
+    assert((this.negative | num.negative) === 0);
+    return this.iuxor(num);
+  };
 
+  // Xor `num` with `this`
+  BN.prototype.xor = function xor (num) {
+    if (this.length > num.length) return this.clone().ixor(num);
+    return num.clone().ixor(this);
+  };
 
-function stylizeWithColor(str, styleType) {
-  var style = inspect.styles[styleType];
+  BN.prototype.uxor = function uxor (num) {
+    if (this.length > num.length) return this.clone().iuxor(num);
+    return num.clone().iuxor(this);
+  };
 
-  if (style) {
-    return '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][0] + 'm' + str +
-           '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][1] + 'm';
-  } else {
-    return str;
-  }
-}
+  // Not ``this`` with ``width`` bitwidth
+  BN.prototype.inotn = function inotn (width) {
+    assert(typeof width === 'number' && width >= 0);
 
+    var bytesNeeded = Math.ceil(width / 26) | 0;
+    var bitsLeft = width % 26;
 
-function stylizeNoColor(str, styleType) {
-  return str;
-}
+    // Extend the buffer with leading zeroes
+    this._expand(bytesNeeded);
 
+    if (bitsLeft > 0) {
+      bytesNeeded--;
+    }
 
-function arrayToHash(array) {
-  var hash = {};
+    // Handle complete words
+    for (var i = 0; i < bytesNeeded; i++) {
+      this.words[i] = ~this.words[i] & 0x3ffffff;
+    }
 
-  array.forEach(function(val, idx) {
-    hash[val] = true;
-  });
+    // Handle the residue
+    if (bitsLeft > 0) {
+      this.words[i] = ~this.words[i] & (0x3ffffff >> (26 - bitsLeft));
+    }
 
-  return hash;
-}
+    // And remove leading zeroes
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
+  BN.prototype.notn = function notn (width) {
+    return this.clone().inotn(width);
+  };
 
-function formatValue(ctx, value, recurseTimes) {
-  // Provide a hook for user-specified inspect functions.
-  // Check that value is an object with an inspect function on it
-  if (ctx.customInspect &&
-      value &&
-      isFunction(value.inspect) &&
-      // Filter out the util module, it's inspect function is special
-      value.inspect !== exports.inspect &&
-      // Also filter out any prototype objects using the circular check.
-      !(value.constructor && value.constructor.prototype === value)) {
-    var ret = value.inspect(recurseTimes, ctx);
-    if (!isString(ret)) {
-      ret = formatValue(ctx, ret, recurseTimes);
-    }
-    return ret;
-  }
+  // Set `bit` of `this`
+  BN.prototype.setn = function setn (bit, val) {
+    assert(typeof bit === 'number' && bit >= 0);
 
-  // Primitive types cannot have properties
-  var primitive = formatPrimitive(ctx, value);
-  if (primitive) {
-    return primitive;
-  }
+    var off = (bit / 26) | 0;
+    var wbit = bit % 26;
 
-  // Look up the keys of the object.
-  var keys = Object.keys(value);
-  var visibleKeys = arrayToHash(keys);
+    this._expand(off + 1);
 
-  if (ctx.showHidden) {
-    keys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(value);
-  }
+    if (val) {
+      this.words[off] = this.words[off] | (1 << wbit);
+    } else {
+      this.words[off] = this.words[off] & ~(1 << wbit);
+    }
 
-  // IE doesn't make error fields non-enumerable
-  // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/dww52sbt(v=vs.94).aspx
-  if (isError(value)
-      && (keys.indexOf('message') >= 0 || keys.indexOf('description') >= 0)) {
-    return formatError(value);
-  }
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-  // Some type of object without properties can be shortcutted.
-  if (keys.length === 0) {
-    if (isFunction(value)) {
-      var name = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
-      return ctx.stylize('[Function' + name + ']', 'special');
+  // Add `num` to `this` in-place
+  BN.prototype.iadd = function iadd (num) {
+    var r;
+
+    // negative + positive
+    if (this.negative !== 0 && num.negative === 0) {
+      this.negative = 0;
+      r = this.isub(num);
+      this.negative ^= 1;
+      return this._normSign();
+
+    // positive + negative
+    } else if (this.negative === 0 && num.negative !== 0) {
+      num.negative = 0;
+      r = this.isub(num);
+      num.negative = 1;
+      return r._normSign();
+    }
+
+    // a.length > b.length
+    var a, b;
+    if (this.length > num.length) {
+      a = this;
+      b = num;
+    } else {
+      a = num;
+      b = this;
+    }
+
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
+      r = (a.words[i] | 0) + (b.words[i] | 0) + carry;
+      this.words[i] = r & 0x3ffffff;
+      carry = r >>> 26;
+    }
+    for (; carry !== 0 && i < a.length; i++) {
+      r = (a.words[i] | 0) + carry;
+      this.words[i] = r & 0x3ffffff;
+      carry = r >>> 26;
+    }
+
+    this.length = a.length;
+    if (carry !== 0) {
+      this.words[this.length] = carry;
+      this.length++;
+    // Copy the rest of the words
+    } else if (a !== this) {
+      for (; i < a.length; i++) {
+        this.words[i] = a.words[i];
+      }
     }
-    if (isRegExp(value)) {
-      return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+
+    return this;
+  };
+
+  // Add `num` to `this`
+  BN.prototype.add = function add (num) {
+    var res;
+    if (num.negative !== 0 && this.negative === 0) {
+      num.negative = 0;
+      res = this.sub(num);
+      num.negative ^= 1;
+      return res;
+    } else if (num.negative === 0 && this.negative !== 0) {
+      this.negative = 0;
+      res = num.sub(this);
+      this.negative = 1;
+      return res;
     }
-    if (isDate(value)) {
-      return ctx.stylize(Date.prototype.toString.call(value), 'date');
+
+    if (this.length > num.length) return this.clone().iadd(num);
+
+    return num.clone().iadd(this);
+  };
+
+  // Subtract `num` from `this` in-place
+  BN.prototype.isub = function isub (num) {
+    // this - (-num) = this + num
+    if (num.negative !== 0) {
+      num.negative = 0;
+      var r = this.iadd(num);
+      num.negative = 1;
+      return r._normSign();
+
+    // -this - num = -(this + num)
+    } else if (this.negative !== 0) {
+      this.negative = 0;
+      this.iadd(num);
+      this.negative = 1;
+      return this._normSign();
+    }
+
+    // At this point both numbers are positive
+    var cmp = this.cmp(num);
+
+    // Optimization - zeroify
+    if (cmp === 0) {
+      this.negative = 0;
+      this.length = 1;
+      this.words[0] = 0;
+      return this;
     }
-    if (isError(value)) {
-      return formatError(value);
+
+    // a > b
+    var a, b;
+    if (cmp > 0) {
+      a = this;
+      b = num;
+    } else {
+      a = num;
+      b = this;
     }
-  }
 
-  var base = '', array = false, braces = ['{', '}'];
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
+      r = (a.words[i] | 0) - (b.words[i] | 0) + carry;
+      carry = r >> 26;
+      this.words[i] = r & 0x3ffffff;
+    }
+    for (; carry !== 0 && i < a.length; i++) {
+      r = (a.words[i] | 0) + carry;
+      carry = r >> 26;
+      this.words[i] = r & 0x3ffffff;
+    }
 
-  // Make Array say that they are Array
-  if (isArray(value)) {
-    array = true;
-    braces = ['[', ']'];
-  }
+    // Copy rest of the words
+    if (carry === 0 && i < a.length && a !== this) {
+      for (; i < a.length; i++) {
+        this.words[i] = a.words[i];
+      }
+    }
 
-  // Make functions say that they are functions
-  if (isFunction(value)) {
-    var n = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
-    base = ' [Function' + n + ']';
-  }
+    this.length = Math.max(this.length, i);
 
-  // Make RegExps say that they are RegExps
-  if (isRegExp(value)) {
-    base = ' ' + RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value);
-  }
+    if (a !== this) {
+      this.negative = 1;
+    }
 
-  // Make dates with properties first say the date
-  if (isDate(value)) {
-    base = ' ' + Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value);
-  }
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-  // Make error with message first say the error
-  if (isError(value)) {
-    base = ' ' + formatError(value);
-  }
+  // Subtract `num` from `this`
+  BN.prototype.sub = function sub (num) {
+    return this.clone().isub(num);
+  };
 
-  if (keys.length === 0 && (!array || value.length == 0)) {
-    return braces[0] + base + braces[1];
-  }
+  function smallMulTo (self, num, out) {
+    out.negative = num.negative ^ self.negative;
+    var len = (self.length + num.length) | 0;
+    out.length = len;
+    len = (len - 1) | 0;
+
+    // Peel one iteration (compiler can't do it, because of code complexity)
+    var a = self.words[0] | 0;
+    var b = num.words[0] | 0;
+    var r = a * b;
+
+    var lo = r & 0x3ffffff;
+    var carry = (r / 0x4000000) | 0;
+    out.words[0] = lo;
+
+    for (var k = 1; k < len; k++) {
+      // Sum all words with the same `i + j = k` and accumulate `ncarry`,
+      // note that ncarry could be >= 0x3ffffff
+      var ncarry = carry >>> 26;
+      var rword = carry & 0x3ffffff;
+      var maxJ = Math.min(k, num.length - 1);
+      for (var j = Math.max(0, k - self.length + 1); j <= maxJ; j++) {
+        var i = (k - j) | 0;
+        a = self.words[i] | 0;
+        b = num.words[j] | 0;
+        r = a * b + rword;
+        ncarry += (r / 0x4000000) | 0;
+        rword = r & 0x3ffffff;
+      }
+      out.words[k] = rword | 0;
+      carry = ncarry | 0;
+    }
+    if (carry !== 0) {
+      out.words[k] = carry | 0;
+    } else {
+      out.length--;
+    }
+
+    return out.strip();
+  }
+
+  // TODO(indutny): it may be reasonable to omit it for users who don't need
+  // to work with 256-bit numbers, otherwise it gives 20% improvement for 256-bit
+  // multiplication (like elliptic secp256k1).
+  var comb10MulTo = function comb10MulTo (self, num, out) {
+    var a = self.words;
+    var b = num.words;
+    var o = out.words;
+    var c = 0;
+    var lo;
+    var mid;
+    var hi;
+    var a0 = a[0] | 0;
+    var al0 = a0 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah0 = a0 >>> 13;
+    var a1 = a[1] | 0;
+    var al1 = a1 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah1 = a1 >>> 13;
+    var a2 = a[2] | 0;
+    var al2 = a2 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah2 = a2 >>> 13;
+    var a3 = a[3] | 0;
+    var al3 = a3 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah3 = a3 >>> 13;
+    var a4 = a[4] | 0;
+    var al4 = a4 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah4 = a4 >>> 13;
+    var a5 = a[5] | 0;
+    var al5 = a5 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah5 = a5 >>> 13;
+    var a6 = a[6] | 0;
+    var al6 = a6 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah6 = a6 >>> 13;
+    var a7 = a[7] | 0;
+    var al7 = a7 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah7 = a7 >>> 13;
+    var a8 = a[8] | 0;
+    var al8 = a8 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah8 = a8 >>> 13;
+    var a9 = a[9] | 0;
+    var al9 = a9 & 0x1fff;
+    var ah9 = a9 >>> 13;
+    var b0 = b[0] | 0;
+    var bl0 = b0 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh0 = b0 >>> 13;
+    var b1 = b[1] | 0;
+    var bl1 = b1 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh1 = b1 >>> 13;
+    var b2 = b[2] | 0;
+    var bl2 = b2 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh2 = b2 >>> 13;
+    var b3 = b[3] | 0;
+    var bl3 = b3 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh3 = b3 >>> 13;
+    var b4 = b[4] | 0;
+    var bl4 = b4 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh4 = b4 >>> 13;
+    var b5 = b[5] | 0;
+    var bl5 = b5 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh5 = b5 >>> 13;
+    var b6 = b[6] | 0;
+    var bl6 = b6 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh6 = b6 >>> 13;
+    var b7 = b[7] | 0;
+    var bl7 = b7 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh7 = b7 >>> 13;
+    var b8 = b[8] | 0;
+    var bl8 = b8 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh8 = b8 >>> 13;
+    var b9 = b[9] | 0;
+    var bl9 = b9 & 0x1fff;
+    var bh9 = b9 >>> 13;
+
+    out.negative = self.negative ^ num.negative;
+    out.length = 19;
+    /* k = 0 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al0, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al0, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah0, bh0);
+    var w0 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w0 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w0 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 1 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al1, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al1, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah1, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh1)) | 0;
+    var w1 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w1 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w1 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 2 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al2, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al2, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah2, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh1)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh2)) | 0;
+    var w2 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w2 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w2 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 3 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al3, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al3, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah3, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh1)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh2)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh3)) | 0;
+    var w3 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w3 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w3 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 4 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al4, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al4, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah4, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh1)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh2)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh3)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh4)) | 0;
+    var w4 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w4 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w4 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 5 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al5, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al5, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah5, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh1)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh2)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh3)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh4)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh5)) | 0;
+    var w5 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w5 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w5 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 6 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al6, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al6, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah6, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh1)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh2)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh3)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh4)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh5)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh6)) | 0;
+    var w6 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w6 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w6 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 7 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al7, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al7, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah7, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh1)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh2)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh3)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh4)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh5)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh6)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh7)) | 0;
+    var w7 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w7 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w7 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 8 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al8, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al8, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah8, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh1)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh2)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh3)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh4)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh5)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh6)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh7)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh8)) | 0;
+    var w8 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w8 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w8 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 9 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl0);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh0);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl0)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh0);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh1)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh1)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh2)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh3)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh4)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh5)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh6)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh7)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh8)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al0, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al0, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah0, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah0, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w9 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w9 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w9 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 10 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl1);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh1);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl1)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh1);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh2)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh2)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh3)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh4)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh5)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh6)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh7)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh8)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al1, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al1, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah1, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah1, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w10 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w10 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w10 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 11 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl2);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh2);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl2)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh2);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh3)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh3)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh4)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh5)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh6)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh7)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh8)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al2, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al2, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah2, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah2, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w11 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w11 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w11 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 12 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl3);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh3);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl3)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh3);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh4)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh4)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh5)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh6)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh7)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh8)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al3, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al3, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah3, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah3, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w12 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w12 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w12 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 13 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl4);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh4);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl4)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh4);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh5)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh5)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh6)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh7)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh8)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al4, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al4, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah4, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah4, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w13 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w13 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w13 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 14 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl5);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh5);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl5)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh5);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh6)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh6)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh7)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh8)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al5, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al5, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah5, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah5, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w14 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w14 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w14 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 15 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl6);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh6);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl6)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh6);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh7)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh7)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh8)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al6, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al6, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah6, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah6, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w15 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w15 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w15 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 16 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl7);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh7);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl7)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh7);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh8)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh8)) | 0;
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al7, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al7, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah7, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah7, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w16 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w16 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w16 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 17 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl8);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh8);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl8)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh8);
+    lo = (lo + Math.imul(al8, bl9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(al8, bh9)) | 0;
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah8, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = (hi + Math.imul(ah8, bh9)) | 0;
+    var w17 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w17 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w17 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    /* k = 18 */
+    lo = Math.imul(al9, bl9);
+    mid = Math.imul(al9, bh9);
+    mid = (mid + Math.imul(ah9, bl9)) | 0;
+    hi = Math.imul(ah9, bh9);
+    var w18 = (((c + lo) | 0) + ((mid & 0x1fff) << 13)) | 0;
+    c = (((hi + (mid >>> 13)) | 0) + (w18 >>> 26)) | 0;
+    w18 &= 0x3ffffff;
+    o[0] = w0;
+    o[1] = w1;
+    o[2] = w2;
+    o[3] = w3;
+    o[4] = w4;
+    o[5] = w5;
+    o[6] = w6;
+    o[7] = w7;
+    o[8] = w8;
+    o[9] = w9;
+    o[10] = w10;
+    o[11] = w11;
+    o[12] = w12;
+    o[13] = w13;
+    o[14] = w14;
+    o[15] = w15;
+    o[16] = w16;
+    o[17] = w17;
+    o[18] = w18;
+    if (c !== 0) {
+      o[19] = c;
+      out.length++;
+    }
+    return out;
+  };
 
-  if (recurseTimes < 0) {
-    if (isRegExp(value)) {
-      return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+  // Polyfill comb
+  if (!Math.imul) {
+    comb10MulTo = smallMulTo;
+  }
+
+  function bigMulTo (self, num, out) {
+    out.negative = num.negative ^ self.negative;
+    out.length = self.length + num.length;
+
+    var carry = 0;
+    var hncarry = 0;
+    for (var k = 0; k < out.length - 1; k++) {
+      // Sum all words with the same `i + j = k` and accumulate `ncarry`,
+      // note that ncarry could be >= 0x3ffffff
+      var ncarry = hncarry;
+      hncarry = 0;
+      var rword = carry & 0x3ffffff;
+      var maxJ = Math.min(k, num.length - 1);
+      for (var j = Math.max(0, k - self.length + 1); j <= maxJ; j++) {
+        var i = k - j;
+        var a = self.words[i] | 0;
+        var b = num.words[j] | 0;
+        var r = a * b;
+
+        var lo = r & 0x3ffffff;
+        ncarry = (ncarry + ((r / 0x4000000) | 0)) | 0;
+        lo = (lo + rword) | 0;
+        rword = lo & 0x3ffffff;
+        ncarry = (ncarry + (lo >>> 26)) | 0;
+
+        hncarry += ncarry >>> 26;
+        ncarry &= 0x3ffffff;
+      }
+      out.words[k] = rword;
+      carry = ncarry;
+      ncarry = hncarry;
+    }
+    if (carry !== 0) {
+      out.words[k] = carry;
     } else {
-      return ctx.stylize('[Object]', 'special');
+      out.length--;
     }
-  }
 
-  ctx.seen.push(value);
+    return out.strip();
+  }
 
-  var output;
-  if (array) {
-    output = formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys);
-  } else {
-    output = keys.map(function(key) {
-      return formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array);
-    });
+  function jumboMulTo (self, num, out) {
+    var fftm = new FFTM();
+    return fftm.mulp(self, num, out);
   }
 
-  ctx.seen.pop();
+  BN.prototype.mulTo = function mulTo (num, out) {
+    var res;
+    var len = this.length + num.length;
+    if (this.length === 10 && num.length === 10) {
+      res = comb10MulTo(this, num, out);
+    } else if (len < 63) {
+      res = smallMulTo(this, num, out);
+    } else if (len < 1024) {
+      res = bigMulTo(this, num, out);
+    } else {
+      res = jumboMulTo(this, num, out);
+    }
 
-  return reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces);
-}
+    return res;
+  };
 
+  // Cooley-Tukey algorithm for FFT
+  // slightly revisited to rely on looping instead of recursion
 
-function formatPrimitive(ctx, value) {
-  if (isUndefined(value))
-    return ctx.stylize('undefined', 'undefined');
-  if (isString(value)) {
-    var simple = '\'' + JSON.stringify(value).replace(/^"|"$/g, '')
-                                             .replace(/'/g, "\\'")
-                                             .replace(/\\"/g, '"') + '\'';
-    return ctx.stylize(simple, 'string');
+  function FFTM (x, y) {
+    this.x = x;
+    this.y = y;
   }
-  if (isNumber(value))
-    return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'number');
-  if (isBoolean(value))
-    return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'boolean');
-  // For some reason typeof null is "object", so special case here.
-  if (isNull(value))
-    return ctx.stylize('null', 'null');
-}
 
+  FFTM.prototype.makeRBT = function makeRBT (N) {
+    var t = new Array(N);
+    var l = BN.prototype._countBits(N) - 1;
+    for (var i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      t[i] = this.revBin(i, l, N);
+    }
 
-function formatError(value) {
-  return '[' + Error.prototype.toString.call(value) + ']';
-}
+    return t;
+  };
 
+  // Returns binary-reversed representation of `x`
+  FFTM.prototype.revBin = function revBin (x, l, N) {
+    if (x === 0 || x === N - 1) return x;
 
-function formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys) {
-  var output = [];
-  for (var i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; ++i) {
-    if (hasOwnProperty(value, String(i))) {
-      output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
-          String(i), true));
-    } else {
-      output.push('');
-    }
-  }
-  keys.forEach(function(key) {
-    if (!key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
-      output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
-          key, true));
+    var rb = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+      rb |= (x & 1) << (l - i - 1);
+      x >>= 1;
     }
-  });
-  return output;
-}
 
+    return rb;
+  };
 
-function formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array) {
-  var name, str, desc;
-  desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(value, key) || { value: value[key] };
-  if (desc.get) {
-    if (desc.set) {
-      str = ctx.stylize('[Getter/Setter]', 'special');
-    } else {
-      str = ctx.stylize('[Getter]', 'special');
-    }
-  } else {
-    if (desc.set) {
-      str = ctx.stylize('[Setter]', 'special');
+  // Performs "tweedling" phase, therefore 'emulating'
+  // behaviour of the recursive algorithm
+  FFTM.prototype.permute = function permute (rbt, rws, iws, rtws, itws, N) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      rtws[i] = rws[rbt[i]];
+      itws[i] = iws[rbt[i]];
     }
-  }
-  if (!hasOwnProperty(visibleKeys, key)) {
-    name = '[' + key + ']';
-  }
-  if (!str) {
-    if (ctx.seen.indexOf(desc.value) < 0) {
-      if (isNull(recurseTimes)) {
-        str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, null);
-      } else {
-        str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, recurseTimes - 1);
-      }
-      if (str.indexOf('\n') > -1) {
-        if (array) {
-          str = str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
-            return '  ' + line;
-          }).join('\n').substr(2);
-        } else {
-          str = '\n' + str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
-            return '   ' + line;
-          }).join('\n');
+  };
+
+  FFTM.prototype.transform = function transform (rws, iws, rtws, itws, N, rbt) {
+    this.permute(rbt, rws, iws, rtws, itws, N);
+
+    for (var s = 1; s < N; s <<= 1) {
+      var l = s << 1;
+
+      var rtwdf = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI / l);
+      var itwdf = Math.sin(2 * Math.PI / l);
+
+      for (var p = 0; p < N; p += l) {
+        var rtwdf_ = rtwdf;
+        var itwdf_ = itwdf;
+
+        for (var j = 0; j < s; j++) {
+          var re = rtws[p + j];
+          var ie = itws[p + j];
+
+          var ro = rtws[p + j + s];
+          var io = itws[p + j + s];
+
+          var rx = rtwdf_ * ro - itwdf_ * io;
+
+          io = rtwdf_ * io + itwdf_ * ro;
+          ro = rx;
+
+          rtws[p + j] = re + ro;
+          itws[p + j] = ie + io;
+
+          rtws[p + j + s] = re - ro;
+          itws[p + j + s] = ie - io;
+
+          /* jshint maxdepth : false */
+          if (j !== l) {
+            rx = rtwdf * rtwdf_ - itwdf * itwdf_;
+
+            itwdf_ = rtwdf * itwdf_ + itwdf * rtwdf_;
+            rtwdf_ = rx;
+          }
         }
       }
-    } else {
-      str = ctx.stylize('[Circular]', 'special');
-    }
-  }
-  if (isUndefined(name)) {
-    if (array && key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
-      return str;
     }
-    name = JSON.stringify('' + key);
-    if (name.match(/^"([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)"$/)) {
-      name = name.substr(1, name.length - 2);
-      name = ctx.stylize(name, 'name');
-    } else {
-      name = name.replace(/'/g, "\\'")
-                 .replace(/\\"/g, '"')
-                 .replace(/(^"|"$)/g, "'");
-      name = ctx.stylize(name, 'string');
+  };
+
+  FFTM.prototype.guessLen13b = function guessLen13b (n, m) {
+    var N = Math.max(m, n) | 1;
+    var odd = N & 1;
+    var i = 0;
+    for (N = N / 2 | 0; N; N = N >>> 1) {
+      i++;
     }
-  }
 
-  return name + ': ' + str;
-}
+    return 1 << i + 1 + odd;
+  };
+
+  FFTM.prototype.conjugate = function conjugate (rws, iws, N) {
+    if (N <= 1) return;
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < N / 2; i++) {
+      var t = rws[i];
 
+      rws[i] = rws[N - i - 1];
+      rws[N - i - 1] = t;
 
-function reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces) {
-  var numLinesEst = 0;
-  var length = output.reduce(function(prev, cur) {
-    numLinesEst++;
-    if (cur.indexOf('\n') >= 0) numLinesEst++;
-    return prev + cur.replace(/\u001b\[\d\d?m/g, '').length + 1;
-  }, 0);
+      t = iws[i];
 
-  if (length > 60) {
-    return braces[0] +
-           (base === '' ? '' : base + '\n ') +
-           ' ' +
-           output.join(',\n  ') +
-           ' ' +
-           braces[1];
-  }
+      iws[i] = -iws[N - i - 1];
+      iws[N - i - 1] = -t;
+    }
+  };
 
-  return braces[0] + base + ' ' + output.join(', ') + ' ' + braces[1];
-}
+  FFTM.prototype.normalize13b = function normalize13b (ws, N) {
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < N / 2; i++) {
+      var w = Math.round(ws[2 * i + 1] / N) * 0x2000 +
+        Math.round(ws[2 * i] / N) +
+        carry;
 
+      ws[i] = w & 0x3ffffff;
 
-// NOTE: These type checking functions intentionally don't use `instanceof`
-// because it is fragile and can be easily faked with `Object.create()`.
-function isArray(ar) {
-  return Array.isArray(ar);
-}
-exports.isArray = isArray;
+      if (w < 0x4000000) {
+        carry = 0;
+      } else {
+        carry = w / 0x4000000 | 0;
+      }
+    }
 
-function isBoolean(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'boolean';
-}
-exports.isBoolean = isBoolean;
+    return ws;
+  };
 
-function isNull(arg) {
-  return arg === null;
-}
-exports.isNull = isNull;
+  FFTM.prototype.convert13b = function convert13b (ws, len, rws, N) {
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      carry = carry + (ws[i] | 0);
 
-function isNullOrUndefined(arg) {
-  return arg == null;
-}
-exports.isNullOrUndefined = isNullOrUndefined;
+      rws[2 * i] = carry & 0x1fff; carry = carry >>> 13;
+      rws[2 * i + 1] = carry & 0x1fff; carry = carry >>> 13;
+    }
 
-function isNumber(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'number';
-}
-exports.isNumber = isNumber;
+    // Pad with zeroes
+    for (i = 2 * len; i < N; ++i) {
+      rws[i] = 0;
+    }
 
-function isString(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'string';
-}
-exports.isString = isString;
+    assert(carry === 0);
+    assert((carry & ~0x1fff) === 0);
+  };
 
-function isSymbol(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'symbol';
-}
-exports.isSymbol = isSymbol;
+  FFTM.prototype.stub = function stub (N) {
+    var ph = new Array(N);
+    for (var i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      ph[i] = 0;
+    }
 
-function isUndefined(arg) {
-  return arg === void 0;
-}
-exports.isUndefined = isUndefined;
+    return ph;
+  };
 
-function isRegExp(re) {
-  return isObject(re) && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
-}
-exports.isRegExp = isRegExp;
+  FFTM.prototype.mulp = function mulp (x, y, out) {
+    var N = 2 * this.guessLen13b(x.length, y.length);
 
-function isObject(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
-}
-exports.isObject = isObject;
+    var rbt = this.makeRBT(N);
 
-function isDate(d) {
-  return isObject(d) && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
-}
-exports.isDate = isDate;
+    var _ = this.stub(N);
 
-function isError(e) {
-  return isObject(e) &&
-      (objectToString(e) === '[object Error]' || e instanceof Error);
-}
-exports.isError = isError;
+    var rws = new Array(N);
+    var rwst = new Array(N);
+    var iwst = new Array(N);
 
-function isFunction(arg) {
-  return typeof arg === 'function';
-}
-exports.isFunction = isFunction;
+    var nrws = new Array(N);
+    var nrwst = new Array(N);
+    var niwst = new Array(N);
 
-function isPrimitive(arg) {
-  return arg === null ||
-         typeof arg === 'boolean' ||
-         typeof arg === 'number' ||
-         typeof arg === 'string' ||
-         typeof arg === 'symbol' ||  // ES6 symbol
-         typeof arg === 'undefined';
-}
-exports.isPrimitive = isPrimitive;
+    var rmws = out.words;
+    rmws.length = N;
 
-exports.isBuffer = require('./support/isBuffer');
+    this.convert13b(x.words, x.length, rws, N);
+    this.convert13b(y.words, y.length, nrws, N);
 
-function objectToString(o) {
-  return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
-}
+    this.transform(rws, _, rwst, iwst, N, rbt);
+    this.transform(nrws, _, nrwst, niwst, N, rbt);
 
+    for (var i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      var rx = rwst[i] * nrwst[i] - iwst[i] * niwst[i];
+      iwst[i] = rwst[i] * niwst[i] + iwst[i] * nrwst[i];
+      rwst[i] = rx;
+    }
 
-function pad(n) {
-  return n < 10 ? '0' + n.toString(10) : n.toString(10);
-}
+    this.conjugate(rwst, iwst, N);
+    this.transform(rwst, iwst, rmws, _, N, rbt);
+    this.conjugate(rmws, _, N);
+    this.normalize13b(rmws, N);
 
+    out.negative = x.negative ^ y.negative;
+    out.length = x.length + y.length;
+    return out.strip();
+  };
 
-var months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep',
-              'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'];
+  // Multiply `this` by `num`
+  BN.prototype.mul = function mul (num) {
+    var out = new BN(null);
+    out.words = new Array(this.length + num.length);
+    return this.mulTo(num, out);
+  };
 
-// 26 Feb 16:19:34
-function timestamp() {
-  var d = new Date();
-  var time = [pad(d.getHours()),
-              pad(d.getMinutes()),
-              pad(d.getSeconds())].join(':');
-  return [d.getDate(), months[d.getMonth()], time].join(' ');
-}
+  // Multiply employing FFT
+  BN.prototype.mulf = function mulf (num) {
+    var out = new BN(null);
+    out.words = new Array(this.length + num.length);
+    return jumboMulTo(this, num, out);
+  };
 
+  // In-place Multiplication
+  BN.prototype.imul = function imul (num) {
+    return this.clone().mulTo(num, this);
+  };
 
-// log is just a thin wrapper to console.log that prepends a timestamp
-exports.log = function() {
-  console.log('%s - %s', timestamp(), exports.format.apply(exports, arguments));
-};
+  BN.prototype.imuln = function imuln (num) {
+    assert(typeof num === 'number');
+    assert(num < 0x4000000);
 
+    // Carry
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+      var w = (this.words[i] | 0) * num;
+      var lo = (w & 0x3ffffff) + (carry & 0x3ffffff);
+      carry >>= 26;
+      carry += (w / 0x4000000) | 0;
+      // NOTE: lo is 27bit maximum
+      carry += lo >>> 26;
+      this.words[i] = lo & 0x3ffffff;
+    }
 
-/**
- * Inherit the prototype methods from one constructor into another.
- *
- * The Function.prototype.inherits from lang.js rewritten as a standalone
- * function (not on Function.prototype). NOTE: If this file is to be loaded
- * during bootstrapping this function needs to be rewritten using some native
- * functions as prototype setup using normal JavaScript does not work as
- * expected during bootstrapping (see mirror.js in r114903).
- *
- * @param {function} ctor Constructor function which needs to inherit the
- *     prototype.
- * @param {function} superCtor Constructor function to inherit prototype from.
- */
-exports.inherits = require('inherits');
+    if (carry !== 0) {
+      this.words[i] = carry;
+      this.length++;
+    }
 
-exports._extend = function(origin, add) {
-  // Don't do anything if add isn't an object
-  if (!add || !isObject(add)) return origin;
+    return this;
+  };
 
-  var keys = Object.keys(add);
-  var i = keys.length;
-  while (i--) {
-    origin[keys[i]] = add[keys[i]];
-  }
-  return origin;
-};
+  BN.prototype.muln = function muln (num) {
+    return this.clone().imuln(num);
+  };
 
-function hasOwnProperty(obj, prop) {
-  return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop);
-}
+  // `this` * `this`
+  BN.prototype.sqr = function sqr () {
+    return this.mul(this);
+  };
 
-}).call(this,require('_process'),typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
-},{"./support/isBuffer":28,"_process":14,"inherits":12}],30:[function(require,module,exports){
-// Base58 encoding/decoding
-// Originally written by Mike Hearn for BitcoinJ
-// Copyright (c) 2011 Google Inc
-// Ported to JavaScript by Stefan Thomas
-// Merged Buffer refactorings from base58-native by Stephen Pair
-// Copyright (c) 2013 BitPay Inc
+  // `this` * `this` in-place
+  BN.prototype.isqr = function isqr () {
+    return this.imul(this.clone());
+  };
 
-var ALPHABET = '123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz'
-var ALPHABET_MAP = {}
-for(var i = 0; i < ALPHABET.length; i++) {
-  ALPHABET_MAP[ALPHABET.charAt(i)] = i
-}
-var BASE = 58
+  // Math.pow(`this`, `num`)
+  BN.prototype.pow = function pow (num) {
+    var w = toBitArray(num);
+    if (w.length === 0) return new BN(1);
 
-function encode(buffer) {
-  if (buffer.length === 0) return ''
+    // Skip leading zeroes
+    var res = this;
+    for (var i = 0; i < w.length; i++, res = res.sqr()) {
+      if (w[i] !== 0) break;
+    }
 
-  var i, j, digits = [0]
-  for (i = 0; i < buffer.length; i++) {
-    for (j = 0; j < digits.length; j++) digits[j] <<= 8
+    if (++i < w.length) {
+      for (var q = res.sqr(); i < w.length; i++, q = q.sqr()) {
+        if (w[i] === 0) continue;
 
-    digits[0] += buffer[i]
+        res = res.mul(q);
+      }
+    }
 
-    var carry = 0
-    for (j = 0; j < digits.length; ++j) {
-      digits[j] += carry
+    return res;
+  };
 
-      carry = (digits[j] / BASE) | 0
-      digits[j] %= BASE
+  // Shift-left in-place
+  BN.prototype.iushln = function iushln (bits) {
+    assert(typeof bits === 'number' && bits >= 0);
+    var r = bits % 26;
+    var s = (bits - r) / 26;
+    var carryMask = (0x3ffffff >>> (26 - r)) << (26 - r);
+    var i;
+
+    if (r !== 0) {
+      var carry = 0;
+
+      for (i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+        var newCarry = this.words[i] & carryMask;
+        var c = ((this.words[i] | 0) - newCarry) << r;
+        this.words[i] = c | carry;
+        carry = newCarry >>> (26 - r);
+      }
+
+      if (carry) {
+        this.words[i] = carry;
+        this.length++;
+      }
     }
 
-    while (carry) {
-      digits.push(carry % BASE)
+    if (s !== 0) {
+      for (i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        this.words[i + s] = this.words[i];
+      }
 
-      carry = (carry / BASE) | 0
+      for (i = 0; i < s; i++) {
+        this.words[i] = 0;
+      }
+
+      this.length += s;
     }
-  }
 
-  // deal with leading zeros
-  for (i = 0; buffer[i] === 0 && i < buffer.length - 1; i++) digits.push(0)
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-  // convert digits to a string
-  var stringOutput = ""
-  for (var i = digits.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-    stringOutput = stringOutput + ALPHABET[digits[i]]
-  }
-  return stringOutput
-}
+  BN.prototype.ishln = function ishln (bits) {
+    // TODO(indutny): implement me
+    assert(this.negative === 0);
+    return this.iushln(bits);
+  };
 
-function decode(string) {
-  if (string.length === 0) return []
+  // Shift-right in-place
+  // NOTE: `hint` is a lowest bit before trailing zeroes
+  // NOTE: if `extended` is present - it will be filled with destroyed bits
+  BN.prototype.iushrn = function iushrn (bits, hint, extended) {
+    assert(typeof bits === 'number' && bits >= 0);
+    var h;
+    if (hint) {
+      h = (hint - (hint % 26)) / 26;
+    } else {
+      h = 0;
+    }
 
-  var i, j, bytes = [0]
-  for (i = 0; i < string.length; i++) {
-    var c = string[i]
-    if (!(c in ALPHABET_MAP)) throw new Error('Non-base58 character')
+    var r = bits % 26;
+    var s = Math.min((bits - r) / 26, this.length);
+    var mask = 0x3ffffff ^ ((0x3ffffff >>> r) << r);
+    var maskedWords = extended;
 
-    for (j = 0; j < bytes.length; j++) bytes[j] *= BASE
-    bytes[0] += ALPHABET_MAP[c]
+    h -= s;
+    h = Math.max(0, h);
 
-    var carry = 0
-    for (j = 0; j < bytes.length; ++j) {
-      bytes[j] += carry
+    // Extended mode, copy masked part
+    if (maskedWords) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < s; i++) {
+        maskedWords.words[i] = this.words[i];
+      }
+      maskedWords.length = s;
+    }
 
-      carry = bytes[j] >> 8
-      bytes[j] &= 0xff
+    if (s === 0) {
+      // No-op, we should not move anything at all
+    } else if (this.length > s) {
+      this.length -= s;
+      for (i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+        this.words[i] = this.words[i + s];
+      }
+    } else {
+      this.words[0] = 0;
+      this.length = 1;
     }
 
-    while (carry) {
-      bytes.push(carry & 0xff)
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (i = this.length - 1; i >= 0 && (carry !== 0 || i >= h); i--) {
+      var word = this.words[i] | 0;
+      this.words[i] = (carry << (26 - r)) | (word >>> r);
+      carry = word & mask;
+    }
 
-      carry >>= 8
+    // Push carried bits as a mask
+    if (maskedWords && carry !== 0) {
+      maskedWords.words[maskedWords.length++] = carry;
     }
-  }
 
-  // deal with leading zeros
-  for (i = 0; string[i] === '1' && i < string.length - 1; i++) bytes.push(0)
+    if (this.length === 0) {
+      this.words[0] = 0;
+      this.length = 1;
+    }
 
-  return bytes.reverse()
-}
+    return this.strip();
+  };
+
+  BN.prototype.ishrn = function ishrn (bits, hint, extended) {
+    // TODO(indutny): implement me
+    assert(this.negative === 0);
+    return this.iushrn(bits, hint, extended);
+  };
+
+  // Shift-left
+  BN.prototype.shln = function shln (bits) {
+    return this.clone().ishln(bits);
+  };
+
+  BN.prototype.ushln = function ushln (bits) {
+    return this.clone().iushln(bits);
+  };
+
+  // Shift-right
+  BN.prototype.shrn = function shrn (bits) {
+    return this.clone().ishrn(bits);
+  };
+
+  BN.prototype.ushrn = function ushrn (bits) {
+    return this.clone().iushrn(bits);
+  };
+
+  // Test if n bit is set
+  BN.prototype.testn = function testn (bit) {
+    assert(typeof bit === 'number' && bit >= 0);
+    var r = bit % 26;
+    var s = (bit - r) / 26;
+    var q = 1 << r;
+
+    // Fast case: bit is much higher than all existing words
+    if (this.length <= s) return false;
+
+    // Check bit and return
+    var w = this.words[s];
+
+    return !!(w & q);
+  };
+
+  // Return only lowers bits of number (in-place)
+  BN.prototype.imaskn = function imaskn (bits) {
+    assert(typeof bits === 'number' && bits >= 0);
+    var r = bits % 26;
+    var s = (bits - r) / 26;
+
+    assert(this.negative === 0, 'imaskn works only with positive numbers');
+
+    if (this.length <= s) {
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    if (r !== 0) {
+      s++;
+    }
+    this.length = Math.min(s, this.length);
 
-module.exports = {
-  encode: encode,
-  decode: decode
-}
+    if (r !== 0) {
+      var mask = 0x3ffffff ^ ((0x3ffffff >>> r) << r);
+      this.words[this.length - 1] &= mask;
+    }
 
-},{}],31:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-'use strict'
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-var base58 = require('bs58')
-var createHash = require('create-hash')
+  // Return only lowers bits of number
+  BN.prototype.maskn = function maskn (bits) {
+    return this.clone().imaskn(bits);
+  };
 
-// SHA256(SHA256(buffer))
-function sha256x2 (buffer) {
-  buffer = createHash('sha256').update(buffer).digest()
-  return createHash('sha256').update(buffer).digest()
-}
+  // Add plain number `num` to `this`
+  BN.prototype.iaddn = function iaddn (num) {
+    assert(typeof num === 'number');
+    assert(num < 0x4000000);
+    if (num < 0) return this.isubn(-num);
+
+    // Possible sign change
+    if (this.negative !== 0) {
+      if (this.length === 1 && (this.words[0] | 0) < num) {
+        this.words[0] = num - (this.words[0] | 0);
+        this.negative = 0;
+        return this;
+      }
 
-// Encode a buffer as a base58-check encoded string
-function encode (payload) {
-  var checksum = sha256x2(payload).slice(0, 4)
+      this.negative = 0;
+      this.isubn(num);
+      this.negative = 1;
+      return this;
+    }
 
-  return base58.encode(Buffer.concat([
-    payload,
-    checksum
-  ]))
-}
+    // Add without checks
+    return this._iaddn(num);
+  };
 
-// Decode a base58-check encoded string to a buffer
-function decode (string) {
-  var buffer = new Buffer(base58.decode(string))
+  BN.prototype._iaddn = function _iaddn (num) {
+    this.words[0] += num;
 
-  var payload = buffer.slice(0, -4)
-  var checksum = buffer.slice(-4)
-  var newChecksum = sha256x2(payload).slice(0, 4)
+    // Carry
+    for (var i = 0; i < this.length && this.words[i] >= 0x4000000; i++) {
+      this.words[i] -= 0x4000000;
+      if (i === this.length - 1) {
+        this.words[i + 1] = 1;
+      } else {
+        this.words[i + 1]++;
+      }
+    }
+    this.length = Math.max(this.length, i + 1);
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < newChecksum.length; ++i) {
-    if (newChecksum[i] === checksum[i]) continue
+    return this;
+  };
 
-    throw new Error('Invalid checksum')
-  }
+  // Subtract plain number `num` from `this`
+  BN.prototype.isubn = function isubn (num) {
+    assert(typeof num === 'number');
+    assert(num < 0x4000000);
+    if (num < 0) return this.iaddn(-num);
 
-  return payload
-}
+    if (this.negative !== 0) {
+      this.negative = 0;
+      this.iaddn(num);
+      this.negative = 1;
+      return this;
+    }
 
-module.exports = {
-  encode: encode,
-  decode: decode
-}
+    this.words[0] -= num;
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"bs58":30,"buffer":7,"create-hash":32}],32:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-'use strict';
-var inherits = require('inherits')
-var md5 = require('./md5')
-var rmd160 = require('ripemd160')
-var sha = require('sha.js')
+    if (this.length === 1 && this.words[0] < 0) {
+      this.words[0] = -this.words[0];
+      this.negative = 1;
+    } else {
+      // Carry
+      for (var i = 0; i < this.length && this.words[i] < 0; i++) {
+        this.words[i] += 0x4000000;
+        this.words[i + 1] -= 1;
+      }
+    }
 
-var Transform = require('stream').Transform
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-function HashNoConstructor(hash) {
-  Transform.call(this)
+  BN.prototype.addn = function addn (num) {
+    return this.clone().iaddn(num);
+  };
 
-  this._hash = hash
-  this.buffers = []
-}
+  BN.prototype.subn = function subn (num) {
+    return this.clone().isubn(num);
+  };
 
-inherits(HashNoConstructor, Transform)
+  BN.prototype.iabs = function iabs () {
+    this.negative = 0;
 
-HashNoConstructor.prototype._transform = function (data, _, next) {
-  this.buffers.push(data)
+    return this;
+  };
 
-  next()
-}
+  BN.prototype.abs = function abs () {
+    return this.clone().iabs();
+  };
 
-HashNoConstructor.prototype._flush = function (next) {
-  this.push(this.digest())
-  next()
-}
+  BN.prototype._ishlnsubmul = function _ishlnsubmul (num, mul, shift) {
+    var len = num.length + shift;
+    var i;
 
-HashNoConstructor.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
-  if (typeof data === 'string') {
-    data = new Buffer(data, enc)
-  }
+    this._expand(len);
 
-  this.buffers.push(data)
-  return this
-}
+    var w;
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < num.length; i++) {
+      w = (this.words[i + shift] | 0) + carry;
+      var right = (num.words[i] | 0) * mul;
+      w -= right & 0x3ffffff;
+      carry = (w >> 26) - ((right / 0x4000000) | 0);
+      this.words[i + shift] = w & 0x3ffffff;
+    }
+    for (; i < this.length - shift; i++) {
+      w = (this.words[i + shift] | 0) + carry;
+      carry = w >> 26;
+      this.words[i + shift] = w & 0x3ffffff;
+    }
 
-HashNoConstructor.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
-  var buf = Buffer.concat(this.buffers)
-  var r = this._hash(buf)
-  this.buffers = null
+    if (carry === 0) return this.strip();
 
-  return enc ? r.toString(enc) : r
-}
+    // Subtraction overflow
+    assert(carry === -1);
+    carry = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+      w = -(this.words[i] | 0) + carry;
+      carry = w >> 26;
+      this.words[i] = w & 0x3ffffff;
+    }
+    this.negative = 1;
 
-function Hash(hash) {
-  Transform.call(this)
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-  this._hash = hash
-}
+  BN.prototype._wordDiv = function _wordDiv (num, mode) {
+    var shift = this.length - num.length;
 
-inherits(Hash, Transform)
+    var a = this.clone();
+    var b = num;
 
-Hash.prototype._transform = function (data, enc, next) {
-  if (enc) data = new Buffer(data, enc)
+    // Normalize
+    var bhi = b.words[b.length - 1] | 0;
+    var bhiBits = this._countBits(bhi);
+    shift = 26 - bhiBits;
+    if (shift !== 0) {
+      b = b.ushln(shift);
+      a.iushln(shift);
+      bhi = b.words[b.length - 1] | 0;
+    }
 
-  this._hash.update(data)
+    // Initialize quotient
+    var m = a.length - b.length;
+    var q;
 
-  next()
-}
+    if (mode !== 'mod') {
+      q = new BN(null);
+      q.length = m + 1;
+      q.words = new Array(q.length);
+      for (var i = 0; i < q.length; i++) {
+        q.words[i] = 0;
+      }
+    }
 
-Hash.prototype._flush = function (next) {
-  this.push(this._hash.digest())
-  this._hash = null
+    var diff = a.clone()._ishlnsubmul(b, 1, m);
+    if (diff.negative === 0) {
+      a = diff;
+      if (q) {
+        q.words[m] = 1;
+      }
+    }
 
-  next()
-}
+    for (var j = m - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+      var qj = (a.words[b.length + j] | 0) * 0x4000000 +
+        (a.words[b.length + j - 1] | 0);
 
-Hash.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
-  if (typeof data === 'string') {
-    data = new Buffer(data, enc)
-  }
+      // NOTE: (qj / bhi) is (0x3ffffff * 0x4000000 + 0x3ffffff) / 0x2000000 max
+      // (0x7ffffff)
+      qj = Math.min((qj / bhi) | 0, 0x3ffffff);
 
-  this._hash.update(data)
-  return this
-}
+      a._ishlnsubmul(b, qj, j);
+      while (a.negative !== 0) {
+        qj--;
+        a.negative = 0;
+        a._ishlnsubmul(b, 1, j);
+        if (!a.isZero()) {
+          a.negative ^= 1;
+        }
+      }
+      if (q) {
+        q.words[j] = qj;
+      }
+    }
+    if (q) {
+      q.strip();
+    }
+    a.strip();
 
-Hash.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
-  var outData = this._hash.digest()
+    // Denormalize
+    if (mode !== 'div' && shift !== 0) {
+      a.iushrn(shift);
+    }
 
-  return enc ? outData.toString(enc) : outData
-}
+    return {
+      div: q || null,
+      mod: a
+    };
+  };
 
-module.exports = function createHash (alg) {
-  if ('md5' === alg) return new HashNoConstructor(md5)
-  if ('rmd160' === alg) return new HashNoConstructor(rmd160)
+  // NOTE: 1) `mode` can be set to `mod` to request mod only,
+  //       to `div` to request div only, or be absent to
+  //       request both div & mod
+  //       2) `positive` is true if unsigned mod is requested
+  BN.prototype.divmod = function divmod (num, mode, positive) {
+    assert(!num.isZero());
+
+    if (this.isZero()) {
+      return {
+        div: new BN(0),
+        mod: new BN(0)
+      };
+    }
 
-  return new Hash(sha(alg))
-}
+    var div, mod, res;
+    if (this.negative !== 0 && num.negative === 0) {
+      res = this.neg().divmod(num, mode);
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./md5":34,"buffer":7,"inherits":35,"ripemd160":36,"sha.js":38,"stream":26}],33:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-'use strict';
-var intSize = 4;
-var zeroBuffer = new Buffer(intSize); zeroBuffer.fill(0);
-var chrsz = 8;
+      if (mode !== 'mod') {
+        div = res.div.neg();
+      }
 
-function toArray(buf, bigEndian) {
-  if ((buf.length % intSize) !== 0) {
-    var len = buf.length + (intSize - (buf.length % intSize));
-    buf = Buffer.concat([buf, zeroBuffer], len);
-  }
+      if (mode !== 'div') {
+        mod = res.mod.neg();
+        if (positive && mod.negative !== 0) {
+          mod.iadd(num);
+        }
+      }
 
-  var arr = [];
-  var fn = bigEndian ? buf.readInt32BE : buf.readInt32LE;
-  for (var i = 0; i < buf.length; i += intSize) {
-    arr.push(fn.call(buf, i));
-  }
-  return arr;
-}
+      return {
+        div: div,
+        mod: mod
+      };
+    }
 
-function toBuffer(arr, size, bigEndian) {
-  var buf = new Buffer(size);
-  var fn = bigEndian ? buf.writeInt32BE : buf.writeInt32LE;
-  for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-    fn.call(buf, arr[i], i * 4, true);
-  }
-  return buf;
-}
+    if (this.negative === 0 && num.negative !== 0) {
+      res = this.divmod(num.neg(), mode);
 
-function hash(buf, fn, hashSize, bigEndian) {
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) buf = new Buffer(buf);
-  var arr = fn(toArray(buf, bigEndian), buf.length * chrsz);
-  return toBuffer(arr, hashSize, bigEndian);
-}
-exports.hash = hash;
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"buffer":7}],34:[function(require,module,exports){
-'use strict';
-/*
- * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
- * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
- * Version 2.1 Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2002.
- * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
- * Distributed under the BSD License
- * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for more info.
- */
+      if (mode !== 'mod') {
+        div = res.div.neg();
+      }
 
-var helpers = require('./helpers');
+      return {
+        div: div,
+        mod: res.mod
+      };
+    }
 
-/*
- * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length
- */
-function core_md5(x, len)
-{
-  /* append padding */
-  x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << ((len) % 32);
-  x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;
+    if ((this.negative & num.negative) !== 0) {
+      res = this.neg().divmod(num.neg(), mode);
 
-  var a =  1732584193;
-  var b = -271733879;
-  var c = -1732584194;
-  var d =  271733878;
+      if (mode !== 'div') {
+        mod = res.mod.neg();
+        if (positive && mod.negative !== 0) {
+          mod.isub(num);
+        }
+      }
 
-  for(var i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16)
-  {
-    var olda = a;
-    var oldb = b;
-    var oldc = c;
-    var oldd = d;
+      return {
+        div: res.div,
+        mod: mod
+      };
+    }
 
-    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 7 , -680876936);
-    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 1], 12, -389564586);
-    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 17,  606105819);
-    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 3], 22, -1044525330);
-    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 7 , -176418897);
-    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 5], 12,  1200080426);
-    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 17, -1473231341);
-    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 7], 22, -45705983);
-    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 7 ,  1770035416);
-    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 9], 12, -1958414417);
-    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 17, -42063);
-    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+11], 22, -1990404162);
-    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 7 ,  1804603682);
-    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+13], 12, -40341101);
-    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 17, -1502002290);
-    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+15], 22,  1236535329);
+    // Both numbers are positive at this point
 
-    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 5 , -165796510);
-    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 6], 9 , -1069501632);
-    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 14,  643717713);
-    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 0], 20, -373897302);
-    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 5 , -701558691);
-    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+10], 9 ,  38016083);
-    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 14, -660478335);
-    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 4], 20, -405537848);
-    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 5 ,  568446438);
-    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+14], 9 , -1019803690);
-    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 14, -187363961);
-    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 8], 20,  1163531501);
-    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 5 , -1444681467);
-    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 2], 9 , -51403784);
-    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 14,  1735328473);
-    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+12], 20, -1926607734);
+    // Strip both numbers to approximate shift value
+    if (num.length > this.length || this.cmp(num) < 0) {
+      return {
+        div: new BN(0),
+        mod: this
+      };
+    }
 
-    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 4 , -378558);
-    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 8], 11, -2022574463);
-    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 16,  1839030562);
-    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+14], 23, -35309556);
-    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 4 , -1530992060);
-    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 4], 11,  1272893353);
-    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 16, -155497632);
-    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+10], 23, -1094730640);
-    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 4 ,  681279174);
-    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 0], 11, -358537222);
-    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 16, -722521979);
-    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 6], 23,  76029189);
-    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 4 , -640364487);
-    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+12], 11, -421815835);
-    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 16,  530742520);
-    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 2], 23, -995338651);
+    // Very short reduction
+    if (num.length === 1) {
+      if (mode === 'div') {
+        return {
+          div: this.divn(num.words[0]),
+          mod: null
+        };
+      }
 
-    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 6 , -198630844);
-    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 7], 10,  1126891415);
-    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 15, -1416354905);
-    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 5], 21, -57434055);
-    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 6 ,  1700485571);
-    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 3], 10, -1894986606);
-    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 15, -1051523);
-    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 1], 21, -2054922799);
-    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 6 ,  1873313359);
-    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+15], 10, -30611744);
-    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 15, -1560198380);
-    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+13], 21,  1309151649);
-    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 6 , -145523070);
-    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+11], 10, -1120210379);
-    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 15,  718787259);
-    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 9], 21, -343485551);
+      if (mode === 'mod') {
+        return {
+          div: null,
+          mod: new BN(this.modn(num.words[0]))
+        };
+      }
 
-    a = safe_add(a, olda);
-    b = safe_add(b, oldb);
-    c = safe_add(c, oldc);
-    d = safe_add(d, oldd);
-  }
-  return Array(a, b, c, d);
+      return {
+        div: this.divn(num.words[0]),
+        mod: new BN(this.modn(num.words[0]))
+      };
+    }
 
-}
+    return this._wordDiv(num, mode);
+  };
 
-/*
- * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
- */
-function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t)
-{
-  return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s),b);
-}
-function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
-{
-  return md5_cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
-}
-function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
-{
-  return md5_cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
-}
-function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
-{
-  return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
-}
-function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
-{
-  return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
-}
+  // Find `this` / `num`
+  BN.prototype.div = function div (num) {
+    return this.divmod(num, 'div', false).div;
+  };
 
-/*
- * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
- * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
- */
-function safe_add(x, y)
-{
-  var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF);
-  var msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
-  return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
-}
+  // Find `this` % `num`
+  BN.prototype.mod = function mod (num) {
+    return this.divmod(num, 'mod', false).mod;
+  };
 
-/*
- * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
- */
-function bit_rol(num, cnt)
-{
-  return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
-}
+  BN.prototype.umod = function umod (num) {
+    return this.divmod(num, 'mod', true).mod;
+  };
 
-module.exports = function md5(buf) {
-  return helpers.hash(buf, core_md5, 16);
-};
-},{"./helpers":33}],35:[function(require,module,exports){
-arguments[4][12][0].apply(exports,arguments)
-},{"dup":12}],36:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-/*
-CryptoJS v3.1.2
-code.google.com/p/crypto-js
-(c) 2009-2013 by Jeff Mott. All rights reserved.
-code.google.com/p/crypto-js/wiki/License
-*/
-/** @preserve
-(c) 2012 by Cédric Mesnil. All rights reserved.
+  // Find Round(`this` / `num`)
+  BN.prototype.divRound = function divRound (num) {
+    var dm = this.divmod(num);
 
-Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+    // Fast case - exact division
+    if (dm.mod.isZero()) return dm.div;
 
-    - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-    - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+    var mod = dm.div.negative !== 0 ? dm.mod.isub(num) : dm.mod;
 
-THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*/
+    var half = num.ushrn(1);
+    var r2 = num.andln(1);
+    var cmp = mod.cmp(half);
 
-// constants table
-var zl = [
-  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
-  7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8,
-  3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12,
-  1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2,
-  4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13
-]
+    // Round down
+    if (cmp < 0 || r2 === 1 && cmp === 0) return dm.div;
 
-var zr = [
-  5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12,
-  6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2,
-  15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13,
-  8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14,
-  12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11
-]
+    // Round up
+    return dm.div.negative !== 0 ? dm.div.isubn(1) : dm.div.iaddn(1);
+  };
 
-var sl = [
-  11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8,
-  7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12,
-  11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5,
-  11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12,
-  9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6
-]
+  BN.prototype.modn = function modn (num) {
+    assert(num <= 0x3ffffff);
+    var p = (1 << 26) % num;
 
-var sr = [
-  8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6,
-  9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11,
-  9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5,
-  15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8,
-  8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11
-]
+    var acc = 0;
+    for (var i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      acc = (p * acc + (this.words[i] | 0)) % num;
+    }
 
-var hl = [0x00000000, 0x5A827999, 0x6ED9EBA1, 0x8F1BBCDC, 0xA953FD4E]
-var hr = [0x50A28BE6, 0x5C4DD124, 0x6D703EF3, 0x7A6D76E9, 0x00000000]
+    return acc;
+  };
 
-function bytesToWords (bytes) {
-  var words = []
-  for (var i = 0, b = 0; i < bytes.length; i++, b += 8) {
-    words[b >>> 5] |= bytes[i] << (24 - b % 32)
-  }
-  return words
-}
+  // In-place division by number
+  BN.prototype.idivn = function idivn (num) {
+    assert(num <= 0x3ffffff);
 
-function wordsToBytes (words) {
-  var bytes = []
-  for (var b = 0; b < words.length * 32; b += 8) {
-    bytes.push((words[b >>> 5] >>> (24 - b % 32)) & 0xFF)
-  }
-  return bytes
-}
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (var i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      var w = (this.words[i] | 0) + carry * 0x4000000;
+      this.words[i] = (w / num) | 0;
+      carry = w % num;
+    }
 
-function processBlock (H, M, offset) {
-  // swap endian
-  for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-    var offset_i = offset + i
-    var M_offset_i = M[offset_i]
+    return this.strip();
+  };
 
-    // Swap
-    M[offset_i] = (
-      (((M_offset_i << 8) | (M_offset_i >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
-      (((M_offset_i << 24) | (M_offset_i >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
-    )
-  }
+  BN.prototype.divn = function divn (num) {
+    return this.clone().idivn(num);
+  };
 
-  // Working variables
-  var al, bl, cl, dl, el
-  var ar, br, cr, dr, er
+  BN.prototype.egcd = function egcd (p) {
+    assert(p.negative === 0);
+    assert(!p.isZero());
 
-  ar = al = H[0]
-  br = bl = H[1]
-  cr = cl = H[2]
-  dr = dl = H[3]
-  er = el = H[4]
+    var x = this;
+    var y = p.clone();
 
-  // computation
-  var t
-  for (i = 0; i < 80; i += 1) {
-    t = (al + M[offset + zl[i]]) | 0
-    if (i < 16) {
-      t += f1(bl, cl, dl) + hl[0]
-    } else if (i < 32) {
-      t += f2(bl, cl, dl) + hl[1]
-    } else if (i < 48) {
-      t += f3(bl, cl, dl) + hl[2]
-    } else if (i < 64) {
-      t += f4(bl, cl, dl) + hl[3]
-    } else {// if (i<80) {
-      t += f5(bl, cl, dl) + hl[4]
+    if (x.negative !== 0) {
+      x = x.umod(p);
+    } else {
+      x = x.clone();
     }
-    t = t | 0
-    t = rotl(t, sl[i])
-    t = (t + el) | 0
-    al = el
-    el = dl
-    dl = rotl(cl, 10)
-    cl = bl
-    bl = t
 
-    t = (ar + M[offset + zr[i]]) | 0
-    if (i < 16) {
-      t += f5(br, cr, dr) + hr[0]
-    } else if (i < 32) {
-      t += f4(br, cr, dr) + hr[1]
-    } else if (i < 48) {
-      t += f3(br, cr, dr) + hr[2]
-    } else if (i < 64) {
-      t += f2(br, cr, dr) + hr[3]
-    } else {// if (i<80) {
-      t += f1(br, cr, dr) + hr[4]
+    // A * x + B * y = x
+    var A = new BN(1);
+    var B = new BN(0);
+
+    // C * x + D * y = y
+    var C = new BN(0);
+    var D = new BN(1);
+
+    var g = 0;
+
+    while (x.isEven() && y.isEven()) {
+      x.iushrn(1);
+      y.iushrn(1);
+      ++g;
     }
 
-    t = t | 0
-    t = rotl(t, sr[i])
-    t = (t + er) | 0
-    ar = er
-    er = dr
-    dr = rotl(cr, 10)
-    cr = br
-    br = t
-  }
+    var yp = y.clone();
+    var xp = x.clone();
 
-  // intermediate hash value
-  t = (H[1] + cl + dr) | 0
-  H[1] = (H[2] + dl + er) | 0
-  H[2] = (H[3] + el + ar) | 0
-  H[3] = (H[4] + al + br) | 0
-  H[4] = (H[0] + bl + cr) | 0
-  H[0] = t
-}
+    while (!x.isZero()) {
+      for (var i = 0, im = 1; (x.words[0] & im) === 0 && i < 26; ++i, im <<= 1);
+      if (i > 0) {
+        x.iushrn(i);
+        while (i-- > 0) {
+          if (A.isOdd() || B.isOdd()) {
+            A.iadd(yp);
+            B.isub(xp);
+          }
 
-function f1 (x, y, z) {
-  return ((x) ^ (y) ^ (z))
-}
+          A.iushrn(1);
+          B.iushrn(1);
+        }
+      }
 
-function f2 (x, y, z) {
-  return (((x) & (y)) | ((~x) & (z)))
-}
+      for (var j = 0, jm = 1; (y.words[0] & jm) === 0 && j < 26; ++j, jm <<= 1);
+      if (j > 0) {
+        y.iushrn(j);
+        while (j-- > 0) {
+          if (C.isOdd() || D.isOdd()) {
+            C.iadd(yp);
+            D.isub(xp);
+          }
+
+          C.iushrn(1);
+          D.iushrn(1);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (x.cmp(y) >= 0) {
+        x.isub(y);
+        A.isub(C);
+        B.isub(D);
+      } else {
+        y.isub(x);
+        C.isub(A);
+        D.isub(B);
+      }
+    }
+
+    return {
+      a: C,
+      b: D,
+      gcd: y.iushln(g)
+    };
+  };
 
-function f3 (x, y, z) {
-  return (((x) | (~(y))) ^ (z))
-}
+  // This is reduced incarnation of the binary EEA
+  // above, designated to invert members of the
+  // _prime_ fields F(p) at a maximal speed
+  BN.prototype._invmp = function _invmp (p) {
+    assert(p.negative === 0);
+    assert(!p.isZero());
 
-function f4 (x, y, z) {
-  return (((x) & (z)) | ((y) & (~(z))))
-}
+    var a = this;
+    var b = p.clone();
 
-function f5 (x, y, z) {
-  return ((x) ^ ((y) | (~(z))))
-}
+    if (a.negative !== 0) {
+      a = a.umod(p);
+    } else {
+      a = a.clone();
+    }
 
-function rotl (x, n) {
-  return (x << n) | (x >>> (32 - n))
-}
+    var x1 = new BN(1);
+    var x2 = new BN(0);
 
-function ripemd160 (message) {
-  var H = [0x67452301, 0xEFCDAB89, 0x98BADCFE, 0x10325476, 0xC3D2E1F0]
+    var delta = b.clone();
 
-  if (typeof message === 'string') {
-    message = new Buffer(message, 'utf8')
-  }
+    while (a.cmpn(1) > 0 && b.cmpn(1) > 0) {
+      for (var i = 0, im = 1; (a.words[0] & im) === 0 && i < 26; ++i, im <<= 1);
+      if (i > 0) {
+        a.iushrn(i);
+        while (i-- > 0) {
+          if (x1.isOdd()) {
+            x1.iadd(delta);
+          }
 
-  var m = bytesToWords(message)
+          x1.iushrn(1);
+        }
+      }
 
-  var nBitsLeft = message.length * 8
-  var nBitsTotal = message.length * 8
+      for (var j = 0, jm = 1; (b.words[0] & jm) === 0 && j < 26; ++j, jm <<= 1);
+      if (j > 0) {
+        b.iushrn(j);
+        while (j-- > 0) {
+          if (x2.isOdd()) {
+            x2.iadd(delta);
+          }
 
-  // Add padding
-  m[nBitsLeft >>> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - nBitsLeft % 32)
-  m[(((nBitsLeft + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = (
-    (((nBitsTotal << 8) | (nBitsTotal >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
-    (((nBitsTotal << 24) | (nBitsTotal >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
-  )
+          x2.iushrn(1);
+        }
+      }
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
-    processBlock(H, m, i)
-  }
+      if (a.cmp(b) >= 0) {
+        a.isub(b);
+        x1.isub(x2);
+      } else {
+        b.isub(a);
+        x2.isub(x1);
+      }
+    }
 
-  // swap endian
-  for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
-    // shortcut
-    var H_i = H[i]
+    var res;
+    if (a.cmpn(1) === 0) {
+      res = x1;
+    } else {
+      res = x2;
+    }
 
-    // Swap
-    H[i] = (((H_i << 8) | (H_i >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
-      (((H_i << 24) | (H_i >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
-  }
+    if (res.cmpn(0) < 0) {
+      res.iadd(p);
+    }
 
-  var digestbytes = wordsToBytes(H)
-  return new Buffer(digestbytes)
-}
+    return res;
+  };
 
-module.exports = ripemd160
+  BN.prototype.gcd = function gcd (num) {
+    if (this.isZero()) return num.abs();
+    if (num.isZero()) return this.abs();
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"buffer":7}],37:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-// prototype class for hash functions
-function Hash (blockSize, finalSize) {
-  this._block = new Buffer(blockSize)
-  this._finalSize = finalSize
-  this._blockSize = blockSize
-  this._len = 0
-  this._s = 0
-}
+    var a = this.clone();
+    var b = num.clone();
+    a.negative = 0;
+    b.negative = 0;
 
-Hash.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
-  if (typeof data === 'string') {
-    enc = enc || 'utf8'
-    data = new Buffer(data, enc)
-  }
+    // Remove common factor of two
+    for (var shift = 0; a.isEven() && b.isEven(); shift++) {
+      a.iushrn(1);
+      b.iushrn(1);
+    }
 
-  var l = this._len += data.length
-  var s = this._s || 0
-  var f = 0
-  var buffer = this._block
+    do {
+      while (a.isEven()) {
+        a.iushrn(1);
+      }
+      while (b.isEven()) {
+        b.iushrn(1);
+      }
 
-  while (s < l) {
-    var t = Math.min(data.length, f + this._blockSize - (s % this._blockSize))
-    var ch = (t - f)
+      var r = a.cmp(b);
+      if (r < 0) {
+        // Swap `a` and `b` to make `a` always bigger than `b`
+        var t = a;
+        a = b;
+        b = t;
+      } else if (r === 0 || b.cmpn(1) === 0) {
+        break;
+      }
 
-    for (var i = 0; i < ch; i++) {
-      buffer[(s % this._blockSize) + i] = data[i + f]
-    }
+      a.isub(b);
+    } while (true);
 
-    s += ch
-    f += ch
+    return b.iushln(shift);
+  };
 
-    if ((s % this._blockSize) === 0) {
-      this._update(buffer)
-    }
-  }
-  this._s = s
+  // Invert number in the field F(num)
+  BN.prototype.invm = function invm (num) {
+    return this.egcd(num).a.umod(num);
+  };
 
-  return this
-}
+  BN.prototype.isEven = function isEven () {
+    return (this.words[0] & 1) === 0;
+  };
 
-Hash.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
-  // Suppose the length of the message M, in bits, is l
-  var l = this._len * 8
+  BN.prototype.isOdd = function isOdd () {
+    return (this.words[0] & 1) === 1;
+  };
 
-  // Append the bit 1 to the end of the message
-  this._block[this._len % this._blockSize] = 0x80
+  // And first word and num
+  BN.prototype.andln = function andln (num) {
+    return this.words[0] & num;
+  };
 
-  // and then k zero bits, where k is the smallest non-negative solution to the equation (l + 1 + k) === finalSize mod blockSize
-  this._block.fill(0, this._len % this._blockSize + 1)
+  // Increment at the bit position in-line
+  BN.prototype.bincn = function bincn (bit) {
+    assert(typeof bit === 'number');
+    var r = bit % 26;
+    var s = (bit - r) / 26;
+    var q = 1 << r;
+
+    // Fast case: bit is much higher than all existing words
+    if (this.length <= s) {
+      this._expand(s + 1);
+      this.words[s] |= q;
+      return this;
+    }
 
-  if (l % (this._blockSize * 8) >= this._finalSize * 8) {
-    this._update(this._block)
-    this._block.fill(0)
-  }
+    // Add bit and propagate, if needed
+    var carry = q;
+    for (var i = s; carry !== 0 && i < this.length; i++) {
+      var w = this.words[i] | 0;
+      w += carry;
+      carry = w >>> 26;
+      w &= 0x3ffffff;
+      this.words[i] = w;
+    }
+    if (carry !== 0) {
+      this.words[i] = carry;
+      this.length++;
+    }
+    return this;
+  };
 
-  // to this append the block which is equal to the number l written in binary
-  // TODO: handle case where l is > Math.pow(2, 29)
-  this._block.writeInt32BE(l, this._blockSize - 4)
+  BN.prototype.isZero = function isZero () {
+    return this.length === 1 && this.words[0] === 0;
+  };
 
-  var hash = this._update(this._block) || this._hash()
+  BN.prototype.cmpn = function cmpn (num) {
+    var negative = num < 0;
 
-  return enc ? hash.toString(enc) : hash
-}
+    if (this.negative !== 0 && !negative) return -1;
+    if (this.negative === 0 && negative) return 1;
 
-Hash.prototype._update = function () {
-  throw new Error('_update must be implemented by subclass')
-}
+    this.strip();
 
-module.exports = Hash
+    var res;
+    if (this.length > 1) {
+      res = 1;
+    } else {
+      if (negative) {
+        num = -num;
+      }
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"buffer":7}],38:[function(require,module,exports){
-var exports = module.exports = function SHA (algorithm) {
-  algorithm = algorithm.toLowerCase()
+      assert(num <= 0x3ffffff, 'Number is too big');
 
-  var Algorithm = exports[algorithm]
-  if (!Algorithm) throw new Error(algorithm + ' is not supported (we accept pull requests)')
+      var w = this.words[0] | 0;
+      res = w === num ? 0 : w < num ? -1 : 1;
+    }
+    if (this.negative !== 0) return -res | 0;
+    return res;
+  };
 
-  return new Algorithm()
-}
+  // Compare two numbers and return:
+  // 1 - if `this` > `num`
+  // 0 - if `this` == `num`
+  // -1 - if `this` < `num`
+  BN.prototype.cmp = function cmp (num) {
+    if (this.negative !== 0 && num.negative === 0) return -1;
+    if (this.negative === 0 && num.negative !== 0) return 1;
+
+    var res = this.ucmp(num);
+    if (this.negative !== 0) return -res | 0;
+    return res;
+  };
 
-exports.sha = require('./sha')
-exports.sha1 = require('./sha1')
-exports.sha224 = require('./sha224')
-exports.sha256 = require('./sha256')
-exports.sha384 = require('./sha384')
-exports.sha512 = require('./sha512')
+  // Unsigned comparison
+  BN.prototype.ucmp = function ucmp (num) {
+    // At this point both numbers have the same sign
+    if (this.length > num.length) return 1;
+    if (this.length < num.length) return -1;
+
+    var res = 0;
+    for (var i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      var a = this.words[i] | 0;
+      var b = num.words[i] | 0;
+
+      if (a === b) continue;
+      if (a < b) {
+        res = -1;
+      } else if (a > b) {
+        res = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    return res;
+  };
 
-},{"./sha":39,"./sha1":40,"./sha224":41,"./sha256":42,"./sha384":43,"./sha512":44}],39:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-/*
- * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-0, as defined
- * in FIPS PUB 180-1
- * This source code is derived from sha1.js of the same repository.
- * The difference between SHA-0 and SHA-1 is just a bitwise rotate left
- * operation was added.
- */
+  BN.prototype.gtn = function gtn (num) {
+    return this.cmpn(num) === 1;
+  };
 
-var inherits = require('inherits')
-var Hash = require('./hash')
+  BN.prototype.gt = function gt (num) {
+    return this.cmp(num) === 1;
+  };
 
-var W = new Array(80)
+  BN.prototype.gten = function gten (num) {
+    return this.cmpn(num) >= 0;
+  };
 
-function Sha () {
-  this.init()
-  this._w = W
+  BN.prototype.gte = function gte (num) {
+    return this.cmp(num) >= 0;
+  };
 
-  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
-}
+  BN.prototype.ltn = function ltn (num) {
+    return this.cmpn(num) === -1;
+  };
 
-inherits(Sha, Hash)
+  BN.prototype.lt = function lt (num) {
+    return this.cmp(num) === -1;
+  };
 
-Sha.prototype.init = function () {
-  this._a = 0x67452301 | 0
-  this._b = 0xefcdab89 | 0
-  this._c = 0x98badcfe | 0
-  this._d = 0x10325476 | 0
-  this._e = 0xc3d2e1f0 | 0
+  BN.prototype.lten = function lten (num) {
+    return this.cmpn(num) <= 0;
+  };
 
-  return this
-}
+  BN.prototype.lte = function lte (num) {
+    return this.cmp(num) <= 0;
+  };
 
-/*
- * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
- */
-function rol (num, cnt) {
-  return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt))
-}
+  BN.prototype.eqn = function eqn (num) {
+    return this.cmpn(num) === 0;
+  };
 
-Sha.prototype._update = function (M) {
-  var W = this._w
+  BN.prototype.eq = function eq (num) {
+    return this.cmp(num) === 0;
+  };
 
-  var a = this._a
-  var b = this._b
-  var c = this._c
-  var d = this._d
-  var e = this._e
+  //
+  // A reduce context, could be using montgomery or something better, depending
+  // on the `m` itself.
+  //
+  BN.red = function red (num) {
+    return new Red(num);
+  };
 
-  var j = 0, k
+  BN.prototype.toRed = function toRed (ctx) {
+    assert(!this.red, 'Already a number in reduction context');
+    assert(this.negative === 0, 'red works only with positives');
+    return ctx.convertTo(this)._forceRed(ctx);
+  };
 
-  /*
-   * SHA-1 has a bitwise rotate left operation. But, SHA is not
-   * function calcW() { return rol(W[j - 3] ^ W[j -  8] ^ W[j - 14] ^ W[j - 16], 1) }
-   */
-  function calcW () { return W[j - 3] ^ W[j - 8] ^ W[j - 14] ^ W[j - 16] }
-  function loop (w, f) {
-    W[j] = w
+  BN.prototype.fromRed = function fromRed () {
+    assert(this.red, 'fromRed works only with numbers in reduction context');
+    return this.red.convertFrom(this);
+  };
 
-    var t = rol(a, 5) + f + e + w + k
+  BN.prototype._forceRed = function _forceRed (ctx) {
+    this.red = ctx;
+    return this;
+  };
 
-    e = d
-    d = c
-    c = rol(b, 30)
-    b = a
-    a = t
-    j++
-  }
+  BN.prototype.forceRed = function forceRed (ctx) {
+    assert(!this.red, 'Already a number in reduction context');
+    return this._forceRed(ctx);
+  };
 
-  k = 1518500249
-  while (j < 16) loop(M.readInt32BE(j * 4), (b & c) | ((~b) & d))
-  while (j < 20) loop(calcW(), (b & c) | ((~b) & d))
-  k = 1859775393
-  while (j < 40) loop(calcW(), b ^ c ^ d)
-  k = -1894007588
-  while (j < 60) loop(calcW(), (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d))
-  k = -899497514
-  while (j < 80) loop(calcW(), b ^ c ^ d)
+  BN.prototype.redAdd = function redAdd (num) {
+    assert(this.red, 'redAdd works only with red numbers');
+    return this.red.add(this, num);
+  };
 
-  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
-  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
-  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
-  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
-  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
-}
+  BN.prototype.redIAdd = function redIAdd (num) {
+    assert(this.red, 'redIAdd works only with red numbers');
+    return this.red.iadd(this, num);
+  };
 
-Sha.prototype._hash = function () {
-  var H = new Buffer(20)
+  BN.prototype.redSub = function redSub (num) {
+    assert(this.red, 'redSub works only with red numbers');
+    return this.red.sub(this, num);
+  };
 
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._a | 0, 0)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._b | 0, 4)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._c | 0, 8)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._d | 0, 12)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._e | 0, 16)
+  BN.prototype.redISub = function redISub (num) {
+    assert(this.red, 'redISub works only with red numbers');
+    return this.red.isub(this, num);
+  };
 
-  return H
-}
+  BN.prototype.redShl = function redShl (num) {
+    assert(this.red, 'redShl works only with red numbers');
+    return this.red.shl(this, num);
+  };
 
-module.exports = Sha
+  BN.prototype.redMul = function redMul (num) {
+    assert(this.red, 'redMul works only with red numbers');
+    this.red._verify2(this, num);
+    return this.red.mul(this, num);
+  };
 
+  BN.prototype.redIMul = function redIMul (num) {
+    assert(this.red, 'redMul works only with red numbers');
+    this.red._verify2(this, num);
+    return this.red.imul(this, num);
+  };
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./hash":37,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],40:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-/*
- * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-1, as defined
- * in FIPS PUB 180-1
- * Version 2.1a Copyright Paul Johnston 2000 - 2002.
- * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
- * Distributed under the BSD License
- * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
- */
+  BN.prototype.redSqr = function redSqr () {
+    assert(this.red, 'redSqr works only with red numbers');
+    this.red._verify1(this);
+    return this.red.sqr(this);
+  };
 
-var inherits = require('inherits')
-var Hash = require('./hash')
+  BN.prototype.redISqr = function redISqr () {
+    assert(this.red, 'redISqr works only with red numbers');
+    this.red._verify1(this);
+    return this.red.isqr(this);
+  };
 
-var W = new Array(80)
+  // Square root over p
+  BN.prototype.redSqrt = function redSqrt () {
+    assert(this.red, 'redSqrt works only with red numbers');
+    this.red._verify1(this);
+    return this.red.sqrt(this);
+  };
 
-function Sha1 () {
-  this.init()
-  this._w = W
+  BN.prototype.redInvm = function redInvm () {
+    assert(this.red, 'redInvm works only with red numbers');
+    this.red._verify1(this);
+    return this.red.invm(this);
+  };
 
-  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
-}
+  // Return negative clone of `this` % `red modulo`
+  BN.prototype.redNeg = function redNeg () {
+    assert(this.red, 'redNeg works only with red numbers');
+    this.red._verify1(this);
+    return this.red.neg(this);
+  };
 
-inherits(Sha1, Hash)
+  BN.prototype.redPow = function redPow (num) {
+    assert(this.red && !num.red, 'redPow(normalNum)');
+    this.red._verify1(this);
+    return this.red.pow(this, num);
+  };
 
-Sha1.prototype.init = function () {
-  this._a = 0x67452301 | 0
-  this._b = 0xefcdab89 | 0
-  this._c = 0x98badcfe | 0
-  this._d = 0x10325476 | 0
-  this._e = 0xc3d2e1f0 | 0
+  // Prime numbers with efficient reduction
+  var primes = {
+    k256: null,
+    p224: null,
+    p192: null,
+    p25519: null
+  };
 
-  return this
-}
+  // Pseudo-Mersenne prime
+  function MPrime (name, p) {
+    // P = 2 ^ N - K
+    this.name = name;
+    this.p = new BN(p, 16);
+    this.n = this.p.bitLength();
+    this.k = new BN(1).iushln(this.n).isub(this.p);
 
-/*
- * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
- */
-function rol (num, cnt) {
-  return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt))
-}
+    this.tmp = this._tmp();
+  }
 
-Sha1.prototype._update = function (M) {
-  var W = this._w
+  MPrime.prototype._tmp = function _tmp () {
+    var tmp = new BN(null);
+    tmp.words = new Array(Math.ceil(this.n / 13));
+    return tmp;
+  };
 
-  var a = this._a
-  var b = this._b
-  var c = this._c
-  var d = this._d
-  var e = this._e
+  MPrime.prototype.ireduce = function ireduce (num) {
+    // Assumes that `num` is less than `P^2`
+    // num = HI * (2 ^ N - K) + HI * K + LO = HI * K + LO (mod P)
+    var r = num;
+    var rlen;
 
-  var j = 0, k
+    do {
+      this.split(r, this.tmp);
+      r = this.imulK(r);
+      r = r.iadd(this.tmp);
+      rlen = r.bitLength();
+    } while (rlen > this.n);
+
+    var cmp = rlen < this.n ? -1 : r.ucmp(this.p);
+    if (cmp === 0) {
+      r.words[0] = 0;
+      r.length = 1;
+    } else if (cmp > 0) {
+      r.isub(this.p);
+    } else {
+      r.strip();
+    }
 
-  function calcW () { return rol(W[j - 3] ^ W[j - 8] ^ W[j - 14] ^ W[j - 16], 1) }
-  function loop (w, f) {
-    W[j] = w
+    return r;
+  };
 
-    var t = rol(a, 5) + f + e + w + k
+  MPrime.prototype.split = function split (input, out) {
+    input.iushrn(this.n, 0, out);
+  };
 
-    e = d
-    d = c
-    c = rol(b, 30)
-    b = a
-    a = t
-    j++
-  }
+  MPrime.prototype.imulK = function imulK (num) {
+    return num.imul(this.k);
+  };
 
-  k = 1518500249
-  while (j < 16) loop(M.readInt32BE(j * 4), (b & c) | ((~b) & d))
-  while (j < 20) loop(calcW(), (b & c) | ((~b) & d))
-  k = 1859775393
-  while (j < 40) loop(calcW(), b ^ c ^ d)
-  k = -1894007588
-  while (j < 60) loop(calcW(), (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d))
-  k = -899497514
-  while (j < 80) loop(calcW(), b ^ c ^ d)
+  function K256 () {
+    MPrime.call(
+      this,
+      'k256',
+      'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff fffffffe fffffc2f');
+  }
+  inherits(K256, MPrime);
 
-  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
-  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
-  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
-  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
-  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
-}
+  K256.prototype.split = function split (input, output) {
+    // 256 = 9 * 26 + 22
+    var mask = 0x3fffff;
 
-Sha1.prototype._hash = function () {
-  var H = new Buffer(20)
+    var outLen = Math.min(input.length, 9);
+    for (var i = 0; i < outLen; i++) {
+      output.words[i] = input.words[i];
+    }
+    output.length = outLen;
 
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._a | 0, 0)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._b | 0, 4)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._c | 0, 8)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._d | 0, 12)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._e | 0, 16)
+    if (input.length <= 9) {
+      input.words[0] = 0;
+      input.length = 1;
+      return;
+    }
 
-  return H
-}
+    // Shift by 9 limbs
+    var prev = input.words[9];
+    output.words[output.length++] = prev & mask;
 
-module.exports = Sha1
+    for (i = 10; i < input.length; i++) {
+      var next = input.words[i] | 0;
+      input.words[i - 10] = ((next & mask) << 4) | (prev >>> 22);
+      prev = next;
+    }
+    prev >>>= 22;
+    input.words[i - 10] = prev;
+    if (prev === 0 && input.length > 10) {
+      input.length -= 10;
+    } else {
+      input.length -= 9;
+    }
+  };
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./hash":37,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],41:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-/**
- * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined
- * in FIPS 180-2
- * Version 2.2-beta Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
- * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
- *
- */
+  K256.prototype.imulK = function imulK (num) {
+    // K = 0x1000003d1 = [ 0x40, 0x3d1 ]
+    num.words[num.length] = 0;
+    num.words[num.length + 1] = 0;
+    num.length += 2;
+
+    // bounded at: 0x40 * 0x3ffffff + 0x3d0 = 0x100000390
+    var lo = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < num.length; i++) {
+      var w = num.words[i] | 0;
+      lo += w * 0x3d1;
+      num.words[i] = lo & 0x3ffffff;
+      lo = w * 0x40 + ((lo / 0x4000000) | 0);
+    }
+
+    // Fast length reduction
+    if (num.words[num.length - 1] === 0) {
+      num.length--;
+      if (num.words[num.length - 1] === 0) {
+        num.length--;
+      }
+    }
+    return num;
+  };
 
-var inherits = require('inherits')
-var Sha256 = require('./sha256')
-var Hash = require('./hash')
+  function P224 () {
+    MPrime.call(
+      this,
+      'p224',
+      'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff 00000000 00000000 00000001');
+  }
+  inherits(P224, MPrime);
 
-var W = new Array(64)
+  function P192 () {
+    MPrime.call(
+      this,
+      'p192',
+      'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff fffffffe ffffffff ffffffff');
+  }
+  inherits(P192, MPrime);
 
-function Sha224 () {
-  this.init()
+  function P25519 () {
+    // 2 ^ 255 - 19
+    MPrime.call(
+      this,
+      '25519',
+      '7fffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffed');
+  }
+  inherits(P25519, MPrime);
 
-  this._w = W // new Array(64)
+  P25519.prototype.imulK = function imulK (num) {
+    // K = 0x13
+    var carry = 0;
+    for (var i = 0; i < num.length; i++) {
+      var hi = (num.words[i] | 0) * 0x13 + carry;
+      var lo = hi & 0x3ffffff;
+      hi >>>= 26;
 
-  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
-}
+      num.words[i] = lo;
+      carry = hi;
+    }
+    if (carry !== 0) {
+      num.words[num.length++] = carry;
+    }
+    return num;
+  };
 
-inherits(Sha224, Sha256)
+  // Exported mostly for testing purposes, use plain name instead
+  BN._prime = function prime (name) {
+    // Cached version of prime
+    if (primes[name]) return primes[name];
+
+    var prime;
+    if (name === 'k256') {
+      prime = new K256();
+    } else if (name === 'p224') {
+      prime = new P224();
+    } else if (name === 'p192') {
+      prime = new P192();
+    } else if (name === 'p25519') {
+      prime = new P25519();
+    } else {
+      throw new Error('Unknown prime ' + name);
+    }
+    primes[name] = prime;
 
-Sha224.prototype.init = function () {
-  this._a = 0xc1059ed8 | 0
-  this._b = 0x367cd507 | 0
-  this._c = 0x3070dd17 | 0
-  this._d = 0xf70e5939 | 0
-  this._e = 0xffc00b31 | 0
-  this._f = 0x68581511 | 0
-  this._g = 0x64f98fa7 | 0
-  this._h = 0xbefa4fa4 | 0
+    return prime;
+  };
 
-  return this
-}
+  //
+  // Base reduction engine
+  //
+  function Red (m) {
+    if (typeof m === 'string') {
+      var prime = BN._prime(m);
+      this.m = prime.p;
+      this.prime = prime;
+    } else {
+      assert(m.gtn(1), 'modulus must be greater than 1');
+      this.m = m;
+      this.prime = null;
+    }
+  }
 
-Sha224.prototype._hash = function () {
-  var H = new Buffer(28)
+  Red.prototype._verify1 = function _verify1 (a) {
+    assert(a.negative === 0, 'red works only with positives');
+    assert(a.red, 'red works only with red numbers');
+  };
 
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._a, 0)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._b, 4)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._c, 8)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._d, 12)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._e, 16)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._f, 20)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._g, 24)
+  Red.prototype._verify2 = function _verify2 (a, b) {
+    assert((a.negative | b.negative) === 0, 'red works only with positives');
+    assert(a.red && a.red === b.red,
+      'red works only with red numbers');
+  };
 
-  return H
-}
+  Red.prototype.imod = function imod (a) {
+    if (this.prime) return this.prime.ireduce(a)._forceRed(this);
+    return a.umod(this.m)._forceRed(this);
+  };
 
-module.exports = Sha224
+  Red.prototype.neg = function neg (a) {
+    if (a.isZero()) {
+      return a.clone();
+    }
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./hash":37,"./sha256":42,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],42:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-/**
- * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined
- * in FIPS 180-2
- * Version 2.2-beta Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
- * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
- *
- */
+    return this.m.sub(a)._forceRed(this);
+  };
 
-var inherits = require('inherits')
-var Hash = require('./hash')
+  Red.prototype.add = function add (a, b) {
+    this._verify2(a, b);
 
-var K = [
-  0x428A2F98, 0x71374491, 0xB5C0FBCF, 0xE9B5DBA5,
-  0x3956C25B, 0x59F111F1, 0x923F82A4, 0xAB1C5ED5,
-  0xD807AA98, 0x12835B01, 0x243185BE, 0x550C7DC3,
-  0x72BE5D74, 0x80DEB1FE, 0x9BDC06A7, 0xC19BF174,
-  0xE49B69C1, 0xEFBE4786, 0x0FC19DC6, 0x240CA1CC,
-  0x2DE92C6F, 0x4A7484AA, 0x5CB0A9DC, 0x76F988DA,
-  0x983E5152, 0xA831C66D, 0xB00327C8, 0xBF597FC7,
-  0xC6E00BF3, 0xD5A79147, 0x06CA6351, 0x14292967,
-  0x27B70A85, 0x2E1B2138, 0x4D2C6DFC, 0x53380D13,
-  0x650A7354, 0x766A0ABB, 0x81C2C92E, 0x92722C85,
-  0xA2BFE8A1, 0xA81A664B, 0xC24B8B70, 0xC76C51A3,
-  0xD192E819, 0xD6990624, 0xF40E3585, 0x106AA070,
-  0x19A4C116, 0x1E376C08, 0x2748774C, 0x34B0BCB5,
-  0x391C0CB3, 0x4ED8AA4A, 0x5B9CCA4F, 0x682E6FF3,
-  0x748F82EE, 0x78A5636F, 0x84C87814, 0x8CC70208,
-  0x90BEFFFA, 0xA4506CEB, 0xBEF9A3F7, 0xC67178F2
-]
+    var res = a.add(b);
+    if (res.cmp(this.m) >= 0) {
+      res.isub(this.m);
+    }
+    return res._forceRed(this);
+  };
 
-var W = new Array(64)
+  Red.prototype.iadd = function iadd (a, b) {
+    this._verify2(a, b);
 
-function Sha256 () {
-  this.init()
+    var res = a.iadd(b);
+    if (res.cmp(this.m) >= 0) {
+      res.isub(this.m);
+    }
+    return res;
+  };
 
-  this._w = W // new Array(64)
+  Red.prototype.sub = function sub (a, b) {
+    this._verify2(a, b);
 
-  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
-}
+    var res = a.sub(b);
+    if (res.cmpn(0) < 0) {
+      res.iadd(this.m);
+    }
+    return res._forceRed(this);
+  };
 
-inherits(Sha256, Hash)
+  Red.prototype.isub = function isub (a, b) {
+    this._verify2(a, b);
 
-Sha256.prototype.init = function () {
-  this._a = 0x6a09e667 | 0
-  this._b = 0xbb67ae85 | 0
-  this._c = 0x3c6ef372 | 0
-  this._d = 0xa54ff53a | 0
-  this._e = 0x510e527f | 0
-  this._f = 0x9b05688c | 0
-  this._g = 0x1f83d9ab | 0
-  this._h = 0x5be0cd19 | 0
+    var res = a.isub(b);
+    if (res.cmpn(0) < 0) {
+      res.iadd(this.m);
+    }
+    return res;
+  };
 
-  return this
-}
+  Red.prototype.shl = function shl (a, num) {
+    this._verify1(a);
+    return this.imod(a.ushln(num));
+  };
 
-function S (X, n) {
-  return (X >>> n) | (X << (32 - n))
-}
+  Red.prototype.imul = function imul (a, b) {
+    this._verify2(a, b);
+    return this.imod(a.imul(b));
+  };
 
-function R (X, n) {
-  return (X >>> n)
-}
+  Red.prototype.mul = function mul (a, b) {
+    this._verify2(a, b);
+    return this.imod(a.mul(b));
+  };
 
-function Ch (x, y, z) {
-  return ((x & y) ^ ((~x) & z))
-}
+  Red.prototype.isqr = function isqr (a) {
+    return this.imul(a, a.clone());
+  };
 
-function Maj (x, y, z) {
-  return ((x & y) ^ (x & z) ^ (y & z))
-}
+  Red.prototype.sqr = function sqr (a) {
+    return this.mul(a, a);
+  };
 
-function Sigma0256 (x) {
-  return (S(x, 2) ^ S(x, 13) ^ S(x, 22))
-}
+  Red.prototype.sqrt = function sqrt (a) {
+    if (a.isZero()) return a.clone();
 
-function Sigma1256 (x) {
-  return (S(x, 6) ^ S(x, 11) ^ S(x, 25))
-}
+    var mod3 = this.m.andln(3);
+    assert(mod3 % 2 === 1);
 
-function Gamma0256 (x) {
-  return (S(x, 7) ^ S(x, 18) ^ R(x, 3))
-}
+    // Fast case
+    if (mod3 === 3) {
+      var pow = this.m.add(new BN(1)).iushrn(2);
+      return this.pow(a, pow);
+    }
 
-function Gamma1256 (x) {
-  return (S(x, 17) ^ S(x, 19) ^ R(x, 10))
-}
+    // Tonelli-Shanks algorithm (Totally unoptimized and slow)
+    //
+    // Find Q and S, that Q * 2 ^ S = (P - 1)
+    var q = this.m.subn(1);
+    var s = 0;
+    while (!q.isZero() && q.andln(1) === 0) {
+      s++;
+      q.iushrn(1);
+    }
+    assert(!q.isZero());
 
-Sha256.prototype._update = function (M) {
-  var W = this._w
+    var one = new BN(1).toRed(this);
+    var nOne = one.redNeg();
 
-  var a = this._a | 0
-  var b = this._b | 0
-  var c = this._c | 0
-  var d = this._d | 0
-  var e = this._e | 0
-  var f = this._f | 0
-  var g = this._g | 0
-  var h = this._h | 0
+    // Find quadratic non-residue
+    // NOTE: Max is such because of generalized Riemann hypothesis.
+    var lpow = this.m.subn(1).iushrn(1);
+    var z = this.m.bitLength();
+    z = new BN(2 * z * z).toRed(this);
 
-  var j = 0
+    while (this.pow(z, lpow).cmp(nOne) !== 0) {
+      z.redIAdd(nOne);
+    }
 
-  function calcW () { return Gamma1256(W[j - 2]) + W[j - 7] + Gamma0256(W[j - 15]) + W[j - 16] }
-  function loop (w) {
-    W[j] = w
+    var c = this.pow(z, q);
+    var r = this.pow(a, q.addn(1).iushrn(1));
+    var t = this.pow(a, q);
+    var m = s;
+    while (t.cmp(one) !== 0) {
+      var tmp = t;
+      for (var i = 0; tmp.cmp(one) !== 0; i++) {
+        tmp = tmp.redSqr();
+      }
+      assert(i < m);
+      var b = this.pow(c, new BN(1).iushln(m - i - 1));
 
-    var T1 = h + Sigma1256(e) + Ch(e, f, g) + K[j] + w
-    var T2 = Sigma0256(a) + Maj(a, b, c)
+      r = r.redMul(b);
+      c = b.redSqr();
+      t = t.redMul(c);
+      m = i;
+    }
 
-    h = g
-    g = f
-    f = e
-    e = d + T1
-    d = c
-    c = b
-    b = a
-    a = T1 + T2
+    return r;
+  };
 
-    j++
-  }
+  Red.prototype.invm = function invm (a) {
+    var inv = a._invmp(this.m);
+    if (inv.negative !== 0) {
+      inv.negative = 0;
+      return this.imod(inv).redNeg();
+    } else {
+      return this.imod(inv);
+    }
+  };
 
-  while (j < 16) loop(M.readInt32BE(j * 4))
-  while (j < 64) loop(calcW())
+  Red.prototype.pow = function pow (a, num) {
+    if (num.isZero()) return new BN(1);
+    if (num.cmpn(1) === 0) return a.clone();
 
-  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
-  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
-  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
-  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
-  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
-  this._f = (f + this._f) | 0
-  this._g = (g + this._g) | 0
-  this._h = (h + this._h) | 0
-}
+    var windowSize = 4;
+    var wnd = new Array(1 << windowSize);
+    wnd[0] = new BN(1).toRed(this);
+    wnd[1] = a;
+    for (var i = 2; i < wnd.length; i++) {
+      wnd[i] = this.mul(wnd[i - 1], a);
+    }
 
-Sha256.prototype._hash = function () {
-  var H = new Buffer(32)
+    var res = wnd[0];
+    var current = 0;
+    var currentLen = 0;
+    var start = num.bitLength() % 26;
+    if (start === 0) {
+      start = 26;
+    }
 
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._a, 0)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._b, 4)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._c, 8)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._d, 12)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._e, 16)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._f, 20)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._g, 24)
-  H.writeInt32BE(this._h, 28)
+    for (i = num.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      var word = num.words[i];
+      for (var j = start - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+        var bit = (word >> j) & 1;
+        if (res !== wnd[0]) {
+          res = this.sqr(res);
+        }
 
-  return H
-}
+        if (bit === 0 && current === 0) {
+          currentLen = 0;
+          continue;
+        }
 
-module.exports = Sha256
+        current <<= 1;
+        current |= bit;
+        currentLen++;
+        if (currentLen !== windowSize && (i !== 0 || j !== 0)) continue;
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./hash":37,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],43:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var inherits = require('inherits')
-var SHA512 = require('./sha512')
-var Hash = require('./hash')
+        res = this.mul(res, wnd[current]);
+        currentLen = 0;
+        current = 0;
+      }
+      start = 26;
+    }
 
-var W = new Array(160)
+    return res;
+  };
 
-function Sha384 () {
-  this.init()
-  this._w = W
+  Red.prototype.convertTo = function convertTo (num) {
+    var r = num.umod(this.m);
 
-  Hash.call(this, 128, 112)
-}
+    return r === num ? r.clone() : r;
+  };
 
-inherits(Sha384, SHA512)
+  Red.prototype.convertFrom = function convertFrom (num) {
+    var res = num.clone();
+    res.red = null;
+    return res;
+  };
 
-Sha384.prototype.init = function () {
-  this._a = 0xcbbb9d5d | 0
-  this._b = 0x629a292a | 0
-  this._c = 0x9159015a | 0
-  this._d = 0x152fecd8 | 0
-  this._e = 0x67332667 | 0
-  this._f = 0x8eb44a87 | 0
-  this._g = 0xdb0c2e0d | 0
-  this._h = 0x47b5481d | 0
+  //
+  // Montgomery method engine
+  //
 
-  this._al = 0xc1059ed8 | 0
-  this._bl = 0x367cd507 | 0
-  this._cl = 0x3070dd17 | 0
-  this._dl = 0xf70e5939 | 0
-  this._el = 0xffc00b31 | 0
-  this._fl = 0x68581511 | 0
-  this._gl = 0x64f98fa7 | 0
-  this._hl = 0xbefa4fa4 | 0
+  BN.mont = function mont (num) {
+    return new Mont(num);
+  };
 
-  return this
-}
+  function Mont (m) {
+    Red.call(this, m);
 
-Sha384.prototype._hash = function () {
-  var H = new Buffer(48)
+    this.shift = this.m.bitLength();
+    if (this.shift % 26 !== 0) {
+      this.shift += 26 - (this.shift % 26);
+    }
 
-  function writeInt64BE (h, l, offset) {
-    H.writeInt32BE(h, offset)
-    H.writeInt32BE(l, offset + 4)
-  }
+    this.r = new BN(1).iushln(this.shift);
+    this.r2 = this.imod(this.r.sqr());
+    this.rinv = this.r._invmp(this.m);
 
-  writeInt64BE(this._a, this._al, 0)
-  writeInt64BE(this._b, this._bl, 8)
-  writeInt64BE(this._c, this._cl, 16)
-  writeInt64BE(this._d, this._dl, 24)
-  writeInt64BE(this._e, this._el, 32)
-  writeInt64BE(this._f, this._fl, 40)
+    this.minv = this.rinv.mul(this.r).isubn(1).div(this.m);
+    this.minv = this.minv.umod(this.r);
+    this.minv = this.r.sub(this.minv);
+  }
+  inherits(Mont, Red);
 
-  return H
-}
+  Mont.prototype.convertTo = function convertTo (num) {
+    return this.imod(num.ushln(this.shift));
+  };
 
-module.exports = Sha384
+  Mont.prototype.convertFrom = function convertFrom (num) {
+    var r = this.imod(num.mul(this.rinv));
+    r.red = null;
+    return r;
+  };
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./hash":37,"./sha512":44,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],44:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var inherits = require('inherits')
-var Hash = require('./hash')
+  Mont.prototype.imul = function imul (a, b) {
+    if (a.isZero() || b.isZero()) {
+      a.words[0] = 0;
+      a.length = 1;
+      return a;
+    }
 
-var K = [
-  0x428a2f98, 0xd728ae22, 0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd,
-  0xb5c0fbcf, 0xec4d3b2f, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x8189dbbc,
-  0x3956c25b, 0xf348b538, 0x59f111f1, 0xb605d019,
-  0x923f82a4, 0xaf194f9b, 0xab1c5ed5, 0xda6d8118,
-  0xd807aa98, 0xa3030242, 0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe,
-  0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c, 0x550c7dc3, 0xd5ffb4e2,
-  0x72be5d74, 0xf27b896f, 0x80deb1fe, 0x3b1696b1,
-  0x9bdc06a7, 0x25c71235, 0xc19bf174, 0xcf692694,
-  0xe49b69c1, 0x9ef14ad2, 0xefbe4786, 0x384f25e3,
-  0x0fc19dc6, 0x8b8cd5b5, 0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65,
-  0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275, 0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483,
-  0x5cb0a9dc, 0xbd41fbd4, 0x76f988da, 0x831153b5,
-  0x983e5152, 0xee66dfab, 0xa831c66d, 0x2db43210,
-  0xb00327c8, 0x98fb213f, 0xbf597fc7, 0xbeef0ee4,
-  0xc6e00bf3, 0x3da88fc2, 0xd5a79147, 0x930aa725,
-  0x06ca6351, 0xe003826f, 0x14292967, 0x0a0e6e70,
-  0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc, 0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926,
-  0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed, 0x53380d13, 0x9d95b3df,
-  0x650a7354, 0x8baf63de, 0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8,
-  0x81c2c92e, 0x47edaee6, 0x92722c85, 0x1482353b,
-  0xa2bfe8a1, 0x4cf10364, 0xa81a664b, 0xbc423001,
-  0xc24b8b70, 0xd0f89791, 0xc76c51a3, 0x0654be30,
-  0xd192e819, 0xd6ef5218, 0xd6990624, 0x5565a910,
-  0xf40e3585, 0x5771202a, 0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8,
-  0x19a4c116, 0xb8d2d0c8, 0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53,
-  0x2748774c, 0xdf8eeb99, 0x34b0bcb5, 0xe19b48a8,
-  0x391c0cb3, 0xc5c95a63, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0xe3418acb,
-  0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373, 0x682e6ff3, 0xd6b2b8a3,
-  0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc, 0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60,
-  0x84c87814, 0xa1f0ab72, 0x8cc70208, 0x1a6439ec,
-  0x90befffa, 0x23631e28, 0xa4506ceb, 0xde82bde9,
-  0xbef9a3f7, 0xb2c67915, 0xc67178f2, 0xe372532b,
-  0xca273ece, 0xea26619c, 0xd186b8c7, 0x21c0c207,
-  0xeada7dd6, 0xcde0eb1e, 0xf57d4f7f, 0xee6ed178,
-  0x06f067aa, 0x72176fba, 0x0a637dc5, 0xa2c898a6,
-  0x113f9804, 0xbef90dae, 0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b,
-  0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84, 0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493,
-  0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc, 0x431d67c4, 0x9c100d4c,
-  0x4cc5d4be, 0xcb3e42b6, 0x597f299c, 0xfc657e2a,
-  0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec, 0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817
-]
+    var t = a.imul(b);
+    var c = t.maskn(this.shift).mul(this.minv).imaskn(this.shift).mul(this.m);
+    var u = t.isub(c).iushrn(this.shift);
+    var res = u;
 
-var W = new Array(160)
+    if (u.cmp(this.m) >= 0) {
+      res = u.isub(this.m);
+    } else if (u.cmpn(0) < 0) {
+      res = u.iadd(this.m);
+    }
 
-function Sha512 () {
-  this.init()
-  this._w = W
+    return res._forceRed(this);
+  };
 
-  Hash.call(this, 128, 112)
-}
+  Mont.prototype.mul = function mul (a, b) {
+    if (a.isZero() || b.isZero()) return new BN(0)._forceRed(this);
 
-inherits(Sha512, Hash)
+    var t = a.mul(b);
+    var c = t.maskn(this.shift).mul(this.minv).imaskn(this.shift).mul(this.m);
+    var u = t.isub(c).iushrn(this.shift);
+    var res = u;
+    if (u.cmp(this.m) >= 0) {
+      res = u.isub(this.m);
+    } else if (u.cmpn(0) < 0) {
+      res = u.iadd(this.m);
+    }
 
-Sha512.prototype.init = function () {
-  this._a = 0x6a09e667 | 0
-  this._b = 0xbb67ae85 | 0
-  this._c = 0x3c6ef372 | 0
-  this._d = 0xa54ff53a | 0
-  this._e = 0x510e527f | 0
-  this._f = 0x9b05688c | 0
-  this._g = 0x1f83d9ab | 0
-  this._h = 0x5be0cd19 | 0
+    return res._forceRed(this);
+  };
 
-  this._al = 0xf3bcc908 | 0
-  this._bl = 0x84caa73b | 0
-  this._cl = 0xfe94f82b | 0
-  this._dl = 0x5f1d36f1 | 0
-  this._el = 0xade682d1 | 0
-  this._fl = 0x2b3e6c1f | 0
-  this._gl = 0xfb41bd6b | 0
-  this._hl = 0x137e2179 | 0
+  Mont.prototype.invm = function invm (a) {
+    // (AR)^-1 * R^2 = (A^-1 * R^-1) * R^2 = A^-1 * R
+    var res = this.imod(a._invmp(this.m).mul(this.r2));
+    return res._forceRed(this);
+  };
+})(typeof module === 'undefined' || module, this);
 
-  return this
-}
+},{}],34:[function(require,module,exports){
+var r;
 
-function S (X, Xl, n) {
-  return (X >>> n) | (Xl << (32 - n))
-}
+module.exports = function rand(len) {
+  if (!r)
+    r = new Rand(null);
 
-function Ch (x, y, z) {
-  return ((x & y) ^ ((~x) & z))
-}
+  return r.generate(len);
+};
 
-function Maj (x, y, z) {
-  return ((x & y) ^ (x & z) ^ (y & z))
+function Rand(rand) {
+  this.rand = rand;
 }
+module.exports.Rand = Rand;
 
-Sha512.prototype._update = function (M) {
-  var W = this._w
+Rand.prototype.generate = function generate(len) {
+  return this._rand(len);
+};
 
-  var a = this._a | 0
-  var b = this._b | 0
-  var c = this._c | 0
-  var d = this._d | 0
-  var e = this._e | 0
-  var f = this._f | 0
-  var g = this._g | 0
-  var h = this._h | 0
+if (typeof self === 'object') {
+  if (self.crypto && self.crypto.getRandomValues) {
+    // Modern browsers
+    Rand.prototype._rand = function _rand(n) {
+      var arr = new Uint8Array(n);
+      self.crypto.getRandomValues(arr);
+      return arr;
+    };
+  } else if (self.msCrypto && self.msCrypto.getRandomValues) {
+    // IE
+    Rand.prototype._rand = function _rand(n) {
+      var arr = new Uint8Array(n);
+      self.msCrypto.getRandomValues(arr);
+      return arr;
+    };
+  } else {
+    // Old junk
+    Rand.prototype._rand = function() {
+      throw new Error('Not implemented yet');
+    };
+  }
+} else {
+  // Node.js or Web worker with no crypto support
+  try {
+    var crypto = require('crypto');
 
-  var al = this._al | 0
-  var bl = this._bl | 0
-  var cl = this._cl | 0
-  var dl = this._dl | 0
-  var el = this._el | 0
-  var fl = this._fl | 0
-  var gl = this._gl | 0
-  var hl = this._hl | 0
+    Rand.prototype._rand = function _rand(n) {
+      return crypto.randomBytes(n);
+    };
+  } catch (e) {
+    // Emulate crypto API using randy
+    Rand.prototype._rand = function _rand(n) {
+      var res = new Uint8Array(n);
+      for (var i = 0; i < res.length; i++)
+        res[i] = this.rand.getByte();
+      return res;
+    };
+  }
+}
 
-  var i = 0, j = 0
-  var Wi, Wil
-  function calcW () {
-    var x = W[j - 15 * 2]
-    var xl = W[j - 15 * 2 + 1]
-    var gamma0 = S(x, xl, 1) ^ S(x, xl, 8) ^ (x >>> 7)
-    var gamma0l = S(xl, x, 1) ^ S(xl, x, 8) ^ S(xl, x, 7)
+},{"crypto":3}],35:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var Transform = require('stream').Transform
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var StringDecoder = require('string_decoder').StringDecoder
+module.exports = CipherBase
+inherits(CipherBase, Transform)
+function CipherBase (hashMode) {
+  Transform.call(this)
+  this.hashMode = typeof hashMode === 'string'
+  if (this.hashMode) {
+    this[hashMode] = this._finalOrDigest
+  } else {
+    this.final = this._finalOrDigest
+  }
+  this._decoder = null
+  this._encoding = null
+}
+CipherBase.prototype.update = function (data, inputEnc, outputEnc) {
+  if (typeof data === 'string') {
+    data = new Buffer(data, inputEnc)
+  }
+  var outData = this._update(data)
+  if (this.hashMode) {
+    return this
+  }
+  if (outputEnc) {
+    outData = this._toString(outData, outputEnc)
+  }
+  return outData
+}
 
-    x = W[j - 2 * 2]
-    xl = W[j - 2 * 2 + 1]
-    var gamma1 = S(x, xl, 19) ^ S(xl, x, 29) ^ (x >>> 6)
-    var gamma1l = S(xl, x, 19) ^ S(x, xl, 29) ^ S(xl, x, 6)
+CipherBase.prototype.setAutoPadding = function () {}
 
-    // W[i] = gamma0 + W[i - 7] + gamma1 + W[i - 16]
-    var Wi7 = W[j - 7 * 2]
-    var Wi7l = W[j - 7 * 2 + 1]
+CipherBase.prototype.getAuthTag = function () {
+  throw new Error('trying to get auth tag in unsupported state')
+}
 
-    var Wi16 = W[j - 16 * 2]
-    var Wi16l = W[j - 16 * 2 + 1]
+CipherBase.prototype.setAuthTag = function () {
+  throw new Error('trying to set auth tag in unsupported state')
+}
 
-    Wil = gamma0l + Wi7l
-    Wi = gamma0 + Wi7 + ((Wil >>> 0) < (gamma0l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
-    Wil = Wil + gamma1l
-    Wi = Wi + gamma1 + ((Wil >>> 0) < (gamma1l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
-    Wil = Wil + Wi16l
-    Wi = Wi + Wi16 + ((Wil >>> 0) < (Wi16l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+CipherBase.prototype.setAAD = function () {
+  throw new Error('trying to set aad in unsupported state')
+}
+
+CipherBase.prototype._transform = function (data, _, next) {
+  var err
+  try {
+    if (this.hashMode) {
+      this._update(data)
+    } else {
+      this.push(this._update(data))
+    }
+  } catch (e) {
+    err = e
+  } finally {
+    next(err)
+  }
+}
+CipherBase.prototype._flush = function (done) {
+  var err
+  try {
+    this.push(this._final())
+  } catch (e) {
+    err = e
+  } finally {
+    done(err)
+  }
+}
+CipherBase.prototype._finalOrDigest = function (outputEnc) {
+  var outData = this._final() || new Buffer('')
+  if (outputEnc) {
+    outData = this._toString(outData, outputEnc, true)
   }
+  return outData
+}
 
-  function loop () {
-    W[j] = Wi
-    W[j + 1] = Wil
+CipherBase.prototype._toString = function (value, enc, fin) {
+  if (!this._decoder) {
+    this._decoder = new StringDecoder(enc)
+    this._encoding = enc
+  }
+  if (this._encoding !== enc) {
+    throw new Error('can\'t switch encodings')
+  }
+  var out = this._decoder.write(value)
+  if (fin) {
+    out += this._decoder.end()
+  }
+  return out
+}
 
-    var maj = Maj(a, b, c)
-    var majl = Maj(al, bl, cl)
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":5,"inherits":63,"stream":25,"string_decoder":26}],36:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict';
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var md5 = require('./md5')
+var rmd160 = require('ripemd160')
+var sha = require('sha.js')
 
-    var sigma0h = S(a, al, 28) ^ S(al, a, 2) ^ S(al, a, 7)
-    var sigma0l = S(al, a, 28) ^ S(a, al, 2) ^ S(a, al, 7)
-    var sigma1h = S(e, el, 14) ^ S(e, el, 18) ^ S(el, e, 9)
-    var sigma1l = S(el, e, 14) ^ S(el, e, 18) ^ S(e, el, 9)
+var Base = require('cipher-base')
 
-    // t1 = h + sigma1 + ch + K[i] + W[i]
-    var Ki = K[j]
-    var Kil = K[j + 1]
+function HashNoConstructor(hash) {
+  Base.call(this, 'digest')
 
-    var ch = Ch(e, f, g)
-    var chl = Ch(el, fl, gl)
+  this._hash = hash
+  this.buffers = []
+}
 
-    var t1l = hl + sigma1l
-    var t1 = h + sigma1h + ((t1l >>> 0) < (hl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
-    t1l = t1l + chl
-    t1 = t1 + ch + ((t1l >>> 0) < (chl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
-    t1l = t1l + Kil
-    t1 = t1 + Ki + ((t1l >>> 0) < (Kil >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
-    t1l = t1l + Wil
-    t1 = t1 + Wi + ((t1l >>> 0) < (Wil >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+inherits(HashNoConstructor, Base)
 
-    // t2 = sigma0 + maj
-    var t2l = sigma0l + majl
-    var t2 = sigma0h + maj + ((t2l >>> 0) < (sigma0l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)
+HashNoConstructor.prototype._update = function (data) {
+  this.buffers.push(data)
+}
 
-    h = g
-    hl = gl
-    g = f
-    gl = fl
-    f = e
-    fl = el
-    el = (dl + t1l) | 0
-    e = (d + t1 + ((el >>> 0) < (dl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
-    d = c
-    dl = cl
-    c = b
-    cl = bl
-    b = a
-    bl = al
-    al = (t1l + t2l) | 0
-    a = (t1 + t2 + ((al >>> 0) < (t1l >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+HashNoConstructor.prototype._final = function () {
+  var buf = Buffer.concat(this.buffers)
+  var r = this._hash(buf)
+  this.buffers = null
 
-    i++
-    j += 2
-  }
+  return r
+}
 
-  while (i < 16) {
-    Wi = M.readInt32BE(j * 4)
-    Wil = M.readInt32BE(j * 4 + 4)
+function Hash(hash) {
+  Base.call(this, 'digest')
 
-    loop()
-  }
+  this._hash = hash
+}
 
-  while (i < 80) {
-    calcW()
-    loop()
-  }
+inherits(Hash, Base)
 
-  this._al = (this._al + al) | 0
-  this._bl = (this._bl + bl) | 0
-  this._cl = (this._cl + cl) | 0
-  this._dl = (this._dl + dl) | 0
-  this._el = (this._el + el) | 0
-  this._fl = (this._fl + fl) | 0
-  this._gl = (this._gl + gl) | 0
-  this._hl = (this._hl + hl) | 0
+Hash.prototype._update = function (data) {
+  this._hash.update(data)
+}
 
-  this._a = (this._a + a + ((this._al >>> 0) < (al >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
-  this._b = (this._b + b + ((this._bl >>> 0) < (bl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
-  this._c = (this._c + c + ((this._cl >>> 0) < (cl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
-  this._d = (this._d + d + ((this._dl >>> 0) < (dl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
-  this._e = (this._e + e + ((this._el >>> 0) < (el >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
-  this._f = (this._f + f + ((this._fl >>> 0) < (fl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
-  this._g = (this._g + g + ((this._gl >>> 0) < (gl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
-  this._h = (this._h + h + ((this._hl >>> 0) < (hl >>> 0) ? 1 : 0)) | 0
+Hash.prototype._final = function () {
+  return this._hash.digest()
 }
 
-Sha512.prototype._hash = function () {
-  var H = new Buffer(64)
+module.exports = function createHash (alg) {
+  alg = alg.toLowerCase()
+  if ('md5' === alg) return new HashNoConstructor(md5)
+  if ('rmd160' === alg || 'ripemd160' === alg) return new HashNoConstructor(rmd160)
 
-  function writeInt64BE (h, l, offset) {
-    H.writeInt32BE(h, offset)
-    H.writeInt32BE(l, offset + 4)
-  }
+  return new Hash(sha(alg))
+}
 
-  writeInt64BE(this._a, this._al, 0)
-  writeInt64BE(this._b, this._bl, 8)
-  writeInt64BE(this._c, this._cl, 16)
-  writeInt64BE(this._d, this._dl, 24)
-  writeInt64BE(this._e, this._el, 32)
-  writeInt64BE(this._f, this._fl, 40)
-  writeInt64BE(this._g, this._gl, 48)
-  writeInt64BE(this._h, this._hl, 56)
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./md5":38,"buffer":5,"cipher-base":35,"inherits":63,"ripemd160":71,"sha.js":80}],37:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict';
+var intSize = 4;
+var zeroBuffer = new Buffer(intSize); zeroBuffer.fill(0);
+var chrsz = 8;
 
-  return H
+function toArray(buf, bigEndian) {
+  if ((buf.length % intSize) !== 0) {
+    var len = buf.length + (intSize - (buf.length % intSize));
+    buf = Buffer.concat([buf, zeroBuffer], len);
+  }
+
+  var arr = [];
+  var fn = bigEndian ? buf.readInt32BE : buf.readInt32LE;
+  for (var i = 0; i < buf.length; i += intSize) {
+    arr.push(fn.call(buf, i));
+  }
+  return arr;
 }
 
-module.exports = Sha512
+function toBuffer(arr, size, bigEndian) {
+  var buf = new Buffer(size);
+  var fn = bigEndian ? buf.writeInt32BE : buf.writeInt32LE;
+  for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+    fn.call(buf, arr[i], i * 4, true);
+  }
+  return buf;
+}
 
+function hash(buf, fn, hashSize, bigEndian) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) buf = new Buffer(buf);
+  var arr = fn(toArray(buf, bigEndian), buf.length * chrsz);
+  return toBuffer(arr, hashSize, bigEndian);
+}
+exports.hash = hash;
 }).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./hash":37,"buffer":7,"inherits":35}],45:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
+},{"buffer":5}],38:[function(require,module,exports){
 'use strict';
-var createHash = require('create-hash/browser');
-var inherits = require('inherits')
-
-var Transform = require('stream').Transform
+/*
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
+ * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
+ * Version 2.1 Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2002.
+ * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+ * Distributed under the BSD License
+ * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for more info.
+ */
 
-var ZEROS = new Buffer(128)
-ZEROS.fill(0)
+var helpers = require('./helpers');
 
-function Hmac(alg, key) {
-  Transform.call(this)
+/*
+ * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length
+ */
+function core_md5(x, len)
+{
+  /* append padding */
+  x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << ((len) % 32);
+  x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;
 
-  if (typeof key === 'string') {
-    key = new Buffer(key)
-  }
+  var a =  1732584193;
+  var b = -271733879;
+  var c = -1732584194;
+  var d =  271733878;
 
-  var blocksize = (alg === 'sha512' || alg === 'sha384') ? 128 : 64
+  for(var i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16)
+  {
+    var olda = a;
+    var oldb = b;
+    var oldc = c;
+    var oldd = d;
 
-  this._alg = alg
-  this._key = key
+    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 7 , -680876936);
+    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 1], 12, -389564586);
+    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 17,  606105819);
+    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 3], 22, -1044525330);
+    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 7 , -176418897);
+    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 5], 12,  1200080426);
+    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 17, -1473231341);
+    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 7], 22, -45705983);
+    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 7 ,  1770035416);
+    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 9], 12, -1958414417);
+    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 17, -42063);
+    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+11], 22, -1990404162);
+    a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 7 ,  1804603682);
+    d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+13], 12, -40341101);
+    c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 17, -1502002290);
+    b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+15], 22,  1236535329);
 
-  if (key.length > blocksize) {
-    key = createHash(alg).update(key).digest()
+    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 5 , -165796510);
+    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 6], 9 , -1069501632);
+    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 14,  643717713);
+    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 0], 20, -373897302);
+    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 5 , -701558691);
+    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+10], 9 ,  38016083);
+    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 14, -660478335);
+    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 4], 20, -405537848);
+    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 5 ,  568446438);
+    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+14], 9 , -1019803690);
+    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 14, -187363961);
+    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 8], 20,  1163531501);
+    a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 5 , -1444681467);
+    d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 2], 9 , -51403784);
+    c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 14,  1735328473);
+    b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+12], 20, -1926607734);
 
-  } else if (key.length < blocksize) {
-    key = Buffer.concat([key, ZEROS], blocksize)
-  }
+    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 4 , -378558);
+    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 8], 11, -2022574463);
+    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 16,  1839030562);
+    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+14], 23, -35309556);
+    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 4 , -1530992060);
+    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 4], 11,  1272893353);
+    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 16, -155497632);
+    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+10], 23, -1094730640);
+    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 4 ,  681279174);
+    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 0], 11, -358537222);
+    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 16, -722521979);
+    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 6], 23,  76029189);
+    a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 4 , -640364487);
+    d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+12], 11, -421815835);
+    c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 16,  530742520);
+    b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 2], 23, -995338651);
 
-  var ipad = this._ipad = new Buffer(blocksize)
-  var opad = this._opad = new Buffer(blocksize)
+    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 6 , -198630844);
+    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 7], 10,  1126891415);
+    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 15, -1416354905);
+    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 5], 21, -57434055);
+    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 6 ,  1700485571);
+    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 3], 10, -1894986606);
+    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 15, -1051523);
+    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 1], 21, -2054922799);
+    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 6 ,  1873313359);
+    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+15], 10, -30611744);
+    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 15, -1560198380);
+    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+13], 21,  1309151649);
+    a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 6 , -145523070);
+    d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+11], 10, -1120210379);
+    c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 15,  718787259);
+    b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 9], 21, -343485551);
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < blocksize; i++) {
-    ipad[i] = key[i] ^ 0x36
-    opad[i] = key[i] ^ 0x5C
+    a = safe_add(a, olda);
+    b = safe_add(b, oldb);
+    c = safe_add(c, oldc);
+    d = safe_add(d, oldd);
   }
+  return Array(a, b, c, d);
 
-  this._hash = createHash(alg).update(ipad)
 }
 
-inherits(Hmac, Transform)
-
-Hmac.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
-  this._hash.update(data, enc)
-
-  return this
+/*
+ * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
+ */
+function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t)
+{
+  return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s),b);
 }
-
-Hmac.prototype._transform = function (data, _, next) {
-  this._hash.update(data)
-
-  next()
+function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
+{
+  return md5_cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
 }
-
-Hmac.prototype._flush = function (next) {
-  this.push(this.digest())
-
-  next()
+function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
+{
+  return md5_cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
+}
+function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
+{
+  return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
+}
+function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
+{
+  return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
 }
 
-Hmac.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
-  var h = this._hash.digest()
-
-  return createHash(this._alg).update(this._opad).update(h).digest(enc)
+/*
+ * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
+ * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
+ */
+function safe_add(x, y)
+{
+  var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF);
+  var msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
+  return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
 }
 
-module.exports = function createHmac(alg, key) {
-  return new Hmac(alg, key)
+/*
+ * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
+ */
+function bit_rol(num, cnt)
+{
+  return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
 }
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"buffer":7,"create-hash/browser":32,"inherits":46,"stream":26}],46:[function(require,module,exports){
-arguments[4][12][0].apply(exports,arguments)
-},{"dup":12}],47:[function(require,module,exports){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+module.exports = function md5(buf) {
+  return helpers.hash(buf, core_md5, 16);
+};
+},{"./helpers":37}],39:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-var Point = require('./point')
+var elliptic = exports;
 
-function Curve(p, a, b, Gx, Gy, n, h) {
-  this.p = p
-  this.a = a
-  this.b = b
-  this.G = Point.fromAffine(this, Gx, Gy)
-  this.n = n
-  this.h = h
+elliptic.version = require('../package.json').version;
+elliptic.utils = require('./elliptic/utils');
+elliptic.rand = require('brorand');
+elliptic.hmacDRBG = require('./elliptic/hmac-drbg');
+elliptic.curve = require('./elliptic/curve');
+elliptic.curves = require('./elliptic/curves');
 
-  this.infinity = new Point(this, null, null, BigInteger.ZERO)
+// Protocols
+elliptic.ec = require('./elliptic/ec');
+elliptic.eddsa = require('./elliptic/eddsa');
 
-  // result caching
-  this.pOverFour = p.add(BigInteger.ONE).shiftRight(2)
+},{"../package.json":55,"./elliptic/curve":42,"./elliptic/curves":45,"./elliptic/ec":46,"./elliptic/eddsa":49,"./elliptic/hmac-drbg":52,"./elliptic/utils":54,"brorand":34}],40:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
+
+var BN = require('bn.js');
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
+var getNAF = utils.getNAF;
+var getJSF = utils.getJSF;
+var assert = utils.assert;
+
+function BaseCurve(type, conf) {
+  this.type = type;
+  this.p = new BN(conf.p, 16);
+
+  // Use Montgomery, when there is no fast reduction for the prime
+  this.red = conf.prime ? BN.red(conf.prime) : BN.mont(this.p);
+
+  // Useful for many curves
+  this.zero = new BN(0).toRed(this.red);
+  this.one = new BN(1).toRed(this.red);
+  this.two = new BN(2).toRed(this.red);
+
+  // Curve configuration, optional
+  this.n = conf.n && new BN(conf.n, 16);
+  this.g = conf.g && this.pointFromJSON(conf.g, conf.gRed);
+
+  // Temporary arrays
+  this._wnafT1 = new Array(4);
+  this._wnafT2 = new Array(4);
+  this._wnafT3 = new Array(4);
+  this._wnafT4 = new Array(4);
+
+  // Generalized Greg Maxwell's trick
+  var adjustCount = this.n && this.p.div(this.n);
+  if (!adjustCount || adjustCount.cmpn(100) > 0) {
+    this.redN = null;
+  } else {
+    this._maxwellTrick = true;
+    this.redN = this.n.toRed(this.red);
+  }
 }
+module.exports = BaseCurve;
 
-Curve.prototype.pointFromX = function(isOdd, x) {
-  var alpha = x.pow(3).add(this.a.multiply(x)).add(this.b).mod(this.p)
-  var beta = alpha.modPow(this.pOverFour, this.p) // XXX: not compatible with all curves
+BaseCurve.prototype.point = function point() {
+  throw new Error('Not implemented');
+};
 
-  var y = beta
-  if (beta.isEven() ^ !isOdd) {
-    y = this.p.subtract(y) // -y % p
-  }
+BaseCurve.prototype.validate = function validate() {
+  throw new Error('Not implemented');
+};
 
-  return Point.fromAffine(this, x, y)
-}
+BaseCurve.prototype._fixedNafMul = function _fixedNafMul(p, k) {
+  assert(p.precomputed);
+  var doubles = p._getDoubles();
 
-Curve.prototype.isInfinity = function(Q) {
-  if (Q === this.infinity) return true
+  var naf = getNAF(k, 1);
+  var I = (1 << (doubles.step + 1)) - (doubles.step % 2 === 0 ? 2 : 1);
+  I /= 3;
 
-  return Q.z.signum() === 0 && Q.y.signum() !== 0
-}
+  // Translate into more windowed form
+  var repr = [];
+  for (var j = 0; j < naf.length; j += doubles.step) {
+    var nafW = 0;
+    for (var k = j + doubles.step - 1; k >= j; k--)
+      nafW = (nafW << 1) + naf[k];
+    repr.push(nafW);
+  }
 
-Curve.prototype.isOnCurve = function(Q) {
-  if (this.isInfinity(Q)) return true
+  var a = this.jpoint(null, null, null);
+  var b = this.jpoint(null, null, null);
+  for (var i = I; i > 0; i--) {
+    for (var j = 0; j < repr.length; j++) {
+      var nafW = repr[j];
+      if (nafW === i)
+        b = b.mixedAdd(doubles.points[j]);
+      else if (nafW === -i)
+        b = b.mixedAdd(doubles.points[j].neg());
+    }
+    a = a.add(b);
+  }
+  return a.toP();
+};
 
-  var x = Q.affineX
-  var y = Q.affineY
-  var a = this.a
-  var b = this.b
-  var p = this.p
+BaseCurve.prototype._wnafMul = function _wnafMul(p, k) {
+  var w = 4;
 
-  // Check that xQ and yQ are integers in the interval [0, p - 1]
-  if (x.signum() < 0 || x.compareTo(p) >= 0) return false
-  if (y.signum() < 0 || y.compareTo(p) >= 0) return false
+  // Precompute window
+  var nafPoints = p._getNAFPoints(w);
+  w = nafPoints.wnd;
+  var wnd = nafPoints.points;
 
-  // and check that y^2 = x^3 + ax + b (mod p)
-  var lhs = y.square().mod(p)
-  var rhs = x.pow(3).add(a.multiply(x)).add(b).mod(p)
-  return lhs.equals(rhs)
-}
+  // Get NAF form
+  var naf = getNAF(k, w);
 
-/**
- * Validate an elliptic curve point.
- *
- * See SEC 1, section 3.2.2.1: Elliptic Curve Public Key Validation Primitive
- */
-Curve.prototype.validate = function(Q) {
-  // Check Q != O
-  assert(!this.isInfinity(Q), 'Point is at infinity')
-  assert(this.isOnCurve(Q), 'Point is not on the curve')
+  // Add `this`*(N+1) for every w-NAF index
+  var acc = this.jpoint(null, null, null);
+  for (var i = naf.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    // Count zeroes
+    for (var k = 0; i >= 0 && naf[i] === 0; i--)
+      k++;
+    if (i >= 0)
+      k++;
+    acc = acc.dblp(k);
 
-  // Check nQ = O (where Q is a scalar multiple of G)
-  var nQ = Q.multiply(this.n)
-  assert(this.isInfinity(nQ), 'Point is not a scalar multiple of G')
+    if (i < 0)
+      break;
+    var z = naf[i];
+    assert(z !== 0);
+    if (p.type === 'affine') {
+      // J +- P
+      if (z > 0)
+        acc = acc.mixedAdd(wnd[(z - 1) >> 1]);
+      else
+        acc = acc.mixedAdd(wnd[(-z - 1) >> 1].neg());
+    } else {
+      // J +- J
+      if (z > 0)
+        acc = acc.add(wnd[(z - 1) >> 1]);
+      else
+        acc = acc.add(wnd[(-z - 1) >> 1].neg());
+    }
+  }
+  return p.type === 'affine' ? acc.toP() : acc;
+};
 
-  return true
-}
+BaseCurve.prototype._wnafMulAdd = function _wnafMulAdd(defW,
+                                                       points,
+                                                       coeffs,
+                                                       len,
+                                                       jacobianResult) {
+  var wndWidth = this._wnafT1;
+  var wnd = this._wnafT2;
+  var naf = this._wnafT3;
+
+  // Fill all arrays
+  var max = 0;
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    var p = points[i];
+    var nafPoints = p._getNAFPoints(defW);
+    wndWidth[i] = nafPoints.wnd;
+    wnd[i] = nafPoints.points;
+  }
+
+  // Comb small window NAFs
+  for (var i = len - 1; i >= 1; i -= 2) {
+    var a = i - 1;
+    var b = i;
+    if (wndWidth[a] !== 1 || wndWidth[b] !== 1) {
+      naf[a] = getNAF(coeffs[a], wndWidth[a]);
+      naf[b] = getNAF(coeffs[b], wndWidth[b]);
+      max = Math.max(naf[a].length, max);
+      max = Math.max(naf[b].length, max);
+      continue;
+    }
 
-module.exports = Curve
+    var comb = [
+      points[a], /* 1 */
+      null, /* 3 */
+      null, /* 5 */
+      points[b] /* 7 */
+    ];
+
+    // Try to avoid Projective points, if possible
+    if (points[a].y.cmp(points[b].y) === 0) {
+      comb[1] = points[a].add(points[b]);
+      comb[2] = points[a].toJ().mixedAdd(points[b].neg());
+    } else if (points[a].y.cmp(points[b].y.redNeg()) === 0) {
+      comb[1] = points[a].toJ().mixedAdd(points[b]);
+      comb[2] = points[a].add(points[b].neg());
+    } else {
+      comb[1] = points[a].toJ().mixedAdd(points[b]);
+      comb[2] = points[a].toJ().mixedAdd(points[b].neg());
+    }
 
-},{"./point":51,"assert":5,"bigi":3}],48:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports={
-  "secp128r1": {
-    "p": "fffffffdffffffffffffffffffffffff",
-    "a": "fffffffdfffffffffffffffffffffffc",
-    "b": "e87579c11079f43dd824993c2cee5ed3",
-    "n": "fffffffe0000000075a30d1b9038a115",
-    "h": "01",
-    "Gx": "161ff7528b899b2d0c28607ca52c5b86",
-    "Gy": "cf5ac8395bafeb13c02da292dded7a83"
-  },
-  "secp160k1": {
-    "p": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffeffffac73",
-    "a": "00",
-    "b": "07",
-    "n": "0100000000000000000001b8fa16dfab9aca16b6b3",
-    "h": "01",
-    "Gx": "3b4c382ce37aa192a4019e763036f4f5dd4d7ebb",
-    "Gy": "938cf935318fdced6bc28286531733c3f03c4fee"
-  },
-  "secp160r1": {
-    "p": "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff7fffffff",
-    "a": "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff7ffffffc",
-    "b": "1c97befc54bd7a8b65acf89f81d4d4adc565fa45",
-    "n": "0100000000000000000001f4c8f927aed3ca752257",
-    "h": "01",
-    "Gx": "4a96b5688ef573284664698968c38bb913cbfc82",
-    "Gy": "23a628553168947d59dcc912042351377ac5fb32"
-  },
-  "secp192k1": {
-    "p": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffeffffee37",
-    "a": "00",
-    "b": "03",
-    "n": "fffffffffffffffffffffffe26f2fc170f69466a74defd8d",
-    "h": "01",
-    "Gx": "db4ff10ec057e9ae26b07d0280b7f4341da5d1b1eae06c7d",
-    "Gy": "9b2f2f6d9c5628a7844163d015be86344082aa88d95e2f9d"
-  },
-  "secp192r1": {
-    "p": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffeffffffffffffffff",
-    "a": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffffffffffffc",
-    "b": "64210519e59c80e70fa7e9ab72243049feb8deecc146b9b1",
-    "n": "ffffffffffffffffffffffff99def836146bc9b1b4d22831",
-    "h": "01",
-    "Gx": "188da80eb03090f67cbf20eb43a18800f4ff0afd82ff1012",
-    "Gy": "07192b95ffc8da78631011ed6b24cdd573f977a11e794811"
-  },
-  "secp256k1": {
-    "p": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2f",
-    "a": "00",
-    "b": "07",
-    "n": "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffebaaedce6af48a03bbfd25e8cd0364141",
-    "h": "01",
-    "Gx": "79be667ef9dcbbac55a06295ce870b07029bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798",
-    "Gy": "483ada7726a3c4655da4fbfc0e1108a8fd17b448a68554199c47d08ffb10d4b8"
-  },
-  "secp256r1": {
-    "p": "ffffffff00000001000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff",
-    "a": "ffffffff00000001000000000000000000000000fffffffffffffffffffffffc",
-    "b": "5ac635d8aa3a93e7b3ebbd55769886bc651d06b0cc53b0f63bce3c3e27d2604b",
-    "n": "ffffffff00000000ffffffffffffffffbce6faada7179e84f3b9cac2fc632551",
-    "h": "01",
-    "Gx": "6b17d1f2e12c4247f8bce6e563a440f277037d812deb33a0f4a13945d898c296",
-    "Gy": "4fe342e2fe1a7f9b8ee7eb4a7c0f9e162bce33576b315ececbb6406837bf51f5"
+    var index = [
+      -3, /* -1 -1 */
+      -1, /* -1 0 */
+      -5, /* -1 1 */
+      -7, /* 0 -1 */
+      0, /* 0 0 */
+      7, /* 0 1 */
+      5, /* 1 -1 */
+      1, /* 1 0 */
+      3  /* 1 1 */
+    ];
+
+    var jsf = getJSF(coeffs[a], coeffs[b]);
+    max = Math.max(jsf[0].length, max);
+    naf[a] = new Array(max);
+    naf[b] = new Array(max);
+    for (var j = 0; j < max; j++) {
+      var ja = jsf[0][j] | 0;
+      var jb = jsf[1][j] | 0;
+
+      naf[a][j] = index[(ja + 1) * 3 + (jb + 1)];
+      naf[b][j] = 0;
+      wnd[a] = comb;
+    }
   }
-}
 
-},{}],49:[function(require,module,exports){
-var Point = require('./point')
-var Curve = require('./curve')
+  var acc = this.jpoint(null, null, null);
+  var tmp = this._wnafT4;
+  for (var i = max; i >= 0; i--) {
+    var k = 0;
 
-var getCurveByName = require('./names')
+    while (i >= 0) {
+      var zero = true;
+      for (var j = 0; j < len; j++) {
+        tmp[j] = naf[j][i] | 0;
+        if (tmp[j] !== 0)
+          zero = false;
+      }
+      if (!zero)
+        break;
+      k++;
+      i--;
+    }
+    if (i >= 0)
+      k++;
+    acc = acc.dblp(k);
+    if (i < 0)
+      break;
 
-module.exports = {
-  Curve: Curve,
-  Point: Point,
-  getCurveByName: getCurveByName
+    for (var j = 0; j < len; j++) {
+      var z = tmp[j];
+      var p;
+      if (z === 0)
+        continue;
+      else if (z > 0)
+        p = wnd[j][(z - 1) >> 1];
+      else if (z < 0)
+        p = wnd[j][(-z - 1) >> 1].neg();
+
+      if (p.type === 'affine')
+        acc = acc.mixedAdd(p);
+      else
+        acc = acc.add(p);
+    }
+  }
+  // Zeroify references
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
+    wnd[i] = null;
+
+  if (jacobianResult)
+    return acc;
+  else
+    return acc.toP();
+};
+
+function BasePoint(curve, type) {
+  this.curve = curve;
+  this.type = type;
+  this.precomputed = null;
 }
+BaseCurve.BasePoint = BasePoint;
 
-},{"./curve":47,"./names":50,"./point":51}],50:[function(require,module,exports){
-var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+BasePoint.prototype.eq = function eq(/*other*/) {
+  throw new Error('Not implemented');
+};
 
-var curves = require('./curves')
-var Curve = require('./curve')
+BasePoint.prototype.validate = function validate() {
+  return this.curve.validate(this);
+};
 
-function getCurveByName(name) {
-  var curve = curves[name]
-  if (!curve) return null
+BaseCurve.prototype.decodePoint = function decodePoint(bytes, enc) {
+  bytes = utils.toArray(bytes, enc);
 
-  var p = new BigInteger(curve.p, 16)
-  var a = new BigInteger(curve.a, 16)
-  var b = new BigInteger(curve.b, 16)
-  var n = new BigInteger(curve.n, 16)
-  var h = new BigInteger(curve.h, 16)
-  var Gx = new BigInteger(curve.Gx, 16)
-  var Gy = new BigInteger(curve.Gy, 16)
+  var len = this.p.byteLength();
 
-  return new Curve(p, a, b, Gx, Gy, n, h)
-}
+  // uncompressed, hybrid-odd, hybrid-even
+  if ((bytes[0] === 0x04 || bytes[0] === 0x06 || bytes[0] === 0x07) &&
+      bytes.length - 1 === 2 * len) {
+    if (bytes[0] === 0x06)
+      assert(bytes[bytes.length - 1] % 2 === 0);
+    else if (bytes[0] === 0x07)
+      assert(bytes[bytes.length - 1] % 2 === 1);
 
-module.exports = getCurveByName
+    var res =  this.point(bytes.slice(1, 1 + len),
+                          bytes.slice(1 + len, 1 + 2 * len));
 
-},{"./curve":47,"./curves":48,"bigi":3}],51:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+    return res;
+  } else if ((bytes[0] === 0x02 || bytes[0] === 0x03) &&
+              bytes.length - 1 === len) {
+    return this.pointFromX(bytes.slice(1, 1 + len), bytes[0] === 0x03);
+  }
+  throw new Error('Unknown point format');
+};
 
-var THREE = BigInteger.valueOf(3)
+BasePoint.prototype.encodeCompressed = function encodeCompressed(enc) {
+  return this.encode(enc, true);
+};
 
-function Point(curve, x, y, z) {
-  assert.notStrictEqual(z, undefined, 'Missing Z coordinate')
+BasePoint.prototype._encode = function _encode(compact) {
+  var len = this.curve.p.byteLength();
+  var x = this.getX().toArray('be', len);
 
-  this.curve = curve
-  this.x = x
-  this.y = y
-  this.z = z
-  this._zInv = null
+  if (compact)
+    return [ this.getY().isEven() ? 0x02 : 0x03 ].concat(x);
 
-  this.compressed = true
-}
+  return [ 0x04 ].concat(x, this.getY().toArray('be', len)) ;
+};
 
-Object.defineProperty(Point.prototype, 'zInv', {
-  get: function() {
-    if (this._zInv === null) {
-      this._zInv = this.z.modInverse(this.curve.p)
-    }
+BasePoint.prototype.encode = function encode(enc, compact) {
+  return utils.encode(this._encode(compact), enc);
+};
 
-    return this._zInv
-  }
-})
+BasePoint.prototype.precompute = function precompute(power) {
+  if (this.precomputed)
+    return this;
 
-Object.defineProperty(Point.prototype, 'affineX', {
-  get: function() {
-    return this.x.multiply(this.zInv).mod(this.curve.p)
-  }
-})
+  var precomputed = {
+    doubles: null,
+    naf: null,
+    beta: null
+  };
+  precomputed.naf = this._getNAFPoints(8);
+  precomputed.doubles = this._getDoubles(4, power);
+  precomputed.beta = this._getBeta();
+  this.precomputed = precomputed;
 
-Object.defineProperty(Point.prototype, 'affineY', {
-  get: function() {
-    return this.y.multiply(this.zInv).mod(this.curve.p)
-  }
-})
+  return this;
+};
 
-Point.fromAffine = function(curve, x, y) {
-  return new Point(curve, x, y, BigInteger.ONE)
-}
+BasePoint.prototype._hasDoubles = function _hasDoubles(k) {
+  if (!this.precomputed)
+    return false;
 
-Point.prototype.equals = function(other) {
-  if (other === this) return true
-  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return this.curve.isInfinity(other)
-  if (this.curve.isInfinity(other)) return this.curve.isInfinity(this)
+  var doubles = this.precomputed.doubles;
+  if (!doubles)
+    return false;
 
-  // u = Y2 * Z1 - Y1 * Z2
-  var u = other.y.multiply(this.z).subtract(this.y.multiply(other.z)).mod(this.curve.p)
+  return doubles.points.length >= Math.ceil((k.bitLength() + 1) / doubles.step);
+};
 
-  if (u.signum() !== 0) return false
+BasePoint.prototype._getDoubles = function _getDoubles(step, power) {
+  if (this.precomputed && this.precomputed.doubles)
+    return this.precomputed.doubles;
 
-  // v = X2 * Z1 - X1 * Z2
-  var v = other.x.multiply(this.z).subtract(this.x.multiply(other.z)).mod(this.curve.p)
+  var doubles = [ this ];
+  var acc = this;
+  for (var i = 0; i < power; i += step) {
+    for (var j = 0; j < step; j++)
+      acc = acc.dbl();
+    doubles.push(acc);
+  }
+  return {
+    step: step,
+    points: doubles
+  };
+};
 
-  return v.signum() === 0
-}
+BasePoint.prototype._getNAFPoints = function _getNAFPoints(wnd) {
+  if (this.precomputed && this.precomputed.naf)
+    return this.precomputed.naf;
 
-Point.prototype.negate = function() {
-  var y = this.curve.p.subtract(this.y)
+  var res = [ this ];
+  var max = (1 << wnd) - 1;
+  var dbl = max === 1 ? null : this.dbl();
+  for (var i = 1; i < max; i++)
+    res[i] = res[i - 1].add(dbl);
+  return {
+    wnd: wnd,
+    points: res
+  };
+};
 
-  return new Point(this.curve, this.x, y, this.z)
-}
+BasePoint.prototype._getBeta = function _getBeta() {
+  return null;
+};
 
-Point.prototype.add = function(b) {
-  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return b
-  if (this.curve.isInfinity(b)) return this
+BasePoint.prototype.dblp = function dblp(k) {
+  var r = this;
+  for (var i = 0; i < k; i++)
+    r = r.dbl();
+  return r;
+};
 
-  var x1 = this.x
-  var y1 = this.y
-  var x2 = b.x
-  var y2 = b.y
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"bn.js":33}],41:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-  // u = Y2 * Z1 - Y1 * Z2
-  var u = y2.multiply(this.z).subtract(y1.multiply(b.z)).mod(this.curve.p)
-  // v = X2 * Z1 - X1 * Z2
-  var v = x2.multiply(this.z).subtract(x1.multiply(b.z)).mod(this.curve.p)
+var curve = require('../curve');
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var BN = require('bn.js');
+var inherits = require('inherits');
+var Base = curve.base;
 
-  if (v.signum() === 0) {
-    if (u.signum() === 0) {
-      return this.twice() // this == b, so double
-    }
+var assert = elliptic.utils.assert;
 
-    return this.curve.infinity // this = -b, so infinity
-  }
+function EdwardsCurve(conf) {
+  // NOTE: Important as we are creating point in Base.call()
+  this.twisted = (conf.a | 0) !== 1;
+  this.mOneA = this.twisted && (conf.a | 0) === -1;
+  this.extended = this.mOneA;
 
-  var v2 = v.square()
-  var v3 = v2.multiply(v)
-  var x1v2 = x1.multiply(v2)
-  var zu2 = u.square().multiply(this.z)
+  Base.call(this, 'edwards', conf);
 
-  // x3 = v * (z2 * (z1 * u^2 - 2 * x1 * v^2) - v^3)
-  var x3 = zu2.subtract(x1v2.shiftLeft(1)).multiply(b.z).subtract(v3).multiply(v).mod(this.curve.p)
-  // y3 = z2 * (3 * x1 * u * v^2 - y1 * v^3 - z1 * u^3) + u * v^3
-  var y3 = x1v2.multiply(THREE).multiply(u).subtract(y1.multiply(v3)).subtract(zu2.multiply(u)).multiply(b.z).add(u.multiply(v3)).mod(this.curve.p)
-  // z3 = v^3 * z1 * z2
-  var z3 = v3.multiply(this.z).multiply(b.z).mod(this.curve.p)
+  this.a = new BN(conf.a, 16).umod(this.red.m);
+  this.a = this.a.toRed(this.red);
+  this.c = new BN(conf.c, 16).toRed(this.red);
+  this.c2 = this.c.redSqr();
+  this.d = new BN(conf.d, 16).toRed(this.red);
+  this.dd = this.d.redAdd(this.d);
 
-  return new Point(this.curve, x3, y3, z3)
+  assert(!this.twisted || this.c.fromRed().cmpn(1) === 0);
+  this.oneC = (conf.c | 0) === 1;
 }
+inherits(EdwardsCurve, Base);
+module.exports = EdwardsCurve;
 
-Point.prototype.twice = function() {
-  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return this
-  if (this.y.signum() === 0) return this.curve.infinity
+EdwardsCurve.prototype._mulA = function _mulA(num) {
+  if (this.mOneA)
+    return num.redNeg();
+  else
+    return this.a.redMul(num);
+};
 
-  var x1 = this.x
-  var y1 = this.y
+EdwardsCurve.prototype._mulC = function _mulC(num) {
+  if (this.oneC)
+    return num;
+  else
+    return this.c.redMul(num);
+};
 
-  var y1z1 = y1.multiply(this.z)
-  var y1sqz1 = y1z1.multiply(y1).mod(this.curve.p)
-  var a = this.curve.a
+// Just for compatibility with Short curve
+EdwardsCurve.prototype.jpoint = function jpoint(x, y, z, t) {
+  return this.point(x, y, z, t);
+};
 
-  // w = 3 * x1^2 + a * z1^2
-  var w = x1.square().multiply(THREE)
+EdwardsCurve.prototype.pointFromX = function pointFromX(x, odd) {
+  x = new BN(x, 16);
+  if (!x.red)
+    x = x.toRed(this.red);
 
-  if (a.signum() !== 0) {
-    w = w.add(this.z.square().multiply(a))
-  }
+  var x2 = x.redSqr();
+  var rhs = this.c2.redSub(this.a.redMul(x2));
+  var lhs = this.one.redSub(this.c2.redMul(this.d).redMul(x2));
 
-  w = w.mod(this.curve.p)
-  // x3 = 2 * y1 * z1 * (w^2 - 8 * x1 * y1^2 * z1)
-  var x3 = w.square().subtract(x1.shiftLeft(3).multiply(y1sqz1)).shiftLeft(1).multiply(y1z1).mod(this.curve.p)
-  // y3 = 4 * y1^2 * z1 * (3 * w * x1 - 2 * y1^2 * z1) - w^3
-  var y3 = w.multiply(THREE).multiply(x1).subtract(y1sqz1.shiftLeft(1)).shiftLeft(2).multiply(y1sqz1).subtract(w.pow(3)).mod(this.curve.p)
-  // z3 = 8 * (y1 * z1)^3
-  var z3 = y1z1.pow(3).shiftLeft(3).mod(this.curve.p)
+  var y2 = rhs.redMul(lhs.redInvm());
+  var y = y2.redSqrt();
+  if (y.redSqr().redSub(y2).cmp(this.zero) !== 0)
+    throw new Error('invalid point');
 
-  return new Point(this.curve, x3, y3, z3)
-}
+  var isOdd = y.fromRed().isOdd();
+  if (odd && !isOdd || !odd && isOdd)
+    y = y.redNeg();
 
-// Simple NAF (Non-Adjacent Form) multiplication algorithm
-// TODO: modularize the multiplication algorithm
-Point.prototype.multiply = function(k) {
-  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return this
-  if (k.signum() === 0) return this.curve.infinity
+  return this.point(x, y);
+};
 
-  var e = k
-  var h = e.multiply(THREE)
+EdwardsCurve.prototype.pointFromY = function pointFromY(y, odd) {
+  y = new BN(y, 16);
+  if (!y.red)
+    y = y.toRed(this.red);
 
-  var neg = this.negate()
-  var R = this
+  // x^2 = (y^2 - 1) / (d y^2 + 1)
+  var y2 = y.redSqr();
+  var lhs = y2.redSub(this.one);
+  var rhs = y2.redMul(this.d).redAdd(this.one);
+  var x2 = lhs.redMul(rhs.redInvm());
 
-  for (var i = h.bitLength() - 2; i > 0; --i) {
-    R = R.twice()
+  if (x2.cmp(this.zero) === 0) {
+    if (odd)
+      throw new Error('invalid point');
+    else
+      return this.point(this.zero, y);
+  }
 
-    var hBit = h.testBit(i)
-    var eBit = e.testBit(i)
+  var x = x2.redSqrt();
+  if (x.redSqr().redSub(x2).cmp(this.zero) !== 0)
+    throw new Error('invalid point');
 
-    if (hBit != eBit) {
-      R = R.add(hBit ? this : neg)
-    }
-  }
+  if (x.isOdd() !== odd)
+    x = x.redNeg();
 
-  return R
-}
+  return this.point(x, y);
+};
 
-// Compute this*j + x*k (simultaneous multiplication)
-Point.prototype.multiplyTwo = function(j, x, k) {
-  var i
+EdwardsCurve.prototype.validate = function validate(point) {
+  if (point.isInfinity())
+    return true;
 
-  if (j.bitLength() > k.bitLength())
-    i = j.bitLength() - 1
-  else
-    i = k.bitLength() - 1
+  // Curve: A * X^2 + Y^2 = C^2 * (1 + D * X^2 * Y^2)
+  point.normalize();
 
-  var R = this.curve.infinity
-  var both = this.add(x)
+  var x2 = point.x.redSqr();
+  var y2 = point.y.redSqr();
+  var lhs = x2.redMul(this.a).redAdd(y2);
+  var rhs = this.c2.redMul(this.one.redAdd(this.d.redMul(x2).redMul(y2)));
 
-  while (i >= 0) {
-    R = R.twice()
+  return lhs.cmp(rhs) === 0;
+};
 
-    var jBit = j.testBit(i)
-    var kBit = k.testBit(i)
+function Point(curve, x, y, z, t) {
+  Base.BasePoint.call(this, curve, 'projective');
+  if (x === null && y === null && z === null) {
+    this.x = this.curve.zero;
+    this.y = this.curve.one;
+    this.z = this.curve.one;
+    this.t = this.curve.zero;
+    this.zOne = true;
+  } else {
+    this.x = new BN(x, 16);
+    this.y = new BN(y, 16);
+    this.z = z ? new BN(z, 16) : this.curve.one;
+    this.t = t && new BN(t, 16);
+    if (!this.x.red)
+      this.x = this.x.toRed(this.curve.red);
+    if (!this.y.red)
+      this.y = this.y.toRed(this.curve.red);
+    if (!this.z.red)
+      this.z = this.z.toRed(this.curve.red);
+    if (this.t && !this.t.red)
+      this.t = this.t.toRed(this.curve.red);
+    this.zOne = this.z === this.curve.one;
+
+    // Use extended coordinates
+    if (this.curve.extended && !this.t) {
+      this.t = this.x.redMul(this.y);
+      if (!this.zOne)
+        this.t = this.t.redMul(this.z.redInvm());
+    }
+  }
+}
+inherits(Point, Base.BasePoint);
+
+EdwardsCurve.prototype.pointFromJSON = function pointFromJSON(obj) {
+  return Point.fromJSON(this, obj);
+};
 
-    if (jBit) {
-      if (kBit) {
-        R = R.add(both)
+EdwardsCurve.prototype.point = function point(x, y, z, t) {
+  return new Point(this, x, y, z, t);
+};
 
-      } else {
-        R = R.add(this)
-      }
+Point.fromJSON = function fromJSON(curve, obj) {
+  return new Point(curve, obj[0], obj[1], obj[2]);
+};
 
-    } else {
-      if (kBit) {
-        R = R.add(x)
-      }
-    }
-    --i
-  }
+Point.prototype.inspect = function inspect() {
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return '<EC Point Infinity>';
+  return '<EC Point x: ' + this.x.fromRed().toString(16, 2) +
+      ' y: ' + this.y.fromRed().toString(16, 2) +
+      ' z: ' + this.z.fromRed().toString(16, 2) + '>';
+};
 
-  return R
-}
+Point.prototype.isInfinity = function isInfinity() {
+  // XXX This code assumes that zero is always zero in red
+  return this.x.cmpn(0) === 0 &&
+         this.y.cmp(this.z) === 0;
+};
 
-Point.prototype.getEncoded = function(compressed) {
-  if (compressed == undefined) compressed = this.compressed
-  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return new Buffer('00', 'hex') // Infinity point encoded is simply '00'
+Point.prototype._extDbl = function _extDbl() {
+  // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-twisted-extended-1.html
+  //     #doubling-dbl-2008-hwcd
+  // 4M + 4S
+
+  // A = X1^2
+  var a = this.x.redSqr();
+  // B = Y1^2
+  var b = this.y.redSqr();
+  // C = 2 * Z1^2
+  var c = this.z.redSqr();
+  c = c.redIAdd(c);
+  // D = a * A
+  var d = this.curve._mulA(a);
+  // E = (X1 + Y1)^2 - A - B
+  var e = this.x.redAdd(this.y).redSqr().redISub(a).redISub(b);
+  // G = D + B
+  var g = d.redAdd(b);
+  // F = G - C
+  var f = g.redSub(c);
+  // H = D - B
+  var h = d.redSub(b);
+  // X3 = E * F
+  var nx = e.redMul(f);
+  // Y3 = G * H
+  var ny = g.redMul(h);
+  // T3 = E * H
+  var nt = e.redMul(h);
+  // Z3 = F * G
+  var nz = f.redMul(g);
+  return this.curve.point(nx, ny, nz, nt);
+};
 
-  var x = this.affineX
-  var y = this.affineY
+Point.prototype._projDbl = function _projDbl() {
+  // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-twisted-projective.html
+  //     #doubling-dbl-2008-bbjlp
+  //     #doubling-dbl-2007-bl
+  // and others
+  // Generally 3M + 4S or 2M + 4S
+
+  // B = (X1 + Y1)^2
+  var b = this.x.redAdd(this.y).redSqr();
+  // C = X1^2
+  var c = this.x.redSqr();
+  // D = Y1^2
+  var d = this.y.redSqr();
+
+  var nx;
+  var ny;
+  var nz;
+  if (this.curve.twisted) {
+    // E = a * C
+    var e = this.curve._mulA(c);
+    // F = E + D
+    var f = e.redAdd(d);
+    if (this.zOne) {
+      // X3 = (B - C - D) * (F - 2)
+      nx = b.redSub(c).redSub(d).redMul(f.redSub(this.curve.two));
+      // Y3 = F * (E - D)
+      ny = f.redMul(e.redSub(d));
+      // Z3 = F^2 - 2 * F
+      nz = f.redSqr().redSub(f).redSub(f);
+    } else {
+      // H = Z1^2
+      var h = this.z.redSqr();
+      // J = F - 2 * H
+      var j = f.redSub(h).redISub(h);
+      // X3 = (B-C-D)*J
+      nx = b.redSub(c).redISub(d).redMul(j);
+      // Y3 = F * (E - D)
+      ny = f.redMul(e.redSub(d));
+      // Z3 = F * J
+      nz = f.redMul(j);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // E = C + D
+    var e = c.redAdd(d);
+    // H = (c * Z1)^2
+    var h = this.curve._mulC(this.c.redMul(this.z)).redSqr();
+    // J = E - 2 * H
+    var j = e.redSub(h).redSub(h);
+    // X3 = c * (B - E) * J
+    nx = this.curve._mulC(b.redISub(e)).redMul(j);
+    // Y3 = c * E * (C - D)
+    ny = this.curve._mulC(e).redMul(c.redISub(d));
+    // Z3 = E * J
+    nz = e.redMul(j);
+  }
+  return this.curve.point(nx, ny, nz);
+};
 
-  var buffer
+Point.prototype.dbl = function dbl() {
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return this;
 
-  // Determine size of q in bytes
-  var byteLength = Math.floor((this.curve.p.bitLength() + 7) / 8)
+  // Double in extended coordinates
+  if (this.curve.extended)
+    return this._extDbl();
+  else
+    return this._projDbl();
+};
 
-  // 0x02/0x03 | X
-  if (compressed) {
-    buffer = new Buffer(1 + byteLength)
-    buffer.writeUInt8(y.isEven() ? 0x02 : 0x03, 0)
+Point.prototype._extAdd = function _extAdd(p) {
+  // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-twisted-extended-1.html
+  //     #addition-add-2008-hwcd-3
+  // 8M
+
+  // A = (Y1 - X1) * (Y2 - X2)
+  var a = this.y.redSub(this.x).redMul(p.y.redSub(p.x));
+  // B = (Y1 + X1) * (Y2 + X2)
+  var b = this.y.redAdd(this.x).redMul(p.y.redAdd(p.x));
+  // C = T1 * k * T2
+  var c = this.t.redMul(this.curve.dd).redMul(p.t);
+  // D = Z1 * 2 * Z2
+  var d = this.z.redMul(p.z.redAdd(p.z));
+  // E = B - A
+  var e = b.redSub(a);
+  // F = D - C
+  var f = d.redSub(c);
+  // G = D + C
+  var g = d.redAdd(c);
+  // H = B + A
+  var h = b.redAdd(a);
+  // X3 = E * F
+  var nx = e.redMul(f);
+  // Y3 = G * H
+  var ny = g.redMul(h);
+  // T3 = E * H
+  var nt = e.redMul(h);
+  // Z3 = F * G
+  var nz = f.redMul(g);
+  return this.curve.point(nx, ny, nz, nt);
+};
 
-  // 0x04 | X | Y
+Point.prototype._projAdd = function _projAdd(p) {
+  // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-twisted-projective.html
+  //     #addition-add-2008-bbjlp
+  //     #addition-add-2007-bl
+  // 10M + 1S
+
+  // A = Z1 * Z2
+  var a = this.z.redMul(p.z);
+  // B = A^2
+  var b = a.redSqr();
+  // C = X1 * X2
+  var c = this.x.redMul(p.x);
+  // D = Y1 * Y2
+  var d = this.y.redMul(p.y);
+  // E = d * C * D
+  var e = this.curve.d.redMul(c).redMul(d);
+  // F = B - E
+  var f = b.redSub(e);
+  // G = B + E
+  var g = b.redAdd(e);
+  // X3 = A * F * ((X1 + Y1) * (X2 + Y2) - C - D)
+  var tmp = this.x.redAdd(this.y).redMul(p.x.redAdd(p.y)).redISub(c).redISub(d);
+  var nx = a.redMul(f).redMul(tmp);
+  var ny;
+  var nz;
+  if (this.curve.twisted) {
+    // Y3 = A * G * (D - a * C)
+    ny = a.redMul(g).redMul(d.redSub(this.curve._mulA(c)));
+    // Z3 = F * G
+    nz = f.redMul(g);
   } else {
-    buffer = new Buffer(1 + byteLength + byteLength)
-    buffer.writeUInt8(0x04, 0)
+    // Y3 = A * G * (D - C)
+    ny = a.redMul(g).redMul(d.redSub(c));
+    // Z3 = c * F * G
+    nz = this.curve._mulC(f).redMul(g);
+  }
+  return this.curve.point(nx, ny, nz);
+};
+
+Point.prototype.add = function add(p) {
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return p;
+  if (p.isInfinity())
+    return this;
 
-    y.toBuffer(byteLength).copy(buffer, 1 + byteLength)
-  }
+  if (this.curve.extended)
+    return this._extAdd(p);
+  else
+    return this._projAdd(p);
+};
 
-  x.toBuffer(byteLength).copy(buffer, 1)
+Point.prototype.mul = function mul(k) {
+  if (this._hasDoubles(k))
+    return this.curve._fixedNafMul(this, k);
+  else
+    return this.curve._wnafMul(this, k);
+};
 
-  return buffer
-}
+Point.prototype.mulAdd = function mulAdd(k1, p, k2) {
+  return this.curve._wnafMulAdd(1, [ this, p ], [ k1, k2 ], 2, false);
+};
 
-Point.decodeFrom = function(curve, buffer) {
-  var type = buffer.readUInt8(0)
-  var compressed = (type !== 4)
+Point.prototype.jmulAdd = function jmulAdd(k1, p, k2) {
+  return this.curve._wnafMulAdd(1, [ this, p ], [ k1, k2 ], 2, true);
+};
 
-  var byteLength = Math.floor((curve.p.bitLength() + 7) / 8)
-  var x = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(1, 1 + byteLength))
+Point.prototype.normalize = function normalize() {
+  if (this.zOne)
+    return this;
 
-  var Q
-  if (compressed) {
-    assert.equal(buffer.length, byteLength + 1, 'Invalid sequence length')
-    assert(type === 0x02 || type === 0x03, 'Invalid sequence tag')
+  // Normalize coordinates
+  var zi = this.z.redInvm();
+  this.x = this.x.redMul(zi);
+  this.y = this.y.redMul(zi);
+  if (this.t)
+    this.t = this.t.redMul(zi);
+  this.z = this.curve.one;
+  this.zOne = true;
+  return this;
+};
 
-    var isOdd = (type === 0x03)
-    Q = curve.pointFromX(isOdd, x)
+Point.prototype.neg = function neg() {
+  return this.curve.point(this.x.redNeg(),
+                          this.y,
+                          this.z,
+                          this.t && this.t.redNeg());
+};
 
-  } else {
-    assert.equal(buffer.length, 1 + byteLength + byteLength, 'Invalid sequence length')
+Point.prototype.getX = function getX() {
+  this.normalize();
+  return this.x.fromRed();
+};
 
-    var y = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(1 + byteLength))
-    Q = Point.fromAffine(curve, x, y)
-  }
+Point.prototype.getY = function getY() {
+  this.normalize();
+  return this.y.fromRed();
+};
 
-  Q.compressed = compressed
-  return Q
-}
+Point.prototype.eq = function eq(other) {
+  return this === other ||
+         this.getX().cmp(other.getX()) === 0 &&
+         this.getY().cmp(other.getY()) === 0;
+};
 
-Point.prototype.toString = function () {
-  if (this.curve.isInfinity(this)) return '(INFINITY)'
+Point.prototype.eqXToP = function eqXToP(x) {
+  var rx = x.toRed(this.curve.red).redMul(this.z);
+  if (this.x.cmp(rx) === 0)
+    return true;
 
-  return '(' + this.affineX.toString() + ',' + this.affineY.toString() + ')'
-}
+  var xc = x.clone();
+  var t = this.curve.redN.redMul(this.z);
+  for (;;) {
+    xc.iadd(this.curve.n);
+    if (xc.cmp(this.curve.p) >= 0)
+      return false;
 
-module.exports = Point
+    rx.redIAdd(t);
+    if (this.x.cmp(rx) === 0)
+      return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+};
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"assert":5,"bigi":3,"buffer":7}],52:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (process,global,Buffer){
+// Compatibility with BaseCurve
+Point.prototype.toP = Point.prototype.normalize;
+Point.prototype.mixedAdd = Point.prototype.add;
+
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"../curve":42,"bn.js":33,"inherits":63}],42:[function(require,module,exports){
 'use strict';
 
-var crypto = global.crypto || global.msCrypto
-if(crypto && crypto.getRandomValues) {
-  module.exports = randomBytes;
-} else {
-  module.exports = oldBrowser;
-}
-function randomBytes(size, cb) {
-  var bytes = new Buffer(size); //in browserify, this is an extended Uint8Array
-    /* This will not work in older browsers.
-     * See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/window.crypto.getRandomValues
-     */
+var curve = exports;
 
-  crypto.getRandomValues(bytes);
-  if (typeof cb === 'function') {
-    return process.nextTick(function () {
-      cb(null, bytes);
-    });
-  }
-  return bytes;
-}
-function oldBrowser() {
-  throw new Error(
-      'secure random number generation not supported by this browser\n'+
-      'use chrome, FireFox or Internet Explorer 11'
-    )
-}
+curve.base = require('./base');
+curve.short = require('./short');
+curve.mont = require('./mont');
+curve.edwards = require('./edwards');
 
-}).call(this,require('_process'),typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {},require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"_process":14,"buffer":7}],53:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
+},{"./base":40,"./edwards":41,"./mont":43,"./short":44}],43:[function(require,module,exports){
 'use strict';
 
-function getFunctionName(fn) {
-  return fn.name || fn.toString().match(/function (.*?)\s*\(/)[1];
-}
-
-function getTypeTypeName(type) {
-  if (nativeTypes.Function(type)) {
-    type = type.toJSON ? type.toJSON() : getFunctionName(type);
-  }
-  if (nativeTypes.Object(type)) return JSON.stringify(type);
+var curve = require('../curve');
+var BN = require('bn.js');
+var inherits = require('inherits');
+var Base = curve.base;
 
-  return type;
-}
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
 
-function getValueTypeName(value) {
-  if (nativeTypes.Null(value)) return '';
+function MontCurve(conf) {
+  Base.call(this, 'mont', conf);
 
-  return getFunctionName(value.constructor);
+  this.a = new BN(conf.a, 16).toRed(this.red);
+  this.b = new BN(conf.b, 16).toRed(this.red);
+  this.i4 = new BN(4).toRed(this.red).redInvm();
+  this.two = new BN(2).toRed(this.red);
+  this.a24 = this.i4.redMul(this.a.redAdd(this.two));
 }
+inherits(MontCurve, Base);
+module.exports = MontCurve;
 
-function tfErrorString(type, value) {
-  var typeTypeName = getTypeTypeName(type);
-  var valueTypeName = getValueTypeName(value);
+MontCurve.prototype.validate = function validate(point) {
+  var x = point.normalize().x;
+  var x2 = x.redSqr();
+  var rhs = x2.redMul(x).redAdd(x2.redMul(this.a)).redAdd(x);
+  var y = rhs.redSqrt();
 
-  return 'Expected ' + typeTypeName + ', got ' + (valueTypeName && valueTypeName + ' ') + JSON.stringify(value);
-}
+  return y.redSqr().cmp(rhs) === 0;
+};
 
-function tfPropertyErrorString(type, name, value) {
-  return tfErrorString('property \"' + name + '\" of type ' + getTypeTypeName(type), value);
+function Point(curve, x, z) {
+  Base.BasePoint.call(this, curve, 'projective');
+  if (x === null && z === null) {
+    this.x = this.curve.one;
+    this.z = this.curve.zero;
+  } else {
+    this.x = new BN(x, 16);
+    this.z = new BN(z, 16);
+    if (!this.x.red)
+      this.x = this.x.toRed(this.curve.red);
+    if (!this.z.red)
+      this.z = this.z.toRed(this.curve.red);
+  }
 }
+inherits(Point, Base.BasePoint);
 
-var nativeTypes = {
-  Array: (function (_Array) {
-    function Array(_x) {
-      return _Array.apply(this, arguments);
-    }
-
-    Array.toString = function () {
-      return _Array.toString();
-    };
+MontCurve.prototype.decodePoint = function decodePoint(bytes, enc) {
+  return this.point(utils.toArray(bytes, enc), 1);
+};
 
-    return Array;
-  })(function (value) {
-    return value !== null && value !== undefined && value.constructor === Array;
-  }),
-  Boolean: function Boolean(value) {
-    return typeof value === 'boolean';
-  },
-  Buffer: (function (_Buffer) {
-    function Buffer(_x2) {
-      return _Buffer.apply(this, arguments);
-    }
+MontCurve.prototype.point = function point(x, z) {
+  return new Point(this, x, z);
+};
 
-    Buffer.toString = function () {
-      return _Buffer.toString();
-    };
+MontCurve.prototype.pointFromJSON = function pointFromJSON(obj) {
+  return Point.fromJSON(this, obj);
+};
 
-    return Buffer;
-  })(function (value) {
-    return Buffer.isBuffer(value);
-  }),
-  Function: function Function(value) {
-    return typeof value === 'function';
-  },
-  Null: function Null(value) {
-    return value === undefined || value === null;
-  },
-  Number: function Number(value) {
-    return typeof value === 'number';
-  },
-  Object: function Object(value) {
-    return typeof value === 'object';
-  },
-  String: function String(value) {
-    return typeof value === 'string';
-  },
-  '': function _() {
-    return true;
-  }
+Point.prototype.precompute = function precompute() {
+  // No-op
 };
 
-function tJSON(type) {
-  return type && type.toJSON ? type.toJSON() : type;
-}
+Point.prototype._encode = function _encode() {
+  return this.getX().toArray('be', this.curve.p.byteLength());
+};
 
-function sJSON(type) {
-  var json = tJSON(type);
-  return nativeTypes.Object(json) ? JSON.stringify(json) : json;
-}
+Point.fromJSON = function fromJSON(curve, obj) {
+  return new Point(curve, obj[0], obj[1] || curve.one);
+};
 
-var otherTypes = {
-  arrayOf: function arrayOf(type) {
-    function arrayOf(value, strict) {
-      try {
-        return nativeTypes.Array(value) && value.every(function (x) {
-          return typeforce(type, x, strict);
-        });
-      } catch (e) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-    arrayOf.toJSON = function () {
-      return [tJSON(type)];
-    };
+Point.prototype.inspect = function inspect() {
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return '<EC Point Infinity>';
+  return '<EC Point x: ' + this.x.fromRed().toString(16, 2) +
+      ' z: ' + this.z.fromRed().toString(16, 2) + '>';
+};
 
-    return arrayOf;
-  },
+Point.prototype.isInfinity = function isInfinity() {
+  // XXX This code assumes that zero is always zero in red
+  return this.z.cmpn(0) === 0;
+};
 
-  maybe: function maybe(type) {
-    function maybe(value, strict) {
-      return nativeTypes.Null(value) || typeforce(type, value, strict);
-    }
-    maybe.toJSON = function () {
-      return '?' + sJSON(type);
-    };
+Point.prototype.dbl = function dbl() {
+  // http://hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-montgom-xz.html#doubling-dbl-1987-m-3
+  // 2M + 2S + 4A
+
+  // A = X1 + Z1
+  var a = this.x.redAdd(this.z);
+  // AA = A^2
+  var aa = a.redSqr();
+  // B = X1 - Z1
+  var b = this.x.redSub(this.z);
+  // BB = B^2
+  var bb = b.redSqr();
+  // C = AA - BB
+  var c = aa.redSub(bb);
+  // X3 = AA * BB
+  var nx = aa.redMul(bb);
+  // Z3 = C * (BB + A24 * C)
+  var nz = c.redMul(bb.redAdd(this.curve.a24.redMul(c)));
+  return this.curve.point(nx, nz);
+};
 
-    return maybe;
-  },
+Point.prototype.add = function add() {
+  throw new Error('Not supported on Montgomery curve');
+};
 
-  object: function object(type) {
-    function object(value, strict) {
-      typeforce(nativeTypes.Object, value, strict);
+Point.prototype.diffAdd = function diffAdd(p, diff) {
+  // http://hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-montgom-xz.html#diffadd-dadd-1987-m-3
+  // 4M + 2S + 6A
+
+  // A = X2 + Z2
+  var a = this.x.redAdd(this.z);
+  // B = X2 - Z2
+  var b = this.x.redSub(this.z);
+  // C = X3 + Z3
+  var c = p.x.redAdd(p.z);
+  // D = X3 - Z3
+  var d = p.x.redSub(p.z);
+  // DA = D * A
+  var da = d.redMul(a);
+  // CB = C * B
+  var cb = c.redMul(b);
+  // X5 = Z1 * (DA + CB)^2
+  var nx = diff.z.redMul(da.redAdd(cb).redSqr());
+  // Z5 = X1 * (DA - CB)^2
+  var nz = diff.x.redMul(da.redISub(cb).redSqr());
+  return this.curve.point(nx, nz);
+};
 
-      var propertyName, propertyType, propertyValue;
+Point.prototype.mul = function mul(k) {
+  var t = k.clone();
+  var a = this; // (N / 2) * Q + Q
+  var b = this.curve.point(null, null); // (N / 2) * Q
+  var c = this; // Q
+
+  for (var bits = []; t.cmpn(0) !== 0; t.iushrn(1))
+    bits.push(t.andln(1));
+
+  for (var i = bits.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    if (bits[i] === 0) {
+      // N * Q + Q = ((N / 2) * Q + Q)) + (N / 2) * Q
+      a = a.diffAdd(b, c);
+      // N * Q = 2 * ((N / 2) * Q + Q))
+      b = b.dbl();
+    } else {
+      // N * Q = ((N / 2) * Q + Q) + ((N / 2) * Q)
+      b = a.diffAdd(b, c);
+      // N * Q + Q = 2 * ((N / 2) * Q + Q)
+      a = a.dbl();
+    }
+  }
+  return b;
+};
 
-      try {
-        for (propertyName in type) {
-          propertyType = type[propertyName];
-          propertyValue = value[propertyName];
+Point.prototype.mulAdd = function mulAdd() {
+  throw new Error('Not supported on Montgomery curve');
+};
 
-          typeforce(propertyType, propertyValue, strict);
-        }
-      } catch (e) {
-        throw new TypeError(tfPropertyErrorString(propertyType, propertyName, propertyValue));
-      }
+Point.prototype.jumlAdd = function jumlAdd() {
+  throw new Error('Not supported on Montgomery curve');
+};
 
-      if (strict) {
-        for (propertyName in value) {
-          if (type[propertyName]) continue;
+Point.prototype.eq = function eq(other) {
+  return this.getX().cmp(other.getX()) === 0;
+};
 
-          throw new TypeError('Unexpected property "' + propertyName + '"');
-        }
-      }
+Point.prototype.normalize = function normalize() {
+  this.x = this.x.redMul(this.z.redInvm());
+  this.z = this.curve.one;
+  return this;
+};
 
-      return true;
-    }
-    object.toJSON = function () {
-      return type;
-    };
+Point.prototype.getX = function getX() {
+  // Normalize coordinates
+  this.normalize();
 
-    return object;
-  },
+  return this.x.fromRed();
+};
 
-  oneOf: function oneOf() {
-    for (var _len = arguments.length, types = Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) {
-      types[_key] = arguments[_key];
-    }
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"../curve":42,"bn.js":33,"inherits":63}],44:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-    function oneOf(value, strict) {
-      return types.some(function (type) {
-        try {
-          return typeforce(type, value, strict);
-        } catch (e) {
-          return false;
-        }
-      });
-    }
-    oneOf.toJSON = function () {
-      return types.map(sJSON).join('|');
-    };
+var curve = require('../curve');
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var BN = require('bn.js');
+var inherits = require('inherits');
+var Base = curve.base;
 
-    return oneOf;
-  },
+var assert = elliptic.utils.assert;
 
-  quacksLike: function quacksLike(type) {
-    function quacksLike(value, strict) {
-      return type === getValueTypeName(value);
-    }
-    quacksLike.toJSON = function () {
-      return type;
-    };
+function ShortCurve(conf) {
+  Base.call(this, 'short', conf);
 
-    return quacksLike;
-  },
+  this.a = new BN(conf.a, 16).toRed(this.red);
+  this.b = new BN(conf.b, 16).toRed(this.red);
+  this.tinv = this.two.redInvm();
 
-  tuple: function tuple() {
-    for (var _len2 = arguments.length, types = Array(_len2), _key2 = 0; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
-      types[_key2] = arguments[_key2];
-    }
+  this.zeroA = this.a.fromRed().cmpn(0) === 0;
+  this.threeA = this.a.fromRed().sub(this.p).cmpn(-3) === 0;
 
-    function tuple(value, strict) {
-      return types.every(function (type, i) {
-        return typeforce(type, value[i], strict);
-      });
-    }
-    tuple.toJSON = function () {
-      return '(' + types.map(sJSON).join(', ') + ')';
-    };
+  // If the curve is endomorphic, precalculate beta and lambda
+  this.endo = this._getEndomorphism(conf);
+  this._endoWnafT1 = new Array(4);
+  this._endoWnafT2 = new Array(4);
+}
+inherits(ShortCurve, Base);
+module.exports = ShortCurve;
 
-    return tuple;
-  },
+ShortCurve.prototype._getEndomorphism = function _getEndomorphism(conf) {
+  // No efficient endomorphism
+  if (!this.zeroA || !this.g || !this.n || this.p.modn(3) !== 1)
+    return;
 
-  value: function value(expected) {
-    function value(actual) {
-      return actual === expected;
+  // Compute beta and lambda, that lambda * P = (beta * Px; Py)
+  var beta;
+  var lambda;
+  if (conf.beta) {
+    beta = new BN(conf.beta, 16).toRed(this.red);
+  } else {
+    var betas = this._getEndoRoots(this.p);
+    // Choose the smallest beta
+    beta = betas[0].cmp(betas[1]) < 0 ? betas[0] : betas[1];
+    beta = beta.toRed(this.red);
+  }
+  if (conf.lambda) {
+    lambda = new BN(conf.lambda, 16);
+  } else {
+    // Choose the lambda that is matching selected beta
+    var lambdas = this._getEndoRoots(this.n);
+    if (this.g.mul(lambdas[0]).x.cmp(this.g.x.redMul(beta)) === 0) {
+      lambda = lambdas[0];
+    } else {
+      lambda = lambdas[1];
+      assert(this.g.mul(lambda).x.cmp(this.g.x.redMul(beta)) === 0);
     }
-    value.toJSON = function () {
-      return expected;
-    };
+  }
 
-    return value;
+  // Get basis vectors, used for balanced length-two representation
+  var basis;
+  if (conf.basis) {
+    basis = conf.basis.map(function(vec) {
+      return {
+        a: new BN(vec.a, 16),
+        b: new BN(vec.b, 16)
+      };
+    });
+  } else {
+    basis = this._getEndoBasis(lambda);
   }
+
+  return {
+    beta: beta,
+    lambda: lambda,
+    basis: basis
+  };
 };
 
-function compile(type) {
-  if (nativeTypes.String(type)) {
-    if (type[0] === '?') return otherTypes.maybe(compile(type.slice(1)));
+ShortCurve.prototype._getEndoRoots = function _getEndoRoots(num) {
+  // Find roots of for x^2 + x + 1 in F
+  // Root = (-1 +- Sqrt(-3)) / 2
+  //
+  var red = num === this.p ? this.red : BN.mont(num);
+  var tinv = new BN(2).toRed(red).redInvm();
+  var ntinv = tinv.redNeg();
 
-    return nativeTypes[type] || otherTypes.quacksLike(type);
-  } else if (type && nativeTypes.Object(type)) {
-    if (nativeTypes.Array(type)) return otherTypes.arrayOf(compile(type[0]));
+  var s = new BN(3).toRed(red).redNeg().redSqrt().redMul(tinv);
 
-    var compiled = {};
+  var l1 = ntinv.redAdd(s).fromRed();
+  var l2 = ntinv.redSub(s).fromRed();
+  return [ l1, l2 ];
+};
 
-    for (var propertyName in type) {
-      compiled[propertyName] = compile(type[propertyName]);
+ShortCurve.prototype._getEndoBasis = function _getEndoBasis(lambda) {
+  // aprxSqrt >= sqrt(this.n)
+  var aprxSqrt = this.n.ushrn(Math.floor(this.n.bitLength() / 2));
+
+  // 3.74
+  // Run EGCD, until r(L + 1) < aprxSqrt
+  var u = lambda;
+  var v = this.n.clone();
+  var x1 = new BN(1);
+  var y1 = new BN(0);
+  var x2 = new BN(0);
+  var y2 = new BN(1);
+
+  // NOTE: all vectors are roots of: a + b * lambda = 0 (mod n)
+  var a0;
+  var b0;
+  // First vector
+  var a1;
+  var b1;
+  // Second vector
+  var a2;
+  var b2;
+
+  var prevR;
+  var i = 0;
+  var r;
+  var x;
+  while (u.cmpn(0) !== 0) {
+    var q = v.div(u);
+    r = v.sub(q.mul(u));
+    x = x2.sub(q.mul(x1));
+    var y = y2.sub(q.mul(y1));
+
+    if (!a1 && r.cmp(aprxSqrt) < 0) {
+      a0 = prevR.neg();
+      b0 = x1;
+      a1 = r.neg();
+      b1 = x;
+    } else if (a1 && ++i === 2) {
+      break;
     }
+    prevR = r;
 
-    return otherTypes.object(compiled);
-  } else if (nativeTypes.Function(type)) {
-    return type;
+    v = u;
+    u = r;
+    x2 = x1;
+    x1 = x;
+    y2 = y1;
+    y1 = y;
   }
+  a2 = r.neg();
+  b2 = x;
 
-  return otherTypes.value(type);
-}
+  var len1 = a1.sqr().add(b1.sqr());
+  var len2 = a2.sqr().add(b2.sqr());
+  if (len2.cmp(len1) >= 0) {
+    a2 = a0;
+    b2 = b0;
+  }
 
-function typeforce(_x3, _x4, _x5) {
-  var _again = true;
+  // Normalize signs
+  if (a1.negative) {
+    a1 = a1.neg();
+    b1 = b1.neg();
+  }
+  if (a2.negative) {
+    a2 = a2.neg();
+    b2 = b2.neg();
+  }
 
-  _function: while (_again) {
-    var type = _x3,
-        value = _x4,
-        strict = _x5;
-    _again = false;
+  return [
+    { a: a1, b: b1 },
+    { a: a2, b: b2 }
+  ];
+};
 
-    if (nativeTypes.Function(type)) {
-      if (type(value, strict)) return true;
+ShortCurve.prototype._endoSplit = function _endoSplit(k) {
+  var basis = this.endo.basis;
+  var v1 = basis[0];
+  var v2 = basis[1];
 
-      throw new TypeError(tfErrorString(type, value));
-    }
+  var c1 = v2.b.mul(k).divRound(this.n);
+  var c2 = v1.b.neg().mul(k).divRound(this.n);
 
-    // JIT
-    _x3 = compile(type);
-    _x4 = value;
-    _x5 = strict;
-    _again = true;
-    continue _function;
-  }
-}
+  var p1 = c1.mul(v1.a);
+  var p2 = c2.mul(v2.a);
+  var q1 = c1.mul(v1.b);
+  var q2 = c2.mul(v2.b);
 
-// assign all types to typeforce function
-var typeName;
-Object.keys(nativeTypes).forEach(function (typeName) {
-  var nativeType = nativeTypes[typeName];
-  nativeType.toJSON = function () {
-    return typeName;
-  };
+  // Calculate answer
+  var k1 = k.sub(p1).sub(p2);
+  var k2 = q1.add(q2).neg();
+  return { k1: k1, k2: k2 };
+};
 
-  typeforce[typeName] = nativeType;
-});
+ShortCurve.prototype.pointFromX = function pointFromX(x, odd) {
+  x = new BN(x, 16);
+  if (!x.red)
+    x = x.toRed(this.red);
 
-for (typeName in otherTypes) {
-  typeforce[typeName] = otherTypes[typeName];
-}
+  var y2 = x.redSqr().redMul(x).redIAdd(x.redMul(this.a)).redIAdd(this.b);
+  var y = y2.redSqrt();
+  if (y.redSqr().redSub(y2).cmp(this.zero) !== 0)
+    throw new Error('invalid point');
 
-module.exports = typeforce;
-module.exports.compile = compile;
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"buffer":7}],54:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var base58check = require('bs58check')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
-var networks = require('./networks')
-var scripts = require('./scripts')
+  // XXX Is there any way to tell if the number is odd without converting it
+  // to non-red form?
+  var isOdd = y.fromRed().isOdd();
+  if (odd && !isOdd || !odd && isOdd)
+    y = y.redNeg();
 
-function findScriptTypeByVersion (version) {
-  for (var networkName in networks) {
-    var network = networks[networkName]
+  return this.point(x, y);
+};
 
-    if (version === network.pubKeyHash) return 'pubkeyhash'
-    if (version === network.scriptHash) return 'scripthash'
+ShortCurve.prototype.validate = function validate(point) {
+  if (point.inf)
+    return true;
+
+  var x = point.x;
+  var y = point.y;
+
+  var ax = this.a.redMul(x);
+  var rhs = x.redSqr().redMul(x).redIAdd(ax).redIAdd(this.b);
+  return y.redSqr().redISub(rhs).cmpn(0) === 0;
+};
+
+ShortCurve.prototype._endoWnafMulAdd =
+    function _endoWnafMulAdd(points, coeffs, jacobianResult) {
+  var npoints = this._endoWnafT1;
+  var ncoeffs = this._endoWnafT2;
+  for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+    var split = this._endoSplit(coeffs[i]);
+    var p = points[i];
+    var beta = p._getBeta();
+
+    if (split.k1.negative) {
+      split.k1.ineg();
+      p = p.neg(true);
+    }
+    if (split.k2.negative) {
+      split.k2.ineg();
+      beta = beta.neg(true);
+    }
+
+    npoints[i * 2] = p;
+    npoints[i * 2 + 1] = beta;
+    ncoeffs[i * 2] = split.k1;
+    ncoeffs[i * 2 + 1] = split.k2;
+  }
+  var res = this._wnafMulAdd(1, npoints, ncoeffs, i * 2, jacobianResult);
+
+  // Clean-up references to points and coefficients
+  for (var j = 0; j < i * 2; j++) {
+    npoints[j] = null;
+    ncoeffs[j] = null;
+  }
+  return res;
+};
+
+function Point(curve, x, y, isRed) {
+  Base.BasePoint.call(this, curve, 'affine');
+  if (x === null && y === null) {
+    this.x = null;
+    this.y = null;
+    this.inf = true;
+  } else {
+    this.x = new BN(x, 16);
+    this.y = new BN(y, 16);
+    // Force redgomery representation when loading from JSON
+    if (isRed) {
+      this.x.forceRed(this.curve.red);
+      this.y.forceRed(this.curve.red);
+    }
+    if (!this.x.red)
+      this.x = this.x.toRed(this.curve.red);
+    if (!this.y.red)
+      this.y = this.y.toRed(this.curve.red);
+    this.inf = false;
   }
 }
+inherits(Point, Base.BasePoint);
 
-function Address (hash, version) {
-  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
+ShortCurve.prototype.point = function point(x, y, isRed) {
+  return new Point(this, x, y, isRed);
+};
 
-  assert.strictEqual(hash.length, 20, 'Invalid hash length')
-  assert.strictEqual(version & 0xff, version, 'Invalid version byte')
+ShortCurve.prototype.pointFromJSON = function pointFromJSON(obj, red) {
+  return Point.fromJSON(this, obj, red);
+};
 
-  this.hash = hash
-  this.version = version
-}
+Point.prototype._getBeta = function _getBeta() {
+  if (!this.curve.endo)
+    return;
 
-Address.fromBase58Check = function (string) {
-  var payload = base58check.decode(string)
-  var version = payload.readUInt8(0)
-  var hash = payload.slice(1)
+  var pre = this.precomputed;
+  if (pre && pre.beta)
+    return pre.beta;
 
-  return new Address(hash, version)
-}
+  var beta = this.curve.point(this.x.redMul(this.curve.endo.beta), this.y);
+  if (pre) {
+    var curve = this.curve;
+    var endoMul = function(p) {
+      return curve.point(p.x.redMul(curve.endo.beta), p.y);
+    };
+    pre.beta = beta;
+    beta.precomputed = {
+      beta: null,
+      naf: pre.naf && {
+        wnd: pre.naf.wnd,
+        points: pre.naf.points.map(endoMul)
+      },
+      doubles: pre.doubles && {
+        step: pre.doubles.step,
+        points: pre.doubles.points.map(endoMul)
+      }
+    };
+  }
+  return beta;
+};
 
-Address.fromOutputScript = function (script, network) {
-  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+Point.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON() {
+  if (!this.precomputed)
+    return [ this.x, this.y ];
 
-  if (scripts.isPubKeyHashOutput(script)) return new Address(script.chunks[2], network.pubKeyHash)
-  if (scripts.isScriptHashOutput(script)) return new Address(script.chunks[1], network.scriptHash)
+  return [ this.x, this.y, this.precomputed && {
+    doubles: this.precomputed.doubles && {
+      step: this.precomputed.doubles.step,
+      points: this.precomputed.doubles.points.slice(1)
+    },
+    naf: this.precomputed.naf && {
+      wnd: this.precomputed.naf.wnd,
+      points: this.precomputed.naf.points.slice(1)
+    }
+  } ];
+};
 
-  assert(false, script.toASM() + ' has no matching Address')
-}
+Point.fromJSON = function fromJSON(curve, obj, red) {
+  if (typeof obj === 'string')
+    obj = JSON.parse(obj);
+  var res = curve.point(obj[0], obj[1], red);
+  if (!obj[2])
+    return res;
 
-Address.prototype.toBase58Check = function () {
-  var payload = new Buffer(21)
-  payload.writeUInt8(this.version, 0)
-  this.hash.copy(payload, 1)
+  function obj2point(obj) {
+    return curve.point(obj[0], obj[1], red);
+  }
 
-  return base58check.encode(payload)
-}
+  var pre = obj[2];
+  res.precomputed = {
+    beta: null,
+    doubles: pre.doubles && {
+      step: pre.doubles.step,
+      points: [ res ].concat(pre.doubles.points.map(obj2point))
+    },
+    naf: pre.naf && {
+      wnd: pre.naf.wnd,
+      points: [ res ].concat(pre.naf.points.map(obj2point))
+    }
+  };
+  return res;
+};
 
-Address.prototype.toOutputScript = function () {
-  var scriptType = findScriptTypeByVersion(this.version)
+Point.prototype.inspect = function inspect() {
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return '<EC Point Infinity>';
+  return '<EC Point x: ' + this.x.fromRed().toString(16, 2) +
+      ' y: ' + this.y.fromRed().toString(16, 2) + '>';
+};
 
-  if (scriptType === 'pubkeyhash') return scripts.pubKeyHashOutput(this.hash)
-  if (scriptType === 'scripthash') return scripts.scriptHashOutput(this.hash)
+Point.prototype.isInfinity = function isInfinity() {
+  return this.inf;
+};
 
-  assert(false, this.toString() + ' has no matching Script')
-}
+Point.prototype.add = function add(p) {
+  // O + P = P
+  if (this.inf)
+    return p;
 
-Address.prototype.toString = Address.prototype.toBase58Check
+  // P + O = P
+  if (p.inf)
+    return this;
 
-module.exports = Address
+  // P + P = 2P
+  if (this.eq(p))
+    return this.dbl();
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./networks":66,"./scripts":69,"assert":5,"bs58check":31,"buffer":7,"typeforce":53}],55:[function(require,module,exports){
-var bs58check = require('bs58check')
+  // P + (-P) = O
+  if (this.neg().eq(p))
+    return this.curve.point(null, null);
 
-function decode () {
-  console.warn('bs58check will be removed in 2.0.0. require("bs58check") instead.')
+  // P + Q = O
+  if (this.x.cmp(p.x) === 0)
+    return this.curve.point(null, null);
 
-  return bs58check.decode.apply(undefined, arguments)
-}
+  var c = this.y.redSub(p.y);
+  if (c.cmpn(0) !== 0)
+    c = c.redMul(this.x.redSub(p.x).redInvm());
+  var nx = c.redSqr().redISub(this.x).redISub(p.x);
+  var ny = c.redMul(this.x.redSub(nx)).redISub(this.y);
+  return this.curve.point(nx, ny);
+};
 
-function encode () {
-  console.warn('bs58check will be removed in 2.0.0. require("bs58check") instead.')
+Point.prototype.dbl = function dbl() {
+  if (this.inf)
+    return this;
 
-  return bs58check.encode.apply(undefined, arguments)
-}
+  // 2P = O
+  var ys1 = this.y.redAdd(this.y);
+  if (ys1.cmpn(0) === 0)
+    return this.curve.point(null, null);
 
-module.exports = {
-  decode: decode,
-  encode: encode
-}
+  var a = this.curve.a;
 
-},{"bs58check":31}],56:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
-var crypto = require('./crypto')
+  var x2 = this.x.redSqr();
+  var dyinv = ys1.redInvm();
+  var c = x2.redAdd(x2).redIAdd(x2).redIAdd(a).redMul(dyinv);
 
-var Transaction = require('./transaction')
+  var nx = c.redSqr().redISub(this.x.redAdd(this.x));
+  var ny = c.redMul(this.x.redSub(nx)).redISub(this.y);
+  return this.curve.point(nx, ny);
+};
 
-function Block () {
-  this.version = 1
-  this.prevHash = null
-  this.merkleRoot = null
-  this.timestamp = 0
-  this.bits = 0
-  this.nonce = 0
-}
+Point.prototype.getX = function getX() {
+  return this.x.fromRed();
+};
 
-Block.fromBuffer = function (buffer) {
-  assert(buffer.length >= 80, 'Buffer too small (< 80 bytes)')
+Point.prototype.getY = function getY() {
+  return this.y.fromRed();
+};
 
-  var offset = 0
-  function readSlice (n) {
-    offset += n
-    return buffer.slice(offset - n, offset)
-  }
+Point.prototype.mul = function mul(k) {
+  k = new BN(k, 16);
 
-  function readUInt32 () {
-    var i = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset)
-    offset += 4
-    return i
-  }
+  if (this._hasDoubles(k))
+    return this.curve._fixedNafMul(this, k);
+  else if (this.curve.endo)
+    return this.curve._endoWnafMulAdd([ this ], [ k ]);
+  else
+    return this.curve._wnafMul(this, k);
+};
 
-  var block = new Block()
-  block.version = readUInt32()
-  block.prevHash = readSlice(32)
-  block.merkleRoot = readSlice(32)
-  block.timestamp = readUInt32()
-  block.bits = readUInt32()
-  block.nonce = readUInt32()
+Point.prototype.mulAdd = function mulAdd(k1, p2, k2) {
+  var points = [ this, p2 ];
+  var coeffs = [ k1, k2 ];
+  if (this.curve.endo)
+    return this.curve._endoWnafMulAdd(points, coeffs);
+  else
+    return this.curve._wnafMulAdd(1, points, coeffs, 2);
+};
 
-  if (buffer.length === 80) return block
+Point.prototype.jmulAdd = function jmulAdd(k1, p2, k2) {
+  var points = [ this, p2 ];
+  var coeffs = [ k1, k2 ];
+  if (this.curve.endo)
+    return this.curve._endoWnafMulAdd(points, coeffs, true);
+  else
+    return this.curve._wnafMulAdd(1, points, coeffs, 2, true);
+};
 
-  function readVarInt () {
-    var vi = bufferutils.readVarInt(buffer, offset)
-    offset += vi.size
-    return vi.number
-  }
+Point.prototype.eq = function eq(p) {
+  return this === p ||
+         this.inf === p.inf &&
+             (this.inf || this.x.cmp(p.x) === 0 && this.y.cmp(p.y) === 0);
+};
 
-  // FIXME: poor performance
-  function readTransaction () {
-    var tx = Transaction.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(offset), true)
+Point.prototype.neg = function neg(_precompute) {
+  if (this.inf)
+    return this;
 
-    offset += tx.toBuffer().length
-    return tx
+  var res = this.curve.point(this.x, this.y.redNeg());
+  if (_precompute && this.precomputed) {
+    var pre = this.precomputed;
+    var negate = function(p) {
+      return p.neg();
+    };
+    res.precomputed = {
+      naf: pre.naf && {
+        wnd: pre.naf.wnd,
+        points: pre.naf.points.map(negate)
+      },
+      doubles: pre.doubles && {
+        step: pre.doubles.step,
+        points: pre.doubles.points.map(negate)
+      }
+    };
   }
+  return res;
+};
 
-  var nTransactions = readVarInt()
-  block.transactions = []
+Point.prototype.toJ = function toJ() {
+  if (this.inf)
+    return this.curve.jpoint(null, null, null);
+
+  var res = this.curve.jpoint(this.x, this.y, this.curve.one);
+  return res;
+};
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < nTransactions; ++i) {
-    var tx = readTransaction()
-    block.transactions.push(tx)
+function JPoint(curve, x, y, z) {
+  Base.BasePoint.call(this, curve, 'jacobian');
+  if (x === null && y === null && z === null) {
+    this.x = this.curve.one;
+    this.y = this.curve.one;
+    this.z = new BN(0);
+  } else {
+    this.x = new BN(x, 16);
+    this.y = new BN(y, 16);
+    this.z = new BN(z, 16);
   }
+  if (!this.x.red)
+    this.x = this.x.toRed(this.curve.red);
+  if (!this.y.red)
+    this.y = this.y.toRed(this.curve.red);
+  if (!this.z.red)
+    this.z = this.z.toRed(this.curve.red);
 
-  return block
+  this.zOne = this.z === this.curve.one;
 }
+inherits(JPoint, Base.BasePoint);
 
-Block.fromHex = function (hex) {
-  return Block.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'))
-}
+ShortCurve.prototype.jpoint = function jpoint(x, y, z) {
+  return new JPoint(this, x, y, z);
+};
 
-Block.prototype.getHash = function () {
-  return crypto.hash256(this.toBuffer(true))
-}
+JPoint.prototype.toP = function toP() {
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return this.curve.point(null, null);
 
-Block.prototype.getId = function () {
-  return bufferutils.reverse(this.getHash()).toString('hex')
-}
+  var zinv = this.z.redInvm();
+  var zinv2 = zinv.redSqr();
+  var ax = this.x.redMul(zinv2);
+  var ay = this.y.redMul(zinv2).redMul(zinv);
 
-Block.prototype.getUTCDate = function () {
-  var date = new Date(0) // epoch
-  date.setUTCSeconds(this.timestamp)
+  return this.curve.point(ax, ay);
+};
 
-  return date
-}
+JPoint.prototype.neg = function neg() {
+  return this.curve.jpoint(this.x, this.y.redNeg(), this.z);
+};
 
-Block.prototype.toBuffer = function (headersOnly) {
-  var buffer = new Buffer(80)
+JPoint.prototype.add = function add(p) {
+  // O + P = P
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return p;
 
-  var offset = 0
-  function writeSlice (slice) {
-    slice.copy(buffer, offset)
-    offset += slice.length
-  }
+  // P + O = P
+  if (p.isInfinity())
+    return this;
 
-  function writeUInt32 (i) {
-    buffer.writeUInt32LE(i, offset)
-    offset += 4
+  // 12M + 4S + 7A
+  var pz2 = p.z.redSqr();
+  var z2 = this.z.redSqr();
+  var u1 = this.x.redMul(pz2);
+  var u2 = p.x.redMul(z2);
+  var s1 = this.y.redMul(pz2.redMul(p.z));
+  var s2 = p.y.redMul(z2.redMul(this.z));
+
+  var h = u1.redSub(u2);
+  var r = s1.redSub(s2);
+  if (h.cmpn(0) === 0) {
+    if (r.cmpn(0) !== 0)
+      return this.curve.jpoint(null, null, null);
+    else
+      return this.dbl();
   }
 
-  writeUInt32(this.version)
-  writeSlice(this.prevHash)
-  writeSlice(this.merkleRoot)
-  writeUInt32(this.timestamp)
-  writeUInt32(this.bits)
-  writeUInt32(this.nonce)
+  var h2 = h.redSqr();
+  var h3 = h2.redMul(h);
+  var v = u1.redMul(h2);
 
-  if (headersOnly || !this.transactions) return buffer
+  var nx = r.redSqr().redIAdd(h3).redISub(v).redISub(v);
+  var ny = r.redMul(v.redISub(nx)).redISub(s1.redMul(h3));
+  var nz = this.z.redMul(p.z).redMul(h);
 
-  var txLenBuffer = bufferutils.varIntBuffer(this.transactions.length)
-  var txBuffers = this.transactions.map(function (tx) {
-    return tx.toBuffer()
-  })
+  return this.curve.jpoint(nx, ny, nz);
+};
 
-  return Buffer.concat([buffer, txLenBuffer].concat(txBuffers))
-}
+JPoint.prototype.mixedAdd = function mixedAdd(p) {
+  // O + P = P
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return p.toJ();
 
-Block.prototype.toHex = function (headersOnly) {
-  return this.toBuffer(headersOnly).toString('hex')
-}
+  // P + O = P
+  if (p.isInfinity())
+    return this;
 
-module.exports = Block
+  // 8M + 3S + 7A
+  var z2 = this.z.redSqr();
+  var u1 = this.x;
+  var u2 = p.x.redMul(z2);
+  var s1 = this.y;
+  var s2 = p.y.redMul(z2).redMul(this.z);
+
+  var h = u1.redSub(u2);
+  var r = s1.redSub(s2);
+  if (h.cmpn(0) === 0) {
+    if (r.cmpn(0) !== 0)
+      return this.curve.jpoint(null, null, null);
+    else
+      return this.dbl();
+  }
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./transaction":70,"assert":5,"buffer":7}],57:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var opcodes = require('./opcodes')
+  var h2 = h.redSqr();
+  var h3 = h2.redMul(h);
+  var v = u1.redMul(h2);
 
-// https://github.com/feross/buffer/blob/master/index.js#L1127
-function verifuint (value, max) {
-  assert(typeof value === 'number', 'cannot write a non-number as a number')
-  assert(value >= 0, 'specified a negative value for writing an unsigned value')
-  assert(value <= max, 'value is larger than maximum value for type')
-  assert(Math.floor(value) === value, 'value has a fractional component')
-}
+  var nx = r.redSqr().redIAdd(h3).redISub(v).redISub(v);
+  var ny = r.redMul(v.redISub(nx)).redISub(s1.redMul(h3));
+  var nz = this.z.redMul(h);
 
-function pushDataSize (i) {
-  return i < opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA1 ? 1
-  : i < 0xff ? 2
-  : i < 0xffff ? 3
-  : 5
-}
+  return this.curve.jpoint(nx, ny, nz);
+};
 
-function readPushDataInt (buffer, offset) {
-  var opcode = buffer.readUInt8(offset)
-  var number, size
+JPoint.prototype.dblp = function dblp(pow) {
+  if (pow === 0)
+    return this;
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return this;
+  if (!pow)
+    return this.dbl();
+
+  if (this.curve.zeroA || this.curve.threeA) {
+    var r = this;
+    for (var i = 0; i < pow; i++)
+      r = r.dbl();
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  // 1M + 2S + 1A + N * (4S + 5M + 8A)
+  // N = 1 => 6M + 6S + 9A
+  var a = this.curve.a;
+  var tinv = this.curve.tinv;
+
+  var jx = this.x;
+  var jy = this.y;
+  var jz = this.z;
+  var jz4 = jz.redSqr().redSqr();
+
+  // Reuse results
+  var jyd = jy.redAdd(jy);
+  for (var i = 0; i < pow; i++) {
+    var jx2 = jx.redSqr();
+    var jyd2 = jyd.redSqr();
+    var jyd4 = jyd2.redSqr();
+    var c = jx2.redAdd(jx2).redIAdd(jx2).redIAdd(a.redMul(jz4));
+
+    var t1 = jx.redMul(jyd2);
+    var nx = c.redSqr().redISub(t1.redAdd(t1));
+    var t2 = t1.redISub(nx);
+    var dny = c.redMul(t2);
+    dny = dny.redIAdd(dny).redISub(jyd4);
+    var nz = jyd.redMul(jz);
+    if (i + 1 < pow)
+      jz4 = jz4.redMul(jyd4);
+
+    jx = nx;
+    jz = nz;
+    jyd = dny;
+  }
+
+  return this.curve.jpoint(jx, jyd.redMul(tinv), jz);
+};
 
-  // ~6 bit
-  if (opcode < opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA1) {
-    number = opcode
-    size = 1
+JPoint.prototype.dbl = function dbl() {
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return this;
 
-  // 8 bit
-  } else if (opcode === opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA1) {
-    if (offset + 2 > buffer.length) return null
-    number = buffer.readUInt8(offset + 1)
-    size = 2
+  if (this.curve.zeroA)
+    return this._zeroDbl();
+  else if (this.curve.threeA)
+    return this._threeDbl();
+  else
+    return this._dbl();
+};
 
-  // 16 bit
-  } else if (opcode === opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA2) {
-    if (offset + 3 > buffer.length) return null
-    number = buffer.readUInt16LE(offset + 1)
-    size = 3
+JPoint.prototype._zeroDbl = function _zeroDbl() {
+  var nx;
+  var ny;
+  var nz;
+  // Z = 1
+  if (this.zOne) {
+    // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-0.html
+    //     #doubling-mdbl-2007-bl
+    // 1M + 5S + 14A
+
+    // XX = X1^2
+    var xx = this.x.redSqr();
+    // YY = Y1^2
+    var yy = this.y.redSqr();
+    // YYYY = YY^2
+    var yyyy = yy.redSqr();
+    // S = 2 * ((X1 + YY)^2 - XX - YYYY)
+    var s = this.x.redAdd(yy).redSqr().redISub(xx).redISub(yyyy);
+    s = s.redIAdd(s);
+    // M = 3 * XX + a; a = 0
+    var m = xx.redAdd(xx).redIAdd(xx);
+    // T = M ^ 2 - 2*S
+    var t = m.redSqr().redISub(s).redISub(s);
+
+    // 8 * YYYY
+    var yyyy8 = yyyy.redIAdd(yyyy);
+    yyyy8 = yyyy8.redIAdd(yyyy8);
+    yyyy8 = yyyy8.redIAdd(yyyy8);
+
+    // X3 = T
+    nx = t;
+    // Y3 = M * (S - T) - 8 * YYYY
+    ny = m.redMul(s.redISub(t)).redISub(yyyy8);
+    // Z3 = 2*Y1
+    nz = this.y.redAdd(this.y);
+  } else {
+    // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-0.html
+    //     #doubling-dbl-2009-l
+    // 2M + 5S + 13A
+
+    // A = X1^2
+    var a = this.x.redSqr();
+    // B = Y1^2
+    var b = this.y.redSqr();
+    // C = B^2
+    var c = b.redSqr();
+    // D = 2 * ((X1 + B)^2 - A - C)
+    var d = this.x.redAdd(b).redSqr().redISub(a).redISub(c);
+    d = d.redIAdd(d);
+    // E = 3 * A
+    var e = a.redAdd(a).redIAdd(a);
+    // F = E^2
+    var f = e.redSqr();
+
+    // 8 * C
+    var c8 = c.redIAdd(c);
+    c8 = c8.redIAdd(c8);
+    c8 = c8.redIAdd(c8);
+
+    // X3 = F - 2 * D
+    nx = f.redISub(d).redISub(d);
+    // Y3 = E * (D - X3) - 8 * C
+    ny = e.redMul(d.redISub(nx)).redISub(c8);
+    // Z3 = 2 * Y1 * Z1
+    nz = this.y.redMul(this.z);
+    nz = nz.redIAdd(nz);
+  }
+
+  return this.curve.jpoint(nx, ny, nz);
+};
 
-  // 32 bit
+JPoint.prototype._threeDbl = function _threeDbl() {
+  var nx;
+  var ny;
+  var nz;
+  // Z = 1
+  if (this.zOne) {
+    // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-3.html
+    //     #doubling-mdbl-2007-bl
+    // 1M + 5S + 15A
+
+    // XX = X1^2
+    var xx = this.x.redSqr();
+    // YY = Y1^2
+    var yy = this.y.redSqr();
+    // YYYY = YY^2
+    var yyyy = yy.redSqr();
+    // S = 2 * ((X1 + YY)^2 - XX - YYYY)
+    var s = this.x.redAdd(yy).redSqr().redISub(xx).redISub(yyyy);
+    s = s.redIAdd(s);
+    // M = 3 * XX + a
+    var m = xx.redAdd(xx).redIAdd(xx).redIAdd(this.curve.a);
+    // T = M^2 - 2 * S
+    var t = m.redSqr().redISub(s).redISub(s);
+    // X3 = T
+    nx = t;
+    // Y3 = M * (S - T) - 8 * YYYY
+    var yyyy8 = yyyy.redIAdd(yyyy);
+    yyyy8 = yyyy8.redIAdd(yyyy8);
+    yyyy8 = yyyy8.redIAdd(yyyy8);
+    ny = m.redMul(s.redISub(t)).redISub(yyyy8);
+    // Z3 = 2 * Y1
+    nz = this.y.redAdd(this.y);
   } else {
-    if (offset + 5 > buffer.length) return null
-    assert.equal(opcode, opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA4, 'Unexpected opcode')
+    // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-3.html#doubling-dbl-2001-b
+    // 3M + 5S
+
+    // delta = Z1^2
+    var delta = this.z.redSqr();
+    // gamma = Y1^2
+    var gamma = this.y.redSqr();
+    // beta = X1 * gamma
+    var beta = this.x.redMul(gamma);
+    // alpha = 3 * (X1 - delta) * (X1 + delta)
+    var alpha = this.x.redSub(delta).redMul(this.x.redAdd(delta));
+    alpha = alpha.redAdd(alpha).redIAdd(alpha);
+    // X3 = alpha^2 - 8 * beta
+    var beta4 = beta.redIAdd(beta);
+    beta4 = beta4.redIAdd(beta4);
+    var beta8 = beta4.redAdd(beta4);
+    nx = alpha.redSqr().redISub(beta8);
+    // Z3 = (Y1 + Z1)^2 - gamma - delta
+    nz = this.y.redAdd(this.z).redSqr().redISub(gamma).redISub(delta);
+    // Y3 = alpha * (4 * beta - X3) - 8 * gamma^2
+    var ggamma8 = gamma.redSqr();
+    ggamma8 = ggamma8.redIAdd(ggamma8);
+    ggamma8 = ggamma8.redIAdd(ggamma8);
+    ggamma8 = ggamma8.redIAdd(ggamma8);
+    ny = alpha.redMul(beta4.redISub(nx)).redISub(ggamma8);
+  }
+
+  return this.curve.jpoint(nx, ny, nz);
+};
 
-    number = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset + 1)
-    size = 5
-  }
+JPoint.prototype._dbl = function _dbl() {
+  var a = this.curve.a;
 
-  return {
-    opcode: opcode,
-    number: number,
-    size: size
-  }
-}
+  // 4M + 6S + 10A
+  var jx = this.x;
+  var jy = this.y;
+  var jz = this.z;
+  var jz4 = jz.redSqr().redSqr();
 
-function readUInt64LE (buffer, offset) {
-  var a = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset)
-  var b = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset + 4)
-  b *= 0x100000000
+  var jx2 = jx.redSqr();
+  var jy2 = jy.redSqr();
 
-  verifuint(b + a, 0x001fffffffffffff)
+  var c = jx2.redAdd(jx2).redIAdd(jx2).redIAdd(a.redMul(jz4));
 
-  return b + a
-}
+  var jxd4 = jx.redAdd(jx);
+  jxd4 = jxd4.redIAdd(jxd4);
+  var t1 = jxd4.redMul(jy2);
+  var nx = c.redSqr().redISub(t1.redAdd(t1));
+  var t2 = t1.redISub(nx);
 
-function readVarInt (buffer, offset) {
-  var t = buffer.readUInt8(offset)
-  var number, size
+  var jyd8 = jy2.redSqr();
+  jyd8 = jyd8.redIAdd(jyd8);
+  jyd8 = jyd8.redIAdd(jyd8);
+  jyd8 = jyd8.redIAdd(jyd8);
+  var ny = c.redMul(t2).redISub(jyd8);
+  var nz = jy.redAdd(jy).redMul(jz);
 
-  // 8 bit
-  if (t < 253) {
-    number = t
-    size = 1
+  return this.curve.jpoint(nx, ny, nz);
+};
 
-  // 16 bit
-  } else if (t < 254) {
-    number = buffer.readUInt16LE(offset + 1)
-    size = 3
+JPoint.prototype.trpl = function trpl() {
+  if (!this.curve.zeroA)
+    return this.dbl().add(this);
+
+  // hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-0.html#tripling-tpl-2007-bl
+  // 5M + 10S + ...
+
+  // XX = X1^2
+  var xx = this.x.redSqr();
+  // YY = Y1^2
+  var yy = this.y.redSqr();
+  // ZZ = Z1^2
+  var zz = this.z.redSqr();
+  // YYYY = YY^2
+  var yyyy = yy.redSqr();
+  // M = 3 * XX + a * ZZ2; a = 0
+  var m = xx.redAdd(xx).redIAdd(xx);
+  // MM = M^2
+  var mm = m.redSqr();
+  // E = 6 * ((X1 + YY)^2 - XX - YYYY) - MM
+  var e = this.x.redAdd(yy).redSqr().redISub(xx).redISub(yyyy);
+  e = e.redIAdd(e);
+  e = e.redAdd(e).redIAdd(e);
+  e = e.redISub(mm);
+  // EE = E^2
+  var ee = e.redSqr();
+  // T = 16*YYYY
+  var t = yyyy.redIAdd(yyyy);
+  t = t.redIAdd(t);
+  t = t.redIAdd(t);
+  t = t.redIAdd(t);
+  // U = (M + E)^2 - MM - EE - T
+  var u = m.redIAdd(e).redSqr().redISub(mm).redISub(ee).redISub(t);
+  // X3 = 4 * (X1 * EE - 4 * YY * U)
+  var yyu4 = yy.redMul(u);
+  yyu4 = yyu4.redIAdd(yyu4);
+  yyu4 = yyu4.redIAdd(yyu4);
+  var nx = this.x.redMul(ee).redISub(yyu4);
+  nx = nx.redIAdd(nx);
+  nx = nx.redIAdd(nx);
+  // Y3 = 8 * Y1 * (U * (T - U) - E * EE)
+  var ny = this.y.redMul(u.redMul(t.redISub(u)).redISub(e.redMul(ee)));
+  ny = ny.redIAdd(ny);
+  ny = ny.redIAdd(ny);
+  ny = ny.redIAdd(ny);
+  // Z3 = (Z1 + E)^2 - ZZ - EE
+  var nz = this.z.redAdd(e).redSqr().redISub(zz).redISub(ee);
+
+  return this.curve.jpoint(nx, ny, nz);
+};
 
-  // 32 bit
-  } else if (t < 255) {
-    number = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset + 1)
-    size = 5
+JPoint.prototype.mul = function mul(k, kbase) {
+  k = new BN(k, kbase);
 
-  // 64 bit
-  } else {
-    number = readUInt64LE(buffer, offset + 1)
-    size = 9
-  }
+  return this.curve._wnafMul(this, k);
+};
 
-  return {
-    number: number,
-    size: size
-  }
-}
+JPoint.prototype.eq = function eq(p) {
+  if (p.type === 'affine')
+    return this.eq(p.toJ());
 
-function writePushDataInt (buffer, number, offset) {
-  var size = pushDataSize(number)
+  if (this === p)
+    return true;
 
-  // ~6 bit
-  if (size === 1) {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(number, offset)
+  // x1 * z2^2 == x2 * z1^2
+  var z2 = this.z.redSqr();
+  var pz2 = p.z.redSqr();
+  if (this.x.redMul(pz2).redISub(p.x.redMul(z2)).cmpn(0) !== 0)
+    return false;
 
-  // 8 bit
-  } else if (size === 2) {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA1, offset)
-    buffer.writeUInt8(number, offset + 1)
+  // y1 * z2^3 == y2 * z1^3
+  var z3 = z2.redMul(this.z);
+  var pz3 = pz2.redMul(p.z);
+  return this.y.redMul(pz3).redISub(p.y.redMul(z3)).cmpn(0) === 0;
+};
 
-  // 16 bit
-  } else if (size === 3) {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA2, offset)
-    buffer.writeUInt16LE(number, offset + 1)
+JPoint.prototype.eqXToP = function eqXToP(x) {
+  var zs = this.z.redSqr();
+  var rx = x.toRed(this.curve.red).redMul(zs);
+  if (this.x.cmp(rx) === 0)
+    return true;
 
-  // 32 bit
-  } else {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA4, offset)
-    buffer.writeUInt32LE(number, offset + 1)
+  var xc = x.clone();
+  var t = this.curve.redN.redMul(zs);
+  for (;;) {
+    xc.iadd(this.curve.n);
+    if (xc.cmp(this.curve.p) >= 0)
+      return false;
+
+    rx.redIAdd(t);
+    if (this.x.cmp(rx) === 0)
+      return true;
   }
+  return false;
+};
 
-  return size
-}
+JPoint.prototype.inspect = function inspect() {
+  if (this.isInfinity())
+    return '<EC JPoint Infinity>';
+  return '<EC JPoint x: ' + this.x.toString(16, 2) +
+      ' y: ' + this.y.toString(16, 2) +
+      ' z: ' + this.z.toString(16, 2) + '>';
+};
 
-function writeUInt64LE (buffer, value, offset) {
-  verifuint(value, 0x001fffffffffffff)
+JPoint.prototype.isInfinity = function isInfinity() {
+  // XXX This code assumes that zero is always zero in red
+  return this.z.cmpn(0) === 0;
+};
 
-  buffer.writeInt32LE(value & -1, offset)
-  buffer.writeUInt32LE(Math.floor(value / 0x100000000), offset + 4)
-}
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"../curve":42,"bn.js":33,"inherits":63}],45:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-function varIntSize (i) {
-  return i < 253 ? 1
-  : i < 0x10000 ? 3
-  : i < 0x100000000 ? 5
-  : 9
+var curves = exports;
+
+var hash = require('hash.js');
+var elliptic = require('../elliptic');
+
+var assert = elliptic.utils.assert;
+
+function PresetCurve(options) {
+  if (options.type === 'short')
+    this.curve = new elliptic.curve.short(options);
+  else if (options.type === 'edwards')
+    this.curve = new elliptic.curve.edwards(options);
+  else
+    this.curve = new elliptic.curve.mont(options);
+  this.g = this.curve.g;
+  this.n = this.curve.n;
+  this.hash = options.hash;
+
+  assert(this.g.validate(), 'Invalid curve');
+  assert(this.g.mul(this.n).isInfinity(), 'Invalid curve, G*N != O');
+}
+curves.PresetCurve = PresetCurve;
+
+function defineCurve(name, options) {
+  Object.defineProperty(curves, name, {
+    configurable: true,
+    enumerable: true,
+    get: function() {
+      var curve = new PresetCurve(options);
+      Object.defineProperty(curves, name, {
+        configurable: true,
+        enumerable: true,
+        value: curve
+      });
+      return curve;
+    }
+  });
 }
 
-function writeVarInt (buffer, number, offset) {
-  var size = varIntSize(number)
+defineCurve('p192', {
+  type: 'short',
+  prime: 'p192',
+  p: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff fffffffe ffffffff ffffffff',
+  a: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff fffffffe ffffffff fffffffc',
+  b: '64210519 e59c80e7 0fa7e9ab 72243049 feb8deec c146b9b1',
+  n: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff 99def836 146bc9b1 b4d22831',
+  hash: hash.sha256,
+  gRed: false,
+  g: [
+    '188da80e b03090f6 7cbf20eb 43a18800 f4ff0afd 82ff1012',
+    '07192b95 ffc8da78 631011ed 6b24cdd5 73f977a1 1e794811'
+  ]
+});
 
-  // 8 bit
-  if (size === 1) {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(number, offset)
+defineCurve('p224', {
+  type: 'short',
+  prime: 'p224',
+  p: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff 00000000 00000000 00000001',
+  a: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff fffffffe ffffffff ffffffff fffffffe',
+  b: 'b4050a85 0c04b3ab f5413256 5044b0b7 d7bfd8ba 270b3943 2355ffb4',
+  n: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffff16a2 e0b8f03e 13dd2945 5c5c2a3d',
+  hash: hash.sha256,
+  gRed: false,
+  g: [
+    'b70e0cbd 6bb4bf7f 321390b9 4a03c1d3 56c21122 343280d6 115c1d21',
+    'bd376388 b5f723fb 4c22dfe6 cd4375a0 5a074764 44d58199 85007e34'
+  ]
+});
 
-  // 16 bit
-  } else if (size === 3) {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(253, offset)
-    buffer.writeUInt16LE(number, offset + 1)
+defineCurve('p256', {
+  type: 'short',
+  prime: null,
+  p: 'ffffffff 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff',
+  a: 'ffffffff 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 ffffffff ffffffff fffffffc',
+  b: '5ac635d8 aa3a93e7 b3ebbd55 769886bc 651d06b0 cc53b0f6 3bce3c3e 27d2604b',
+  n: 'ffffffff 00000000 ffffffff ffffffff bce6faad a7179e84 f3b9cac2 fc632551',
+  hash: hash.sha256,
+  gRed: false,
+  g: [
+    '6b17d1f2 e12c4247 f8bce6e5 63a440f2 77037d81 2deb33a0 f4a13945 d898c296',
+    '4fe342e2 fe1a7f9b 8ee7eb4a 7c0f9e16 2bce3357 6b315ece cbb64068 37bf51f5'
+  ]
+});
 
-  // 32 bit
-  } else if (size === 5) {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(254, offset)
-    buffer.writeUInt32LE(number, offset + 1)
+defineCurve('p384', {
+  type: 'short',
+  prime: null,
+  p: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ' +
+     'fffffffe ffffffff 00000000 00000000 ffffffff',
+  a: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ' +
+     'fffffffe ffffffff 00000000 00000000 fffffffc',
+  b: 'b3312fa7 e23ee7e4 988e056b e3f82d19 181d9c6e fe814112 0314088f ' +
+     '5013875a c656398d 8a2ed19d 2a85c8ed d3ec2aef',
+  n: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff c7634d81 ' +
+     'f4372ddf 581a0db2 48b0a77a ecec196a ccc52973',
+  hash: hash.sha384,
+  gRed: false,
+  g: [
+    'aa87ca22 be8b0537 8eb1c71e f320ad74 6e1d3b62 8ba79b98 59f741e0 82542a38 ' +
+    '5502f25d bf55296c 3a545e38 72760ab7',
+    '3617de4a 96262c6f 5d9e98bf 9292dc29 f8f41dbd 289a147c e9da3113 b5f0b8c0 ' +
+    '0a60b1ce 1d7e819d 7a431d7c 90ea0e5f'
+  ]
+});
 
-  // 64 bit
-  } else {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(255, offset)
-    writeUInt64LE(buffer, number, offset + 1)
-  }
+defineCurve('p521', {
+  type: 'short',
+  prime: null,
+  p: '000001ff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ' +
+     'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ' +
+     'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff',
+  a: '000001ff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ' +
+     'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ' +
+     'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff fffffffc',
+  b: '00000051 953eb961 8e1c9a1f 929a21a0 b68540ee a2da725b ' +
+     '99b315f3 b8b48991 8ef109e1 56193951 ec7e937b 1652c0bd ' +
+     '3bb1bf07 3573df88 3d2c34f1 ef451fd4 6b503f00',
+  n: '000001ff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ' +
+     'ffffffff ffffffff fffffffa 51868783 bf2f966b 7fcc0148 ' +
+     'f709a5d0 3bb5c9b8 899c47ae bb6fb71e 91386409',
+  hash: hash.sha512,
+  gRed: false,
+  g: [
+    '000000c6 858e06b7 0404e9cd 9e3ecb66 2395b442 9c648139 ' +
+    '053fb521 f828af60 6b4d3dba a14b5e77 efe75928 fe1dc127 ' +
+    'a2ffa8de 3348b3c1 856a429b f97e7e31 c2e5bd66',
+    '00000118 39296a78 9a3bc004 5c8a5fb4 2c7d1bd9 98f54449 ' +
+    '579b4468 17afbd17 273e662c 97ee7299 5ef42640 c550b901 ' +
+    '3fad0761 353c7086 a272c240 88be9476 9fd16650'
+  ]
+});
 
-  return size
-}
+defineCurve('curve25519', {
+  type: 'mont',
+  prime: 'p25519',
+  p: '7fffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffed',
+  a: '76d06',
+  b: '1',
+  n: '1000000000000000 0000000000000000 14def9dea2f79cd6 5812631a5cf5d3ed',
+  hash: hash.sha256,
+  gRed: false,
+  g: [
+    '9'
+  ]
+});
 
-function varIntBuffer (i) {
-  var size = varIntSize(i)
-  var buffer = new Buffer(size)
-  writeVarInt(buffer, i, 0)
+defineCurve('ed25519', {
+  type: 'edwards',
+  prime: 'p25519',
+  p: '7fffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffed',
+  a: '-1',
+  c: '1',
+  // -121665 * (121666^(-1)) (mod P)
+  d: '52036cee2b6ffe73 8cc740797779e898 00700a4d4141d8ab 75eb4dca135978a3',
+  n: '1000000000000000 0000000000000000 14def9dea2f79cd6 5812631a5cf5d3ed',
+  hash: hash.sha256,
+  gRed: false,
+  g: [
+    '216936d3cd6e53fec0a4e231fdd6dc5c692cc7609525a7b2c9562d608f25d51a',
+
+    // 4/5
+    '6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666658'
+  ]
+});
 
-  return buffer
-}
+var pre;
+try {
+  pre = require('./precomputed/secp256k1');
+} catch (e) {
+  pre = undefined;
+}
+
+defineCurve('secp256k1', {
+  type: 'short',
+  prime: 'k256',
+  p: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff fffffffe fffffc2f',
+  a: '0',
+  b: '7',
+  n: 'ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff fffffffe baaedce6 af48a03b bfd25e8c d0364141',
+  h: '1',
+  hash: hash.sha256,
+
+  // Precomputed endomorphism
+  beta: '7ae96a2b657c07106e64479eac3434e99cf0497512f58995c1396c28719501ee',
+  lambda: '5363ad4cc05c30e0a5261c028812645a122e22ea20816678df02967c1b23bd72',
+  basis: [
+    {
+      a: '3086d221a7d46bcde86c90e49284eb15',
+      b: '-e4437ed6010e88286f547fa90abfe4c3'
+    },
+    {
+      a: '114ca50f7a8e2f3f657c1108d9d44cfd8',
+      b: '3086d221a7d46bcde86c90e49284eb15'
+    }
+  ],
 
-function reverse (buffer) {
-  var buffer2 = new Buffer(buffer)
-  Array.prototype.reverse.call(buffer2)
-  return buffer2
-}
+  gRed: false,
+  g: [
+    '79be667ef9dcbbac55a06295ce870b07029bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798',
+    '483ada7726a3c4655da4fbfc0e1108a8fd17b448a68554199c47d08ffb10d4b8',
+    pre
+  ]
+});
 
-module.exports = {
-  pushDataSize: pushDataSize,
-  readPushDataInt: readPushDataInt,
-  readUInt64LE: readUInt64LE,
-  readVarInt: readVarInt,
-  reverse: reverse,
-  varIntBuffer: varIntBuffer,
-  varIntSize: varIntSize,
-  writePushDataInt: writePushDataInt,
-  writeUInt64LE: writeUInt64LE,
-  writeVarInt: writeVarInt
-}
+},{"../elliptic":39,"./precomputed/secp256k1":53,"hash.js":57}],46:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
+
+var BN = require('bn.js');
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
+
+var KeyPair = require('./key');
+var Signature = require('./signature');
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./opcodes":67,"assert":5,"buffer":7}],58:[function(require,module,exports){
-var createHash = require('create-hash')
+function EC(options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof EC))
+    return new EC(options);
 
-function hash160 (buffer) {
-  return ripemd160(sha256(buffer))
-}
+  // Shortcut `elliptic.ec(curve-name)`
+  if (typeof options === 'string') {
+    assert(elliptic.curves.hasOwnProperty(options), 'Unknown curve ' + options);
 
-function hash256 (buffer) {
-  return sha256(sha256(buffer))
-}
+    options = elliptic.curves[options];
+  }
 
-function ripemd160 (buffer) {
-  return createHash('rmd160').update(buffer).digest()
-}
+  // Shortcut for `elliptic.ec(elliptic.curves.curveName)`
+  if (options instanceof elliptic.curves.PresetCurve)
+    options = { curve: options };
 
-function sha1 (buffer) {
-  return createHash('sha1').update(buffer).digest()
-}
+  this.curve = options.curve.curve;
+  this.n = this.curve.n;
+  this.nh = this.n.ushrn(1);
+  this.g = this.curve.g;
 
-function sha256 (buffer) {
-  return createHash('sha256').update(buffer).digest()
+  // Point on curve
+  this.g = options.curve.g;
+  this.g.precompute(options.curve.n.bitLength() + 1);
+
+  // Hash for function for DRBG
+  this.hash = options.hash || options.curve.hash;
 }
+module.exports = EC;
 
-// FIXME: Name not consistent with others
-var createHmac = require('create-hmac')
+EC.prototype.keyPair = function keyPair(options) {
+  return new KeyPair(this, options);
+};
 
-function HmacSHA256 (buffer, secret) {
-  console.warn('Hmac* functions are deprecated for removal in 2.0.0, use node crypto instead')
-  return createHmac('sha256', secret).update(buffer).digest()
-}
+EC.prototype.keyFromPrivate = function keyFromPrivate(priv, enc) {
+  return KeyPair.fromPrivate(this, priv, enc);
+};
 
-function HmacSHA512 (buffer, secret) {
-  console.warn('Hmac* functions are deprecated for removal in 2.0.0, use node crypto instead')
-  return createHmac('sha512', secret).update(buffer).digest()
-}
+EC.prototype.keyFromPublic = function keyFromPublic(pub, enc) {
+  return KeyPair.fromPublic(this, pub, enc);
+};
 
-module.exports = {
-  ripemd160: ripemd160,
-  sha1: sha1,
-  sha256: sha256,
-  hash160: hash160,
-  hash256: hash256,
-  HmacSHA256: HmacSHA256,
-  HmacSHA512: HmacSHA512
-}
+EC.prototype.genKeyPair = function genKeyPair(options) {
+  if (!options)
+    options = {};
 
-},{"create-hash":32,"create-hmac":45}],59:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var createHmac = require('create-hmac')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+  // Instantiate Hmac_DRBG
+  var drbg = new elliptic.hmacDRBG({
+    hash: this.hash,
+    pers: options.pers,
+    entropy: options.entropy || elliptic.rand(this.hash.hmacStrength),
+    nonce: this.n.toArray()
+  });
 
-var BigInteger = require('bigi')
-var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
+  var bytes = this.n.byteLength();
+  var ns2 = this.n.sub(new BN(2));
+  do {
+    var priv = new BN(drbg.generate(bytes));
+    if (priv.cmp(ns2) > 0)
+      continue;
 
-var ZERO = new Buffer([0])
-var ONE = new Buffer([1])
+    priv.iaddn(1);
+    return this.keyFromPrivate(priv);
+  } while (true);
+};
 
-// https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6979#section-3.2
-function deterministicGenerateK (curve, hash, d, checkSig) {
-  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
-  typeForce('BigInteger', d)
+EC.prototype._truncateToN = function truncateToN(msg, truncOnly) {
+  var delta = msg.byteLength() * 8 - this.n.bitLength();
+  if (delta > 0)
+    msg = msg.ushrn(delta);
+  if (!truncOnly && msg.cmp(this.n) >= 0)
+    return msg.sub(this.n);
+  else
+    return msg;
+};
 
-  // FIXME: remove/uncomment for 2.0.0
-  //  typeForce('Function', checkSig)
+EC.prototype.sign = function sign(msg, key, enc, options) {
+  if (typeof enc === 'object') {
+    options = enc;
+    enc = null;
+  }
+  if (!options)
+    options = {};
 
-  if (typeof checkSig !== 'function') {
-    console.warn('deterministicGenerateK requires a checkSig callback in 2.0.0, see #337 for more information')
+  key = this.keyFromPrivate(key, enc);
+  msg = this._truncateToN(new BN(msg, 16));
 
-    checkSig = function (k) {
-      var G = curve.G
-      var n = curve.n
-      var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
+  // Zero-extend key to provide enough entropy
+  var bytes = this.n.byteLength();
+  var bkey = key.getPrivate().toArray('be', bytes);
 
-      var Q = G.multiply(k)
+  // Zero-extend nonce to have the same byte size as N
+  var nonce = msg.toArray('be', bytes);
 
-      if (curve.isInfinity(Q))
-        return false
+  // Instantiate Hmac_DRBG
+  var drbg = new elliptic.hmacDRBG({
+    hash: this.hash,
+    entropy: bkey,
+    nonce: nonce,
+    pers: options.pers,
+    persEnc: options.persEnc
+  });
 
-      var r = Q.affineX.mod(n)
-      if (r.signum() === 0)
-        return false
+  // Number of bytes to generate
+  var ns1 = this.n.sub(new BN(1));
 
-      var s = k.modInverse(n).multiply(e.add(d.multiply(r))).mod(n)
-      if (s.signum() === 0)
-        return false
+  for (var iter = 0; true; iter++) {
+    var k = options.k ?
+        options.k(iter) :
+        new BN(drbg.generate(this.n.byteLength()));
+    k = this._truncateToN(k, true);
+    if (k.cmpn(1) <= 0 || k.cmp(ns1) >= 0)
+      continue;
 
-      return true
+    var kp = this.g.mul(k);
+    if (kp.isInfinity())
+      continue;
+
+    var kpX = kp.getX();
+    var r = kpX.umod(this.n);
+    if (r.cmpn(0) === 0)
+      continue;
+
+    var s = k.invm(this.n).mul(r.mul(key.getPrivate()).iadd(msg));
+    s = s.umod(this.n);
+    if (s.cmpn(0) === 0)
+      continue;
+
+    var recoveryParam = (kp.getY().isOdd() ? 1 : 0) |
+                        (kpX.cmp(r) !== 0 ? 2 : 0);
+
+    // Use complement of `s`, if it is > `n / 2`
+    if (options.canonical && s.cmp(this.nh) > 0) {
+      s = this.n.sub(s);
+      recoveryParam ^= 1;
     }
+
+    return new Signature({ r: r, s: s, recoveryParam: recoveryParam });
   }
+};
 
-  // sanity check
-  assert.equal(hash.length, 32, 'Hash must be 256 bit')
+EC.prototype.verify = function verify(msg, signature, key, enc) {
+  msg = this._truncateToN(new BN(msg, 16));
+  key = this.keyFromPublic(key, enc);
+  signature = new Signature(signature, 'hex');
 
-  var x = d.toBuffer(32)
-  var k = new Buffer(32)
-  var v = new Buffer(32)
+  // Perform primitive values validation
+  var r = signature.r;
+  var s = signature.s;
+  if (r.cmpn(1) < 0 || r.cmp(this.n) >= 0)
+    return false;
+  if (s.cmpn(1) < 0 || s.cmp(this.n) >= 0)
+    return false;
 
-  // Step A, ignored as hash already provided
-  // Step B
-  v.fill(1)
+  // Validate signature
+  var sinv = s.invm(this.n);
+  var u1 = sinv.mul(msg).umod(this.n);
+  var u2 = sinv.mul(r).umod(this.n);
 
-  // Step C
-  k.fill(0)
+  if (!this.curve._maxwellTrick) {
+    var p = this.g.mulAdd(u1, key.getPublic(), u2);
+    if (p.isInfinity())
+      return false;
 
-  // Step D
-  k = createHmac('sha256', k)
-    .update(v)
-    .update(ZERO)
-    .update(x)
-    .update(hash)
-    .digest()
+    return p.getX().umod(this.n).cmp(r) === 0;
+  }
 
-  // Step E
-  v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+  // NOTE: Greg Maxwell's trick, inspired by:
+  // https://git.io/vad3K
 
-  // Step F
-  k = createHmac('sha256', k)
-    .update(v)
-    .update(ONE)
-    .update(x)
-    .update(hash)
-    .digest()
+  var p = this.g.jmulAdd(u1, key.getPublic(), u2);
+  if (p.isInfinity())
+    return false;
 
-  // Step G
-  v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+  // Compare `p.x` of Jacobian point with `r`,
+  // this will do `p.x == r * p.z^2` instead of multiplying `p.x` by the
+  // inverse of `p.z^2`
+  return p.eqXToP(r);
+};
 
-  // Step H1/H2a, ignored as tlen === qlen (256 bit)
-  // Step H2b
-  v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+EC.prototype.recoverPubKey = function(msg, signature, j, enc) {
+  assert((3 & j) === j, 'The recovery param is more than two bits');
+  signature = new Signature(signature, enc);
 
-  var T = BigInteger.fromBuffer(v)
+  var n = this.n;
+  var e = new BN(msg);
+  var r = signature.r;
+  var s = signature.s;
 
-  // Step H3, repeat until T is within the interval [1, n - 1] and is suitable for ECDSA
-  while ((T.signum() <= 0) || (T.compareTo(curve.n) >= 0) || !checkSig(T)) {
-    k = createHmac('sha256', k)
-      .update(v)
-      .update(ZERO)
-      .digest()
+  // A set LSB signifies that the y-coordinate is odd
+  var isYOdd = j & 1;
+  var isSecondKey = j >> 1;
+  if (r.cmp(this.curve.p.umod(this.curve.n)) >= 0 && isSecondKey)
+    throw new Error('Unable to find sencond key candinate');
+
+  // 1.1. Let x = r + jn.
+  if (isSecondKey)
+    r = this.curve.pointFromX(r.add(this.curve.n), isYOdd);
+  else
+    r = this.curve.pointFromX(r, isYOdd);
 
-    v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
+  var rInv = signature.r.invm(n);
+  var s1 = n.sub(e).mul(rInv).umod(n);
+  var s2 = s.mul(rInv).umod(n);
 
-    // Step H1/H2a, again, ignored as tlen === qlen (256 bit)
-    // Step H2b again
-    v = createHmac('sha256', k).update(v).digest()
-    T = BigInteger.fromBuffer(v)
+  // 1.6.1 Compute Q = r^-1 (sR -  eG)
+  //               Q = r^-1 (sR + -eG)
+  return this.g.mulAdd(s1, r, s2);
+};
+
+EC.prototype.getKeyRecoveryParam = function(e, signature, Q, enc) {
+  signature = new Signature(signature, enc);
+  if (signature.recoveryParam !== null)
+    return signature.recoveryParam;
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+    var Qprime;
+    try {
+      Qprime = this.recoverPubKey(e, signature, i);
+    } catch (e) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (Qprime.eq(Q))
+      return i;
   }
+  throw new Error('Unable to find valid recovery factor');
+};
 
-  return T
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"./key":47,"./signature":48,"bn.js":33}],47:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
+
+var BN = require('bn.js');
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
+
+function KeyPair(ec, options) {
+  this.ec = ec;
+  this.priv = null;
+  this.pub = null;
+
+  // KeyPair(ec, { priv: ..., pub: ... })
+  if (options.priv)
+    this._importPrivate(options.priv, options.privEnc);
+  if (options.pub)
+    this._importPublic(options.pub, options.pubEnc);
 }
+module.exports = KeyPair;
 
-function sign (curve, hash, d) {
-  var r, s
+KeyPair.fromPublic = function fromPublic(ec, pub, enc) {
+  if (pub instanceof KeyPair)
+    return pub;
 
-  var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
-  var n = curve.n
-  var G = curve.G
+  return new KeyPair(ec, {
+    pub: pub,
+    pubEnc: enc
+  });
+};
 
-  deterministicGenerateK(curve, hash, d, function (k) {
-    var Q = G.multiply(k)
+KeyPair.fromPrivate = function fromPrivate(ec, priv, enc) {
+  if (priv instanceof KeyPair)
+    return priv;
 
-    if (curve.isInfinity(Q))
-      return false
+  return new KeyPair(ec, {
+    priv: priv,
+    privEnc: enc
+  });
+};
 
-    r = Q.affineX.mod(n)
-    if (r.signum() === 0)
-      return false
+KeyPair.prototype.validate = function validate() {
+  var pub = this.getPublic();
 
-    s = k.modInverse(n).multiply(e.add(d.multiply(r))).mod(n)
-    if (s.signum() === 0)
-      return false
+  if (pub.isInfinity())
+    return { result: false, reason: 'Invalid public key' };
+  if (!pub.validate())
+    return { result: false, reason: 'Public key is not a point' };
+  if (!pub.mul(this.ec.curve.n).isInfinity())
+    return { result: false, reason: 'Public key * N != O' };
 
-    return true
-  })
+  return { result: true, reason: null };
+};
 
-  var N_OVER_TWO = n.shiftRight(1)
+KeyPair.prototype.getPublic = function getPublic(compact, enc) {
+  // compact is optional argument
+  if (typeof compact === 'string') {
+    enc = compact;
+    compact = null;
+  }
 
-  // enforce low S values, see bip62: 'low s values in signatures'
-  if (s.compareTo(N_OVER_TWO) > 0) {
-    s = n.subtract(s)
+  if (!this.pub)
+    this.pub = this.ec.g.mul(this.priv);
+
+  if (!enc)
+    return this.pub;
+
+  return this.pub.encode(enc, compact);
+};
+
+KeyPair.prototype.getPrivate = function getPrivate(enc) {
+  if (enc === 'hex')
+    return this.priv.toString(16, 2);
+  else
+    return this.priv;
+};
+
+KeyPair.prototype._importPrivate = function _importPrivate(key, enc) {
+  this.priv = new BN(key, enc || 16);
+
+  // Ensure that the priv won't be bigger than n, otherwise we may fail
+  // in fixed multiplication method
+  this.priv = this.priv.umod(this.ec.curve.n);
+};
+
+KeyPair.prototype._importPublic = function _importPublic(key, enc) {
+  if (key.x || key.y) {
+    // Montgomery points only have an `x` coordinate.
+    // Weierstrass/Edwards points on the other hand have both `x` and
+    // `y` coordinates.
+    if (this.ec.curve.type === 'mont') {
+      assert(key.x, 'Need x coordinate');
+    } else if (this.ec.curve.type === 'short' ||
+               this.ec.curve.type === 'edwards') {
+      assert(key.x && key.y, 'Need both x and y coordinate');
+    }
+    this.pub = this.ec.curve.point(key.x, key.y);
+    return;
   }
+  this.pub = this.ec.curve.decodePoint(key, enc);
+};
 
-  return new ECSignature(r, s)
-}
+// ECDH
+KeyPair.prototype.derive = function derive(pub) {
+  return pub.mul(this.priv).getX();
+};
 
-function verifyRaw (curve, e, signature, Q) {
-  var n = curve.n
-  var G = curve.G
+// ECDSA
+KeyPair.prototype.sign = function sign(msg, enc, options) {
+  return this.ec.sign(msg, this, enc, options);
+};
 
-  var r = signature.r
-  var s = signature.s
+KeyPair.prototype.verify = function verify(msg, signature) {
+  return this.ec.verify(msg, signature, this);
+};
 
-  // 1.4.1 Enforce r and s are both integers in the interval [1, n − 1]
-  if (r.signum() <= 0 || r.compareTo(n) >= 0) return false
-  if (s.signum() <= 0 || s.compareTo(n) >= 0) return false
+KeyPair.prototype.inspect = function inspect() {
+  return '<Key priv: ' + (this.priv && this.priv.toString(16, 2)) +
+         ' pub: ' + (this.pub && this.pub.inspect()) + ' >';
+};
 
-  // c = s^-1 mod n
-  var c = s.modInverse(n)
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"bn.js":33}],48:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-  // 1.4.4 Compute u1 = es^−1 mod n
-  //               u2 = rs^−1 mod n
-  var u1 = e.multiply(c).mod(n)
-  var u2 = r.multiply(c).mod(n)
+var BN = require('bn.js');
 
-  // 1.4.5 Compute R = (xR, yR) = u1G + u2Q
-  var R = G.multiplyTwo(u1, Q, u2)
-  var v = R.affineX.mod(n)
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
 
-  // 1.4.5 (cont.) Enforce R is not at infinity
-  if (curve.isInfinity(R)) return false
+function Signature(options, enc) {
+  if (options instanceof Signature)
+    return options;
 
-  // 1.4.8 If v = r, output "valid", and if v != r, output "invalid"
-  return v.equals(r)
+  if (this._importDER(options, enc))
+    return;
+
+  assert(options.r && options.s, 'Signature without r or s');
+  this.r = new BN(options.r, 16);
+  this.s = new BN(options.s, 16);
+  if (options.recoveryParam === undefined)
+    this.recoveryParam = null;
+  else
+    this.recoveryParam = options.recoveryParam;
 }
+module.exports = Signature;
 
-function verify (curve, hash, signature, Q) {
-  // 1.4.2 H = Hash(M), already done by the user
-  // 1.4.3 e = H
-  var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
+function Position() {
+  this.place = 0;
+}
+
+function getLength(buf, p) {
+  var initial = buf[p.place++];
+  if (!(initial & 0x80)) {
+    return initial;
+  }
+  var octetLen = initial & 0xf;
+  var val = 0;
+  for (var i = 0, off = p.place; i < octetLen; i++, off++) {
+    val <<= 8;
+    val |= buf[off];
+  }
+  p.place = off;
+  return val;
+}
+
+function rmPadding(buf) {
+  var i = 0;
+  var len = buf.length - 1;
+  while (!buf[i] && !(buf[i + 1] & 0x80) && i < len) {
+    i++;
+  }
+  if (i === 0) {
+    return buf;
+  }
+  return buf.slice(i);
+}
+
+Signature.prototype._importDER = function _importDER(data, enc) {
+  data = utils.toArray(data, enc);
+  var p = new Position();
+  if (data[p.place++] !== 0x30) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  var len = getLength(data, p);
+  if ((len + p.place) !== data.length) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (data[p.place++] !== 0x02) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  var rlen = getLength(data, p);
+  var r = data.slice(p.place, rlen + p.place);
+  p.place += rlen;
+  if (data[p.place++] !== 0x02) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  var slen = getLength(data, p);
+  if (data.length !== slen + p.place) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  var s = data.slice(p.place, slen + p.place);
+  if (r[0] === 0 && (r[1] & 0x80)) {
+    r = r.slice(1);
+  }
+  if (s[0] === 0 && (s[1] & 0x80)) {
+    s = s.slice(1);
+  }
+
+  this.r = new BN(r);
+  this.s = new BN(s);
+  this.recoveryParam = null;
+
+  return true;
+};
 
-  return verifyRaw(curve, e, signature, Q)
-}
+function constructLength(arr, len) {
+  if (len < 0x80) {
+    arr.push(len);
+    return;
+  }
+  var octets = 1 + (Math.log(len) / Math.LN2 >>> 3);
+  arr.push(octets | 0x80);
+  while (--octets) {
+    arr.push((len >>> (octets << 3)) & 0xff);
+  }
+  arr.push(len);
+}
+
+Signature.prototype.toDER = function toDER(enc) {
+  var r = this.r.toArray();
+  var s = this.s.toArray();
+
+  // Pad values
+  if (r[0] & 0x80)
+    r = [ 0 ].concat(r);
+  // Pad values
+  if (s[0] & 0x80)
+    s = [ 0 ].concat(s);
+
+  r = rmPadding(r);
+  s = rmPadding(s);
+
+  while (!s[0] && !(s[1] & 0x80)) {
+    s = s.slice(1);
+  }
+  var arr = [ 0x02 ];
+  constructLength(arr, r.length);
+  arr = arr.concat(r);
+  arr.push(0x02);
+  constructLength(arr, s.length);
+  var backHalf = arr.concat(s);
+  var res = [ 0x30 ];
+  constructLength(res, backHalf.length);
+  res = res.concat(backHalf);
+  return utils.encode(res, enc);
+};
 
-/**
-  * Recover a public key from a signature.
-  *
-  * See SEC 1: Elliptic Curve Cryptography, section 4.1.6, "Public
-  * Key Recovery Operation".
-  *
-  * http://www.secg.org/download/aid-780/sec1-v2.pdf
-  */
-function recoverPubKey (curve, e, signature, i) {
-  assert.strictEqual(i & 3, i, 'Recovery param is more than two bits')
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"bn.js":33}],49:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-  var n = curve.n
-  var G = curve.G
+var hash = require('hash.js');
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
+var parseBytes = utils.parseBytes;
+var KeyPair = require('./key');
+var Signature = require('./signature');
 
-  var r = signature.r
-  var s = signature.s
+function EDDSA(curve) {
+  assert(curve === 'ed25519', 'only tested with ed25519 so far');
 
-  assert(r.signum() > 0 && r.compareTo(n) < 0, 'Invalid r value')
-  assert(s.signum() > 0 && s.compareTo(n) < 0, 'Invalid s value')
+  if (!(this instanceof EDDSA))
+    return new EDDSA(curve);
 
-  // A set LSB signifies that the y-coordinate is odd
-  var isYOdd = i & 1
+  var curve = elliptic.curves[curve].curve;
+  this.curve = curve;
+  this.g = curve.g;
+  this.g.precompute(curve.n.bitLength() + 1);
 
-  // The more significant bit specifies whether we should use the
-  // first or second candidate key.
-  var isSecondKey = i >> 1
+  this.pointClass = curve.point().constructor;
+  this.encodingLength = Math.ceil(curve.n.bitLength() / 8);
+  this.hash = hash.sha512;
+}
 
-  // 1.1 Let x = r + jn
-  var x = isSecondKey ? r.add(n) : r
-  var R = curve.pointFromX(isYOdd, x)
+module.exports = EDDSA;
 
-  // 1.4 Check that nR is at infinity
-  var nR = R.multiply(n)
-  assert(curve.isInfinity(nR), 'nR is not a valid curve point')
+/**
+* @param {Array|String} message - message bytes
+* @param {Array|String|KeyPair} secret - secret bytes or a keypair
+* @returns {Signature} - signature
+*/
+EDDSA.prototype.sign = function sign(message, secret) {
+  message = parseBytes(message);
+  var key = this.keyFromSecret(secret);
+  var r = this.hashInt(key.messagePrefix(), message);
+  var R = this.g.mul(r);
+  var Rencoded = this.encodePoint(R);
+  var s_ = this.hashInt(Rencoded, key.pubBytes(), message)
+               .mul(key.priv());
+  var S = r.add(s_).umod(this.curve.n);
+  return this.makeSignature({ R: R, S: S, Rencoded: Rencoded });
+};
 
-  // Compute -e from e
-  var eNeg = e.negate().mod(n)
+/**
+* @param {Array} message - message bytes
+* @param {Array|String|Signature} sig - sig bytes
+* @param {Array|String|Point|KeyPair} pub - public key
+* @returns {Boolean} - true if public key matches sig of message
+*/
+EDDSA.prototype.verify = function verify(message, sig, pub) {
+  message = parseBytes(message);
+  sig = this.makeSignature(sig);
+  var key = this.keyFromPublic(pub);
+  var h = this.hashInt(sig.Rencoded(), key.pubBytes(), message);
+  var SG = this.g.mul(sig.S());
+  var RplusAh = sig.R().add(key.pub().mul(h));
+  return RplusAh.eq(SG);
+};
 
-  // 1.6.1 Compute Q = r^-1 (sR -  eG)
-  //               Q = r^-1 (sR + -eG)
-  var rInv = r.modInverse(n)
+EDDSA.prototype.hashInt = function hashInt() {
+  var hash = this.hash();
+  for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++)
+    hash.update(arguments[i]);
+  return utils.intFromLE(hash.digest()).umod(this.curve.n);
+};
 
-  var Q = R.multiplyTwo(s, G, eNeg).multiply(rInv)
-  curve.validate(Q)
+EDDSA.prototype.keyFromPublic = function keyFromPublic(pub) {
+  return KeyPair.fromPublic(this, pub);
+};
 
-  return Q
-}
+EDDSA.prototype.keyFromSecret = function keyFromSecret(secret) {
+  return KeyPair.fromSecret(this, secret);
+};
+
+EDDSA.prototype.makeSignature = function makeSignature(sig) {
+  if (sig instanceof Signature)
+    return sig;
+  return new Signature(this, sig);
+};
 
 /**
-  * Calculate pubkey extraction parameter.
-  *
-  * When extracting a pubkey from a signature, we have to
-  * distinguish four different cases. Rather than putting this
-  * burden on the verifier, Bitcoin includes a 2-bit value with the
-  * signature.
-  *
-  * This function simply tries all four cases and returns the value
-  * that resulted in a successful pubkey recovery.
-  */
-function calcPubKeyRecoveryParam (curve, e, signature, Q) {
-  for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-    var Qprime = recoverPubKey(curve, e, signature, i)
+* * https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-josefsson-eddsa-ed25519-03#section-5.2
+*
+* EDDSA defines methods for encoding and decoding points and integers. These are
+* helper convenience methods, that pass along to utility functions implied
+* parameters.
+*
+*/
+EDDSA.prototype.encodePoint = function encodePoint(point) {
+  var enc = point.getY().toArray('le', this.encodingLength);
+  enc[this.encodingLength - 1] |= point.getX().isOdd() ? 0x80 : 0;
+  return enc;
+};
 
-    // 1.6.2 Verify Q
-    if (Qprime.equals(Q)) {
-      return i
-    }
-  }
+EDDSA.prototype.decodePoint = function decodePoint(bytes) {
+  bytes = utils.parseBytes(bytes);
 
-  throw new Error('Unable to find valid recovery factor')
-}
+  var lastIx = bytes.length - 1;
+  var normed = bytes.slice(0, lastIx).concat(bytes[lastIx] & ~0x80);
+  var xIsOdd = (bytes[lastIx] & 0x80) !== 0;
 
-module.exports = {
-  calcPubKeyRecoveryParam: calcPubKeyRecoveryParam,
-  deterministicGenerateK: deterministicGenerateK,
-  recoverPubKey: recoverPubKey,
-  sign: sign,
-  verify: verify,
-  verifyRaw: verifyRaw
-}
+  var y = utils.intFromLE(normed);
+  return this.curve.pointFromY(y, xIsOdd);
+};
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./ecsignature":62,"assert":5,"bigi":3,"buffer":7,"create-hmac":45,"typeforce":53}],60:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var base58check = require('bs58check')
-var ecdsa = require('./ecdsa')
-var networks = require('./networks')
-var randomBytes = require('randombytes')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+EDDSA.prototype.encodeInt = function encodeInt(num) {
+  return num.toArray('le', this.encodingLength);
+};
 
-var BigInteger = require('bigi')
-var ECPubKey = require('./ecpubkey')
+EDDSA.prototype.decodeInt = function decodeInt(bytes) {
+  return utils.intFromLE(bytes);
+};
 
-var ecurve = require('ecurve')
-var secp256k1 = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+EDDSA.prototype.isPoint = function isPoint(val) {
+  return val instanceof this.pointClass;
+};
 
-function ECKey (d, compressed) {
-  assert(d.signum() > 0, 'Private key must be greater than 0')
-  assert(d.compareTo(ECKey.curve.n) < 0, 'Private key must be less than the curve order')
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"./key":50,"./signature":51,"hash.js":57}],50:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-  var Q = ECKey.curve.G.multiply(d)
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
+var parseBytes = utils.parseBytes;
+var cachedProperty = utils.cachedProperty;
 
-  this.d = d
-  this.pub = new ECPubKey(Q, compressed)
+/**
+* @param {EDDSA} eddsa - instance
+* @param {Object} params - public/private key parameters
+*
+* @param {Array<Byte>} [params.secret] - secret seed bytes
+* @param {Point} [params.pub] - public key point (aka `A` in eddsa terms)
+* @param {Array<Byte>} [params.pub] - public key point encoded as bytes
+*
+*/
+function KeyPair(eddsa, params) {
+  this.eddsa = eddsa;
+  this._secret = parseBytes(params.secret);
+  if (eddsa.isPoint(params.pub))
+    this._pub = params.pub;
+  else
+    this._pubBytes = parseBytes(params.pub);
 }
 
-// Constants
-ECKey.curve = secp256k1
-
-// Static constructors
-ECKey.fromWIF = function (string) {
-  var payload = base58check.decode(string)
-  var compressed = false
+KeyPair.fromPublic = function fromPublic(eddsa, pub) {
+  if (pub instanceof KeyPair)
+    return pub;
+  return new KeyPair(eddsa, { pub: pub });
+};
 
-  // Ignore the version byte
-  payload = payload.slice(1)
+KeyPair.fromSecret = function fromSecret(eddsa, secret) {
+  if (secret instanceof KeyPair)
+    return secret;
+  return new KeyPair(eddsa, { secret: secret });
+};
 
-  if (payload.length === 33) {
-    assert.strictEqual(payload[32], 0x01, 'Invalid compression flag')
+KeyPair.prototype.secret = function secret() {
+  return this._secret;
+};
 
-    // Truncate the compression flag
-    payload = payload.slice(0, -1)
-    compressed = true
-  }
+cachedProperty(KeyPair, 'pubBytes', function pubBytes() {
+  return this.eddsa.encodePoint(this.pub());
+});
 
-  assert.equal(payload.length, 32, 'Invalid WIF payload length')
+cachedProperty(KeyPair, 'pub', function pub() {
+  if (this._pubBytes)
+    return this.eddsa.decodePoint(this._pubBytes);
+  return this.eddsa.g.mul(this.priv());
+});
 
-  var d = BigInteger.fromBuffer(payload)
-  return new ECKey(d, compressed)
-}
+cachedProperty(KeyPair, 'privBytes', function privBytes() {
+  var eddsa = this.eddsa;
+  var hash = this.hash();
+  var lastIx = eddsa.encodingLength - 1;
 
-ECKey.makeRandom = function (compressed, rng) {
-  rng = rng || randomBytes
+  var a = hash.slice(0, eddsa.encodingLength);
+  a[0] &= 248;
+  a[lastIx] &= 127;
+  a[lastIx] |= 64;
 
-  var buffer = rng(32)
-  typeForce('Buffer', buffer)
-  assert.equal(buffer.length, 32, 'Expected 256-bit Buffer from RNG')
+  return a;
+});
 
-  var d = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer)
-  d = d.mod(ECKey.curve.n)
+cachedProperty(KeyPair, 'priv', function priv() {
+  return this.eddsa.decodeInt(this.privBytes());
+});
 
-  return new ECKey(d, compressed)
-}
+cachedProperty(KeyPair, 'hash', function hash() {
+  return this.eddsa.hash().update(this.secret()).digest();
+});
 
-// Export functions
-ECKey.prototype.toWIF = function (network) {
-  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+cachedProperty(KeyPair, 'messagePrefix', function messagePrefix() {
+  return this.hash().slice(this.eddsa.encodingLength);
+});
 
-  var bufferLen = this.pub.compressed ? 34 : 33
-  var buffer = new Buffer(bufferLen)
+KeyPair.prototype.sign = function sign(message) {
+  assert(this._secret, 'KeyPair can only verify');
+  return this.eddsa.sign(message, this);
+};
 
-  buffer.writeUInt8(network.wif, 0)
-  this.d.toBuffer(32).copy(buffer, 1)
+KeyPair.prototype.verify = function verify(message, sig) {
+  return this.eddsa.verify(message, sig, this);
+};
 
-  if (this.pub.compressed) {
-    buffer.writeUInt8(0x01, 33)
-  }
+KeyPair.prototype.getSecret = function getSecret(enc) {
+  assert(this._secret, 'KeyPair is public only');
+  return utils.encode(this.secret(), enc);
+};
 
-  return base58check.encode(buffer)
-}
+KeyPair.prototype.getPublic = function getPublic(enc) {
+  return utils.encode(this.pubBytes(), enc);
+};
 
-// Operations
-ECKey.prototype.sign = function (hash) {
-  return ecdsa.sign(ECKey.curve, hash, this.d)
-}
+module.exports = KeyPair;
 
-module.exports = ECKey
+},{"../../elliptic":39}],51:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./ecdsa":59,"./ecpubkey":61,"./networks":66,"assert":5,"bigi":3,"bs58check":31,"buffer":7,"ecurve":49,"randombytes":52,"typeforce":53}],61:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var crypto = require('./crypto')
-var ecdsa = require('./ecdsa')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
-var networks = require('./networks')
+var BN = require('bn.js');
+var elliptic = require('../../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
+var cachedProperty = utils.cachedProperty;
+var parseBytes = utils.parseBytes;
 
-var Address = require('./address')
+/**
+* @param {EDDSA} eddsa - eddsa instance
+* @param {Array<Bytes>|Object} sig -
+* @param {Array<Bytes>|Point} [sig.R] - R point as Point or bytes
+* @param {Array<Bytes>|bn} [sig.S] - S scalar as bn or bytes
+* @param {Array<Bytes>} [sig.Rencoded] - R point encoded
+* @param {Array<Bytes>} [sig.Sencoded] - S scalar encoded
+*/
+function Signature(eddsa, sig) {
+  this.eddsa = eddsa;
 
-var ecurve = require('ecurve')
-var secp256k1 = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+  if (typeof sig !== 'object')
+    sig = parseBytes(sig);
 
-function ECPubKey (Q, compressed) {
-  if (compressed === undefined) {
-    compressed = true
+  if (Array.isArray(sig)) {
+    sig = {
+      R: sig.slice(0, eddsa.encodingLength),
+      S: sig.slice(eddsa.encodingLength)
+    };
   }
 
-  typeForce('Point', Q)
-  typeForce('Boolean', compressed)
+  assert(sig.R && sig.S, 'Signature without R or S');
 
-  this.compressed = compressed
-  this.Q = Q
+  if (eddsa.isPoint(sig.R))
+    this._R = sig.R;
+  if (sig.S instanceof BN)
+    this._S = sig.S;
+
+  this._Rencoded = Array.isArray(sig.R) ? sig.R : sig.Rencoded;
+  this._Sencoded = Array.isArray(sig.S) ? sig.S : sig.Sencoded;
 }
 
-// Constants
-ECPubKey.curve = secp256k1
+cachedProperty(Signature, 'S', function S() {
+  return this.eddsa.decodeInt(this.Sencoded());
+});
 
-// Static constructors
-ECPubKey.fromBuffer = function (buffer) {
-  var Q = ecurve.Point.decodeFrom(ECPubKey.curve, buffer)
-  return new ECPubKey(Q, Q.compressed)
-}
+cachedProperty(Signature, 'R', function R() {
+  return this.eddsa.decodePoint(this.Rencoded());
+});
 
-ECPubKey.fromHex = function (hex) {
-  return ECPubKey.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'))
-}
+cachedProperty(Signature, 'Rencoded', function Rencoded() {
+  return this.eddsa.encodePoint(this.R());
+});
 
-// Operations
-ECPubKey.prototype.getAddress = function (network) {
-  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+cachedProperty(Signature, 'Sencoded', function Sencoded() {
+  return this.eddsa.encodeInt(this.S());
+});
 
-  return new Address(crypto.hash160(this.toBuffer()), network.pubKeyHash)
-}
+Signature.prototype.toBytes = function toBytes() {
+  return this.Rencoded().concat(this.Sencoded());
+};
 
-ECPubKey.prototype.verify = function (hash, signature) {
-  return ecdsa.verify(ECPubKey.curve, hash, signature, this.Q)
-}
+Signature.prototype.toHex = function toHex() {
+  return utils.encode(this.toBytes(), 'hex').toUpperCase();
+};
 
-// Export functions
-ECPubKey.prototype.toBuffer = function () {
-  return this.Q.getEncoded(this.compressed)
-}
+module.exports = Signature;
 
-ECPubKey.prototype.toHex = function () {
-  return this.toBuffer().toString('hex')
-}
+},{"../../elliptic":39,"bn.js":33}],52:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-module.exports = ECPubKey
+var hash = require('hash.js');
+var elliptic = require('../elliptic');
+var utils = elliptic.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./address":54,"./crypto":58,"./ecdsa":59,"./networks":66,"buffer":7,"ecurve":49,"typeforce":53}],62:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+function HmacDRBG(options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof HmacDRBG))
+    return new HmacDRBG(options);
+  this.hash = options.hash;
+  this.predResist = !!options.predResist;
 
-var BigInteger = require('bigi')
+  this.outLen = this.hash.outSize;
+  this.minEntropy = options.minEntropy || this.hash.hmacStrength;
 
-function ECSignature (r, s) {
-  typeForce('BigInteger', r)
-  typeForce('BigInteger', s)
+  this.reseed = null;
+  this.reseedInterval = null;
+  this.K = null;
+  this.V = null;
 
-  this.r = r
-  this.s = s
+  var entropy = utils.toArray(options.entropy, options.entropyEnc);
+  var nonce = utils.toArray(options.nonce, options.nonceEnc);
+  var pers = utils.toArray(options.pers, options.persEnc);
+  assert(entropy.length >= (this.minEntropy / 8),
+         'Not enough entropy. Minimum is: ' + this.minEntropy + ' bits');
+  this._init(entropy, nonce, pers);
 }
+module.exports = HmacDRBG;
 
-ECSignature.parseCompact = function (buffer) {
-  assert.equal(buffer.length, 65, 'Invalid signature length')
-  var i = buffer.readUInt8(0) - 27
+HmacDRBG.prototype._init = function init(entropy, nonce, pers) {
+  var seed = entropy.concat(nonce).concat(pers);
 
-  // At most 3 bits
-  assert.equal(i, i & 7, 'Invalid signature parameter')
-  var compressed = !!(i & 4)
+  this.K = new Array(this.outLen / 8);
+  this.V = new Array(this.outLen / 8);
+  for (var i = 0; i < this.V.length; i++) {
+    this.K[i] = 0x00;
+    this.V[i] = 0x01;
+  }
 
-  // Recovery param only
-  i = i & 3
+  this._update(seed);
+  this.reseed = 1;
+  this.reseedInterval = 0x1000000000000;  // 2^48
+};
 
-  var r = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(1, 33))
-  var s = BigInteger.fromBuffer(buffer.slice(33))
+HmacDRBG.prototype._hmac = function hmac() {
+  return new hash.hmac(this.hash, this.K);
+};
 
-  return {
-    compressed: compressed,
-    i: i,
-    signature: new ECSignature(r, s)
+HmacDRBG.prototype._update = function update(seed) {
+  var kmac = this._hmac()
+                 .update(this.V)
+                 .update([ 0x00 ]);
+  if (seed)
+    kmac = kmac.update(seed);
+  this.K = kmac.digest();
+  this.V = this._hmac().update(this.V).digest();
+  if (!seed)
+    return;
+
+  this.K = this._hmac()
+               .update(this.V)
+               .update([ 0x01 ])
+               .update(seed)
+               .digest();
+  this.V = this._hmac().update(this.V).digest();
+};
+
+HmacDRBG.prototype.reseed = function reseed(entropy, entropyEnc, add, addEnc) {
+  // Optional entropy enc
+  if (typeof entropyEnc !== 'string') {
+    addEnc = add;
+    add = entropyEnc;
+    entropyEnc = null;
   }
-}
 
-ECSignature.fromDER = function (buffer) {
-  assert.equal(buffer.readUInt8(0), 0x30, 'Not a DER sequence')
-  assert.equal(buffer.readUInt8(1), buffer.length - 2, 'Invalid sequence length')
-  assert.equal(buffer.readUInt8(2), 0x02, 'Expected a DER integer')
+  entropy = utils.toBuffer(entropy, entropyEnc);
+  add = utils.toBuffer(add, addEnc);
 
-  var rLen = buffer.readUInt8(3)
-  assert(rLen > 0, 'R length is zero')
+  assert(entropy.length >= (this.minEntropy / 8),
+         'Not enough entropy. Minimum is: ' + this.minEntropy + ' bits');
 
-  var offset = 4 + rLen
-  assert.equal(buffer.readUInt8(offset), 0x02, 'Expected a DER integer (2)')
+  this._update(entropy.concat(add || []));
+  this.reseed = 1;
+};
 
-  var sLen = buffer.readUInt8(offset + 1)
-  assert(sLen > 0, 'S length is zero')
+HmacDRBG.prototype.generate = function generate(len, enc, add, addEnc) {
+  if (this.reseed > this.reseedInterval)
+    throw new Error('Reseed is required');
 
-  var rB = buffer.slice(4, offset)
-  var sB = buffer.slice(offset + 2)
-  offset += 2 + sLen
+  // Optional encoding
+  if (typeof enc !== 'string') {
+    addEnc = add;
+    add = enc;
+    enc = null;
+  }
 
-  if (rLen > 1 && rB.readUInt8(0) === 0x00) {
-    assert(rB.readUInt8(1) & 0x80, 'R value excessively padded')
+  // Optional additional data
+  if (add) {
+    add = utils.toArray(add, addEnc);
+    this._update(add);
   }
 
-  if (sLen > 1 && sB.readUInt8(0) === 0x00) {
-    assert(sB.readUInt8(1) & 0x80, 'S value excessively padded')
+  var temp = [];
+  while (temp.length < len) {
+    this.V = this._hmac().update(this.V).digest();
+    temp = temp.concat(this.V);
   }
 
-  assert.equal(offset, buffer.length, 'Invalid DER encoding')
-  var r = BigInteger.fromDERInteger(rB)
-  var s = BigInteger.fromDERInteger(sB)
+  var res = temp.slice(0, len);
+  this._update(add);
+  this.reseed++;
+  return utils.encode(res, enc);
+};
 
-  assert(r.signum() >= 0, 'R value is negative')
-  assert(s.signum() >= 0, 'S value is negative')
+},{"../elliptic":39,"hash.js":57}],53:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = {
+  doubles: {
+    step: 4,
+    points: [
+      [
+        'e60fce93b59e9ec53011aabc21c23e97b2a31369b87a5ae9c44ee89e2a6dec0a',
+        'f7e3507399e595929db99f34f57937101296891e44d23f0be1f32cce69616821'
+      ],
+      [
+        '8282263212c609d9ea2a6e3e172de238d8c39cabd5ac1ca10646e23fd5f51508',
+        '11f8a8098557dfe45e8256e830b60ace62d613ac2f7b17bed31b6eaff6e26caf'
+      ],
+      [
+        '175e159f728b865a72f99cc6c6fc846de0b93833fd2222ed73fce5b551e5b739',
+        'd3506e0d9e3c79eba4ef97a51ff71f5eacb5955add24345c6efa6ffee9fed695'
+      ],
+      [
+        '363d90d447b00c9c99ceac05b6262ee053441c7e55552ffe526bad8f83ff4640',
+        '4e273adfc732221953b445397f3363145b9a89008199ecb62003c7f3bee9de9'
+      ],
+      [
+        '8b4b5f165df3c2be8c6244b5b745638843e4a781a15bcd1b69f79a55dffdf80c',
+        '4aad0a6f68d308b4b3fbd7813ab0da04f9e336546162ee56b3eff0c65fd4fd36'
+      ],
+      [
+        '723cbaa6e5db996d6bf771c00bd548c7b700dbffa6c0e77bcb6115925232fcda',
+        '96e867b5595cc498a921137488824d6e2660a0653779494801dc069d9eb39f5f'
+      ],
+      [
+        'eebfa4d493bebf98ba5feec812c2d3b50947961237a919839a533eca0e7dd7fa',
+        '5d9a8ca3970ef0f269ee7edaf178089d9ae4cdc3a711f712ddfd4fdae1de8999'
+      ],
+      [
+        '100f44da696e71672791d0a09b7bde459f1215a29b3c03bfefd7835b39a48db0',
+        'cdd9e13192a00b772ec8f3300c090666b7ff4a18ff5195ac0fbd5cd62bc65a09'
+      ],
+      [
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+      [
+        '3fad3fa84caf0f34f0f89bfd2dcf54fc175d767aec3e50684f3ba4a4bf5f683d',
+        'cd1bc7cb6cc407bb2f0ca647c718a730cf71872e7d0d2a53fa20efcdfe61826'
+      ],
+      [
+        '674f2600a3007a00568c1a7ce05d0816c1fb84bf1370798f1c69532faeb1a86b',
+        '299d21f9413f33b3edf43b257004580b70db57da0b182259e09eecc69e0d38a5'
+      ],
+      [
+        'd32f4da54ade74abb81b815ad1fb3b263d82d6c692714bcff87d29bd5ee9f08f',
+        'f9429e738b8e53b968e99016c059707782e14f4535359d582fc416910b3eea87'
+      ],
+      [
+        '30e4e670435385556e593657135845d36fbb6931f72b08cb1ed954f1e3ce3ff6',
+        '462f9bce619898638499350113bbc9b10a878d35da70740dc695a559eb88db7b'
+      ],
+      [
+        'be2062003c51cc3004682904330e4dee7f3dcd10b01e580bf1971b04d4cad297',
+        '62188bc49d61e5428573d48a74e1c655b1c61090905682a0d5558ed72dccb9bc'
+      ],
+      [
+        '93144423ace3451ed29e0fb9ac2af211cb6e84a601df5993c419859fff5df04a',
+        '7c10dfb164c3425f5c71a3f9d7992038f1065224f72bb9d1d902a6d13037b47c'
+      ],
+      [
+        'b015f8044f5fcbdcf21ca26d6c34fb8197829205c7b7d2a7cb66418c157b112c',
+        'ab8c1e086d04e813744a655b2df8d5f83b3cdc6faa3088c1d3aea1454e3a1d5f'
+      ],
+      [
+        'd5e9e1da649d97d89e4868117a465a3a4f8a18de57a140d36b3f2af341a21b52',
+        '4cb04437f391ed73111a13cc1d4dd0db1693465c2240480d8955e8592f27447a'
+      ],
+      [
+        'd3ae41047dd7ca065dbf8ed77b992439983005cd72e16d6f996a5316d36966bb',
+        'bd1aeb21ad22ebb22a10f0303417c6d964f8cdd7df0aca614b10dc14d125ac46'
+      ],
+      [
+        '463e2763d885f958fc66cdd22800f0a487197d0a82e377b49f80af87c897b065',
+        'bfefacdb0e5d0fd7df3a311a94de062b26b80c61fbc97508b79992671ef7ca7f'
+      ],
+      [
+        '7985fdfd127c0567c6f53ec1bb63ec3158e597c40bfe747c83cddfc910641917',
+        '603c12daf3d9862ef2b25fe1de289aed24ed291e0ec6708703a5bd567f32ed03'
+      ],
+      [
+        '74a1ad6b5f76e39db2dd249410eac7f99e74c59cb83d2d0ed5ff1543da7703e9',
+        'cc6157ef18c9c63cd6193d83631bbea0093e0968942e8c33d5737fd790e0db08'
+      ],
+      [
+        '30682a50703375f602d416664ba19b7fc9bab42c72747463a71d0896b22f6da3',
+        '553e04f6b018b4fa6c8f39e7f311d3176290d0e0f19ca73f17714d9977a22ff8'
+      ],
+      [
+        '9e2158f0d7c0d5f26c3791efefa79597654e7a2b2464f52b1ee6c1347769ef57',
+        '712fcdd1b9053f09003a3481fa7762e9ffd7c8ef35a38509e2fbf2629008373'
+      ],
+      [
+        '176e26989a43c9cfeba4029c202538c28172e566e3c4fce7322857f3be327d66',
+        'ed8cc9d04b29eb877d270b4878dc43c19aefd31f4eee09ee7b47834c1fa4b1c3'
+      ],
+      [
+        '75d46efea3771e6e68abb89a13ad747ecf1892393dfc4f1b7004788c50374da8',
+        '9852390a99507679fd0b86fd2b39a868d7efc22151346e1a3ca4726586a6bed8'
+      ],
+      [
+        '809a20c67d64900ffb698c4c825f6d5f2310fb0451c869345b7319f645605721',
+        '9e994980d9917e22b76b061927fa04143d096ccc54963e6a5ebfa5f3f8e286c1'
+      ],
+      [
+        '1b38903a43f7f114ed4500b4eac7083fdefece1cf29c63528d563446f972c180',
+        '4036edc931a60ae889353f77fd53de4a2708b26b6f5da72ad3394119daf408f9'
+      ]
+    ]
+  }
+};
 
-  return new ECSignature(r, s)
-}
+},{}],54:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
 
-// BIP62: 1 byte hashType flag (only 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x81, 0x82 and 0x83 are allowed)
-ECSignature.parseScriptSignature = function (buffer) {
-  var hashType = buffer.readUInt8(buffer.length - 1)
-  var hashTypeMod = hashType & ~0x80
+var utils = exports;
+var BN = require('bn.js');
 
-  assert(hashTypeMod > 0x00 && hashTypeMod < 0x04, 'Invalid hashType ' + hashType)
+utils.assert = function assert(val, msg) {
+  if (!val)
+    throw new Error(msg || 'Assertion failed');
+};
 
-  return {
-    signature: ECSignature.fromDER(buffer.slice(0, -1)),
-    hashType: hashType
+function toArray(msg, enc) {
+  if (Array.isArray(msg))
+    return msg.slice();
+  if (!msg)
+    return [];
+  var res = [];
+  if (typeof msg !== 'string') {
+    for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i++)
+      res[i] = msg[i] | 0;
+    return res;
+  }
+  if (!enc) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i++) {
+      var c = msg.charCodeAt(i);
+      var hi = c >> 8;
+      var lo = c & 0xff;
+      if (hi)
+        res.push(hi, lo);
+      else
+        res.push(lo);
+    }
+  } else if (enc === 'hex') {
+    msg = msg.replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/ig, '');
+    if (msg.length % 2 !== 0)
+      msg = '0' + msg;
+    for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i += 2)
+      res.push(parseInt(msg[i] + msg[i + 1], 16));
   }
+  return res;
 }
+utils.toArray = toArray;
 
-ECSignature.prototype.toCompact = function (i, compressed) {
-  if (compressed) {
-    i += 4
+function zero2(word) {
+  if (word.length === 1)
+    return '0' + word;
+  else
+    return word;
+}
+utils.zero2 = zero2;
+
+function toHex(msg) {
+  var res = '';
+  for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i++)
+    res += zero2(msg[i].toString(16));
+  return res;
+}
+utils.toHex = toHex;
+
+utils.encode = function encode(arr, enc) {
+  if (enc === 'hex')
+    return toHex(arr);
+  else
+    return arr;
+};
+
+// Represent num in a w-NAF form
+function getNAF(num, w) {
+  var naf = [];
+  var ws = 1 << (w + 1);
+  var k = num.clone();
+  while (k.cmpn(1) >= 0) {
+    var z;
+    if (k.isOdd()) {
+      var mod = k.andln(ws - 1);
+      if (mod > (ws >> 1) - 1)
+        z = (ws >> 1) - mod;
+      else
+        z = mod;
+      k.isubn(z);
+    } else {
+      z = 0;
+    }
+    naf.push(z);
+
+    // Optimization, shift by word if possible
+    var shift = (k.cmpn(0) !== 0 && k.andln(ws - 1) === 0) ? (w + 1) : 1;
+    for (var i = 1; i < shift; i++)
+      naf.push(0);
+    k.iushrn(shift);
+  }
+
+  return naf;
+}
+utils.getNAF = getNAF;
+
+// Represent k1, k2 in a Joint Sparse Form
+function getJSF(k1, k2) {
+  var jsf = [
+    [],
+    []
+  ];
+
+  k1 = k1.clone();
+  k2 = k2.clone();
+  var d1 = 0;
+  var d2 = 0;
+  while (k1.cmpn(-d1) > 0 || k2.cmpn(-d2) > 0) {
+
+    // First phase
+    var m14 = (k1.andln(3) + d1) & 3;
+    var m24 = (k2.andln(3) + d2) & 3;
+    if (m14 === 3)
+      m14 = -1;
+    if (m24 === 3)
+      m24 = -1;
+    var u1;
+    if ((m14 & 1) === 0) {
+      u1 = 0;
+    } else {
+      var m8 = (k1.andln(7) + d1) & 7;
+      if ((m8 === 3 || m8 === 5) && m24 === 2)
+        u1 = -m14;
+      else
+        u1 = m14;
+    }
+    jsf[0].push(u1);
+
+    var u2;
+    if ((m24 & 1) === 0) {
+      u2 = 0;
+    } else {
+      var m8 = (k2.andln(7) + d2) & 7;
+      if ((m8 === 3 || m8 === 5) && m14 === 2)
+        u2 = -m24;
+      else
+        u2 = m24;
+    }
+    jsf[1].push(u2);
+
+    // Second phase
+    if (2 * d1 === u1 + 1)
+      d1 = 1 - d1;
+    if (2 * d2 === u2 + 1)
+      d2 = 1 - d2;
+    k1.iushrn(1);
+    k2.iushrn(1);
   }
 
-  i += 27
+  return jsf;
+}
+utils.getJSF = getJSF;
 
-  var buffer = new Buffer(65)
-  buffer.writeUInt8(i, 0)
+function cachedProperty(obj, name, computer) {
+  var key = '_' + name;
+  obj.prototype[name] = function cachedProperty() {
+    return this[key] !== undefined ? this[key] :
+           this[key] = computer.call(this);
+  };
+}
+utils.cachedProperty = cachedProperty;
 
-  this.r.toBuffer(32).copy(buffer, 1)
-  this.s.toBuffer(32).copy(buffer, 33)
+function parseBytes(bytes) {
+  return typeof bytes === 'string' ? utils.toArray(bytes, 'hex') :
+                                     bytes;
+}
+utils.parseBytes = parseBytes;
 
-  return buffer
+function intFromLE(bytes) {
+  return new BN(bytes, 'hex', 'le');
 }
+utils.intFromLE = intFromLE;
 
-ECSignature.prototype.toDER = function () {
-  var rBa = this.r.toDERInteger()
-  var sBa = this.s.toDERInteger()
 
-  var sequence = []
+},{"bn.js":33}],55:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports={
+  "_args": [
+    [
+      {
+        "raw": "elliptic@^6.2.3",
+        "scope": null,
+        "escapedName": "elliptic",
+        "name": "elliptic",
+        "rawSpec": "^6.2.3",
+        "spec": ">=6.2.3 <7.0.0",
+        "type": "range"
+      },
+      "/home/user/ethereum/ethereumjs-util/node_modules/secp256k1"
+    ]
+  ],
+  "_from": "elliptic@>=6.2.3 <7.0.0",
+  "_id": "elliptic@6.3.3",
+  "_inCache": true,
+  "_location": "/elliptic",
+  "_nodeVersion": "7.0.0",
+  "_npmOperationalInternal": {
+    "host": "packages-18-east.internal.npmjs.com",
+    "tmp": "tmp/elliptic-6.3.3.tgz_1486422837740_0.10658654430881143"
+  },
+  "_npmUser": {
+    "name": "indutny",
+    "email": "fedor@indutny.com"
+  },
+  "_npmVersion": "3.10.8",
+  "_phantomChildren": {},
+  "_requested": {
+    "raw": "elliptic@^6.2.3",
+    "scope": null,
+    "escapedName": "elliptic",
+    "name": "elliptic",
+    "rawSpec": "^6.2.3",
+    "spec": ">=6.2.3 <7.0.0",
+    "type": "range"
+  },
+  "_requiredBy": [
+    "/browserify-sign",
+    "/create-ecdh",
+    "/secp256k1"
+  ],
+  "_resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/elliptic/-/elliptic-6.3.3.tgz",
+  "_shasum": "5482d9646d54bcb89fd7d994fc9e2e9568876e3f",
+  "_shrinkwrap": null,
+  "_spec": "elliptic@^6.2.3",
+  "_where": "/home/user/ethereum/ethereumjs-util/node_modules/secp256k1",
+  "author": {
+    "name": "Fedor Indutny",
+    "email": "fedor@indutny.com"
+  },
+  "bugs": {
+    "url": "https://github.com/indutny/elliptic/issues"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "bn.js": "^4.4.0",
+    "brorand": "^1.0.1",
+    "hash.js": "^1.0.0",
+    "inherits": "^2.0.1"
+  },
+  "description": "EC cryptography",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "brfs": "^1.4.3",
+    "coveralls": "^2.11.3",
+    "grunt": "^0.4.5",
+    "grunt-browserify": "^5.0.0",
+    "grunt-cli": "^1.2.0",
+    "grunt-contrib-connect": "^1.0.0",
+    "grunt-contrib-copy": "^1.0.0",
+    "grunt-contrib-uglify": "^1.0.1",
+    "grunt-mocha-istanbul": "^3.0.1",
+    "grunt-saucelabs": "^8.6.2",
+    "istanbul": "^0.4.2",
+    "jscs": "^2.9.0",
+    "jshint": "^2.6.0",
+    "mocha": "^2.1.0"
+  },
+  "directories": {},
+  "dist": {
+    "shasum": "5482d9646d54bcb89fd7d994fc9e2e9568876e3f",
+    "tarball": "https://registry.npmjs.org/elliptic/-/elliptic-6.3.3.tgz"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib"
+  ],
+  "gitHead": "63aee8d697e9b7fac37ece24222029117a890a7e",
+  "homepage": "https://github.com/indutny/elliptic",
+  "keywords": [
+    "EC",
+    "Elliptic",
+    "curve",
+    "Cryptography"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "main": "lib/elliptic.js",
+  "maintainers": [
+    {
+      "name": "indutny",
+      "email": "fedor@indutny.com"
+    }
+  ],
+  "name": "elliptic",
+  "optionalDependencies": {},
+  "readme": "ERROR: No README data found!",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+ssh://git@github.com/indutny/elliptic.git"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "jscs": "jscs benchmarks/*.js lib/*.js lib/**/*.js lib/**/**/*.js test/index.js",
+    "jshint": "jscs benchmarks/*.js lib/*.js lib/**/*.js lib/**/**/*.js test/index.js",
+    "lint": "npm run jscs && npm run jshint",
+    "test": "npm run lint && npm run unit",
+    "unit": "istanbul test _mocha --reporter=spec test/index.js",
+    "version": "grunt dist && git add dist/"
+  },
+  "version": "6.3.3"
+}
 
-  // INTEGER
-  sequence.push(0x02, rBa.length)
-  sequence = sequence.concat(rBa)
+},{}],56:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict';
 
-  // INTEGER
-  sequence.push(0x02, sBa.length)
-  sequence = sequence.concat(sBa)
+var isHexPrefixed = require('is-hex-prefixed');
+var stripHexPrefix = require('strip-hex-prefix');
 
-  // SEQUENCE
-  sequence.unshift(0x30, sequence.length)
+/**
+ * Pads a `String` to have an even length
+ * @param {String} value
+ * @return {String} output
+ */
+function padToEven(value) {
+  var a = value; // eslint-disable-line
 
-  return new Buffer(sequence)
+  if (typeof a !== 'string') {
+    throw new Error('[ethjs-util] while padding to even, value must be string, is currently ' + typeof a + ', while padToEven.');
+  }
+
+  if (a.length % 2) {
+    a = '0' + a;
+  }
+
+  return a;
 }
 
-ECSignature.prototype.toScriptSignature = function (hashType) {
-  var hashTypeMod = hashType & ~0x80
-  assert(hashTypeMod > 0x00 && hashTypeMod < 0x04, 'Invalid hashType ' + hashType)
+/**
+ * Converts a `Number` into a hex `String`
+ * @param {Number} i
+ * @return {String}
+ */
+function intToHex(i) {
+  var hex = i.toString(16); // eslint-disable-line
 
-  var hashTypeBuffer = new Buffer(1)
-  hashTypeBuffer.writeUInt8(hashType, 0)
+  return '0x' + padToEven(hex);
+}
 
-  return Buffer.concat([this.toDER(), hashTypeBuffer])
+/**
+ * Converts an `Number` to a `Buffer`
+ * @param {Number} i
+ * @return {Buffer}
+ */
+function intToBuffer(i) {
+  var hex = intToHex(i);
+
+  return new Buffer(hex.slice(2), 'hex');
 }
 
-module.exports = ECSignature
+/**
+ * Get the binary size of a string
+ * @param {String} str
+ * @return {Number}
+ */
+function getBinarySize(str) {
+  if (typeof str !== 'string') {
+    throw new Error('[ethjs-util] while getting binary size, method getBinarySize requires input \'str\' to be type String, got \'' + typeof str + '\'.');
+  }
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"assert":5,"bigi":3,"buffer":7,"typeforce":53}],63:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var base58check = require('bs58check')
-var bcrypto = require('./crypto')
-var createHmac = require('create-hmac')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
-var networks = require('./networks')
+  return Buffer.byteLength(str, 'utf8');
+}
 
-var BigInteger = require('bigi')
-var ECKey = require('./eckey')
-var ECPubKey = require('./ecpubkey')
+/**
+ * Returns TRUE if the first specified array contains all elements
+ * from the second one. FALSE otherwise.
+ *
+ * @param {array} superset
+ * @param {array} subset
+ *
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function arrayContainsArray(superset, subset, some) {
+  if (Array.isArray(superset) !== true) {
+    throw new Error('[ethjs-util] method arrayContainsArray requires input \'superset\' to be an array got type \'' + typeof superset + '\'');
+  }
+  if (Array.isArray(subset) !== true) {
+    throw new Error('[ethjs-util] method arrayContainsArray requires input \'subset\' to be an array got type \'' + typeof subset + '\'');
+  }
 
-var ecurve = require('ecurve')
-var curve = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+  return subset[Boolean(some) && 'some' || 'every'](function (value) {
+    return superset.indexOf(value) >= 0;
+  });
+}
 
-function findBIP32NetworkByVersion (version) {
-  for (var name in networks) {
-    var network = networks[name]
+/**
+ * Should be called to get utf8 from it's hex representation
+ *
+ * @method toUtf8
+ * @param {String} string in hex
+ * @returns {String} ascii string representation of hex value
+ */
+function toUtf8(hex) {
+  var bufferValue = new Buffer(padToEven(stripHexPrefix(hex).replace(/^0+|0+$/g, '')), 'hex');
 
-    if (version === network.bip32.private || version === network.bip32.public) {
-      return network
-    }
+  return bufferValue.toString('utf8');
+}
+
+/**
+ * Should be called to get ascii from it's hex representation
+ *
+ * @method toAscii
+ * @param {String} string in hex
+ * @returns {String} ascii string representation of hex value
+ */
+function toAscii(hex) {
+  var str = ''; // eslint-disable-line
+  var i = 0,
+      l = hex.length; // eslint-disable-line
+
+  if (hex.substring(0, 2) === '0x') {
+    i = 2;
   }
 
-  assert(false, 'Could not find network for ' + version.toString(16))
+  for (; i < l; i += 2) {
+    var code = parseInt(hex.substr(i, 2), 16);
+    str += String.fromCharCode(code);
+  }
+
+  return str;
 }
 
-function HDNode (K, chainCode, network) {
-  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+/**
+ * Should be called to get hex representation (prefixed by 0x) of utf8 string
+ *
+ * @method fromUtf8
+ * @param {String} string
+ * @param {Number} optional padding
+ * @returns {String} hex representation of input string
+ */
+function fromUtf8(stringValue) {
+  var str = new Buffer(stringValue, 'utf8');
 
-  typeForce('Buffer', chainCode)
+  return '0x' + padToEven(str.toString('hex')).replace(/^0+|0+$/g, '');
+}
 
-  assert.equal(chainCode.length, 32, 'Expected chainCode length of 32, got ' + chainCode.length)
-  assert(network.bip32, 'Unknown BIP32 constants for network')
+/**
+ * Should be called to get hex representation (prefixed by 0x) of ascii string
+ *
+ * @method fromAscii
+ * @param {String} string
+ * @param {Number} optional padding
+ * @returns {String} hex representation of input string
+ */
+function fromAscii(stringValue) {
+  var hex = ''; // eslint-disable-line
+  for (var i = 0; i < stringValue.length; i++) {
+    // eslint-disable-line
+    var code = stringValue.charCodeAt(i);
+    var n = code.toString(16);
+    hex += n.length < 2 ? '0' + n : n;
+  }
 
-  this.chainCode = chainCode
-  this.depth = 0
-  this.index = 0
-  this.parentFingerprint = 0x00000000
-  this.network = network
+  return '0x' + hex;
+}
 
-  if (K instanceof BigInteger) {
-    this.privKey = new ECKey(K, true)
-    this.pubKey = this.privKey.pub
-  } else if (K instanceof ECKey) {
-    assert(K.pub.compressed, 'ECKey must be compressed')
-    this.privKey = K
-    this.pubKey = K.pub
-  } else if (K instanceof ECPubKey) {
-    assert(K.compressed, 'ECPubKey must be compressed')
-    this.pubKey = K
-  } else {
-    this.pubKey = new ECPubKey(K, true)
+/**
+ * getKeys([{a: 1, b: 2}, {a: 3, b: 4}], 'a') => [1, 3]
+ *
+ * @method getKeys get specific key from inner object array of objects
+ * @param {String} params
+ * @param {String} key
+ * @param {Boolean} allowEmpty
+ * @returns {Array} output just a simple array of output keys
+ */
+function getKeys(params, key, allowEmpty) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(params)) {
+    throw new Error('[ethjs-util] method getKeys expecting type Array as \'params\' input, got \'' + typeof params + '\'');
+  }
+  if (typeof key !== 'string') {
+    throw new Error('[ethjs-util] method getKeys expecting type String for input \'key\' got \'' + typeof key + '\'.');
   }
-}
 
-HDNode.MASTER_SECRET = new Buffer('Bitcoin seed')
-HDNode.HIGHEST_BIT = 0x80000000
-HDNode.LENGTH = 78
+  var result = []; // eslint-disable-line
 
-HDNode.fromSeedBuffer = function (seed, network) {
-  typeForce('Buffer', seed)
+  for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
+    // eslint-disable-line
+    var value = params[i][key]; // eslint-disable-line
+    if (allowEmpty && !value) {
+      value = '';
+    } else if (typeof value !== 'string') {
+      throw new Error('invalid abi');
+    }
+    result.push(value);
+  }
 
-  assert(seed.length >= 16, 'Seed should be at least 128 bits')
-  assert(seed.length <= 64, 'Seed should be at most 512 bits')
+  return result;
+}
 
-  var I = createHmac('sha512', HDNode.MASTER_SECRET).update(seed).digest()
-  var IL = I.slice(0, 32)
-  var IR = I.slice(32)
+/**
+ * Is the string a hex string.
+ *
+ * @method check if string is hex string of specific length
+ * @param {String} value
+ * @param {Number} length
+ * @returns {Boolean} output the string is a hex string
+ */
+function isHexString(value, length) {
+  if (typeof value !== 'string' || !value.match(/^0x[0-9A-Fa-f]*$/)) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
-  // In case IL is 0 or >= n, the master key is invalid
-  // This is handled by `new ECKey` in the HDNode constructor
-  var pIL = BigInteger.fromBuffer(IL)
+  if (length && value.length !== 2 + 2 * length) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
-  return new HDNode(pIL, IR, network)
+  return true;
 }
 
-HDNode.fromSeedHex = function (hex, network) {
-  return HDNode.fromSeedBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'), network)
-}
+module.exports = {
+  arrayContainsArray: arrayContainsArray,
+  intToBuffer: intToBuffer,
+  getBinarySize: getBinarySize,
+  isHexPrefixed: isHexPrefixed,
+  stripHexPrefix: stripHexPrefix,
+  padToEven: padToEven,
+  intToHex: intToHex,
+  fromAscii: fromAscii,
+  fromUtf8: fromUtf8,
+  toAscii: toAscii,
+  toUtf8: toUtf8,
+  getKeys: getKeys,
+  isHexString: isHexString
+};
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":5,"is-hex-prefixed":64,"strip-hex-prefix":87}],57:[function(require,module,exports){
+var hash = exports;
+
+hash.utils = require('./hash/utils');
+hash.common = require('./hash/common');
+hash.sha = require('./hash/sha');
+hash.ripemd = require('./hash/ripemd');
+hash.hmac = require('./hash/hmac');
+
+// Proxy hash functions to the main object
+hash.sha1 = hash.sha.sha1;
+hash.sha256 = hash.sha.sha256;
+hash.sha224 = hash.sha.sha224;
+hash.sha384 = hash.sha.sha384;
+hash.sha512 = hash.sha.sha512;
+hash.ripemd160 = hash.ripemd.ripemd160;
+
+},{"./hash/common":58,"./hash/hmac":59,"./hash/ripemd":60,"./hash/sha":61,"./hash/utils":62}],58:[function(require,module,exports){
+var hash = require('../hash');
+var utils = hash.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
+
+function BlockHash() {
+  this.pending = null;
+  this.pendingTotal = 0;
+  this.blockSize = this.constructor.blockSize;
+  this.outSize = this.constructor.outSize;
+  this.hmacStrength = this.constructor.hmacStrength;
+  this.padLength = this.constructor.padLength / 8;
+  this.endian = 'big';
+
+  this._delta8 = this.blockSize / 8;
+  this._delta32 = this.blockSize / 32;
+}
+exports.BlockHash = BlockHash;
+
+BlockHash.prototype.update = function update(msg, enc) {
+  // Convert message to array, pad it, and join into 32bit blocks
+  msg = utils.toArray(msg, enc);
+  if (!this.pending)
+    this.pending = msg;
+  else
+    this.pending = this.pending.concat(msg);
+  this.pendingTotal += msg.length;
+
+  // Enough data, try updating
+  if (this.pending.length >= this._delta8) {
+    msg = this.pending;
 
-HDNode.fromBase58 = function (string, network) {
-  return HDNode.fromBuffer(base58check.decode(string), network, true)
-}
+    // Process pending data in blocks
+    var r = msg.length % this._delta8;
+    this.pending = msg.slice(msg.length - r, msg.length);
+    if (this.pending.length === 0)
+      this.pending = null;
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-HDNode.fromBuffer = function (buffer, network, __ignoreDeprecation) {
-  if (!__ignoreDeprecation) {
-    console.warn('HDNode.fromBuffer() is deprecated for removal in 2.x.y, use fromBase58 instead')
+    msg = utils.join32(msg, 0, msg.length - r, this.endian);
+    for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i += this._delta32)
+      this._update(msg, i, i + this._delta32);
   }
 
-  assert.strictEqual(buffer.length, HDNode.LENGTH, 'Invalid buffer length')
+  return this;
+};
 
-  // 4 byte: version bytes
-  var version = buffer.readUInt32BE(0)
+BlockHash.prototype.digest = function digest(enc) {
+  this.update(this._pad());
+  assert(this.pending === null);
 
-  if (network) {
-    assert(version === network.bip32.private || version === network.bip32.public, "Network doesn't match")
+  return this._digest(enc);
+};
 
-  // auto-detect
+BlockHash.prototype._pad = function pad() {
+  var len = this.pendingTotal;
+  var bytes = this._delta8;
+  var k = bytes - ((len + this.padLength) % bytes);
+  var res = new Array(k + this.padLength);
+  res[0] = 0x80;
+  for (var i = 1; i < k; i++)
+    res[i] = 0;
+
+  // Append length
+  len <<= 3;
+  if (this.endian === 'big') {
+    for (var t = 8; t < this.padLength; t++)
+      res[i++] = 0;
+
+    res[i++] = 0;
+    res[i++] = 0;
+    res[i++] = 0;
+    res[i++] = 0;
+    res[i++] = (len >>> 24) & 0xff;
+    res[i++] = (len >>> 16) & 0xff;
+    res[i++] = (len >>> 8) & 0xff;
+    res[i++] = len & 0xff;
   } else {
-    network = findBIP32NetworkByVersion(version)
+    res[i++] = len & 0xff;
+    res[i++] = (len >>> 8) & 0xff;
+    res[i++] = (len >>> 16) & 0xff;
+    res[i++] = (len >>> 24) & 0xff;
+    res[i++] = 0;
+    res[i++] = 0;
+    res[i++] = 0;
+    res[i++] = 0;
+
+    for (var t = 8; t < this.padLength; t++)
+      res[i++] = 0;
   }
 
-  // 1 byte: depth: 0x00 for master nodes, 0x01 for level-1 descendants, ...
-  var depth = buffer.readUInt8(4)
+  return res;
+};
 
-  // 4 bytes: the fingerprint of the parent's key (0x00000000 if master key)
-  var parentFingerprint = buffer.readUInt32BE(5)
-  if (depth === 0) {
-    assert.strictEqual(parentFingerprint, 0x00000000, 'Invalid parent fingerprint')
-  }
+},{"../hash":57}],59:[function(require,module,exports){
+var hmac = exports;
 
-  // 4 bytes: child number. This is the number i in xi = xpar/i, with xi the key being serialized.
-  // This is encoded in MSB order. (0x00000000 if master key)
-  var index = buffer.readUInt32BE(9)
-  assert(depth > 0 || index === 0, 'Invalid index')
+var hash = require('../hash');
+var utils = hash.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
 
-  // 32 bytes: the chain code
-  var chainCode = buffer.slice(13, 45)
-  var data, hd
+function Hmac(hash, key, enc) {
+  if (!(this instanceof Hmac))
+    return new Hmac(hash, key, enc);
+  this.Hash = hash;
+  this.blockSize = hash.blockSize / 8;
+  this.outSize = hash.outSize / 8;
+  this.inner = null;
+  this.outer = null;
 
-  // 33 bytes: private key data (0x00 + k)
-  if (version === network.bip32.private) {
-    assert.strictEqual(buffer.readUInt8(45), 0x00, 'Invalid private key')
-    data = buffer.slice(46, 78)
-    var d = BigInteger.fromBuffer(data)
-    hd = new HDNode(d, chainCode, network)
+  this._init(utils.toArray(key, enc));
+}
+module.exports = Hmac;
 
-  // 33 bytes: public key data (0x02 + X or 0x03 + X)
-  } else {
-    data = buffer.slice(45, 78)
-    var Q = ecurve.Point.decodeFrom(curve, data)
-    assert.equal(Q.compressed, true, 'Invalid public key')
+Hmac.prototype._init = function init(key) {
+  // Shorten key, if needed
+  if (key.length > this.blockSize)
+    key = new this.Hash().update(key).digest();
+  assert(key.length <= this.blockSize);
 
-    // Verify that the X coordinate in the public point corresponds to a point on the curve.
-    // If not, the extended public key is invalid.
-    curve.validate(Q)
+  // Add padding to key
+  for (var i = key.length; i < this.blockSize; i++)
+    key.push(0);
 
-    hd = new HDNode(Q, chainCode, network)
-  }
+  for (var i = 0; i < key.length; i++)
+    key[i] ^= 0x36;
+  this.inner = new this.Hash().update(key);
 
-  hd.depth = depth
-  hd.index = index
-  hd.parentFingerprint = parentFingerprint
+  // 0x36 ^ 0x5c = 0x6a
+  for (var i = 0; i < key.length; i++)
+    key[i] ^= 0x6a;
+  this.outer = new this.Hash().update(key);
+};
 
-  return hd
-}
+Hmac.prototype.update = function update(msg, enc) {
+  this.inner.update(msg, enc);
+  return this;
+};
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-HDNode.fromHex = function (hex, network) {
-  return HDNode.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'), network)
-}
+Hmac.prototype.digest = function digest(enc) {
+  this.outer.update(this.inner.digest());
+  return this.outer.digest(enc);
+};
 
-HDNode.prototype.getIdentifier = function () {
-  return bcrypto.hash160(this.pubKey.toBuffer())
-}
+},{"../hash":57}],60:[function(require,module,exports){
+var hash = require('../hash');
+var utils = hash.utils;
+
+var rotl32 = utils.rotl32;
+var sum32 = utils.sum32;
+var sum32_3 = utils.sum32_3;
+var sum32_4 = utils.sum32_4;
+var BlockHash = hash.common.BlockHash;
+
+function RIPEMD160() {
+  if (!(this instanceof RIPEMD160))
+    return new RIPEMD160();
+
+  BlockHash.call(this);
+
+  this.h = [ 0x67452301, 0xefcdab89, 0x98badcfe, 0x10325476, 0xc3d2e1f0 ];
+  this.endian = 'little';
+}
+utils.inherits(RIPEMD160, BlockHash);
+exports.ripemd160 = RIPEMD160;
+
+RIPEMD160.blockSize = 512;
+RIPEMD160.outSize = 160;
+RIPEMD160.hmacStrength = 192;
+RIPEMD160.padLength = 64;
+
+RIPEMD160.prototype._update = function update(msg, start) {
+  var A = this.h[0];
+  var B = this.h[1];
+  var C = this.h[2];
+  var D = this.h[3];
+  var E = this.h[4];
+  var Ah = A;
+  var Bh = B;
+  var Ch = C;
+  var Dh = D;
+  var Eh = E;
+  for (var j = 0; j < 80; j++) {
+    var T = sum32(
+      rotl32(
+        sum32_4(A, f(j, B, C, D), msg[r[j] + start], K(j)),
+        s[j]),
+      E);
+    A = E;
+    E = D;
+    D = rotl32(C, 10);
+    C = B;
+    B = T;
+    T = sum32(
+      rotl32(
+        sum32_4(Ah, f(79 - j, Bh, Ch, Dh), msg[rh[j] + start], Kh(j)),
+        sh[j]),
+      Eh);
+    Ah = Eh;
+    Eh = Dh;
+    Dh = rotl32(Ch, 10);
+    Ch = Bh;
+    Bh = T;
+  }
+  T = sum32_3(this.h[1], C, Dh);
+  this.h[1] = sum32_3(this.h[2], D, Eh);
+  this.h[2] = sum32_3(this.h[3], E, Ah);
+  this.h[3] = sum32_3(this.h[4], A, Bh);
+  this.h[4] = sum32_3(this.h[0], B, Ch);
+  this.h[0] = T;
+};
 
-HDNode.prototype.getFingerprint = function () {
-  return this.getIdentifier().slice(0, 4)
-}
+RIPEMD160.prototype._digest = function digest(enc) {
+  if (enc === 'hex')
+    return utils.toHex32(this.h, 'little');
+  else
+    return utils.split32(this.h, 'little');
+};
 
-HDNode.prototype.getAddress = function () {
-  return this.pubKey.getAddress(this.network)
+function f(j, x, y, z) {
+  if (j <= 15)
+    return x ^ y ^ z;
+  else if (j <= 31)
+    return (x & y) | ((~x) & z);
+  else if (j <= 47)
+    return (x | (~y)) ^ z;
+  else if (j <= 63)
+    return (x & z) | (y & (~z));
+  else
+    return x ^ (y | (~z));
+}
+
+function K(j) {
+  if (j <= 15)
+    return 0x00000000;
+  else if (j <= 31)
+    return 0x5a827999;
+  else if (j <= 47)
+    return 0x6ed9eba1;
+  else if (j <= 63)
+    return 0x8f1bbcdc;
+  else
+    return 0xa953fd4e;
+}
+
+function Kh(j) {
+  if (j <= 15)
+    return 0x50a28be6;
+  else if (j <= 31)
+    return 0x5c4dd124;
+  else if (j <= 47)
+    return 0x6d703ef3;
+  else if (j <= 63)
+    return 0x7a6d76e9;
+  else
+    return 0x00000000;
 }
 
-HDNode.prototype.neutered = function () {
-  var neutered = new HDNode(this.pubKey.Q, this.chainCode, this.network)
-  neutered.depth = this.depth
-  neutered.index = this.index
-  neutered.parentFingerprint = this.parentFingerprint
+var r = [
+  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
+  7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8,
+  3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12,
+  1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2,
+  4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13
+];
 
-  return neutered
-}
+var rh = [
+  5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12,
+  6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2,
+  15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13,
+  8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14,
+  12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11
+];
 
-HDNode.prototype.toBase58 = function (isPrivate) {
-  return base58check.encode(this.toBuffer(isPrivate, true))
-}
+var s = [
+  11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8,
+  7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12,
+  11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5,
+  11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12,
+  9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6
+];
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-HDNode.prototype.toBuffer = function (isPrivate, __ignoreDeprecation) {
-  if (isPrivate === undefined) {
-    isPrivate = !!this.privKey
+var sh = [
+  8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6,
+  9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11,
+  9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5,
+  15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8,
+  8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11
+];
 
-  // FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-  } else {
-    console.warn('isPrivate flag is deprecated, please use the .neutered() method instead')
-  }
+},{"../hash":57}],61:[function(require,module,exports){
+var hash = require('../hash');
+var utils = hash.utils;
+var assert = utils.assert;
+
+var rotr32 = utils.rotr32;
+var rotl32 = utils.rotl32;
+var sum32 = utils.sum32;
+var sum32_4 = utils.sum32_4;
+var sum32_5 = utils.sum32_5;
+var rotr64_hi = utils.rotr64_hi;
+var rotr64_lo = utils.rotr64_lo;
+var shr64_hi = utils.shr64_hi;
+var shr64_lo = utils.shr64_lo;
+var sum64 = utils.sum64;
+var sum64_hi = utils.sum64_hi;
+var sum64_lo = utils.sum64_lo;
+var sum64_4_hi = utils.sum64_4_hi;
+var sum64_4_lo = utils.sum64_4_lo;
+var sum64_5_hi = utils.sum64_5_hi;
+var sum64_5_lo = utils.sum64_5_lo;
+var BlockHash = hash.common.BlockHash;
+
+var sha256_K = [
+  0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5,
+  0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1, 0x923f82a4, 0xab1c5ed5,
+  0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3,
+  0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe, 0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174,
+  0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786, 0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc,
+  0x2de92c6f, 0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da,
+  0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7,
+  0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147, 0x06ca6351, 0x14292967,
+  0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc, 0x53380d13,
+  0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85,
+  0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b, 0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3,
+  0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070,
+  0x19a4c116, 0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5,
+  0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3,
+  0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208,
+  0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7, 0xc67178f2
+];
 
-  if (!__ignoreDeprecation) {
-    console.warn('HDNode.toBuffer() is deprecated for removal in 2.x.y, use toBase58 instead')
-  }
+var sha512_K = [
+  0x428a2f98, 0xd728ae22, 0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd,
+  0xb5c0fbcf, 0xec4d3b2f, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x8189dbbc,
+  0x3956c25b, 0xf348b538, 0x59f111f1, 0xb605d019,
+  0x923f82a4, 0xaf194f9b, 0xab1c5ed5, 0xda6d8118,
+  0xd807aa98, 0xa3030242, 0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe,
+  0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c, 0x550c7dc3, 0xd5ffb4e2,
+  0x72be5d74, 0xf27b896f, 0x80deb1fe, 0x3b1696b1,
+  0x9bdc06a7, 0x25c71235, 0xc19bf174, 0xcf692694,
+  0xe49b69c1, 0x9ef14ad2, 0xefbe4786, 0x384f25e3,
+  0x0fc19dc6, 0x8b8cd5b5, 0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65,
+  0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275, 0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483,
+  0x5cb0a9dc, 0xbd41fbd4, 0x76f988da, 0x831153b5,
+  0x983e5152, 0xee66dfab, 0xa831c66d, 0x2db43210,
+  0xb00327c8, 0x98fb213f, 0xbf597fc7, 0xbeef0ee4,
+  0xc6e00bf3, 0x3da88fc2, 0xd5a79147, 0x930aa725,
+  0x06ca6351, 0xe003826f, 0x14292967, 0x0a0e6e70,
+  0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc, 0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926,
+  0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed, 0x53380d13, 0x9d95b3df,
+  0x650a7354, 0x8baf63de, 0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8,
+  0x81c2c92e, 0x47edaee6, 0x92722c85, 0x1482353b,
+  0xa2bfe8a1, 0x4cf10364, 0xa81a664b, 0xbc423001,
+  0xc24b8b70, 0xd0f89791, 0xc76c51a3, 0x0654be30,
+  0xd192e819, 0xd6ef5218, 0xd6990624, 0x5565a910,
+  0xf40e3585, 0x5771202a, 0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8,
+  0x19a4c116, 0xb8d2d0c8, 0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53,
+  0x2748774c, 0xdf8eeb99, 0x34b0bcb5, 0xe19b48a8,
+  0x391c0cb3, 0xc5c95a63, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0xe3418acb,
+  0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373, 0x682e6ff3, 0xd6b2b8a3,
+  0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc, 0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60,
+  0x84c87814, 0xa1f0ab72, 0x8cc70208, 0x1a6439ec,
+  0x90befffa, 0x23631e28, 0xa4506ceb, 0xde82bde9,
+  0xbef9a3f7, 0xb2c67915, 0xc67178f2, 0xe372532b,
+  0xca273ece, 0xea26619c, 0xd186b8c7, 0x21c0c207,
+  0xeada7dd6, 0xcde0eb1e, 0xf57d4f7f, 0xee6ed178,
+  0x06f067aa, 0x72176fba, 0x0a637dc5, 0xa2c898a6,
+  0x113f9804, 0xbef90dae, 0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b,
+  0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84, 0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493,
+  0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc, 0x431d67c4, 0x9c100d4c,
+  0x4cc5d4be, 0xcb3e42b6, 0x597f299c, 0xfc657e2a,
+  0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec, 0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817
+];
 
-  // Version
-  var version = isPrivate ? this.network.bip32.private : this.network.bip32.public
-  var buffer = new Buffer(HDNode.LENGTH)
+var sha1_K = [
+  0x5A827999, 0x6ED9EBA1,
+  0x8F1BBCDC, 0xCA62C1D6
+];
 
-  // 4 bytes: version bytes
-  buffer.writeUInt32BE(version, 0)
+function SHA256() {
+  if (!(this instanceof SHA256))
+    return new SHA256();
+
+  BlockHash.call(this);
+  this.h = [ 0x6a09e667, 0xbb67ae85, 0x3c6ef372, 0xa54ff53a,
+             0x510e527f, 0x9b05688c, 0x1f83d9ab, 0x5be0cd19 ];
+  this.k = sha256_K;
+  this.W = new Array(64);
+}
+utils.inherits(SHA256, BlockHash);
+exports.sha256 = SHA256;
+
+SHA256.blockSize = 512;
+SHA256.outSize = 256;
+SHA256.hmacStrength = 192;
+SHA256.padLength = 64;
+
+SHA256.prototype._update = function _update(msg, start) {
+  var W = this.W;
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+    W[i] = msg[start + i];
+  for (; i < W.length; i++)
+    W[i] = sum32_4(g1_256(W[i - 2]), W[i - 7], g0_256(W[i - 15]), W[i - 16]);
+
+  var a = this.h[0];
+  var b = this.h[1];
+  var c = this.h[2];
+  var d = this.h[3];
+  var e = this.h[4];
+  var f = this.h[5];
+  var g = this.h[6];
+  var h = this.h[7];
+
+  assert(this.k.length === W.length);
+  for (var i = 0; i < W.length; i++) {
+    var T1 = sum32_5(h, s1_256(e), ch32(e, f, g), this.k[i], W[i]);
+    var T2 = sum32(s0_256(a), maj32(a, b, c));
+    h = g;
+    g = f;
+    f = e;
+    e = sum32(d, T1);
+    d = c;
+    c = b;
+    b = a;
+    a = sum32(T1, T2);
+  }
+
+  this.h[0] = sum32(this.h[0], a);
+  this.h[1] = sum32(this.h[1], b);
+  this.h[2] = sum32(this.h[2], c);
+  this.h[3] = sum32(this.h[3], d);
+  this.h[4] = sum32(this.h[4], e);
+  this.h[5] = sum32(this.h[5], f);
+  this.h[6] = sum32(this.h[6], g);
+  this.h[7] = sum32(this.h[7], h);
+};
 
-  // Depth
-  // 1 byte: depth: 0x00 for master nodes, 0x01 for level-1 descendants, ....
-  buffer.writeUInt8(this.depth, 4)
+SHA256.prototype._digest = function digest(enc) {
+  if (enc === 'hex')
+    return utils.toHex32(this.h, 'big');
+  else
+    return utils.split32(this.h, 'big');
+};
 
-  // 4 bytes: the fingerprint of the parent's key (0x00000000 if master key)
-  buffer.writeUInt32BE(this.parentFingerprint, 5)
+function SHA224() {
+  if (!(this instanceof SHA224))
+    return new SHA224();
 
-  // 4 bytes: child number. This is the number i in xi = xpar/i, with xi the key being serialized.
-  // This is encoded in Big endian. (0x00000000 if master key)
-  buffer.writeUInt32BE(this.index, 9)
+  SHA256.call(this);
+  this.h = [ 0xc1059ed8, 0x367cd507, 0x3070dd17, 0xf70e5939,
+             0xffc00b31, 0x68581511, 0x64f98fa7, 0xbefa4fa4 ];
+}
+utils.inherits(SHA224, SHA256);
+exports.sha224 = SHA224;
 
-  // 32 bytes: the chain code
-  this.chainCode.copy(buffer, 13)
+SHA224.blockSize = 512;
+SHA224.outSize = 224;
+SHA224.hmacStrength = 192;
+SHA224.padLength = 64;
 
-  // 33 bytes: the public key or private key data
-  if (isPrivate) {
-    // FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-    assert(this.privKey, 'Missing private key')
+SHA224.prototype._digest = function digest(enc) {
+  // Just truncate output
+  if (enc === 'hex')
+    return utils.toHex32(this.h.slice(0, 7), 'big');
+  else
+    return utils.split32(this.h.slice(0, 7), 'big');
+};
 
-    // 0x00 + k for private keys
-    buffer.writeUInt8(0, 45)
-    this.privKey.d.toBuffer(32).copy(buffer, 46)
-  } else {
-    // X9.62 encoding for public keys
-    this.pubKey.toBuffer().copy(buffer, 45)
+function SHA512() {
+  if (!(this instanceof SHA512))
+    return new SHA512();
+
+  BlockHash.call(this);
+  this.h = [ 0x6a09e667, 0xf3bcc908,
+             0xbb67ae85, 0x84caa73b,
+             0x3c6ef372, 0xfe94f82b,
+             0xa54ff53a, 0x5f1d36f1,
+             0x510e527f, 0xade682d1,
+             0x9b05688c, 0x2b3e6c1f,
+             0x1f83d9ab, 0xfb41bd6b,
+             0x5be0cd19, 0x137e2179 ];
+  this.k = sha512_K;
+  this.W = new Array(160);
+}
+utils.inherits(SHA512, BlockHash);
+exports.sha512 = SHA512;
+
+SHA512.blockSize = 1024;
+SHA512.outSize = 512;
+SHA512.hmacStrength = 192;
+SHA512.padLength = 128;
+
+SHA512.prototype._prepareBlock = function _prepareBlock(msg, start) {
+  var W = this.W;
+
+  // 32 x 32bit words
+  for (var i = 0; i < 32; i++)
+    W[i] = msg[start + i];
+  for (; i < W.length; i += 2) {
+    var c0_hi = g1_512_hi(W[i - 4], W[i - 3]);  // i - 2
+    var c0_lo = g1_512_lo(W[i - 4], W[i - 3]);
+    var c1_hi = W[i - 14];  // i - 7
+    var c1_lo = W[i - 13];
+    var c2_hi = g0_512_hi(W[i - 30], W[i - 29]);  // i - 15
+    var c2_lo = g0_512_lo(W[i - 30], W[i - 29]);
+    var c3_hi = W[i - 32];  // i - 16
+    var c3_lo = W[i - 31];
+
+    W[i] = sum64_4_hi(c0_hi, c0_lo,
+                      c1_hi, c1_lo,
+                      c2_hi, c2_lo,
+                      c3_hi, c3_lo);
+    W[i + 1] = sum64_4_lo(c0_hi, c0_lo,
+                          c1_hi, c1_lo,
+                          c2_hi, c2_lo,
+                          c3_hi, c3_lo);
   }
+};
 
-  return buffer
-}
+SHA512.prototype._update = function _update(msg, start) {
+  this._prepareBlock(msg, start);
+
+  var W = this.W;
+
+  var ah = this.h[0];
+  var al = this.h[1];
+  var bh = this.h[2];
+  var bl = this.h[3];
+  var ch = this.h[4];
+  var cl = this.h[5];
+  var dh = this.h[6];
+  var dl = this.h[7];
+  var eh = this.h[8];
+  var el = this.h[9];
+  var fh = this.h[10];
+  var fl = this.h[11];
+  var gh = this.h[12];
+  var gl = this.h[13];
+  var hh = this.h[14];
+  var hl = this.h[15];
+
+  assert(this.k.length === W.length);
+  for (var i = 0; i < W.length; i += 2) {
+    var c0_hi = hh;
+    var c0_lo = hl;
+    var c1_hi = s1_512_hi(eh, el);
+    var c1_lo = s1_512_lo(eh, el);
+    var c2_hi = ch64_hi(eh, el, fh, fl, gh, gl);
+    var c2_lo = ch64_lo(eh, el, fh, fl, gh, gl);
+    var c3_hi = this.k[i];
+    var c3_lo = this.k[i + 1];
+    var c4_hi = W[i];
+    var c4_lo = W[i + 1];
+
+    var T1_hi = sum64_5_hi(c0_hi, c0_lo,
+                           c1_hi, c1_lo,
+                           c2_hi, c2_lo,
+                           c3_hi, c3_lo,
+                           c4_hi, c4_lo);
+    var T1_lo = sum64_5_lo(c0_hi, c0_lo,
+                           c1_hi, c1_lo,
+                           c2_hi, c2_lo,
+                           c3_hi, c3_lo,
+                           c4_hi, c4_lo);
+
+    var c0_hi = s0_512_hi(ah, al);
+    var c0_lo = s0_512_lo(ah, al);
+    var c1_hi = maj64_hi(ah, al, bh, bl, ch, cl);
+    var c1_lo = maj64_lo(ah, al, bh, bl, ch, cl);
+
+    var T2_hi = sum64_hi(c0_hi, c0_lo, c1_hi, c1_lo);
+    var T2_lo = sum64_lo(c0_hi, c0_lo, c1_hi, c1_lo);
+
+    hh = gh;
+    hl = gl;
+
+    gh = fh;
+    gl = fl;
+
+    fh = eh;
+    fl = el;
+
+    eh = sum64_hi(dh, dl, T1_hi, T1_lo);
+    el = sum64_lo(dl, dl, T1_hi, T1_lo);
+
+    dh = ch;
+    dl = cl;
+
+    ch = bh;
+    cl = bl;
+
+    bh = ah;
+    bl = al;
+
+    ah = sum64_hi(T1_hi, T1_lo, T2_hi, T2_lo);
+    al = sum64_lo(T1_hi, T1_lo, T2_hi, T2_lo);
+  }
+
+  sum64(this.h, 0, ah, al);
+  sum64(this.h, 2, bh, bl);
+  sum64(this.h, 4, ch, cl);
+  sum64(this.h, 6, dh, dl);
+  sum64(this.h, 8, eh, el);
+  sum64(this.h, 10, fh, fl);
+  sum64(this.h, 12, gh, gl);
+  sum64(this.h, 14, hh, hl);
+};
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-HDNode.prototype.toHex = function (isPrivate) {
-  return this.toBuffer(isPrivate).toString('hex')
+SHA512.prototype._digest = function digest(enc) {
+  if (enc === 'hex')
+    return utils.toHex32(this.h, 'big');
+  else
+    return utils.split32(this.h, 'big');
+};
+
+function SHA384() {
+  if (!(this instanceof SHA384))
+    return new SHA384();
+
+  SHA512.call(this);
+  this.h = [ 0xcbbb9d5d, 0xc1059ed8,
+             0x629a292a, 0x367cd507,
+             0x9159015a, 0x3070dd17,
+             0x152fecd8, 0xf70e5939,
+             0x67332667, 0xffc00b31,
+             0x8eb44a87, 0x68581511,
+             0xdb0c2e0d, 0x64f98fa7,
+             0x47b5481d, 0xbefa4fa4 ];
+}
+utils.inherits(SHA384, SHA512);
+exports.sha384 = SHA384;
+
+SHA384.blockSize = 1024;
+SHA384.outSize = 384;
+SHA384.hmacStrength = 192;
+SHA384.padLength = 128;
+
+SHA384.prototype._digest = function digest(enc) {
+  if (enc === 'hex')
+    return utils.toHex32(this.h.slice(0, 12), 'big');
+  else
+    return utils.split32(this.h.slice(0, 12), 'big');
+};
+
+function SHA1() {
+  if (!(this instanceof SHA1))
+    return new SHA1();
+
+  BlockHash.call(this);
+  this.h = [ 0x67452301, 0xefcdab89, 0x98badcfe,
+             0x10325476, 0xc3d2e1f0 ];
+  this.W = new Array(80);
 }
 
-// https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0032.mediawiki#child-key-derivation-ckd-functions
-HDNode.prototype.derive = function (index) {
-  var isHardened = index >= HDNode.HIGHEST_BIT
-  var indexBuffer = new Buffer(4)
-  indexBuffer.writeUInt32BE(index, 0)
+utils.inherits(SHA1, BlockHash);
+exports.sha1 = SHA1;
 
-  var data
+SHA1.blockSize = 512;
+SHA1.outSize = 160;
+SHA1.hmacStrength = 80;
+SHA1.padLength = 64;
 
-  // Hardened child
-  if (isHardened) {
-    assert(this.privKey, 'Could not derive hardened child key')
+SHA1.prototype._update = function _update(msg, start) {
+  var W = this.W;
 
-    // data = 0x00 || ser256(kpar) || ser32(index)
-    data = Buffer.concat([
-      this.privKey.d.toBuffer(33),
-      indexBuffer
-    ])
+  for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+    W[i] = msg[start + i];
 
-  // Normal child
-  } else {
-    // data = serP(point(kpar)) || ser32(index)
-    //      = serP(Kpar) || ser32(index)
-    data = Buffer.concat([
-      this.pubKey.toBuffer(),
-      indexBuffer
-    ])
+  for(; i < W.length; i++)
+    W[i] = rotl32(W[i - 3] ^ W[i - 8] ^ W[i - 14] ^ W[i - 16], 1);
+
+  var a = this.h[0];
+  var b = this.h[1];
+  var c = this.h[2];
+  var d = this.h[3];
+  var e = this.h[4];
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < W.length; i++) {
+    var s = ~~(i / 20);
+    var t = sum32_5(rotl32(a, 5), ft_1(s, b, c, d), e, W[i], sha1_K[s]);
+    e = d;
+    d = c;
+    c = rotl32(b, 30);
+    b = a;
+    a = t;
   }
 
-  var I = createHmac('sha512', this.chainCode).update(data).digest()
-  var IL = I.slice(0, 32)
-  var IR = I.slice(32)
+  this.h[0] = sum32(this.h[0], a);
+  this.h[1] = sum32(this.h[1], b);
+  this.h[2] = sum32(this.h[2], c);
+  this.h[3] = sum32(this.h[3], d);
+  this.h[4] = sum32(this.h[4], e);
+};
 
-  var pIL = BigInteger.fromBuffer(IL)
+SHA1.prototype._digest = function digest(enc) {
+  if (enc === 'hex')
+    return utils.toHex32(this.h, 'big');
+  else
+    return utils.split32(this.h, 'big');
+};
 
-  // In case parse256(IL) >= n, proceed with the next value for i
-  if (pIL.compareTo(curve.n) >= 0) {
-    return this.derive(index + 1)
-  }
+function ch32(x, y, z) {
+  return (x & y) ^ ((~x) & z);
+}
 
-  // Private parent key -> private child key
-  var hd
-  if (this.privKey) {
-    // ki = parse256(IL) + kpar (mod n)
-    var ki = pIL.add(this.privKey.d).mod(curve.n)
+function maj32(x, y, z) {
+  return (x & y) ^ (x & z) ^ (y & z);
+}
 
-    // In case ki == 0, proceed with the next value for i
-    if (ki.signum() === 0) {
-      return this.derive(index + 1)
-    }
+function p32(x, y, z) {
+  return x ^ y ^ z;
+}
 
-    hd = new HDNode(ki, IR, this.network)
+function s0_256(x) {
+  return rotr32(x, 2) ^ rotr32(x, 13) ^ rotr32(x, 22);
+}
 
-  // Public parent key -> public child key
-  } else {
-    // Ki = point(parse256(IL)) + Kpar
-    //    = G*IL + Kpar
-    var Ki = curve.G.multiply(pIL).add(this.pubKey.Q)
+function s1_256(x) {
+  return rotr32(x, 6) ^ rotr32(x, 11) ^ rotr32(x, 25);
+}
 
-    // In case Ki is the point at infinity, proceed with the next value for i
-    if (curve.isInfinity(Ki)) {
-      return this.derive(index + 1)
-    }
+function g0_256(x) {
+  return rotr32(x, 7) ^ rotr32(x, 18) ^ (x >>> 3);
+}
 
-    hd = new HDNode(Ki, IR, this.network)
-  }
+function g1_256(x) {
+  return rotr32(x, 17) ^ rotr32(x, 19) ^ (x >>> 10);
+}
 
-  hd.depth = this.depth + 1
-  hd.index = index
-  hd.parentFingerprint = this.getFingerprint().readUInt32BE(0)
+function ft_1(s, x, y, z) {
+  if (s === 0)
+    return ch32(x, y, z);
+  if (s === 1 || s === 3)
+    return p32(x, y, z);
+  if (s === 2)
+    return maj32(x, y, z);
+}
 
-  return hd
+function ch64_hi(xh, xl, yh, yl, zh, zl) {
+  var r = (xh & yh) ^ ((~xh) & zh);
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
 }
 
-HDNode.prototype.deriveHardened = function (index) {
-  // Only derives hardened private keys by default
-  return this.derive(index + HDNode.HIGHEST_BIT)
+function ch64_lo(xh, xl, yh, yl, zh, zl) {
+  var r = (xl & yl) ^ ((~xl) & zl);
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
 }
 
-HDNode.prototype.toString = HDNode.prototype.toBase58
+function maj64_hi(xh, xl, yh, yl, zh, zl) {
+  var r = (xh & yh) ^ (xh & zh) ^ (yh & zh);
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
+}
 
-module.exports = HDNode
+function maj64_lo(xh, xl, yh, yl, zh, zl) {
+  var r = (xl & yl) ^ (xl & zl) ^ (yl & zl);
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
+}
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./crypto":58,"./eckey":60,"./ecpubkey":61,"./networks":66,"assert":5,"bigi":3,"bs58check":31,"buffer":7,"create-hmac":45,"ecurve":49,"typeforce":53}],64:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports = {
-  Address: require('./address'),
-  base58check: require('./base58check'),
-  Block: require('./block'),
-  bufferutils: require('./bufferutils'),
-  crypto: require('./crypto'),
-  ecdsa: require('./ecdsa'),
-  ECKey: require('./eckey'),
-  ECPubKey: require('./ecpubkey'),
-  ECSignature: require('./ecsignature'),
-  Message: require('./message'),
-  opcodes: require('./opcodes'),
-  HDNode: require('./hdnode'),
-  Script: require('./script'),
-  scripts: require('./scripts'),
-  Transaction: require('./transaction'),
-  TransactionBuilder: require('./transaction_builder'),
-  networks: require('./networks'),
-  Wallet: require('./wallet')
+function s0_512_hi(xh, xl) {
+  var c0_hi = rotr64_hi(xh, xl, 28);
+  var c1_hi = rotr64_hi(xl, xh, 2);  // 34
+  var c2_hi = rotr64_hi(xl, xh, 7);  // 39
+
+  var r = c0_hi ^ c1_hi ^ c2_hi;
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
 }
 
-},{"./address":54,"./base58check":55,"./block":56,"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./ecdsa":59,"./eckey":60,"./ecpubkey":61,"./ecsignature":62,"./hdnode":63,"./message":65,"./networks":66,"./opcodes":67,"./script":68,"./scripts":69,"./transaction":70,"./transaction_builder":71,"./wallet":72}],65:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
-var crypto = require('./crypto')
-var ecdsa = require('./ecdsa')
-var networks = require('./networks')
+function s0_512_lo(xh, xl) {
+  var c0_lo = rotr64_lo(xh, xl, 28);
+  var c1_lo = rotr64_lo(xl, xh, 2);  // 34
+  var c2_lo = rotr64_lo(xl, xh, 7);  // 39
 
-var BigInteger = require('bigi')
-var ECPubKey = require('./ecpubkey')
-var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
+  var r = c0_lo ^ c1_lo ^ c2_lo;
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
+}
 
-var ecurve = require('ecurve')
-var ecparams = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+function s1_512_hi(xh, xl) {
+  var c0_hi = rotr64_hi(xh, xl, 14);
+  var c1_hi = rotr64_hi(xh, xl, 18);
+  var c2_hi = rotr64_hi(xl, xh, 9);  // 41
 
-function magicHash (message, network) {
-  var magicPrefix = new Buffer(network.magicPrefix)
-  var messageBuffer = new Buffer(message)
-  var lengthBuffer = bufferutils.varIntBuffer(messageBuffer.length)
+  var r = c0_hi ^ c1_hi ^ c2_hi;
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
+}
 
-  var buffer = Buffer.concat([magicPrefix, lengthBuffer, messageBuffer])
-  return crypto.hash256(buffer)
+function s1_512_lo(xh, xl) {
+  var c0_lo = rotr64_lo(xh, xl, 14);
+  var c1_lo = rotr64_lo(xh, xl, 18);
+  var c2_lo = rotr64_lo(xl, xh, 9);  // 41
+
+  var r = c0_lo ^ c1_lo ^ c2_lo;
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
 }
 
-function sign (privKey, message, network) {
-  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+function g0_512_hi(xh, xl) {
+  var c0_hi = rotr64_hi(xh, xl, 1);
+  var c1_hi = rotr64_hi(xh, xl, 8);
+  var c2_hi = shr64_hi(xh, xl, 7);
 
-  var hash = magicHash(message, network)
-  var signature = privKey.sign(hash)
-  var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
-  var i = ecdsa.calcPubKeyRecoveryParam(ecparams, e, signature, privKey.pub.Q)
+  var r = c0_hi ^ c1_hi ^ c2_hi;
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
+}
 
-  return signature.toCompact(i, privKey.pub.compressed)
+function g0_512_lo(xh, xl) {
+  var c0_lo = rotr64_lo(xh, xl, 1);
+  var c1_lo = rotr64_lo(xh, xl, 8);
+  var c2_lo = shr64_lo(xh, xl, 7);
+
+  var r = c0_lo ^ c1_lo ^ c2_lo;
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
 }
 
-// TODO: network could be implied from address
-function verify (address, signature, message, network) {
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(signature)) {
-    signature = new Buffer(signature, 'base64')
-  }
+function g1_512_hi(xh, xl) {
+  var c0_hi = rotr64_hi(xh, xl, 19);
+  var c1_hi = rotr64_hi(xl, xh, 29);  // 61
+  var c2_hi = shr64_hi(xh, xl, 6);
 
-  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+  var r = c0_hi ^ c1_hi ^ c2_hi;
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
+}
 
-  var hash = magicHash(message, network)
-  var parsed = ECSignature.parseCompact(signature)
-  var e = BigInteger.fromBuffer(hash)
-  var Q = ecdsa.recoverPubKey(ecparams, e, parsed.signature, parsed.i)
+function g1_512_lo(xh, xl) {
+  var c0_lo = rotr64_lo(xh, xl, 19);
+  var c1_lo = rotr64_lo(xl, xh, 29);  // 61
+  var c2_lo = shr64_lo(xh, xl, 6);
 
-  var pubKey = new ECPubKey(Q, parsed.compressed)
-  return pubKey.getAddress(network).toString() === address.toString()
+  var r = c0_lo ^ c1_lo ^ c2_lo;
+  if (r < 0)
+    r += 0x100000000;
+  return r;
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  magicHash: magicHash,
-  sign: sign,
-  verify: verify
+},{"../hash":57}],62:[function(require,module,exports){
+var utils = exports;
+var inherits = require('inherits');
+
+function toArray(msg, enc) {
+  if (Array.isArray(msg))
+    return msg.slice();
+  if (!msg)
+    return [];
+  var res = [];
+  if (typeof msg === 'string') {
+    if (!enc) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i++) {
+        var c = msg.charCodeAt(i);
+        var hi = c >> 8;
+        var lo = c & 0xff;
+        if (hi)
+          res.push(hi, lo);
+        else
+          res.push(lo);
+      }
+    } else if (enc === 'hex') {
+      msg = msg.replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/ig, '');
+      if (msg.length % 2 !== 0)
+        msg = '0' + msg;
+      for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i += 2)
+        res.push(parseInt(msg[i] + msg[i + 1], 16));
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i++)
+      res[i] = msg[i] | 0;
+  }
+  return res;
 }
+utils.toArray = toArray;
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./ecdsa":59,"./ecpubkey":61,"./ecsignature":62,"./networks":66,"bigi":3,"buffer":7,"ecurve":49}],66:[function(require,module,exports){
-// https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/List_of_address_prefixes
-// Dogecoin BIP32 is a proposed standard: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=409731
+function toHex(msg) {
+  var res = '';
+  for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i++)
+    res += zero2(msg[i].toString(16));
+  return res;
+}
+utils.toHex = toHex;
 
-var networks = {
-  bitcoin: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x18Bitcoin Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x0488b21e,
-      private: 0x0488ade4
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x00,
-    scriptHash: 0x05,
-    wif: 0x80,
-    dustThreshold: 546, // https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.9.2/src/core.h#L151-L162
-    feePerKb: 10000, // https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.9.2/src/main.cpp#L53
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('bitcoin')
-  },
-  testnet: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x18Bitcoin Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x043587cf,
-      private: 0x04358394
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x6f,
-    scriptHash: 0xc4,
-    wif: 0xef,
-    dustThreshold: 546,
-    feePerKb: 10000,
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('testnet')
-  },
-  litecoin: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x19Litecoin Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x019da462,
-      private: 0x019d9cfe
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x30,
-    scriptHash: 0x05,
-    wif: 0xb0,
-    dustThreshold: 0, // https://github.com/litecoin-project/litecoin/blob/v0.8.7.2/src/main.cpp#L360-L365
-    dustSoftThreshold: 100000, // https://github.com/litecoin-project/litecoin/blob/v0.8.7.2/src/main.h#L53
-    feePerKb: 100000, // https://github.com/litecoin-project/litecoin/blob/v0.8.7.2/src/main.cpp#L56
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('litecoin')
-  },
-  dogecoin: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x19Dogecoin Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x02facafd,
-      private: 0x02fac398
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x1e,
-    scriptHash: 0x16,
-    wif: 0x9e,
-    dustThreshold: 0, // https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin/blob/v1.7.1/src/core.h#L155-L160
-    dustSoftThreshold: 100000000, // https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin/blob/v1.7.1/src/main.h#L62
-    feePerKb: 100000000, // https://github.com/dogecoin/dogecoin/blob/v1.7.1/src/main.cpp#L58
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('dogecoin')
-  },
-  viacoin: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x18Viacoin Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x0488b21e,
-      private: 0x0488ade4
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x47,
-    scriptHash: 0x21,
-    wif: 0xc7,
-    dustThreshold: 560,
-    dustSoftThreshold: 100000,
-    feePerKb: 100000, //
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('viacoin')
-  },
-  viacointestnet: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x18Viacoin Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x043587cf,
-      private: 0x04358394
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x7f,
-    scriptHash: 0xc4,
-    wif: 0xff,
-    dustThreshold: 560,
-    dustSoftThreshold: 100000,
-    feePerKb: 100000,
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('viacointestnet')
-  },
-  gamerscoin: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x19Gamerscoin Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x019da462,
-      private: 0x019d9cfe
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x26,
-    scriptHash: 0x05,
-    wif: 0xA6,
-    dustThreshold: 0, // https://github.com/gamers-coin/gamers-coinv3/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L358-L363
-    dustSoftThreshold: 100000, // https://github.com/gamers-coin/gamers-coinv3/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L51
-    feePerKb: 100000, // https://github.com/gamers-coin/gamers-coinv3/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L54
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('gamerscoin')
-  },
-  jumbucks: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x19Jumbucks Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x037a689a,
-      private: 0x037a6460
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x2b,
-    scriptHash: 0x05,
-    wif: 0xab,
-    dustThreshold: 0,
-    dustSoftThreshold: 10000,
-    feePerKb: 10000,
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('jumbucks')
-  },
-  zetacoin: {
-    magicPrefix: '\x18Zetacoin Signed Message:\n',
-    bip32: {
-      public: 0x0488b21e,
-      private: 0x0488ade4
-    },
-    pubKeyHash: 0x50,
-    scriptHash: 0x09,
-    wif: 0xe0,
-    dustThreshold: 546, // https://github.com/zetacoin/zetacoin/blob/master/src/core.h#L159
-    feePerKb: 10000, // https://github.com/zetacoin/zetacoin/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L54
-    estimateFee: estimateFee('zetacoin')
+function htonl(w) {
+  var res = (w >>> 24) |
+            ((w >>> 8) & 0xff00) |
+            ((w << 8) & 0xff0000) |
+            ((w & 0xff) << 24);
+  return res >>> 0;
+}
+utils.htonl = htonl;
+
+function toHex32(msg, endian) {
+  var res = '';
+  for (var i = 0; i < msg.length; i++) {
+    var w = msg[i];
+    if (endian === 'little')
+      w = htonl(w);
+    res += zero8(w.toString(16));
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+utils.toHex32 = toHex32;
+
+function zero2(word) {
+  if (word.length === 1)
+    return '0' + word;
+  else
+    return word;
+}
+utils.zero2 = zero2;
+
+function zero8(word) {
+  if (word.length === 7)
+    return '0' + word;
+  else if (word.length === 6)
+    return '00' + word;
+  else if (word.length === 5)
+    return '000' + word;
+  else if (word.length === 4)
+    return '0000' + word;
+  else if (word.length === 3)
+    return '00000' + word;
+  else if (word.length === 2)
+    return '000000' + word;
+  else if (word.length === 1)
+    return '0000000' + word;
+  else
+    return word;
+}
+utils.zero8 = zero8;
+
+function join32(msg, start, end, endian) {
+  var len = end - start;
+  assert(len % 4 === 0);
+  var res = new Array(len / 4);
+  for (var i = 0, k = start; i < res.length; i++, k += 4) {
+    var w;
+    if (endian === 'big')
+      w = (msg[k] << 24) | (msg[k + 1] << 16) | (msg[k + 2] << 8) | msg[k + 3];
+    else
+      w = (msg[k + 3] << 24) | (msg[k + 2] << 16) | (msg[k + 1] << 8) | msg[k];
+    res[i] = w >>> 0;
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+utils.join32 = join32;
+
+function split32(msg, endian) {
+  var res = new Array(msg.length * 4);
+  for (var i = 0, k = 0; i < msg.length; i++, k += 4) {
+    var m = msg[i];
+    if (endian === 'big') {
+      res[k] = m >>> 24;
+      res[k + 1] = (m >>> 16) & 0xff;
+      res[k + 2] = (m >>> 8) & 0xff;
+      res[k + 3] = m & 0xff;
+    } else {
+      res[k + 3] = m >>> 24;
+      res[k + 2] = (m >>> 16) & 0xff;
+      res[k + 1] = (m >>> 8) & 0xff;
+      res[k] = m & 0xff;
+    }
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+utils.split32 = split32;
+
+function rotr32(w, b) {
+  return (w >>> b) | (w << (32 - b));
+}
+utils.rotr32 = rotr32;
+
+function rotl32(w, b) {
+  return (w << b) | (w >>> (32 - b));
+}
+utils.rotl32 = rotl32;
+
+function sum32(a, b) {
+  return (a + b) >>> 0;
+}
+utils.sum32 = sum32;
+
+function sum32_3(a, b, c) {
+  return (a + b + c) >>> 0;
+}
+utils.sum32_3 = sum32_3;
+
+function sum32_4(a, b, c, d) {
+  return (a + b + c + d) >>> 0;
+}
+utils.sum32_4 = sum32_4;
+
+function sum32_5(a, b, c, d, e) {
+  return (a + b + c + d + e) >>> 0;
+}
+utils.sum32_5 = sum32_5;
+
+function assert(cond, msg) {
+  if (!cond)
+    throw new Error(msg || 'Assertion failed');
+}
+utils.assert = assert;
+
+utils.inherits = inherits;
+
+function sum64(buf, pos, ah, al) {
+  var bh = buf[pos];
+  var bl = buf[pos + 1];
+
+  var lo = (al + bl) >>> 0;
+  var hi = (lo < al ? 1 : 0) + ah + bh;
+  buf[pos] = hi >>> 0;
+  buf[pos + 1] = lo;
+}
+exports.sum64 = sum64;
+
+function sum64_hi(ah, al, bh, bl) {
+  var lo = (al + bl) >>> 0;
+  var hi = (lo < al ? 1 : 0) + ah + bh;
+  return hi >>> 0;
+};
+exports.sum64_hi = sum64_hi;
+
+function sum64_lo(ah, al, bh, bl) {
+  var lo = al + bl;
+  return lo >>> 0;
+};
+exports.sum64_lo = sum64_lo;
+
+function sum64_4_hi(ah, al, bh, bl, ch, cl, dh, dl) {
+  var carry = 0;
+  var lo = al;
+  lo = (lo + bl) >>> 0;
+  carry += lo < al ? 1 : 0;
+  lo = (lo + cl) >>> 0;
+  carry += lo < cl ? 1 : 0;
+  lo = (lo + dl) >>> 0;
+  carry += lo < dl ? 1 : 0;
+
+  var hi = ah + bh + ch + dh + carry;
+  return hi >>> 0;
+};
+exports.sum64_4_hi = sum64_4_hi;
+
+function sum64_4_lo(ah, al, bh, bl, ch, cl, dh, dl) {
+  var lo = al + bl + cl + dl;
+  return lo >>> 0;
+};
+exports.sum64_4_lo = sum64_4_lo;
+
+function sum64_5_hi(ah, al, bh, bl, ch, cl, dh, dl, eh, el) {
+  var carry = 0;
+  var lo = al;
+  lo = (lo + bl) >>> 0;
+  carry += lo < al ? 1 : 0;
+  lo = (lo + cl) >>> 0;
+  carry += lo < cl ? 1 : 0;
+  lo = (lo + dl) >>> 0;
+  carry += lo < dl ? 1 : 0;
+  lo = (lo + el) >>> 0;
+  carry += lo < el ? 1 : 0;
+
+  var hi = ah + bh + ch + dh + eh + carry;
+  return hi >>> 0;
+};
+exports.sum64_5_hi = sum64_5_hi;
+
+function sum64_5_lo(ah, al, bh, bl, ch, cl, dh, dl, eh, el) {
+  var lo = al + bl + cl + dl + el;
+
+  return lo >>> 0;
+};
+exports.sum64_5_lo = sum64_5_lo;
+
+function rotr64_hi(ah, al, num) {
+  var r = (al << (32 - num)) | (ah >>> num);
+  return r >>> 0;
+};
+exports.rotr64_hi = rotr64_hi;
+
+function rotr64_lo(ah, al, num) {
+  var r = (ah << (32 - num)) | (al >>> num);
+  return r >>> 0;
+};
+exports.rotr64_lo = rotr64_lo;
+
+function shr64_hi(ah, al, num) {
+  return ah >>> num;
+};
+exports.shr64_hi = shr64_hi;
+
+function shr64_lo(ah, al, num) {
+  var r = (ah << (32 - num)) | (al >>> num);
+  return r >>> 0;
+};
+exports.shr64_lo = shr64_lo;
+
+},{"inherits":63}],63:[function(require,module,exports){
+arguments[4][9][0].apply(exports,arguments)
+},{"dup":9}],64:[function(require,module,exports){
+/**
+ * Returns a `Boolean` on whether or not the a `String` starts with '0x'
+ * @param {String} str the string input value
+ * @return {Boolean} a boolean if it is or is not hex prefixed
+ * @throws if the str input is not a string
+ */
+module.exports = function isHexPrefixed(str) {
+  if (typeof str !== 'string') {
+    throw new Error("[is-hex-prefixed] value must be type 'string', is currently type " + (typeof str) + ", while checking isHexPrefixed.");
   }
+
+  return str.slice(0, 2) === '0x';
 }
 
-function estimateFee (type) {
-  return function (tx) {
-    var network = networks[type]
-    var baseFee = network.feePerKb
-    var byteSize = tx.toBuffer().length
+},{}],65:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict'
+module.exports = require('./lib/api')(require('./lib/keccak'))
 
-    var fee = baseFee * Math.ceil(byteSize / 1000)
-    if (network.dustSoftThreshold === undefined) return fee
+},{"./lib/api":66,"./lib/keccak":70}],66:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict'
+var createKeccak = require('./keccak')
+var createShake = require('./shake')
 
-    tx.outs.forEach(function (e) {
-      if (e.value < network.dustSoftThreshold) {
-        fee += baseFee
-      }
-    })
+module.exports = function (KeccakState) {
+  var Keccak = createKeccak(KeccakState)
+  var Shake = createShake(KeccakState)
 
-    return fee
+  return function (algorithm, options) {
+    var hash = typeof algorithm === 'string' ? algorithm.toLowerCase() : algorithm
+    switch (hash) {
+      case 'keccak224': return new Keccak(1152, 448, null, 224, options)
+      case 'keccak256': return new Keccak(1088, 512, null, 256, options)
+      case 'keccak384': return new Keccak(832, 768, null, 384, options)
+      case 'keccak512': return new Keccak(576, 1024, null, 512, options)
+
+      case 'sha3-224': return new Keccak(1152, 448, 0x06, 224, options)
+      case 'sha3-256': return new Keccak(1088, 512, 0x06, 256, options)
+      case 'sha3-384': return new Keccak(832, 768, 0x06, 384, options)
+      case 'sha3-512': return new Keccak(576, 1024, 0x06, 512, options)
+
+      case 'shake128': return new Shake(1344, 256, 0x1f, options)
+      case 'shake256': return new Shake(1088, 512, 0x1f, options)
+
+      default: throw new Error('Invald algorithm: ' + algorithm)
+    }
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = networks
+},{"./keccak":67,"./shake":68}],67:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict'
+var Transform = require('stream').Transform
+var inherits = require('inherits')
 
-},{}],67:[function(require,module,exports){
-module.exports = {
-  // push value
-  OP_FALSE: 0,
-  OP_0: 0,
-  OP_PUSHDATA1: 76,
-  OP_PUSHDATA2: 77,
-  OP_PUSHDATA4: 78,
-  OP_1NEGATE: 79,
-  OP_RESERVED: 80,
-  OP_1: 81,
-  OP_TRUE: 81,
-  OP_2: 82,
-  OP_3: 83,
-  OP_4: 84,
-  OP_5: 85,
-  OP_6: 86,
-  OP_7: 87,
-  OP_8: 88,
-  OP_9: 89,
-  OP_10: 90,
-  OP_11: 91,
-  OP_12: 92,
-  OP_13: 93,
-  OP_14: 94,
-  OP_15: 95,
-  OP_16: 96,
+module.exports = function (KeccakState) {
+  function Keccak (rate, capacity, delimitedSuffix, hashBitLength, options) {
+    Transform.call(this, options)
 
-  // control
-  OP_NOP: 97,
-  OP_VER: 98,
-  OP_IF: 99,
-  OP_NOTIF: 100,
-  OP_VERIF: 101,
-  OP_VERNOTIF: 102,
-  OP_ELSE: 103,
-  OP_ENDIF: 104,
-  OP_VERIFY: 105,
-  OP_RETURN: 106,
+    this._rate = rate
+    this._capacity = capacity
+    this._delimitedSuffix = delimitedSuffix
+    this._hashBitLength = hashBitLength
+    this._options = options
 
-  // stack ops
-  OP_TOALTSTACK: 107,
-  OP_FROMALTSTACK: 108,
-  OP_2DROP: 109,
-  OP_2DUP: 110,
-  OP_3DUP: 111,
-  OP_2OVER: 112,
-  OP_2ROT: 113,
-  OP_2SWAP: 114,
-  OP_IFDUP: 115,
-  OP_DEPTH: 116,
-  OP_DROP: 117,
-  OP_DUP: 118,
-  OP_NIP: 119,
-  OP_OVER: 120,
-  OP_PICK: 121,
-  OP_ROLL: 122,
-  OP_ROT: 123,
-  OP_SWAP: 124,
-  OP_TUCK: 125,
+    this._state = new KeccakState()
+    this._state.initialize(rate, capacity)
+    this._finalized = false
+  }
 
-  // splice ops
-  OP_CAT: 126,
-  OP_SUBSTR: 127,
-  OP_LEFT: 128,
-  OP_RIGHT: 129,
-  OP_SIZE: 130,
+  inherits(Keccak, Transform)
 
-  // bit logic
-  OP_INVERT: 131,
-  OP_AND: 132,
-  OP_OR: 133,
-  OP_XOR: 134,
-  OP_EQUAL: 135,
-  OP_EQUALVERIFY: 136,
-  OP_RESERVED1: 137,
-  OP_RESERVED2: 138,
+  Keccak.prototype._transform = function (chunk, encoding, callback) {
+    var error = null
+    try {
+      this.update(chunk, encoding)
+    } catch (err) {
+      error = err
+    }
 
-  // numeric
-  OP_1ADD: 139,
-  OP_1SUB: 140,
-  OP_2MUL: 141,
-  OP_2DIV: 142,
-  OP_NEGATE: 143,
-  OP_ABS: 144,
-  OP_NOT: 145,
-  OP_0NOTEQUAL: 146,
+    callback(error)
+  }
 
-  OP_ADD: 147,
-  OP_SUB: 148,
-  OP_MUL: 149,
-  OP_DIV: 150,
-  OP_MOD: 151,
-  OP_LSHIFT: 152,
-  OP_RSHIFT: 153,
+  Keccak.prototype._flush = function (callback) {
+    var error = null
+    try {
+      this.push(this.digest())
+    } catch (err) {
+      error = err
+    }
 
-  OP_BOOLAND: 154,
-  OP_BOOLOR: 155,
-  OP_NUMEQUAL: 156,
-  OP_NUMEQUALVERIFY: 157,
-  OP_NUMNOTEQUAL: 158,
-  OP_LESSTHAN: 159,
-  OP_GREATERTHAN: 160,
-  OP_LESSTHANOREQUAL: 161,
-  OP_GREATERTHANOREQUAL: 162,
-  OP_MIN: 163,
-  OP_MAX: 164,
+    callback(error)
+  }
 
-  OP_WITHIN: 165,
+  Keccak.prototype.update = function (data, encoding) {
+    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(data) && typeof data !== 'string') throw new TypeError('Data must be a string or a buffer')
+    if (this._finalized) throw new Error('Digest already called')
+    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(data)) data = Buffer.from(data, encoding)
 
-  // crypto
-  OP_RIPEMD160: 166,
-  OP_SHA1: 167,
-  OP_SHA256: 168,
-  OP_HASH160: 169,
-  OP_HASH256: 170,
-  OP_CODESEPARATOR: 171,
-  OP_CHECKSIG: 172,
-  OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY: 173,
-  OP_CHECKMULTISIG: 174,
-  OP_CHECKMULTISIGVERIFY: 175,
+    this._state.absorb(data)
 
-  // expansion
-  OP_NOP1: 176,
-  OP_NOP2: 177,
-  OP_NOP3: 178,
-  OP_NOP4: 179,
-  OP_NOP5: 180,
-  OP_NOP6: 181,
-  OP_NOP7: 182,
-  OP_NOP8: 183,
-  OP_NOP9: 184,
-  OP_NOP10: 185,
+    return this
+  }
 
-  // template matching params
-  OP_PUBKEYHASH: 253,
-  OP_PUBKEY: 254,
-  OP_INVALIDOPCODE: 255
+  Keccak.prototype.digest = function (encoding) {
+    if (this._finalized) throw new Error('Digest already called')
+    this._finalized = true
+
+    if (this._delimitedSuffix) this._state.absorbLastFewBits(this._delimitedSuffix)
+    var digest = this._state.squeeze(this._hashBitLength / 8)
+    if (encoding !== undefined) digest = digest.toString(encoding)
+
+    this._resetState()
+
+    return digest
+  }
+
+  // remove result from memory
+  Keccak.prototype._resetState = function () {
+    this._state.initialize(this._rate, this._capacity)
+    return this
+  }
+
+  // because sometimes we need hash right now and little later
+  Keccak.prototype._clone = function () {
+    var clone = new Keccak(this._rate, this._capacity, this._delimitedSuffix, this._hashBitLength, this._options)
+    this._state.copy(clone._state)
+    clone._finalized = this._finalized
+
+    return clone
+  }
+
+  return Keccak
 }
 
-},{}],68:[function(require,module,exports){
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":5,"inherits":63,"stream":25}],68:[function(require,module,exports){
 (function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
-var crypto = require('./crypto')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
-var opcodes = require('./opcodes')
+'use strict'
+var Transform = require('stream').Transform
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+
+module.exports = function (KeccakState) {
+  function Shake (rate, capacity, delimitedSuffix, options) {
+    Transform.call(this, options)
+
+    this._rate = rate
+    this._capacity = capacity
+    this._delimitedSuffix = delimitedSuffix
+    this._options = options
+
+    this._state = new KeccakState()
+    this._state.initialize(rate, capacity)
+    this._finalized = false
+  }
+
+  inherits(Shake, Transform)
+
+  Shake.prototype._transform = function (chunk, encoding, callback) {
+    var error = null
+    try {
+      this.update(chunk, encoding)
+    } catch (err) {
+      error = err
+    }
+
+    callback(error)
+  }
+
+  Shake.prototype._flush = function () {}
+
+  Shake.prototype._read = function (size) {
+    this.push(this.squeeze(size))
+  }
+
+  Shake.prototype.update = function (data, encoding) {
+    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(data) && typeof data !== 'string') throw new TypeError('Data must be a string or a buffer')
+    if (this._finalized) throw new Error('Squeeze already called')
+    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(data)) data = Buffer.from(data, encoding)
+
+    this._state.absorb(data)
+
+    return this
+  }
+
+  Shake.prototype.squeeze = function (dataByteLength, encoding) {
+    if (!this._finalized) {
+      this._finalized = true
+      this._state.absorbLastFewBits(this._delimitedSuffix)
+    }
+
+    var data = this._state.squeeze(dataByteLength)
+    if (encoding !== undefined) data = data.toString(encoding)
+
+    return data
+  }
+
+  Shake.prototype._resetState = function () {
+    this._state.initialize(this._rate, this._capacity)
+    return this
+  }
+
+  Shake.prototype._clone = function () {
+    var clone = new Shake(this._rate, this._capacity, this._delimitedSuffix, this._options)
+    this._state.copy(clone._state)
+    clone._finalized = this._finalized
+
+    return clone
+  }
+
+  return Shake
+}
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":5,"inherits":63,"stream":25}],69:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict'
+var P1600_ROUND_CONSTANTS = [1, 0, 32898, 0, 32906, 2147483648, 2147516416, 2147483648, 32907, 0, 2147483649, 0, 2147516545, 2147483648, 32777, 2147483648, 138, 0, 136, 0, 2147516425, 0, 2147483658, 0, 2147516555, 0, 139, 2147483648, 32905, 2147483648, 32771, 2147483648, 32770, 2147483648, 128, 2147483648, 32778, 0, 2147483658, 2147483648, 2147516545, 2147483648, 32896, 2147483648, 2147483649, 0, 2147516424, 2147483648]
+
+exports.p1600 = function (s) {
+  for (var round = 0; round < 24; ++round) {
+    // theta
+    var lo0 = s[0] ^ s[10] ^ s[20] ^ s[30] ^ s[40]
+    var hi0 = s[1] ^ s[11] ^ s[21] ^ s[31] ^ s[41]
+    var lo1 = s[2] ^ s[12] ^ s[22] ^ s[32] ^ s[42]
+    var hi1 = s[3] ^ s[13] ^ s[23] ^ s[33] ^ s[43]
+    var lo2 = s[4] ^ s[14] ^ s[24] ^ s[34] ^ s[44]
+    var hi2 = s[5] ^ s[15] ^ s[25] ^ s[35] ^ s[45]
+    var lo3 = s[6] ^ s[16] ^ s[26] ^ s[36] ^ s[46]
+    var hi3 = s[7] ^ s[17] ^ s[27] ^ s[37] ^ s[47]
+    var lo4 = s[8] ^ s[18] ^ s[28] ^ s[38] ^ s[48]
+    var hi4 = s[9] ^ s[19] ^ s[29] ^ s[39] ^ s[49]
+
+    var lo = lo4 ^ (lo1 << 1 | hi1 >>> 31)
+    var hi = hi4 ^ (hi1 << 1 | lo1 >>> 31)
+    var t1slo0 = s[0] ^ lo
+    var t1shi0 = s[1] ^ hi
+    var t1slo5 = s[10] ^ lo
+    var t1shi5 = s[11] ^ hi
+    var t1slo10 = s[20] ^ lo
+    var t1shi10 = s[21] ^ hi
+    var t1slo15 = s[30] ^ lo
+    var t1shi15 = s[31] ^ hi
+    var t1slo20 = s[40] ^ lo
+    var t1shi20 = s[41] ^ hi
+    lo = lo0 ^ (lo2 << 1 | hi2 >>> 31)
+    hi = hi0 ^ (hi2 << 1 | lo2 >>> 31)
+    var t1slo1 = s[2] ^ lo
+    var t1shi1 = s[3] ^ hi
+    var t1slo6 = s[12] ^ lo
+    var t1shi6 = s[13] ^ hi
+    var t1slo11 = s[22] ^ lo
+    var t1shi11 = s[23] ^ hi
+    var t1slo16 = s[32] ^ lo
+    var t1shi16 = s[33] ^ hi
+    var t1slo21 = s[42] ^ lo
+    var t1shi21 = s[43] ^ hi
+    lo = lo1 ^ (lo3 << 1 | hi3 >>> 31)
+    hi = hi1 ^ (hi3 << 1 | lo3 >>> 31)
+    var t1slo2 = s[4] ^ lo
+    var t1shi2 = s[5] ^ hi
+    var t1slo7 = s[14] ^ lo
+    var t1shi7 = s[15] ^ hi
+    var t1slo12 = s[24] ^ lo
+    var t1shi12 = s[25] ^ hi
+    var t1slo17 = s[34] ^ lo
+    var t1shi17 = s[35] ^ hi
+    var t1slo22 = s[44] ^ lo
+    var t1shi22 = s[45] ^ hi
+    lo = lo2 ^ (lo4 << 1 | hi4 >>> 31)
+    hi = hi2 ^ (hi4 << 1 | lo4 >>> 31)
+    var t1slo3 = s[6] ^ lo
+    var t1shi3 = s[7] ^ hi
+    var t1slo8 = s[16] ^ lo
+    var t1shi8 = s[17] ^ hi
+    var t1slo13 = s[26] ^ lo
+    var t1shi13 = s[27] ^ hi
+    var t1slo18 = s[36] ^ lo
+    var t1shi18 = s[37] ^ hi
+    var t1slo23 = s[46] ^ lo
+    var t1shi23 = s[47] ^ hi
+    lo = lo3 ^ (lo0 << 1 | hi0 >>> 31)
+    hi = hi3 ^ (hi0 << 1 | lo0 >>> 31)
+    var t1slo4 = s[8] ^ lo
+    var t1shi4 = s[9] ^ hi
+    var t1slo9 = s[18] ^ lo
+    var t1shi9 = s[19] ^ hi
+    var t1slo14 = s[28] ^ lo
+    var t1shi14 = s[29] ^ hi
+    var t1slo19 = s[38] ^ lo
+    var t1shi19 = s[39] ^ hi
+    var t1slo24 = s[48] ^ lo
+    var t1shi24 = s[49] ^ hi
+
+    // rho & pi
+    var t2slo0 = t1slo0
+    var t2shi0 = t1shi0
+    var t2slo16 = (t1shi5 << 4 | t1slo5 >>> 28)
+    var t2shi16 = (t1slo5 << 4 | t1shi5 >>> 28)
+    var t2slo7 = (t1slo10 << 3 | t1shi10 >>> 29)
+    var t2shi7 = (t1shi10 << 3 | t1slo10 >>> 29)
+    var t2slo23 = (t1shi15 << 9 | t1slo15 >>> 23)
+    var t2shi23 = (t1slo15 << 9 | t1shi15 >>> 23)
+    var t2slo14 = (t1slo20 << 18 | t1shi20 >>> 14)
+    var t2shi14 = (t1shi20 << 18 | t1slo20 >>> 14)
+    var t2slo10 = (t1slo1 << 1 | t1shi1 >>> 31)
+    var t2shi10 = (t1shi1 << 1 | t1slo1 >>> 31)
+    var t2slo1 = (t1shi6 << 12 | t1slo6 >>> 20)
+    var t2shi1 = (t1slo6 << 12 | t1shi6 >>> 20)
+    var t2slo17 = (t1slo11 << 10 | t1shi11 >>> 22)
+    var t2shi17 = (t1shi11 << 10 | t1slo11 >>> 22)
+    var t2slo8 = (t1shi16 << 13 | t1slo16 >>> 19)
+    var t2shi8 = (t1slo16 << 13 | t1shi16 >>> 19)
+    var t2slo24 = (t1slo21 << 2 | t1shi21 >>> 30)
+    var t2shi24 = (t1shi21 << 2 | t1slo21 >>> 30)
+    var t2slo20 = (t1shi2 << 30 | t1slo2 >>> 2)
+    var t2shi20 = (t1slo2 << 30 | t1shi2 >>> 2)
+    var t2slo11 = (t1slo7 << 6 | t1shi7 >>> 26)
+    var t2shi11 = (t1shi7 << 6 | t1slo7 >>> 26)
+    var t2slo2 = (t1shi12 << 11 | t1slo12 >>> 21)
+    var t2shi2 = (t1slo12 << 11 | t1shi12 >>> 21)
+    var t2slo18 = (t1slo17 << 15 | t1shi17 >>> 17)
+    var t2shi18 = (t1shi17 << 15 | t1slo17 >>> 17)
+    var t2slo9 = (t1shi22 << 29 | t1slo22 >>> 3)
+    var t2shi9 = (t1slo22 << 29 | t1shi22 >>> 3)
+    var t2slo5 = (t1slo3 << 28 | t1shi3 >>> 4)
+    var t2shi5 = (t1shi3 << 28 | t1slo3 >>> 4)
+    var t2slo21 = (t1shi8 << 23 | t1slo8 >>> 9)
+    var t2shi21 = (t1slo8 << 23 | t1shi8 >>> 9)
+    var t2slo12 = (t1slo13 << 25 | t1shi13 >>> 7)
+    var t2shi12 = (t1shi13 << 25 | t1slo13 >>> 7)
+    var t2slo3 = (t1slo18 << 21 | t1shi18 >>> 11)
+    var t2shi3 = (t1shi18 << 21 | t1slo18 >>> 11)
+    var t2slo19 = (t1shi23 << 24 | t1slo23 >>> 8)
+    var t2shi19 = (t1slo23 << 24 | t1shi23 >>> 8)
+    var t2slo15 = (t1slo4 << 27 | t1shi4 >>> 5)
+    var t2shi15 = (t1shi4 << 27 | t1slo4 >>> 5)
+    var t2slo6 = (t1slo9 << 20 | t1shi9 >>> 12)
+    var t2shi6 = (t1shi9 << 20 | t1slo9 >>> 12)
+    var t2slo22 = (t1shi14 << 7 | t1slo14 >>> 25)
+    var t2shi22 = (t1slo14 << 7 | t1shi14 >>> 25)
+    var t2slo13 = (t1slo19 << 8 | t1shi19 >>> 24)
+    var t2shi13 = (t1shi19 << 8 | t1slo19 >>> 24)
+    var t2slo4 = (t1slo24 << 14 | t1shi24 >>> 18)
+    var t2shi4 = (t1shi24 << 14 | t1slo24 >>> 18)
+
+    // chi
+    s[0] = t2slo0 ^ (~t2slo1 & t2slo2)
+    s[1] = t2shi0 ^ (~t2shi1 & t2shi2)
+    s[10] = t2slo5 ^ (~t2slo6 & t2slo7)
+    s[11] = t2shi5 ^ (~t2shi6 & t2shi7)
+    s[20] = t2slo10 ^ (~t2slo11 & t2slo12)
+    s[21] = t2shi10 ^ (~t2shi11 & t2shi12)
+    s[30] = t2slo15 ^ (~t2slo16 & t2slo17)
+    s[31] = t2shi15 ^ (~t2shi16 & t2shi17)
+    s[40] = t2slo20 ^ (~t2slo21 & t2slo22)
+    s[41] = t2shi20 ^ (~t2shi21 & t2shi22)
+    s[2] = t2slo1 ^ (~t2slo2 & t2slo3)
+    s[3] = t2shi1 ^ (~t2shi2 & t2shi3)
+    s[12] = t2slo6 ^ (~t2slo7 & t2slo8)
+    s[13] = t2shi6 ^ (~t2shi7 & t2shi8)
+    s[22] = t2slo11 ^ (~t2slo12 & t2slo13)
+    s[23] = t2shi11 ^ (~t2shi12 & t2shi13)
+    s[32] = t2slo16 ^ (~t2slo17 & t2slo18)
+    s[33] = t2shi16 ^ (~t2shi17 & t2shi18)
+    s[42] = t2slo21 ^ (~t2slo22 & t2slo23)
+    s[43] = t2shi21 ^ (~t2shi22 & t2shi23)
+    s[4] = t2slo2 ^ (~t2slo3 & t2slo4)
+    s[5] = t2shi2 ^ (~t2shi3 & t2shi4)
+    s[14] = t2slo7 ^ (~t2slo8 & t2slo9)
+    s[15] = t2shi7 ^ (~t2shi8 & t2shi9)
+    s[24] = t2slo12 ^ (~t2slo13 & t2slo14)
+    s[25] = t2shi12 ^ (~t2shi13 & t2shi14)
+    s[34] = t2slo17 ^ (~t2slo18 & t2slo19)
+    s[35] = t2shi17 ^ (~t2shi18 & t2shi19)
+    s[44] = t2slo22 ^ (~t2slo23 & t2slo24)
+    s[45] = t2shi22 ^ (~t2shi23 & t2shi24)
+    s[6] = t2slo3 ^ (~t2slo4 & t2slo0)
+    s[7] = t2shi3 ^ (~t2shi4 & t2shi0)
+    s[16] = t2slo8 ^ (~t2slo9 & t2slo5)
+    s[17] = t2shi8 ^ (~t2shi9 & t2shi5)
+    s[26] = t2slo13 ^ (~t2slo14 & t2slo10)
+    s[27] = t2shi13 ^ (~t2shi14 & t2shi10)
+    s[36] = t2slo18 ^ (~t2slo19 & t2slo15)
+    s[37] = t2shi18 ^ (~t2shi19 & t2shi15)
+    s[46] = t2slo23 ^ (~t2slo24 & t2slo20)
+    s[47] = t2shi23 ^ (~t2shi24 & t2shi20)
+    s[8] = t2slo4 ^ (~t2slo0 & t2slo1)
+    s[9] = t2shi4 ^ (~t2shi0 & t2shi1)
+    s[18] = t2slo9 ^ (~t2slo5 & t2slo6)
+    s[19] = t2shi9 ^ (~t2shi5 & t2shi6)
+    s[28] = t2slo14 ^ (~t2slo10 & t2slo11)
+    s[29] = t2shi14 ^ (~t2shi10 & t2shi11)
+    s[38] = t2slo19 ^ (~t2slo15 & t2slo16)
+    s[39] = t2shi19 ^ (~t2shi15 & t2shi16)
+    s[48] = t2slo24 ^ (~t2slo20 & t2slo21)
+    s[49] = t2shi24 ^ (~t2shi20 & t2shi21)
+
+    // iota
+    s[0] ^= P1600_ROUND_CONSTANTS[round * 2]
+    s[1] ^= P1600_ROUND_CONSTANTS[round * 2 + 1]
+  }
+}
+
+},{}],70:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict'
+var keccakState = require('./keccak-state-unroll')
 
-function Script (buffer, chunks) {
-  typeForce('Buffer', buffer)
-  typeForce('Array', chunks)
+function Keccak () {
+  // much faster than `new Array(50)`
+  this.state = [
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+  ]
 
-  this.buffer = buffer
-  this.chunks = chunks
+  this.blockSize = null
+  this.count = 0
+  this.squeezing = false
 }
 
-Script.fromASM = function (asm) {
-  var strChunks = asm.split(' ')
-  var chunks = strChunks.map(function (strChunk) {
-    // opcode
-    if (strChunk in opcodes) {
-      return opcodes[strChunk]
+Keccak.prototype.initialize = function (rate, capacity) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < 50; ++i) this.state[i] = 0
+  this.blockSize = rate / 8
+  this.count = 0
+  this.squeezing = false
+}
 
-    // data chunk
-    } else {
-      return new Buffer(strChunk, 'hex')
+Keccak.prototype.absorb = function (data) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < data.length; ++i) {
+    this.state[~~(this.count / 4)] ^= data[i] << (8 * (this.count % 4))
+    this.count += 1
+    if (this.count === this.blockSize) {
+      keccakState.p1600(this.state)
+      this.count = 0
     }
-  })
+  }
+}
 
-  return Script.fromChunks(chunks)
+Keccak.prototype.absorbLastFewBits = function (bits) {
+  this.state[~~(this.count / 4)] ^= bits << (8 * (this.count % 4))
+  if ((bits & 0x80) !== 0 && this.count === (this.blockSize - 1)) keccakState.p1600(this.state)
+  this.state[~~((this.blockSize - 1) / 4)] ^= 0x80 << (8 * ((this.blockSize - 1) % 4))
+  keccakState.p1600(this.state)
+  this.count = 0
+  this.squeezing = true
 }
 
-Script.fromBuffer = function (buffer) {
-  var chunks = []
-  var i = 0
+Keccak.prototype.squeeze = function (length) {
+  if (!this.squeezing) this.absorbLastFewBits(0x01)
 
-  while (i < buffer.length) {
-    var opcode = buffer.readUInt8(i)
+  var output = Buffer.allocUnsafe(length)
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+    output[i] = (this.state[~~(this.count / 4)] >>> (8 * (this.count % 4))) & 0xff
+    this.count += 1
+    if (this.count === this.blockSize) {
+      keccakState.p1600(this.state)
+      this.count = 0
+    }
+  }
 
-    // data chunk
-    if ((opcode > opcodes.OP_0) && (opcode <= opcodes.OP_PUSHDATA4)) {
-      var d = bufferutils.readPushDataInt(buffer, i)
+  return output
+}
 
-      // did reading a pushDataInt fail? return non-chunked script
-      if (d === null) return new Script(buffer, [])
-      i += d.size
+Keccak.prototype.copy = function (dest) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < 50; ++i) dest.state[i] = this.state[i]
+  dest.blockSize = this.blockSize
+  dest.count = this.count
+  dest.squeezing = this.squeezing
+}
 
-      // attempt to read too much data?
-      if (i + d.number > buffer.length) return new Script(buffer, [])
+module.exports = Keccak
 
-      var data = buffer.slice(i, i + d.number)
-      i += d.number
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./keccak-state-unroll":69,"buffer":5}],71:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/*
+CryptoJS v3.1.2
+code.google.com/p/crypto-js
+(c) 2009-2013 by Jeff Mott. All rights reserved.
+code.google.com/p/crypto-js/wiki/License
+*/
+/** @preserve
+(c) 2012 by Cédric Mesnil. All rights reserved.
 
-      chunks.push(data)
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 
-    // opcode
-    } else {
-      chunks.push(opcode)
+    - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 
-      i += 1
-    }
-  }
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+*/
 
-  return new Script(buffer, chunks)
+// constants table
+var zl = [
+  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
+  7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8,
+  3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12,
+  1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2,
+  4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13
+]
+
+var zr = [
+  5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12,
+  6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2,
+  15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13,
+  8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14,
+  12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11
+]
+
+var sl = [
+  11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8,
+  7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12,
+  11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5,
+  11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12,
+  9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6
+]
+
+var sr = [
+  8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6,
+  9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11,
+  9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5,
+  15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8,
+  8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11
+]
+
+var hl = [0x00000000, 0x5A827999, 0x6ED9EBA1, 0x8F1BBCDC, 0xA953FD4E]
+var hr = [0x50A28BE6, 0x5C4DD124, 0x6D703EF3, 0x7A6D76E9, 0x00000000]
+
+function bytesToWords (bytes) {
+  var words = []
+  for (var i = 0, b = 0; i < bytes.length; i++, b += 8) {
+    words[b >>> 5] |= bytes[i] << (24 - b % 32)
+  }
+  return words
 }
 
-Script.fromChunks = function (chunks) {
-  typeForce('Array', chunks)
+function wordsToBytes (words) {
+  var bytes = []
+  for (var b = 0; b < words.length * 32; b += 8) {
+    bytes.push((words[b >>> 5] >>> (24 - b % 32)) & 0xFF)
+  }
+  return bytes
+}
 
-  var bufferSize = chunks.reduce(function (accum, chunk) {
-    // data chunk
-    if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
-      return accum + bufferutils.pushDataSize(chunk.length) + chunk.length
-    }
+function processBlock (H, M, offset) {
+  // swap endian
+  for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+    var offset_i = offset + i
+    var M_offset_i = M[offset_i]
 
-    // opcode
-    return accum + 1
-  }, 0.0)
+    // Swap
+    M[offset_i] = (
+      (((M_offset_i << 8) | (M_offset_i >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
+      (((M_offset_i << 24) | (M_offset_i >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
+    )
+  }
 
-  var buffer = new Buffer(bufferSize)
-  var offset = 0
+  // Working variables
+  var al, bl, cl, dl, el
+  var ar, br, cr, dr, er
 
-  chunks.forEach(function (chunk) {
-    // data chunk
-    if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
-      offset += bufferutils.writePushDataInt(buffer, chunk.length, offset)
+  ar = al = H[0]
+  br = bl = H[1]
+  cr = cl = H[2]
+  dr = dl = H[3]
+  er = el = H[4]
 
-      chunk.copy(buffer, offset)
-      offset += chunk.length
+  // computation
+  var t
+  for (i = 0; i < 80; i += 1) {
+    t = (al + M[offset + zl[i]]) | 0
+    if (i < 16) {
+      t += f1(bl, cl, dl) + hl[0]
+    } else if (i < 32) {
+      t += f2(bl, cl, dl) + hl[1]
+    } else if (i < 48) {
+      t += f3(bl, cl, dl) + hl[2]
+    } else if (i < 64) {
+      t += f4(bl, cl, dl) + hl[3]
+    } else {// if (i<80) {
+      t += f5(bl, cl, dl) + hl[4]
+    }
+    t = t | 0
+    t = rotl(t, sl[i])
+    t = (t + el) | 0
+    al = el
+    el = dl
+    dl = rotl(cl, 10)
+    cl = bl
+    bl = t
 
-    // opcode
-    } else {
-      buffer.writeUInt8(chunk, offset)
-      offset += 1
+    t = (ar + M[offset + zr[i]]) | 0
+    if (i < 16) {
+      t += f5(br, cr, dr) + hr[0]
+    } else if (i < 32) {
+      t += f4(br, cr, dr) + hr[1]
+    } else if (i < 48) {
+      t += f3(br, cr, dr) + hr[2]
+    } else if (i < 64) {
+      t += f2(br, cr, dr) + hr[3]
+    } else {// if (i<80) {
+      t += f1(br, cr, dr) + hr[4]
     }
-  })
 
-  assert.equal(offset, buffer.length, 'Could not decode chunks')
-  return new Script(buffer, chunks)
-}
+    t = t | 0
+    t = rotl(t, sr[i])
+    t = (t + er) | 0
+    ar = er
+    er = dr
+    dr = rotl(cr, 10)
+    cr = br
+    br = t
+  }
 
-Script.fromHex = function (hex) {
-  return Script.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'))
+  // intermediate hash value
+  t = (H[1] + cl + dr) | 0
+  H[1] = (H[2] + dl + er) | 0
+  H[2] = (H[3] + el + ar) | 0
+  H[3] = (H[4] + al + br) | 0
+  H[4] = (H[0] + bl + cr) | 0
+  H[0] = t
 }
 
-Script.EMPTY = Script.fromChunks([])
-
-Script.prototype.getHash = function () {
-  return crypto.hash160(this.buffer)
+function f1 (x, y, z) {
+  return ((x) ^ (y) ^ (z))
 }
 
-// FIXME: doesn't work for data chunks, maybe time to use buffertools.compare...
-Script.prototype.without = function (needle) {
-  return Script.fromChunks(this.chunks.filter(function (op) {
-    return op !== needle
-  }))
+function f2 (x, y, z) {
+  return (((x) & (y)) | ((~x) & (z)))
 }
 
-var reverseOps = []
-for (var op in opcodes) {
-  var code = opcodes[op]
-  reverseOps[code] = op
+function f3 (x, y, z) {
+  return (((x) | (~(y))) ^ (z))
 }
 
-Script.prototype.toASM = function () {
-  return this.chunks.map(function (chunk) {
-    // data chunk
-    if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
-      return chunk.toString('hex')
-
-    // opcode
-    } else {
-      return reverseOps[chunk]
-    }
-  }).join(' ')
+function f4 (x, y, z) {
+  return (((x) & (z)) | ((y) & (~(z))))
 }
 
-Script.prototype.toBuffer = function () {
-  return this.buffer
+function f5 (x, y, z) {
+  return ((x) ^ ((y) | (~(z))))
 }
 
-Script.prototype.toHex = function () {
-  return this.toBuffer().toString('hex')
+function rotl (x, n) {
+  return (x << n) | (x >>> (32 - n))
 }
 
-module.exports = Script
+function ripemd160 (message) {
+  var H = [0x67452301, 0xEFCDAB89, 0x98BADCFE, 0x10325476, 0xC3D2E1F0]
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./opcodes":67,"assert":5,"buffer":7,"typeforce":53}],69:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var ops = require('./opcodes')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
+  if (typeof message === 'string') {
+    message = new Buffer(message, 'utf8')
+  }
 
-var ecurve = require('ecurve')
-var curve = ecurve.getCurveByName('secp256k1')
+  var m = bytesToWords(message)
 
-var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
-var Script = require('./script')
+  var nBitsLeft = message.length * 8
+  var nBitsTotal = message.length * 8
 
-function isCanonicalPubKey (buffer) {
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buffer)) return false
+  // Add padding
+  m[nBitsLeft >>> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - nBitsLeft % 32)
+  m[(((nBitsLeft + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = (
+    (((nBitsTotal << 8) | (nBitsTotal >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
+    (((nBitsTotal << 24) | (nBitsTotal >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
+  )
 
-  try {
-    ecurve.Point.decodeFrom(curve, buffer)
-  } catch (e) {
-    if (!(e.message.match(/Invalid sequence (length|tag)/)))
-      throw e
+  for (var i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
+    processBlock(H, m, i)
+  }
 
-    return false
+  // swap endian
+  for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+    // shortcut
+    var H_i = H[i]
+
+    // Swap
+    H[i] = (((H_i << 8) | (H_i >>> 24)) & 0x00ff00ff) |
+      (((H_i << 24) | (H_i >>> 8)) & 0xff00ff00)
   }
 
-  return true
+  var digestbytes = wordsToBytes(H)
+  return new Buffer(digestbytes)
 }
 
-function isCanonicalSignature (buffer) {
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buffer)) return false
+module.exports = ripemd160
 
-  try {
-    ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(buffer)
-  } catch (e) {
-    if (!(e.message.match(/Not a DER sequence|Invalid sequence length|Expected a DER integer|R length is zero|S length is zero|R value excessively padded|S value excessively padded|R value is negative|S value is negative|Invalid hashType/))) {
-      throw e
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":5}],72:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+const assert = require('assert')
+/**
+ * RLP Encoding based on: https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/%5BEnglish%5D-RLP
+ * This function takes in a data, convert it to buffer if not, and a length for recursion
+ *
+ * @param {Buffer,String,Integer,Array} data - will be converted to buffer
+ * @returns {Buffer} - returns buffer of encoded data
+ **/
+exports.encode = function (input) {
+  if (input instanceof Array) {
+    var output = []
+    for (var i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
+      output.push(exports.encode(input[i]))
+    }
+    var buf = Buffer.concat(output)
+    return Buffer.concat([encodeLength(buf.length, 192), buf])
+  } else {
+    input = toBuffer(input)
+    if (input.length === 1 && input[0] < 128) {
+      return input
+    } else {
+      return Buffer.concat([encodeLength(input.length, 128), input])
     }
-
-    return false
   }
-
-  return true
 }
 
-function isPubKeyHashInput (script) {
-  return script.chunks.length === 2 &&
-    isCanonicalSignature(script.chunks[0]) &&
-    isCanonicalPubKey(script.chunks[1])
-}
-
-function isPubKeyHashOutput (script) {
-  return script.chunks.length === 5 &&
-    script.chunks[0] === ops.OP_DUP &&
-    script.chunks[1] === ops.OP_HASH160 &&
-    Buffer.isBuffer(script.chunks[2]) &&
-    script.chunks[2].length === 20 &&
-    script.chunks[3] === ops.OP_EQUALVERIFY &&
-    script.chunks[4] === ops.OP_CHECKSIG
-}
+function safeParseInt (v, base) {
+  if (v.slice(0, 2) === '00') {
+    throw (new Error('invalid RLP: extra zeros'))
+  }
 
-function isPubKeyInput (script) {
-  return script.chunks.length === 1 &&
-    isCanonicalSignature(script.chunks[0])
+  return parseInt(v, base)
 }
 
-function isPubKeyOutput (script) {
-  return script.chunks.length === 2 &&
-    isCanonicalPubKey(script.chunks[0]) &&
-    script.chunks[1] === ops.OP_CHECKSIG
+function encodeLength (len, offset) {
+  if (len < 56) {
+    return new Buffer([len + offset])
+  } else {
+    var hexLength = intToHex(len)
+    var lLength = hexLength.length / 2
+    var firstByte = intToHex(offset + 55 + lLength)
+    return new Buffer(firstByte + hexLength, 'hex')
+  }
 }
 
-function isScriptHashInput (script, allowIncomplete) {
-  if (script.chunks.length < 2) return false
-
-  var lastChunk = script.chunks[script.chunks.length - 1]
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(lastChunk)) return false
-
-  var scriptSig = Script.fromChunks(script.chunks.slice(0, -1))
-  var redeemScript = Script.fromBuffer(lastChunk)
+/**
+ * RLP Decoding based on: {@link https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/%5BEnglish%5D-RLP|RLP}
+ * @param {Buffer,String,Integer,Array} data - will be converted to buffer
+ * @returns {Array} - returns decode Array of Buffers containg the original message
+ **/
+exports.decode = function (input, stream) {
+  if (!input || input.length === 0) {
+    return new Buffer([])
+  }
 
-  // is redeemScript a valid script?
-  if (redeemScript.chunks.length === 0) return false
+  input = toBuffer(input)
+  var decoded = _decode(input)
 
-  return classifyInput(scriptSig, allowIncomplete) === classifyOutput(redeemScript)
-}
+  if (stream) {
+    return decoded
+  }
 
-function isScriptHashOutput (script) {
-  return script.chunks.length === 3 &&
-    script.chunks[0] === ops.OP_HASH160 &&
-    Buffer.isBuffer(script.chunks[1]) &&
-    script.chunks[1].length === 20 &&
-    script.chunks[2] === ops.OP_EQUAL
+  assert.equal(decoded.remainder.length, 0, 'invalid remainder')
+  return decoded.data
 }
 
-// allowIncomplete is to account for combining signatures
-// See https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/f425050546644a36b0b8e0eb2f6934a3e0f6f80f/src/script/sign.cpp#L195-L197
-function isMultisigInput (script, allowIncomplete) {
-  if (script.chunks.length < 2) return false
-  if (script.chunks[0] !== ops.OP_0) return false
-
-  if (allowIncomplete) {
-    return script.chunks.slice(1).every(function (chunk) {
-      return chunk === ops.OP_0 || isCanonicalSignature(chunk)
-    })
+exports.getLength = function (input) {
+  if (!input || input.length === 0) {
+    return new Buffer([])
   }
 
-  return script.chunks.slice(1).every(isCanonicalSignature)
+  input = toBuffer(input)
+  var firstByte = input[0]
+  if (firstByte <= 0x7f) {
+    return input.length
+  } else if (firstByte <= 0xb7) {
+    return firstByte - 0x7f
+  } else if (firstByte <= 0xbf) {
+    return firstByte - 0xb6
+  } else if (firstByte <= 0xf7) {
+    // a list between  0-55 bytes long
+    return firstByte - 0xbf
+  } else {
+    // a list  over 55 bytes long
+    var llength = firstByte - 0xf6
+    var length = safeParseInt(input.slice(1, llength).toString('hex'), 16)
+    return llength + length
+  }
 }
 
-function isMultisigOutput (script) {
-  if (script.chunks.length < 4) return false
-  if (script.chunks[script.chunks.length - 1] !== ops.OP_CHECKMULTISIG) return false
+function _decode (input) {
+  var length, llength, data, innerRemainder, d
+  var decoded = []
+  var firstByte = input[0]
 
-  var mOp = script.chunks[0]
-  if (mOp === ops.OP_0) return false
-  if (mOp < ops.OP_1) return false
-  if (mOp > ops.OP_16) return false
+  if (firstByte <= 0x7f) {
+    // a single byte whose value is in the [0x00, 0x7f] range, that byte is its own RLP encoding.
+    return {
+      data: input.slice(0, 1),
+      remainder: input.slice(1)
+    }
+  } else if (firstByte <= 0xb7) {
+    // string is 0-55 bytes long. A single byte with value 0x80 plus the length of the string followed by the string
+    // The range of the first byte is [0x80, 0xb7]
+    length = firstByte - 0x7f
 
-  var nOp = script.chunks[script.chunks.length - 2]
-  if (nOp === ops.OP_0) return false
-  if (nOp < ops.OP_1) return false
-  if (nOp > ops.OP_16) return false
+    // set 0x80 null to 0
+    if (firstByte === 0x80) {
+      data = new Buffer([])
+    } else {
+      data = input.slice(1, length)
+    }
 
-  var m = mOp - (ops.OP_1 - 1)
-  var n = nOp - (ops.OP_1 - 1)
-  if (n < m) return false
+    if (length === 2 && data[0] < 0x80) {
+      throw new Error('invalid rlp encoding: byte must be less 0x80')
+    }
 
-  var pubKeys = script.chunks.slice(1, -2)
-  if (n < pubKeys.length) return false
+    return {
+      data: data,
+      remainder: input.slice(length)
+    }
+  } else if (firstByte <= 0xbf) {
+    llength = firstByte - 0xb6
+    length = safeParseInt(input.slice(1, llength).toString('hex'), 16)
+    data = input.slice(llength, length + llength)
+    if (data.length < length) {
+      throw (new Error('invalid RLP'))
+    }
 
-  return pubKeys.every(isCanonicalPubKey)
-}
+    return {
+      data: data,
+      remainder: input.slice(length + llength)
+    }
+  } else if (firstByte <= 0xf7) {
+    // a list between  0-55 bytes long
+    length = firstByte - 0xbf
+    innerRemainder = input.slice(1, length)
+    while (innerRemainder.length) {
+      d = _decode(innerRemainder)
+      decoded.push(d.data)
+      innerRemainder = d.remainder
+    }
 
-function isNullDataOutput (script) {
-  return script.chunks[0] === ops.OP_RETURN
-}
+    return {
+      data: decoded,
+      remainder: input.slice(length)
+    }
+  } else {
+    // a list  over 55 bytes long
+    llength = firstByte - 0xf6
+    length = safeParseInt(input.slice(1, llength).toString('hex'), 16)
+    var totalLength = llength + length
+    if (totalLength > input.length) {
+      throw new Error('invalid rlp: total length is larger than the data')
+    }
 
-function classifyOutput (script) {
-  typeForce('Script', script)
+    innerRemainder = input.slice(llength, totalLength)
+    if (innerRemainder.length === 0) {
+      throw new Error('invalid rlp, List has a invalid length')
+    }
 
-  if (isPubKeyHashOutput(script)) {
-    return 'pubkeyhash'
-  } else if (isScriptHashOutput(script)) {
-    return 'scripthash'
-  } else if (isMultisigOutput(script)) {
-    return 'multisig'
-  } else if (isPubKeyOutput(script)) {
-    return 'pubkey'
-  } else if (isNullDataOutput(script)) {
-    return 'nulldata'
+    while (innerRemainder.length) {
+      d = _decode(innerRemainder)
+      decoded.push(d.data)
+      innerRemainder = d.remainder
+    }
+    return {
+      data: decoded,
+      remainder: input.slice(totalLength)
+    }
   }
+}
 
-  return 'nonstandard'
+function isHexPrefixed (str) {
+  return str.slice(0, 2) === '0x'
 }
 
-function classifyInput (script, allowIncomplete) {
-  typeForce('Script', script)
+// Removes 0x from a given String
+function stripHexPrefix (str) {
+  if (typeof str !== 'string') {
+    return str
+  }
+  return isHexPrefixed(str) ? str.slice(2) : str
+}
 
-  if (isPubKeyHashInput(script)) {
-    return 'pubkeyhash'
-  } else if (isMultisigInput(script, allowIncomplete)) {
-    return 'multisig'
-  } else if (isScriptHashInput(script, allowIncomplete)) {
-    return 'scripthash'
-  } else if (isPubKeyInput(script)) {
-    return 'pubkey'
+function intToHex (i) {
+  var hex = i.toString(16)
+  if (hex.length % 2) {
+    hex = '0' + hex
   }
 
-  return 'nonstandard'
+  return hex
 }
 
-// Standard Script Templates
-// {pubKey} OP_CHECKSIG
-function pubKeyOutput (pubKey) {
-  return Script.fromChunks([
-    pubKey.toBuffer(),
-    ops.OP_CHECKSIG
-  ])
+function padToEven (a) {
+  if (a.length % 2) a = '0' + a
+  return a
 }
 
-// OP_DUP OP_HASH160 {pubKeyHash} OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG
-function pubKeyHashOutput (hash) {
-  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
-
-  return Script.fromChunks([
-    ops.OP_DUP,
-    ops.OP_HASH160,
-    hash,
-    ops.OP_EQUALVERIFY,
-    ops.OP_CHECKSIG
-  ])
+function intToBuffer (i) {
+  var hex = intToHex(i)
+  return new Buffer(hex, 'hex')
 }
 
-// OP_HASH160 {scriptHash} OP_EQUAL
-function scriptHashOutput (hash) {
-  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
-
-  return Script.fromChunks([
-    ops.OP_HASH160,
-    hash,
-    ops.OP_EQUAL
-  ])
+function toBuffer (v) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(v)) {
+    if (typeof v === 'string') {
+      if (isHexPrefixed(v)) {
+        v = new Buffer(padToEven(stripHexPrefix(v)), 'hex')
+      } else {
+        v = new Buffer(v)
+      }
+    } else if (typeof v === 'number') {
+      if (!v) {
+        v = new Buffer([])
+      } else {
+        v = intToBuffer(v)
+      }
+    } else if (v === null || v === undefined) {
+      v = new Buffer([])
+    } else if (v.toArray) {
+      // converts a BN to a Buffer
+      v = new Buffer(v.toArray())
+    } else {
+      throw new Error('invalid type')
+    }
+  }
+  return v
 }
 
-// m [pubKeys ...] n OP_CHECKMULTISIG
-function multisigOutput (m, pubKeys) {
-  typeForce(['ECPubKey'], pubKeys)
-
-  assert(pubKeys.length >= m, 'Not enough pubKeys provided')
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"assert":1,"buffer":5}],73:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict'
+module.exports = require('./lib')(require('./lib/elliptic'))
 
-  var pubKeyBuffers = pubKeys.map(function (pubKey) {
-    return pubKey.toBuffer()
-  })
-  var n = pubKeys.length
+},{"./lib":77,"./lib/elliptic":76}],74:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict'
+var toString = Object.prototype.toString
 
-  return Script.fromChunks([].concat(
-    (ops.OP_1 - 1) + m,
-    pubKeyBuffers,
-    (ops.OP_1 - 1) + n,
-    ops.OP_CHECKMULTISIG
-  ))
+// TypeError
+exports.isArray = function (value, message) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(value)) throw TypeError(message)
 }
 
-// {signature}
-function pubKeyInput (signature) {
-  typeForce('Buffer', signature)
-
-  return Script.fromChunks([signature])
+exports.isBoolean = function (value, message) {
+  if (toString.call(value) !== '[object Boolean]') throw TypeError(message)
 }
 
-// {signature} {pubKey}
-function pubKeyHashInput (signature, pubKey) {
-  typeForce('Buffer', signature)
-
-  return Script.fromChunks([signature, pubKey.toBuffer()])
+exports.isBuffer = function (value, message) {
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(value)) throw TypeError(message)
 }
 
-// <scriptSig> {serialized scriptPubKey script}
-function scriptHashInput (scriptSig, scriptPubKey) {
-  return Script.fromChunks([].concat(
-    scriptSig.chunks,
-    scriptPubKey.toBuffer()
-  ))
+exports.isFunction = function (value, message) {
+  if (toString.call(value) !== '[object Function]') throw TypeError(message)
 }
 
-// OP_0 [signatures ...]
-function multisigInput (signatures, scriptPubKey) {
-  if (scriptPubKey) {
-    assert(isMultisigOutput(scriptPubKey))
+exports.isNumber = function (value, message) {
+  if (toString.call(value) !== '[object Number]') throw TypeError(message)
+}
 
-    var mOp = scriptPubKey.chunks[0]
-    var nOp = scriptPubKey.chunks[scriptPubKey.chunks.length - 2]
-    var m = mOp - (ops.OP_1 - 1)
-    var n = nOp - (ops.OP_1 - 1)
+exports.isObject = function (value, message) {
+  if (toString.call(value) !== '[object Object]') throw TypeError(message)
+}
 
-    assert(signatures.length >= m, 'Not enough signatures provided')
-    assert(signatures.length <= n, 'Too many signatures provided')
-  }
+// RangeError
+exports.isBufferLength = function (buffer, length, message) {
+  if (buffer.length !== length) throw RangeError(message)
+}
 
-  return Script.fromChunks([].concat(ops.OP_0, signatures))
+exports.isBufferLength2 = function (buffer, length1, length2, message) {
+  if (buffer.length !== length1 && buffer.length !== length2) throw RangeError(message)
 }
 
-function nullDataOutput (data) {
-  return Script.fromChunks([ops.OP_RETURN, data])
+exports.isLengthGTZero = function (value, message) {
+  if (value.length === 0) throw RangeError(message)
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  isCanonicalPubKey: isCanonicalPubKey,
-  isCanonicalSignature: isCanonicalSignature,
-  isPubKeyHashInput: isPubKeyHashInput,
-  isPubKeyHashOutput: isPubKeyHashOutput,
-  isPubKeyInput: isPubKeyInput,
-  isPubKeyOutput: isPubKeyOutput,
-  isScriptHashInput: isScriptHashInput,
-  isScriptHashOutput: isScriptHashOutput,
-  isMultisigInput: isMultisigInput,
-  isMultisigOutput: isMultisigOutput,
-  isNullDataOutput: isNullDataOutput,
-  classifyOutput: classifyOutput,
-  classifyInput: classifyInput,
-  pubKeyOutput: pubKeyOutput,
-  pubKeyHashOutput: pubKeyHashOutput,
-  scriptHashOutput: scriptHashOutput,
-  multisigOutput: multisigOutput,
-  pubKeyInput: pubKeyInput,
-  pubKeyHashInput: pubKeyHashInput,
-  scriptHashInput: scriptHashInput,
-  multisigInput: multisigInput,
-  dataOutput: function (data) {
-    console.warn('dataOutput is deprecated, use nullDataOutput by 2.0.0')
-    return nullDataOutput(data)
-  },
-  nullDataOutput: nullDataOutput
+exports.isNumberInInterval = function (number, x, y, message) {
+  if (number <= x || number >= y) throw RangeError(message)
 }
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./ecsignature":62,"./opcodes":67,"./script":68,"assert":5,"buffer":7,"ecurve":49,"typeforce":53}],70:[function(require,module,exports){
+}).call(this,{"isBuffer":require("../../../../../.nvm/versions/node/v7.5.0/lib/node_modules/browserify/node_modules/is-buffer/index.js")})
+},{"../../../../../.nvm/versions/node/v7.5.0/lib/node_modules/browserify/node_modules/is-buffer/index.js":10}],75:[function(require,module,exports){
 (function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
-var crypto = require('./crypto')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
-var opcodes = require('./opcodes')
-var scripts = require('./scripts')
+'use strict'
+var bip66 = require('bip66')
+
+var EC_PRIVKEY_EXPORT_DER_COMPRESSED = new Buffer([
+  // begin
+  0x30, 0x81, 0xd3, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x20,
+  // private key
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  // middle
+  0xa0, 0x81, 0x85, 0x30, 0x81, 0x82, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x30, 0x2c, 0x06, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48,
+  0xcE, 0x3d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+  0xff, 0xff, 0xfE, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x2f, 0x30, 0x06, 0x04, 0x01, 0x00, 0x04, 0x01, 0x07, 0x04,
+  0x21, 0x02, 0x79, 0xbE, 0x66, 0x7E, 0xf9, 0xdc, 0xbb, 0xac, 0x55, 0xa0, 0x62, 0x95, 0xcE, 0x87,
+  0x0b, 0x07, 0x02, 0x9b, 0xfc, 0xdb, 0x2d, 0xcE, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x59, 0xf2, 0x81, 0x5b, 0x16, 0xf8,
+  0x17, 0x98, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfE, 0xba, 0xaE, 0xdc, 0xE6, 0xaf, 0x48, 0xa0, 0x3b, 0xbf, 0xd2, 0x5E,
+  0x8c, 0xd0, 0x36, 0x41, 0x41, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0xa1, 0x24, 0x03, 0x22, 0x00,
+  // public key
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00
+])
+
+var EC_PRIVKEY_EXPORT_DER_UNCOMPRESSED = new Buffer([
+  // begin
+  0x30, 0x82, 0x01, 0x13, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x20,
+  // private key
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  // middle
+  0xa0, 0x81, 0xa5, 0x30, 0x81, 0xa2, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x30, 0x2c, 0x06, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48,
+  0xcE, 0x3d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+  0xff, 0xff, 0xfE, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x2f, 0x30, 0x06, 0x04, 0x01, 0x00, 0x04, 0x01, 0x07, 0x04,
+  0x41, 0x04, 0x79, 0xbE, 0x66, 0x7E, 0xf9, 0xdc, 0xbb, 0xac, 0x55, 0xa0, 0x62, 0x95, 0xcE, 0x87,
+  0x0b, 0x07, 0x02, 0x9b, 0xfc, 0xdb, 0x2d, 0xcE, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x59, 0xf2, 0x81, 0x5b, 0x16, 0xf8,
+  0x17, 0x98, 0x48, 0x3a, 0xda, 0x77, 0x26, 0xa3, 0xc4, 0x65, 0x5d, 0xa4, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0x0E, 0x11,
+  0x08, 0xa8, 0xfd, 0x17, 0xb4, 0x48, 0xa6, 0x85, 0x54, 0x19, 0x9c, 0x47, 0xd0, 0x8f, 0xfb, 0x10,
+  0xd4, 0xb8, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfE, 0xba, 0xaE, 0xdc, 0xE6, 0xaf, 0x48, 0xa0, 0x3b, 0xbf, 0xd2, 0x5E,
+  0x8c, 0xd0, 0x36, 0x41, 0x41, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0xa1, 0x44, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00,
+  // public key
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00
+])
+
+var ZERO_BUFFER_32 = new Buffer([
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+])
+
+exports.privateKeyExport = function (privateKey, publicKey, compressed) {
+  var result = new Buffer(compressed ? EC_PRIVKEY_EXPORT_DER_COMPRESSED : EC_PRIVKEY_EXPORT_DER_UNCOMPRESSED)
+  privateKey.copy(result, compressed ? 8 : 9)
+  publicKey.copy(result, compressed ? 181 : 214)
+  return result
+}
+
+exports.privateKeyImport = function (privateKey) {
+  var length = privateKey.length
+
+  // sequence header
+  var index = 0
+  if (length < index + 1 || privateKey[index] !== 0x30) return
+  index += 1
+
+  // sequence length constructor
+  if (length < index + 1 || !(privateKey[index] & 0x80)) return
+
+  var lenb = privateKey[index] & 0x7f
+  index += 1
+  if (lenb < 1 || lenb > 2) return
+  if (length < index + lenb) return
+
+  // sequence length
+  var len = privateKey[index + lenb - 1] | (lenb > 1 ? privateKey[index + lenb - 2] << 8 : 0)
+  index += lenb
+  if (length < index + len) return
+
+  // sequence element 0: version number (=1)
+  if (length < index + 3 ||
+      privateKey[index] !== 0x02 ||
+      privateKey[index + 1] !== 0x01 ||
+      privateKey[index + 2] !== 0x01) {
+    return
+  }
+  index += 3
 
-var Address = require('./address')
-var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
-var Script = require('./script')
+  // sequence element 1: octet string, up to 32 bytes
+  if (length < index + 2 ||
+      privateKey[index] !== 0x04 ||
+      privateKey[index + 1] > 0x20 ||
+      length < index + 2 + privateKey[index + 1]) {
+    return
+  }
 
-function Transaction () {
-  this.version = 1
-  this.locktime = 0
-  this.ins = []
-  this.outs = []
+  return privateKey.slice(index + 2, index + 2 + privateKey[index + 1])
 }
 
-Transaction.DEFAULT_SEQUENCE = 0xffffffff
-Transaction.SIGHASH_ALL = 0x01
-Transaction.SIGHASH_NONE = 0x02
-Transaction.SIGHASH_SINGLE = 0x03
-Transaction.SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY = 0x80
+exports.signatureExport = function (sigObj) {
+  var r = Buffer.concat([new Buffer([0]), sigObj.r])
+  for (var lenR = 33, posR = 0; lenR > 1 && r[posR] === 0x00 && !(r[posR + 1] & 0x80); --lenR, ++posR);
 
-Transaction.fromBuffer = function (buffer, __disableAssert) {
-  var offset = 0
-  function readSlice (n) {
-    offset += n
-    return buffer.slice(offset - n, offset)
-  }
+  var s = Buffer.concat([new Buffer([0]), sigObj.s])
+  for (var lenS = 33, posS = 0; lenS > 1 && s[posS] === 0x00 && !(s[posS + 1] & 0x80); --lenS, ++posS);
 
-  function readUInt32 () {
-    var i = buffer.readUInt32LE(offset)
-    offset += 4
-    return i
-  }
+  return bip66.encode(r.slice(posR), s.slice(posS))
+}
 
-  function readUInt64 () {
-    var i = bufferutils.readUInt64LE(buffer, offset)
-    offset += 8
-    return i
-  }
+exports.signatureImport = function (sig) {
+  var r = new Buffer(ZERO_BUFFER_32)
+  var s = new Buffer(ZERO_BUFFER_32)
 
-  function readVarInt () {
-    var vi = bufferutils.readVarInt(buffer, offset)
-    offset += vi.size
-    return vi.number
+  try {
+    var sigObj = bip66.decode(sig)
+    if (sigObj.r.length === 33 && sigObj.r[0] === 0x00) sigObj.r = sigObj.r.slice(1)
+    if (sigObj.r.length > 32) throw new Error('R length is too long')
+    if (sigObj.s.length === 33 && sigObj.s[0] === 0x00) sigObj.s = sigObj.s.slice(1)
+    if (sigObj.s.length > 32) throw new Error('S length is too long')
+  } catch (err) {
+    return
   }
 
-  function readScript () {
-    return Script.fromBuffer(readSlice(readVarInt()))
-  }
+  sigObj.r.copy(r, 32 - sigObj.r.length)
+  sigObj.s.copy(s, 32 - sigObj.s.length)
 
-  function readGenerationScript () {
-    return new Script(readSlice(readVarInt()), [])
-  }
+  return { r: r, s: s }
+}
 
-  var tx = new Transaction()
-  tx.version = readUInt32()
+exports.signatureImportLax = function (sig) {
+  var r = new Buffer(ZERO_BUFFER_32)
+  var s = new Buffer(ZERO_BUFFER_32)
 
-  var vinLen = readVarInt()
-  for (var i = 0; i < vinLen; ++i) {
-    var hash = readSlice(32)
+  var length = sig.length
+  var index = 0
 
-    if (Transaction.isCoinbaseHash(hash)) {
-      tx.ins.push({
-        hash: hash,
-        index: readUInt32(),
-        script: readGenerationScript(),
-        sequence: readUInt32()
-      })
-    } else {
-      tx.ins.push({
-        hash: hash,
-        index: readUInt32(),
-        script: readScript(),
-        sequence: readUInt32()
-      })
-    }
+  // sequence tag byte
+  if (sig[index++] !== 0x30) return
+
+  // sequence length byte
+  var lenbyte = sig[index++]
+  if (lenbyte & 0x80) {
+    index += lenbyte - 0x80
+    if (index > length) return
   }
 
-  var voutLen = readVarInt()
-  for (i = 0; i < voutLen; ++i) {
-    tx.outs.push({
-      value: readUInt64(),
-      script: readScript()
-    })
+  // sequence tag byte for r
+  if (sig[index++] !== 0x02) return
+
+  // length for r
+  var rlen = sig[index++]
+  if (rlen & 0x80) {
+    lenbyte = rlen - 0x80
+    if (index + lenbyte > length) return
+    for (; lenbyte > 0 && sig[index] === 0x00; index += 1, lenbyte -= 1);
+    for (rlen = 0; lenbyte > 0; index += 1, lenbyte -= 1) rlen = (rlen << 8) + sig[index]
   }
+  if (rlen > length - index) return
+  var rindex = index
+  index += rlen
 
-  tx.locktime = readUInt32()
+  // sequence tag byte for s
+  if (sig[index++] !== 0x02) return
 
-  if (!__disableAssert) {
-    assert.equal(offset, buffer.length, 'Transaction has unexpected data')
+  // length for s
+  var slen = sig[index++]
+  if (slen & 0x80) {
+    lenbyte = slen - 0x80
+    if (index + lenbyte > length) return
+    for (; lenbyte > 0 && sig[index] === 0x00; index += 1, lenbyte -= 1);
+    for (slen = 0; lenbyte > 0; index += 1, lenbyte -= 1) slen = (slen << 8) + sig[index]
   }
+  if (slen > length - index) return
+  var sindex = index
+  index += slen
 
-  return tx
-}
+  // ignore leading zeros in r
+  for (; rlen > 0 && sig[rindex] === 0x00; rlen -= 1, rindex += 1);
+  // copy r value
+  if (rlen > 32) return
+  var rvalue = sig.slice(rindex, rindex + rlen)
+  rvalue.copy(r, 32 - rvalue.length)
 
-Transaction.fromHex = function (hex) {
-  return Transaction.fromBuffer(new Buffer(hex, 'hex'))
+  // ignore leading zeros in s
+  for (; slen > 0 && sig[sindex] === 0x00; slen -= 1, sindex += 1);
+  // copy s value
+  if (slen > 32) return
+  var svalue = sig.slice(sindex, sindex + slen)
+  svalue.copy(s, 32 - svalue.length)
+
+  return { r: r, s: s }
 }
 
-Transaction.isCoinbaseHash = function (buffer) {
-  return Array.prototype.every.call(buffer, function (x) {
-    return x === 0
-  })
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"bip66":32,"buffer":5}],76:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+'use strict'
+var createHash = require('create-hash')
+var BN = require('bn.js')
+var EC = require('elliptic').ec
+
+var messages = require('../messages.json')
+
+var ec = new EC('secp256k1')
+var ecparams = ec.curve
+
+function loadCompressedPublicKey (first, xBuffer) {
+  var x = new BN(xBuffer)
+
+  // overflow
+  if (x.cmp(ecparams.p) >= 0) return null
+  x = x.toRed(ecparams.red)
+
+  // compute corresponding Y
+  var y = x.redSqr().redIMul(x).redIAdd(ecparams.b).redSqrt()
+  if ((first === 0x03) !== y.isOdd()) y = y.redNeg()
+
+  return ec.keyPair({ pub: { x: x, y: y } })
 }
 
-/**
- * Create a new txIn.
- *
- * Can be called with any of:
- *
- * - A transaction and an index
- * - A transaction hash and an index
- *
- * Note that this method does not sign the created input.
- */
-Transaction.prototype.addInput = function (hash, index, sequence, script) {
-  if (sequence === undefined || sequence === null) {
-    sequence = Transaction.DEFAULT_SEQUENCE
-  }
+function loadUncompressedPublicKey (first, xBuffer, yBuffer) {
+  var x = new BN(xBuffer)
+  var y = new BN(yBuffer)
 
-  script = script || Script.EMPTY
+  // overflow
+  if (x.cmp(ecparams.p) >= 0 || y.cmp(ecparams.p) >= 0) return null
 
-  if (typeof hash === 'string') {
-    // TxId hex is big-endian, we need little-endian
-    hash = bufferutils.reverse(new Buffer(hash, 'hex'))
-  } else if (hash instanceof Transaction) {
-    hash = hash.getHash()
-  }
+  x = x.toRed(ecparams.red)
+  y = y.toRed(ecparams.red)
 
-  typeForce('Buffer', hash)
-  typeForce('Number', index)
-  typeForce('Number', sequence)
-  typeForce('Script', script)
+  // is odd flag
+  if ((first === 0x06 || first === 0x07) && y.isOdd() !== (first === 0x07)) return null
 
-  assert.equal(hash.length, 32, 'Expected hash length of 32, got ' + hash.length)
+  // x*x*x + b = y*y
+  var x3 = x.redSqr().redIMul(x)
+  if (!y.redSqr().redISub(x3.redIAdd(ecparams.b)).isZero()) return null
 
-  // Add the input and return the input's index
-  return (this.ins.push({
-    hash: hash,
-    index: index,
-    script: script,
-    sequence: sequence
-  }) - 1)
+  return ec.keyPair({ pub: { x: x, y: y } })
 }
 
-/**
- * Create a new txOut.
- *
- * Can be called with:
- *
- * - A base58 address string and a value
- * - An Address object and a value
- * - A scriptPubKey Script and a value
- */
-Transaction.prototype.addOutput = function (scriptPubKey, value) {
-  // Attempt to get a valid address if it's a base58 address string
-  if (typeof scriptPubKey === 'string') {
-    scriptPubKey = Address.fromBase58Check(scriptPubKey)
+function loadPublicKey (publicKey) {
+  var first = publicKey[0]
+  switch (first) {
+    case 0x02:
+    case 0x03:
+      if (publicKey.length !== 33) return null
+      return loadCompressedPublicKey(first, publicKey.slice(1, 33))
+    case 0x04:
+    case 0x06:
+    case 0x07:
+      if (publicKey.length !== 65) return null
+      return loadUncompressedPublicKey(first, publicKey.slice(1, 33), publicKey.slice(33, 65))
+    default:
+      return null
   }
+}
 
-  // Attempt to get a valid script if it's an Address object
-  if (scriptPubKey instanceof Address) {
-    scriptPubKey = scriptPubKey.toOutputScript()
-  }
+exports.privateKeyVerify = function (privateKey) {
+  var bn = new BN(privateKey)
+  return bn.cmp(ecparams.n) < 0 && !bn.isZero()
+}
 
-  typeForce('Script', scriptPubKey)
-  typeForce('Number', value)
+exports.privateKeyExport = function (privateKey, compressed) {
+  var d = new BN(privateKey)
+  if (d.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || d.isZero()) throw new Error(messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_EXPORT_DER_FAIL)
 
-  // Add the output and return the output's index
-  return (this.outs.push({
-    script: scriptPubKey,
-    value: value
-  }) - 1)
+  return new Buffer(ec.keyFromPrivate(privateKey).getPublic(compressed, true))
 }
 
-Transaction.prototype.clone = function () {
-  var newTx = new Transaction()
-  newTx.version = this.version
-  newTx.locktime = this.locktime
+exports.privateKeyTweakAdd = function (privateKey, tweak) {
+  var bn = new BN(tweak)
+  if (bn.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) throw new Error(messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TWEAK_ADD_FAIL)
 
-  newTx.ins = this.ins.map(function (txIn) {
-    return {
-      hash: txIn.hash,
-      index: txIn.index,
-      script: txIn.script,
-      sequence: txIn.sequence
-    }
-  })
+  bn.iadd(new BN(privateKey))
+  if (bn.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) bn.isub(ecparams.n)
+  if (bn.isZero()) throw new Error(messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TWEAK_ADD_FAIL)
 
-  newTx.outs = this.outs.map(function (txOut) {
-    return {
-      script: txOut.script,
-      value: txOut.value
-    }
-  })
+  return bn.toArrayLike(Buffer, 'be', 32)
+}
 
-  return newTx
+exports.privateKeyTweakMul = function (privateKey, tweak) {
+  var bn = new BN(tweak)
+  if (bn.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || bn.isZero()) throw new Error(messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TWEAK_MUL_FAIL)
+
+  bn.imul(new BN(privateKey))
+  if (bn.cmp(ecparams.n)) bn = bn.umod(ecparams.n)
+
+  return bn.toArrayLike(Buffer, 'be', 32)
 }
 
-/**
- * Hash transaction for signing a specific input.
- *
- * Bitcoin uses a different hash for each signed transaction input. This
- * method copies the transaction, makes the necessary changes based on the
- * hashType, serializes and finally hashes the result. This hash can then be
- * used to sign the transaction input in question.
- */
-Transaction.prototype.hashForSignature = function (inIndex, prevOutScript, hashType) {
-  // FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-  if (arguments[0] instanceof Script) {
-    console.warn('hashForSignature(prevOutScript, inIndex, ...) has been deprecated. Use hashForSignature(inIndex, prevOutScript, ...)')
+exports.publicKeyCreate = function (privateKey, compressed) {
+  var d = new BN(privateKey)
+  if (d.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || d.isZero()) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_CREATE_FAIL)
 
-    // swap the arguments (must be stored in tmp, arguments is special)
-    var tmp = arguments[0]
-    inIndex = arguments[1]
-    prevOutScript = tmp
-  }
+  return new Buffer(ec.keyFromPrivate(privateKey).getPublic(compressed, true))
+}
 
-  typeForce('Number', inIndex)
-  typeForce('Script', prevOutScript)
-  typeForce('Number', hashType)
+exports.publicKeyConvert = function (publicKey, compressed) {
+  var pair = loadPublicKey(publicKey)
+  if (pair === null) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_PARSE_FAIL)
 
-  assert(inIndex >= 0, 'Invalid vin index')
-  assert(inIndex < this.ins.length, 'Invalid vin index')
+  return new Buffer(pair.getPublic(compressed, true))
+}
+
+exports.publicKeyVerify = function (publicKey) {
+  return loadPublicKey(publicKey) !== null
+}
+
+exports.publicKeyTweakAdd = function (publicKey, tweak, compressed) {
+  var pair = loadPublicKey(publicKey)
+  if (pair === null) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_PARSE_FAIL)
+
+  tweak = new BN(tweak)
+  if (tweak.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TWEAK_ADD_FAIL)
+
+  return new Buffer(ecparams.g.mul(tweak).add(pair.pub).encode(true, compressed))
+}
 
-  var txTmp = this.clone()
-  var hashScript = prevOutScript.without(opcodes.OP_CODESEPARATOR)
+exports.publicKeyTweakMul = function (publicKey, tweak, compressed) {
+  var pair = loadPublicKey(publicKey)
+  if (pair === null) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_PARSE_FAIL)
 
-  // Blank out other inputs' signatures
-  txTmp.ins.forEach(function (txIn) {
-    txIn.script = Script.EMPTY
-  })
-  txTmp.ins[inIndex].script = hashScript
+  tweak = new BN(tweak)
+  if (tweak.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || tweak.isZero()) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TWEAK_MUL_FAIL)
 
-  var hashTypeModifier = hashType & 0x1f
+  return new Buffer(pair.pub.mul(tweak).encode(true, compressed))
+}
 
-  if (hashTypeModifier === Transaction.SIGHASH_NONE) {
-    assert(false, 'SIGHASH_NONE not yet supported')
-  } else if (hashTypeModifier === Transaction.SIGHASH_SINGLE) {
-    assert(false, 'SIGHASH_SINGLE not yet supported')
+exports.publicKeyCombine = function (publicKeys, compressed) {
+  var pairs = new Array(publicKeys.length)
+  for (var i = 0; i < publicKeys.length; ++i) {
+    pairs[i] = loadPublicKey(publicKeys[i])
+    if (pairs[i] === null) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_PARSE_FAIL)
   }
 
-  if (hashType & Transaction.SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY) {
-    assert(false, 'SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY not yet supported')
-  }
+  var point = pairs[0].pub
+  for (var j = 1; j < pairs.length; ++j) point = point.add(pairs[j].pub)
+  if (point.isInfinity()) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_COMBINE_FAIL)
 
-  var hashTypeBuffer = new Buffer(4)
-  hashTypeBuffer.writeInt32LE(hashType, 0)
+  return new Buffer(point.encode(true, compressed))
+}
 
-  var buffer = Buffer.concat([txTmp.toBuffer(), hashTypeBuffer])
-  return crypto.hash256(buffer)
+exports.signatureNormalize = function (signature) {
+  var r = new BN(signature.slice(0, 32))
+  var s = new BN(signature.slice(32, 64))
+  if (r.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || s.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_PARSE_FAIL)
+
+  var result = new Buffer(signature)
+  if (s.cmp(ec.nh) === 1) ecparams.n.sub(s).toArrayLike(Buffer, 'be', 32).copy(result, 32)
+
+  return result
 }
 
-Transaction.prototype.getHash = function () {
-  return crypto.hash256(this.toBuffer())
+exports.signatureExport = function (signature) {
+  var r = signature.slice(0, 32)
+  var s = signature.slice(32, 64)
+  if (new BN(r).cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || new BN(s).cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_PARSE_FAIL)
+
+  return { r: r, s: s }
 }
 
-Transaction.prototype.getId = function () {
-  // TxHash is little-endian, we need big-endian
-  return bufferutils.reverse(this.getHash()).toString('hex')
+exports.signatureImport = function (sigObj) {
+  var r = new BN(sigObj.r)
+  if (r.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) r = new BN(0)
+
+  var s = new BN(sigObj.s)
+  if (s.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) s = new BN(0)
+
+  return Buffer.concat([
+    r.toArrayLike(Buffer, 'be', 32),
+    s.toArrayLike(Buffer, 'be', 32)
+  ])
 }
 
-Transaction.prototype.toBuffer = function () {
-  function scriptSize (script) {
-    var length = script.buffer.length
+exports.sign = function (message, privateKey, noncefn, data) {
+  if (typeof noncefn === 'function') {
+    var getNonce = noncefn
+    noncefn = function (counter) {
+      var nonce = getNonce(message, privateKey, null, data, counter)
+      if (!Buffer.isBuffer(nonce) || nonce.length !== 32) throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_SIGN_FAIL)
 
-    return bufferutils.varIntSize(length) + length
+      return new BN(nonce)
+    }
   }
 
-  var buffer = new Buffer(
-    8 +
-    bufferutils.varIntSize(this.ins.length) +
-    bufferutils.varIntSize(this.outs.length) +
-    this.ins.reduce(function (sum, input) { return sum + 40 + scriptSize(input.script) }, 0) +
-    this.outs.reduce(function (sum, output) { return sum + 8 + scriptSize(output.script) }, 0)
-  )
+  var d = new BN(privateKey)
+  if (d.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || d.isZero()) throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_SIGN_FAIL)
 
-  var offset = 0
-  function writeSlice (slice) {
-    slice.copy(buffer, offset)
-    offset += slice.length
+  var result = ec.sign(message, privateKey, { canonical: true, k: noncefn, pers: data })
+  return {
+    signature: Buffer.concat([
+      result.r.toArrayLike(Buffer, 'be', 32),
+      result.s.toArrayLike(Buffer, 'be', 32)
+    ]),
+    recovery: result.recoveryParam
   }
+}
 
-  function writeUInt32 (i) {
-    buffer.writeUInt32LE(i, offset)
-    offset += 4
-  }
+exports.verify = function (message, signature, publicKey) {
+  var sigObj = {r: signature.slice(0, 32), s: signature.slice(32, 64)}
 
-  function writeUInt64 (i) {
-    bufferutils.writeUInt64LE(buffer, i, offset)
-    offset += 8
-  }
+  var sigr = new BN(sigObj.r)
+  var sigs = new BN(sigObj.s)
+  if (sigr.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || sigs.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_PARSE_FAIL)
+  if (sigs.cmp(ec.nh) === 1 || sigr.isZero() || sigs.isZero()) return false
 
-  function writeVarInt (i) {
-    var n = bufferutils.writeVarInt(buffer, i, offset)
-    offset += n
-  }
+  var pair = loadPublicKey(publicKey)
+  if (pair === null) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_PARSE_FAIL)
 
-  writeUInt32(this.version)
-  writeVarInt(this.ins.length)
+  return ec.verify(message, sigObj, {x: pair.pub.x, y: pair.pub.y})
+}
 
-  this.ins.forEach(function (txIn) {
-    writeSlice(txIn.hash)
-    writeUInt32(txIn.index)
-    writeVarInt(txIn.script.buffer.length)
-    writeSlice(txIn.script.buffer)
-    writeUInt32(txIn.sequence)
-  })
+exports.recover = function (message, signature, recovery, compressed) {
+  var sigObj = {r: signature.slice(0, 32), s: signature.slice(32, 64)}
 
-  writeVarInt(this.outs.length)
-  this.outs.forEach(function (txOut) {
-    writeUInt64(txOut.value)
-    writeVarInt(txOut.script.buffer.length)
-    writeSlice(txOut.script.buffer)
-  })
+  var sigr = new BN(sigObj.r)
+  var sigs = new BN(sigObj.s)
+  if (sigr.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || sigs.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0) throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_PARSE_FAIL)
 
-  writeUInt32(this.locktime)
+  try {
+    if (sigr.isZero() || sigs.isZero()) throw new Error()
 
-  return buffer
+    var point = ec.recoverPubKey(message, sigObj, recovery)
+    return new Buffer(point.encode(true, compressed))
+  } catch (err) {
+    throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_RECOVER_FAIL)
+  }
 }
 
-Transaction.prototype.toHex = function () {
-  return this.toBuffer().toString('hex')
+exports.ecdh = function (publicKey, privateKey) {
+  var shared = exports.ecdhUnsafe(publicKey, privateKey, true)
+  return createHash('sha256').update(shared).digest()
 }
 
-Transaction.prototype.setInputScript = function (index, script) {
-  typeForce('Number', index)
-  typeForce('Script', script)
+exports.ecdhUnsafe = function (publicKey, privateKey, compressed) {
+  var pair = loadPublicKey(publicKey)
+  if (pair === null) throw new Error(messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_PARSE_FAIL)
 
-  this.ins[index].script = script
+  var scalar = new BN(privateKey)
+  if (scalar.cmp(ecparams.n) >= 0 || scalar.isZero()) throw new Error(messages.ECDH_FAIL)
+
+  return new Buffer(pair.pub.mul(scalar).encode(true, compressed))
 }
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-Transaction.prototype.sign = function (index, privKey, hashType) {
-  console.warn('Transaction.prototype.sign is deprecated.  Use TransactionBuilder instead.')
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"../messages.json":78,"bn.js":33,"buffer":5,"create-hash":36,"elliptic":39}],77:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict'
+var assert = require('./assert')
+var der = require('./der')
+var messages = require('./messages.json')
 
-  var prevOutScript = privKey.pub.getAddress().toOutputScript()
-  var signature = this.signInput(index, prevOutScript, privKey, hashType)
+function initCompressedValue (value, defaultValue) {
+  if (value === undefined) return defaultValue
 
-  var scriptSig = scripts.pubKeyHashInput(signature, privKey.pub)
-  this.setInputScript(index, scriptSig)
+  assert.isBoolean(value, messages.COMPRESSED_TYPE_INVALID)
+  return value
 }
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-Transaction.prototype.signInput = function (index, prevOutScript, privKey, hashType) {
-  console.warn('Transaction.prototype.signInput is deprecated.  Use TransactionBuilder instead.')
+module.exports = function (secp256k1) {
+  return {
+    privateKeyVerify: function (privateKey) {
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      return privateKey.length === 32 && secp256k1.privateKeyVerify(privateKey)
+    },
 
-  hashType = hashType || Transaction.SIGHASH_ALL
+    privateKeyExport: function (privateKey, compressed) {
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(privateKey, 32, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-  var hash = this.hashForSignature(index, prevOutScript, hashType)
-  var signature = privKey.sign(hash)
+      compressed = initCompressedValue(compressed, true)
+      var publicKey = secp256k1.privateKeyExport(privateKey, compressed)
 
-  return signature.toScriptSignature(hashType)
-}
+      return der.privateKeyExport(privateKey, publicKey, compressed)
+    },
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.x.y
-Transaction.prototype.validateInput = function (index, prevOutScript, pubKey, buffer) {
-  console.warn('Transaction.prototype.validateInput is deprecated.  Use TransactionBuilder instead.')
+    privateKeyImport: function (privateKey) {
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
 
-  var parsed = ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(buffer)
-  var hash = this.hashForSignature(index, prevOutScript, parsed.hashType)
+      privateKey = der.privateKeyImport(privateKey)
+      if (privateKey && privateKey.length === 32 && secp256k1.privateKeyVerify(privateKey)) return privateKey
 
-  return pubKey.verify(hash, parsed.signature)
-}
+      throw new Error(messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_IMPORT_DER_FAIL)
+    },
 
-module.exports = Transaction
+    privateKeyTweakAdd: function (privateKey, tweak) {
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(privateKey, 32, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./address":54,"./bufferutils":57,"./crypto":58,"./ecsignature":62,"./opcodes":67,"./script":68,"./scripts":69,"assert":5,"buffer":7,"typeforce":53}],71:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var ops = require('./opcodes')
-var scripts = require('./scripts')
+      assert.isBuffer(tweak, messages.TWEAK_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(tweak, 32, messages.TWEAK_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-var ECPubKey = require('./ecpubkey')
-var ECSignature = require('./ecsignature')
-var Script = require('./script')
-var Transaction = require('./transaction')
+      return secp256k1.privateKeyTweakAdd(privateKey, tweak)
+    },
 
-function extractInput (txIn) {
-  var redeemScript
-  var scriptSig = txIn.script
-  var prevOutScript
-  var prevOutType = scripts.classifyInput(scriptSig, true)
-  var scriptType
+    privateKeyTweakMul: function (privateKey, tweak) {
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(privateKey, 32, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-  // Re-classify if scriptHash
-  if (prevOutType === 'scripthash') {
-    redeemScript = Script.fromBuffer(scriptSig.chunks.slice(-1)[0])
-    prevOutScript = scripts.scriptHashOutput(redeemScript.getHash())
+      assert.isBuffer(tweak, messages.TWEAK_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(tweak, 32, messages.TWEAK_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-    scriptSig = Script.fromChunks(scriptSig.chunks.slice(0, -1))
-    scriptType = scripts.classifyInput(scriptSig, true)
-  } else {
-    scriptType = prevOutType
-  }
+      return secp256k1.privateKeyTweakMul(privateKey, tweak)
+    },
 
-  // Extract hashType, pubKeys and signatures
-  var hashType, parsed, pubKeys, signatures
+    publicKeyCreate: function (privateKey, compressed) {
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(privateKey, 32, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-  switch (scriptType) {
-    case 'pubkeyhash': {
-      parsed = ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(scriptSig.chunks[0])
-      hashType = parsed.hashType
-      pubKeys = [ECPubKey.fromBuffer(scriptSig.chunks[1])]
-      signatures = [parsed.signature]
-      prevOutScript = pubKeys[0].getAddress().toOutputScript()
+      compressed = initCompressedValue(compressed, true)
 
-      break
-    }
+      return secp256k1.publicKeyCreate(privateKey, compressed)
+    },
 
-    case 'pubkey': {
-      parsed = ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(scriptSig.chunks[0])
-      hashType = parsed.hashType
-      signatures = [parsed.signature]
+    publicKeyConvert: function (publicKey, compressed) {
+      assert.isBuffer(publicKey, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength2(publicKey, 33, 65, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-      if (redeemScript) {
-        pubKeys = [ECPubKey.fromBuffer(redeemScript.chunks[0])]
+      compressed = initCompressedValue(compressed, true)
+
+      return secp256k1.publicKeyConvert(publicKey, compressed)
+    },
+
+    publicKeyVerify: function (publicKey) {
+      assert.isBuffer(publicKey, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      return secp256k1.publicKeyVerify(publicKey)
+    },
+
+    publicKeyTweakAdd: function (publicKey, tweak, compressed) {
+      assert.isBuffer(publicKey, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength2(publicKey, 33, 65, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      assert.isBuffer(tweak, messages.TWEAK_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(tweak, 32, messages.TWEAK_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      compressed = initCompressedValue(compressed, true)
+
+      return secp256k1.publicKeyTweakAdd(publicKey, tweak, compressed)
+    },
+
+    publicKeyTweakMul: function (publicKey, tweak, compressed) {
+      assert.isBuffer(publicKey, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength2(publicKey, 33, 65, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      assert.isBuffer(tweak, messages.TWEAK_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(tweak, 32, messages.TWEAK_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      compressed = initCompressedValue(compressed, true)
+
+      return secp256k1.publicKeyTweakMul(publicKey, tweak, compressed)
+    },
+
+    publicKeyCombine: function (publicKeys, compressed) {
+      assert.isArray(publicKeys, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEYS_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isLengthGTZero(publicKeys, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEYS_LENGTH_INVALID)
+      for (var i = 0; i < publicKeys.length; ++i) {
+        assert.isBuffer(publicKeys[i], messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+        assert.isBufferLength2(publicKeys[i], 33, 65, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
       }
 
-      break
-    }
+      compressed = initCompressedValue(compressed, true)
 
-    case 'multisig': {
-      signatures = scriptSig.chunks.slice(1).map(function (chunk) {
-        if (chunk === ops.OP_0) return chunk
+      return secp256k1.publicKeyCombine(publicKeys, compressed)
+    },
 
-        var parsed = ECSignature.parseScriptSignature(chunk)
-        hashType = parsed.hashType
+    signatureNormalize: function (signature) {
+      assert.isBuffer(signature, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(signature, 64, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-        return parsed.signature
-      })
+      return secp256k1.signatureNormalize(signature)
+    },
 
-      if (redeemScript) {
-        pubKeys = redeemScript.chunks.slice(1, -2).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
+    signatureExport: function (signature) {
+      assert.isBuffer(signature, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(signature, 64, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      var sigObj = secp256k1.signatureExport(signature)
+      return der.signatureExport(sigObj)
+    },
+
+    signatureImport: function (sig) {
+      assert.isBuffer(sig, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isLengthGTZero(sig, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      var sigObj = der.signatureImport(sig)
+      if (sigObj) return secp256k1.signatureImport(sigObj)
+
+      throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_PARSE_DER_FAIL)
+    },
+
+    signatureImportLax: function (sig) {
+      assert.isBuffer(sig, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isLengthGTZero(sig, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      var sigObj = der.signatureImportLax(sig)
+      if (sigObj) return secp256k1.signatureImport(sigObj)
+
+      throw new Error(messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_PARSE_DER_FAIL)
+    },
+
+    sign: function (message, privateKey, options) {
+      assert.isBuffer(message, messages.MSG32_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(message, 32, messages.MSG32_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(privateKey, 32, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      var data = null
+      var noncefn = null
+      if (options !== undefined) {
+        assert.isObject(options, messages.OPTIONS_TYPE_INVALID)
+
+        if (options.data !== undefined) {
+          assert.isBuffer(options.data, messages.OPTIONS_DATA_TYPE_INVALID)
+          assert.isBufferLength(options.data, 32, messages.OPTIONS_DATA_LENGTH_INVALID)
+          data = options.data
+        }
+
+        if (options.noncefn !== undefined) {
+          assert.isFunction(options.noncefn, messages.OPTIONS_NONCEFN_TYPE_INVALID)
+          noncefn = options.noncefn
+        }
       }
 
-      break
-    }
-  }
+      return secp256k1.sign(message, privateKey, noncefn, data)
+    },
 
-  return {
-    hashType: hashType,
-    prevOutScript: prevOutScript,
-    prevOutType: prevOutType,
-    pubKeys: pubKeys,
-    redeemScript: redeemScript,
-    scriptType: scriptType,
-    signatures: signatures
-  }
-}
+    verify: function (message, signature, publicKey) {
+      assert.isBuffer(message, messages.MSG32_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(message, 32, messages.MSG32_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-function TransactionBuilder () {
-  this.prevTxMap = {}
-  this.prevOutScripts = {}
-  this.prevOutTypes = {}
+      assert.isBuffer(signature, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(signature, 64, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-  this.inputs = []
-  this.tx = new Transaction()
-}
+      assert.isBuffer(publicKey, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength2(publicKey, 33, 65, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-TransactionBuilder.fromTransaction = function (transaction) {
-  var txb = new TransactionBuilder()
+      return secp256k1.verify(message, signature, publicKey)
+    },
 
-  // Copy other transaction fields
-  txb.tx.version = transaction.version
-  txb.tx.locktime = transaction.locktime
+    recover: function (message, signature, recovery, compressed) {
+      assert.isBuffer(message, messages.MSG32_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(message, 32, messages.MSG32_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-  // Extract/add inputs
-  transaction.ins.forEach(function (txIn) {
-    txb.addInput(txIn.hash, txIn.index, txIn.sequence)
-  })
+      assert.isBuffer(signature, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(signature, 64, messages.ECDSA_SIGNATURE_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-  // Extract/add outputs
-  transaction.outs.forEach(function (txOut) {
-    txb.addOutput(txOut.script, txOut.value)
-  })
+      assert.isNumber(recovery, messages.RECOVERY_ID_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isNumberInInterval(recovery, -1, 4, messages.RECOVERY_ID_VALUE_INVALID)
 
-  // Extract/add signatures
-  txb.inputs = transaction.ins.map(function (txIn) {
-    // TODO: remove me after testcase added
-    assert(!Transaction.isCoinbaseHash(txIn.hash), 'coinbase inputs not supported')
+      compressed = initCompressedValue(compressed, true)
 
-    // Ignore empty scripts
-    if (txIn.script.buffer.length === 0) return {}
+      return secp256k1.recover(message, signature, recovery, compressed)
+    },
 
-    return extractInput(txIn)
-  })
+    ecdh: function (publicKey, privateKey) {
+      assert.isBuffer(publicKey, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength2(publicKey, 33, 65, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(privateKey, 32, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
+
+      return secp256k1.ecdh(publicKey, privateKey)
+    },
 
-  return txb
-}
+    ecdhUnsafe: function (publicKey, privateKey, compressed) {
+      assert.isBuffer(publicKey, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength2(publicKey, 33, 65, messages.EC_PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-TransactionBuilder.prototype.addInput = function (prevTx, index, sequence, prevOutScript) {
-  var prevOutHash
+      assert.isBuffer(privateKey, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID)
+      assert.isBufferLength(privateKey, 32, messages.EC_PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID)
 
-  // txId
-  if (typeof prevTx === 'string') {
-    prevOutHash = new Buffer(prevTx, 'hex')
+      compressed = initCompressedValue(compressed, true)
 
-    // TxId hex is big-endian, we want little-endian hash
-    Array.prototype.reverse.call(prevOutHash)
+      return secp256k1.ecdhUnsafe(publicKey, privateKey, compressed)
+    }
+  }
+}
 
-  // Transaction
-  } else if (prevTx instanceof Transaction) {
-    prevOutHash = prevTx.getHash()
-    prevOutScript = prevTx.outs[index].script
+},{"./assert":74,"./der":75,"./messages.json":78}],78:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports={
+  "COMPRESSED_TYPE_INVALID": "compressed should be a boolean",
+  "EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TYPE_INVALID": "private key should be a Buffer",
+  "EC_PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID": "private key length is invalid",
+  "EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TWEAK_ADD_FAIL": "tweak out of range or resulting private key is invalid",
+  "EC_PRIVATE_KEY_TWEAK_MUL_FAIL": "tweak out of range",
+  "EC_PRIVATE_KEY_EXPORT_DER_FAIL": "couldn't export to DER format",
+  "EC_PRIVATE_KEY_IMPORT_DER_FAIL": "couldn't import from DER format",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEYS_TYPE_INVALID": "public keys should be an Array",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEYS_LENGTH_INVALID": "public keys Array should have at least 1 element",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TYPE_INVALID": "public key should be a Buffer",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH_INVALID": "public key length is invalid",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEY_PARSE_FAIL": "the public key could not be parsed or is invalid",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEY_CREATE_FAIL": "private was invalid, try again",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TWEAK_ADD_FAIL": "tweak out of range or resulting public key is invalid",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEY_TWEAK_MUL_FAIL": "tweak out of range",
+  "EC_PUBLIC_KEY_COMBINE_FAIL": "the sum of the public keys is not valid",
+  "ECDH_FAIL": "scalar was invalid (zero or overflow)",
+  "ECDSA_SIGNATURE_TYPE_INVALID": "signature should be a Buffer",
+  "ECDSA_SIGNATURE_LENGTH_INVALID": "signature length is invalid",
+  "ECDSA_SIGNATURE_PARSE_FAIL": "couldn't parse signature",
+  "ECDSA_SIGNATURE_PARSE_DER_FAIL": "couldn't parse DER signature",
+  "ECDSA_SIGNATURE_SERIALIZE_DER_FAIL": "couldn't serialize signature to DER format",
+  "ECDSA_SIGN_FAIL": "nonce generation function failed or private key is invalid",
+  "ECDSA_RECOVER_FAIL": "couldn't recover public key from signature",
+  "MSG32_TYPE_INVALID": "message should be a Buffer",
+  "MSG32_LENGTH_INVALID": "message length is invalid",
+  "OPTIONS_TYPE_INVALID": "options should be an Object",
+  "OPTIONS_DATA_TYPE_INVALID": "options.data should be a Buffer",
+  "OPTIONS_DATA_LENGTH_INVALID": "options.data length is invalid",
+  "OPTIONS_NONCEFN_TYPE_INVALID": "options.noncefn should be a Function",
+  "RECOVERY_ID_TYPE_INVALID": "recovery should be a Number",
+  "RECOVERY_ID_VALUE_INVALID": "recovery should have value between -1 and 4",
+  "TWEAK_TYPE_INVALID": "tweak should be a Buffer",
+  "TWEAK_LENGTH_INVALID": "tweak length is invalid"
+}
+
+},{}],79:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+// prototype class for hash functions
+function Hash (blockSize, finalSize) {
+  this._block = new Buffer(blockSize)
+  this._finalSize = finalSize
+  this._blockSize = blockSize
+  this._len = 0
+  this._s = 0
+}
 
-  // txHash
-  } else {
-    prevOutHash = prevTx
+Hash.prototype.update = function (data, enc) {
+  if (typeof data === 'string') {
+    enc = enc || 'utf8'
+    data = new Buffer(data, enc)
   }
 
-  var input = {}
-  if (prevOutScript) {
-    var prevOutType = scripts.classifyOutput(prevOutScript)
+  var l = this._len += data.length
+  var s = this._s || 0
+  var f = 0
+  var buffer = this._block
 
-    // if we can, extract pubKey information
-    switch (prevOutType) {
-      case 'multisig': {
-        input.pubKeys = prevOutScript.chunks.slice(1, -2).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
-        break
-      }
+  while (s < l) {
+    var t = Math.min(data.length, f + this._blockSize - (s % this._blockSize))
+    var ch = (t - f)
 
-      case 'pubkey': {
-        input.pubKeys = prevOutScript.chunks.slice(0, 1).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
-        break
-      }
+    for (var i = 0; i < ch; i++) {
+      buffer[(s % this._blockSize) + i] = data[i + f]
     }
 
-    if (prevOutType !== 'scripthash') {
-      input.scriptType = prevOutType
-    }
+    s += ch
+    f += ch
 
-    input.prevOutScript = prevOutScript
-    input.prevOutType = prevOutType
+    if ((s % this._blockSize) === 0) {
+      this._update(buffer)
+    }
   }
+  this._s = s
 
-  assert(this.inputs.every(function (input2) {
-    if (input2.hashType === undefined) return true
+  return this
+}
 
-    return input2.hashType & Transaction.SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY
-  }), 'No, this would invalidate signatures')
+Hash.prototype.digest = function (enc) {
+  // Suppose the length of the message M, in bits, is l
+  var l = this._len * 8
 
-  var prevOut = prevOutHash.toString('hex') + ':' + index
-  assert(!(prevOut in this.prevTxMap), 'Transaction is already an input')
+  // Append the bit 1 to the end of the message
+  this._block[this._len % this._blockSize] = 0x80
 
-  var vin = this.tx.addInput(prevOutHash, index, sequence)
-  this.inputs[vin] = input
-  this.prevTxMap[prevOut] = vin
+  // and then k zero bits, where k is the smallest non-negative solution to the equation (l + 1 + k) === finalSize mod blockSize
+  this._block.fill(0, this._len % this._blockSize + 1)
 
-  return vin
-}
+  if (l % (this._blockSize * 8) >= this._finalSize * 8) {
+    this._update(this._block)
+    this._block.fill(0)
+  }
 
-TransactionBuilder.prototype.addOutput = function (scriptPubKey, value) {
-  assert(this.inputs.every(function (input) {
-    if (input.hashType === undefined) return true
+  // to this append the block which is equal to the number l written in binary
+  // TODO: handle case where l is > Math.pow(2, 29)
+  this._block.writeInt32BE(l, this._blockSize - 4)
 
-    return (input.hashType & 0x1f) === Transaction.SIGHASH_SINGLE
-  }), 'No, this would invalidate signatures')
+  var hash = this._update(this._block) || this._hash()
 
-  return this.tx.addOutput(scriptPubKey, value)
+  return enc ? hash.toString(enc) : hash
 }
 
-TransactionBuilder.prototype.build = function () {
-  return this.__build(false)
-}
-TransactionBuilder.prototype.buildIncomplete = function () {
-  return this.__build(true)
+Hash.prototype._update = function () {
+  throw new Error('_update must be implemented by subclass')
 }
 
-var canSignTypes = {
-  'pubkeyhash': true,
-  'multisig': true,
-  'pubkey': true
-}
+module.exports = Hash
 
-TransactionBuilder.prototype.__build = function (allowIncomplete) {
-  if (!allowIncomplete) {
-    assert(this.tx.ins.length > 0, 'Transaction has no inputs')
-    assert(this.tx.outs.length > 0, 'Transaction has no outputs')
-  }
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"buffer":5}],80:[function(require,module,exports){
+var exports = module.exports = function SHA (algorithm) {
+  algorithm = algorithm.toLowerCase()
 
-  var tx = this.tx.clone()
+  var Algorithm = exports[algorithm]
+  if (!Algorithm) throw new Error(algorithm + ' is not supported (we accept pull requests)')
 
-  // Create script signatures from signature meta-data
-  this.inputs.forEach(function (input, index) {
-    var scriptType = input.scriptType
-    var scriptSig
+  return new Algorithm()
+}
 
-    if (!allowIncomplete) {
-      assert(!!scriptType, 'Transaction is not complete')
-      assert(scriptType in canSignTypes, scriptType + ' not supported')
-      assert(input.signatures, 'Transaction is missing signatures')
-    }
+exports.sha = require('./sha')
+exports.sha1 = require('./sha1')
+exports.sha224 = require('./sha224')
+exports.sha256 = require('./sha256')
+exports.sha384 = require('./sha384')
+exports.sha512 = require('./sha512')
 
-    if (input.signatures) {
-      switch (scriptType) {
-        case 'pubkeyhash': {
-          var pkhSignature = input.signatures[0].toScriptSignature(input.hashType)
-          scriptSig = scripts.pubKeyHashInput(pkhSignature, input.pubKeys[0])
-          break
-        }
+},{"./sha":81,"./sha1":82,"./sha224":83,"./sha256":84,"./sha384":85,"./sha512":86}],81:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/*
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-0, as defined
+ * in FIPS PUB 180-1
+ * This source code is derived from sha1.js of the same repository.
+ * The difference between SHA-0 and SHA-1 is just a bitwise rotate left
+ * operation was added.
+ */
 
-        case 'multisig': {
-          // Array.prototype.map is sparse-compatible
-          var msSignatures = input.signatures.map(function (signature) {
-            return signature && signature.toScriptSignature(input.hashType)
-          })
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
 
-          // fill in blanks with OP_0
-          if (allowIncomplete) {
-            for (var i = 0; i < msSignatures.length; ++i) {
-              if (msSignatures[i]) continue
+var K = [
+  0x5a827999, 0x6ed9eba1, 0x8f1bbcdc | 0, 0xca62c1d6 | 0
+]
 
-              msSignatures[i] = ops.OP_0
-            }
-          } else {
-            // Array.prototype.filter returns non-sparse array
-            msSignatures = msSignatures.filter(function (x) { return x })
-          }
+var W = new Array(80)
 
-          var redeemScript = allowIncomplete ? undefined : input.redeemScript
-          scriptSig = scripts.multisigInput(msSignatures, redeemScript)
-          break
-        }
+function Sha () {
+  this.init()
+  this._w = W
 
-        case 'pubkey': {
-          var pkSignature = input.signatures[0].toScriptSignature(input.hashType)
-          scriptSig = scripts.pubKeyInput(pkSignature)
-          break
-        }
-      }
-    }
+  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
+}
 
-    // did we build a scriptSig?
-    if (scriptSig) {
-      // wrap as scriptHash if necessary
-      if (input.prevOutType === 'scripthash') {
-        scriptSig = scripts.scriptHashInput(scriptSig, input.redeemScript)
-      }
+inherits(Sha, Hash)
 
-      tx.setInputScript(index, scriptSig)
-    }
-  })
+Sha.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0x67452301
+  this._b = 0xefcdab89
+  this._c = 0x98badcfe
+  this._d = 0x10325476
+  this._e = 0xc3d2e1f0
 
-  return tx
+  return this
 }
 
-TransactionBuilder.prototype.sign = function (index, privKey, redeemScript, hashType) {
-  assert(index in this.inputs, 'No input at index: ' + index)
-  hashType = hashType || Transaction.SIGHASH_ALL
-
-  var input = this.inputs[index]
-  var canSign = input.hashType &&
-    input.prevOutScript &&
-    input.prevOutType &&
-    input.pubKeys &&
-    input.scriptType &&
-    input.signatures
+function rotl5 (num) {
+  return (num << 5) | (num >>> 27)
+}
 
-  // are we almost ready to sign?
-  if (canSign) {
-    // if redeemScript was provided, enforce consistency
-    if (redeemScript) {
-      assert.deepEqual(input.redeemScript, redeemScript, 'Inconsistent redeemScript')
-    }
+function rotl30 (num) {
+  return (num << 30) | (num >>> 2)
+}
 
-    assert.equal(input.hashType, hashType, 'Inconsistent hashType')
+function ft (s, b, c, d) {
+  if (s === 0) return (b & c) | ((~b) & d)
+  if (s === 2) return (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d)
+  return b ^ c ^ d
+}
 
-  // no? prepare
-  } else {
-    // must be pay-to-scriptHash?
-    if (redeemScript) {
-      // if we have a prevOutScript, enforce scriptHash equality to the redeemScript
-      if (input.prevOutScript) {
-        assert.equal(input.prevOutType, 'scripthash', 'PrevOutScript must be P2SH')
+Sha.prototype._update = function (M) {
+  var W = this._w
 
-        var scriptHash = input.prevOutScript.chunks[1]
-        assert.deepEqual(scriptHash, redeemScript.getHash(), 'RedeemScript does not match ' + scriptHash.toString('hex'))
-      }
+  var a = this._a | 0
+  var b = this._b | 0
+  var c = this._c | 0
+  var d = this._d | 0
+  var e = this._e | 0
 
-      var scriptType = scripts.classifyOutput(redeemScript)
-      assert(scriptType in canSignTypes, 'RedeemScript not supported (' + scriptType + ')')
+  for (var i = 0; i < 16; ++i) W[i] = M.readInt32BE(i * 4)
+  for (; i < 80; ++i) W[i] = W[i - 3] ^ W[i - 8] ^ W[i - 14] ^ W[i - 16]
 
-      var pubKeys = []
-      switch (scriptType) {
-        case 'multisig': {
-          pubKeys = redeemScript.chunks.slice(1, -2).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
-          break
-        }
+  for (var j = 0; j < 80; ++j) {
+    var s = ~~(j / 20)
+    var t = (rotl5(a) + ft(s, b, c, d) + e + W[j] + K[s]) | 0
 
-        case 'pubkeyhash': {
-          var pkh1 = redeemScript.chunks[2]
-          var pkh2 = privKey.pub.getAddress().hash
+    e = d
+    d = c
+    c = rotl30(b)
+    b = a
+    a = t
+  }
 
-          assert.deepEqual(pkh1, pkh2, 'privateKey cannot sign for this input')
-          pubKeys = [privKey.pub]
-          break
-        }
+  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
+  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
+  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
+  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
+  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
+}
 
-        case 'pubkey': {
-          pubKeys = redeemScript.chunks.slice(0, 1).map(ECPubKey.fromBuffer)
-          break
-        }
-      }
+Sha.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(20)
 
-      if (!input.prevOutScript) {
-        input.prevOutScript = scripts.scriptHashOutput(redeemScript.getHash())
-        input.prevOutType = 'scripthash'
-      }
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._a | 0, 0)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._b | 0, 4)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._c | 0, 8)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._d | 0, 12)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._e | 0, 16)
 
-      input.pubKeys = pubKeys
-      input.redeemScript = redeemScript
-      input.scriptType = scriptType
+  return H
+}
 
-    // cannot be pay-to-scriptHash
-    } else {
-      assert.notEqual(input.prevOutType, 'scripthash', 'PrevOutScript is P2SH, missing redeemScript')
+module.exports = Sha
 
-      // can we otherwise sign this?
-      if (input.scriptType) {
-        assert(input.pubKeys, input.scriptType + ' not supported')
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":79,"buffer":5,"inherits":63}],82:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/*
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-1, as defined
+ * in FIPS PUB 180-1
+ * Version 2.1a Copyright Paul Johnston 2000 - 2002.
+ * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+ * Distributed under the BSD License
+ * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+ */
 
-      // we know nothin' Jon Snow, assume pubKeyHash
-      } else {
-        input.prevOutScript = privKey.pub.getAddress().toOutputScript()
-        input.prevOutType = 'pubkeyhash'
-        input.pubKeys = [privKey.pub]
-        input.scriptType = input.prevOutType
-      }
-    }
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
 
-    input.hashType = hashType
-    input.signatures = input.signatures || []
-  }
+var K = [
+  0x5a827999, 0x6ed9eba1, 0x8f1bbcdc | 0, 0xca62c1d6 | 0
+]
 
-  var signatureScript = input.redeemScript || input.prevOutScript
-  var signatureHash = this.tx.hashForSignature(index, signatureScript, hashType)
+var W = new Array(80)
 
-  // enforce signature order matches public keys
-  if (input.scriptType === 'multisig' && input.redeemScript && input.signatures.length !== input.pubKeys.length) {
-    // maintain a local copy of unmatched signatures
-    var unmatched = input.signatures.slice()
+function Sha1 () {
+  this.init()
+  this._w = W
 
-    input.signatures = input.pubKeys.map(function (pubKey) {
-      var match
+  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
+}
 
-      // check for any matching signatures
-      unmatched.some(function (signature, i) {
-        if (!pubKey.verify(signatureHash, signature)) return false
-        match = signature
+inherits(Sha1, Hash)
 
-        // remove matched signature from unmatched
-        unmatched.splice(i, 1)
+Sha1.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0x67452301
+  this._b = 0xefcdab89
+  this._c = 0x98badcfe
+  this._d = 0x10325476
+  this._e = 0xc3d2e1f0
 
-        return true
-      })
+  return this
+}
 
-      return match || undefined
-    })
-  }
+function rotl1 (num) {
+  return (num << 1) | (num >>> 31)
+}
 
-  // enforce in order signing of public keys
-  assert(input.pubKeys.some(function (pubKey, i) {
-    if (!privKey.pub.Q.equals(pubKey.Q)) return false
+function rotl5 (num) {
+  return (num << 5) | (num >>> 27)
+}
 
-    assert(!input.signatures[i], 'Signature already exists')
-    var signature = privKey.sign(signatureHash)
-    input.signatures[i] = signature
+function rotl30 (num) {
+  return (num << 30) | (num >>> 2)
+}
 
-    return true
-  }, this), 'privateKey cannot sign for this input')
+function ft (s, b, c, d) {
+  if (s === 0) return (b & c) | ((~b) & d)
+  if (s === 2) return (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d)
+  return b ^ c ^ d
 }
 
-module.exports = TransactionBuilder
+Sha1.prototype._update = function (M) {
+  var W = this._w
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./ecpubkey":61,"./ecsignature":62,"./opcodes":67,"./script":68,"./scripts":69,"./transaction":70,"assert":5,"buffer":7}],72:[function(require,module,exports){
-(function (Buffer){
-var assert = require('assert')
-var bufferutils = require('./bufferutils')
-var typeForce = require('typeforce')
-var networks = require('./networks')
-var randomBytes = require('randombytes')
+  var a = this._a | 0
+  var b = this._b | 0
+  var c = this._c | 0
+  var d = this._d | 0
+  var e = this._e | 0
 
-var Address = require('./address')
-var HDNode = require('./hdnode')
-var TransactionBuilder = require('./transaction_builder')
-var Script = require('./script')
+  for (var i = 0; i < 16; ++i) W[i] = M.readInt32BE(i * 4)
+  for (; i < 80; ++i) W[i] = rotl1(W[i - 3] ^ W[i - 8] ^ W[i - 14] ^ W[i - 16])
 
-function Wallet (seed, network) {
-  console.warn('Wallet is deprecated and will be removed in 2.0.0, see #296')
+  for (var j = 0; j < 80; ++j) {
+    var s = ~~(j / 20)
+    var t = (rotl5(a) + ft(s, b, c, d) + e + W[j] + K[s]) | 0
 
-  seed = seed || randomBytes(32)
-  network = network || networks.bitcoin
+    e = d
+    d = c
+    c = rotl30(b)
+    b = a
+    a = t
+  }
 
-  // Stored in a closure to make accidental serialization less likely
-  var masterKey = HDNode.fromSeedBuffer(seed, network)
+  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
+  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
+  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
+  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
+  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
+}
 
-  // HD first-level child derivation method should be hardened
-  // See https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=405179.msg4415254#msg4415254
-  var accountZero = masterKey.deriveHardened(0)
-  var externalAccount = accountZero.derive(0)
-  var internalAccount = accountZero.derive(1)
+Sha1.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(20)
 
-  this.addresses = []
-  this.changeAddresses = []
-  this.network = network
-  this.unspents = []
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._a | 0, 0)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._b | 0, 4)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._c | 0, 8)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._d | 0, 12)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._e | 0, 16)
 
-  // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-  this.unspentMap = {}
+  return H
+}
 
-  // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-  var me = this
-  this.newMasterKey = function (seed) {
-    console.warn('newMasterKey is deprecated, please make a new Wallet instance instead')
+module.exports = Sha1
 
-    seed = seed || randomBytes(32)
-    masterKey = HDNode.fromSeedBuffer(seed, network)
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":79,"buffer":5,"inherits":63}],83:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/**
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined
+ * in FIPS 180-2
+ * Version 2.2-beta Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+ * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+ *
+ */
 
-    accountZero = masterKey.deriveHardened(0)
-    externalAccount = accountZero.derive(0)
-    internalAccount = accountZero.derive(1)
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Sha256 = require('./sha256')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
 
-    me.addresses = []
-    me.changeAddresses = []
+var W = new Array(64)
 
-    me.unspents = []
-    me.unspentMap = {}
-  }
+function Sha224 () {
+  this.init()
 
-  this.getMasterKey = function () {
-    return masterKey
-  }
-  this.getAccountZero = function () {
-    return accountZero
-  }
-  this.getExternalAccount = function () {
-    return externalAccount
-  }
-  this.getInternalAccount = function () {
-    return internalAccount
-  }
+  this._w = W // new Array(64)
+
+  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.createTransaction = function (to, value, options) {
-  // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-  if (typeof options !== 'object') {
-    if (options !== undefined) {
-      console.warn('Non options object parameters are deprecated, use options object instead')
+inherits(Sha224, Sha256)
 
-      options = {
-        fixedFee: arguments[2],
-        changeAddress: arguments[3]
-      }
-    }
-  }
+Sha224.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0xc1059ed8
+  this._b = 0x367cd507
+  this._c = 0x3070dd17
+  this._d = 0xf70e5939
+  this._e = 0xffc00b31
+  this._f = 0x68581511
+  this._g = 0x64f98fa7
+  this._h = 0xbefa4fa4
 
-  options = options || {}
+  return this
+}
 
-  assert(value > this.network.dustThreshold, value + ' must be above dust threshold (' + this.network.dustThreshold + ' Satoshis)')
+Sha224.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(28)
 
-  var changeAddress = options.changeAddress
-  var fixedFee = options.fixedFee
-  var minConf = options.minConf === undefined ? 0 : options.minConf // FIXME: change minConf:1 by default in 2.0.0
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._a, 0)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._b, 4)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._c, 8)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._d, 12)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._e, 16)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._f, 20)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._g, 24)
 
-  // filter by minConf, then pending and sort by descending value
-  var unspents = this.unspents.filter(function (unspent) {
-    return unspent.confirmations >= minConf
-  }).filter(function (unspent) {
-    return !unspent.pending
-  }).sort(function (o1, o2) {
-    return o2.value - o1.value
-  })
+  return H
+}
 
-  var accum = 0
-  var addresses = []
-  var subTotal = value
+module.exports = Sha224
+
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":79,"./sha256":84,"buffer":5,"inherits":63}],84:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+/**
+ * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined
+ * in FIPS 180-2
+ * Version 2.2-beta Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+ * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+ *
+ */
 
-  var txb = new TransactionBuilder()
-  txb.addOutput(to, value)
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
 
-  for (var i = 0; i < unspents.length; ++i) {
-    var unspent = unspents[i]
-    addresses.push(unspent.address)
+var K = [
+  0x428A2F98, 0x71374491, 0xB5C0FBCF, 0xE9B5DBA5,
+  0x3956C25B, 0x59F111F1, 0x923F82A4, 0xAB1C5ED5,
+  0xD807AA98, 0x12835B01, 0x243185BE, 0x550C7DC3,
+  0x72BE5D74, 0x80DEB1FE, 0x9BDC06A7, 0xC19BF174,
+  0xE49B69C1, 0xEFBE4786, 0x0FC19DC6, 0x240CA1CC,
+  0x2DE92C6F, 0x4A7484AA, 0x5CB0A9DC, 0x76F988DA,
+  0x983E5152, 0xA831C66D, 0xB00327C8, 0xBF597FC7,
+  0xC6E00BF3, 0xD5A79147, 0x06CA6351, 0x14292967,
+  0x27B70A85, 0x2E1B2138, 0x4D2C6DFC, 0x53380D13,
+  0x650A7354, 0x766A0ABB, 0x81C2C92E, 0x92722C85,
+  0xA2BFE8A1, 0xA81A664B, 0xC24B8B70, 0xC76C51A3,
+  0xD192E819, 0xD6990624, 0xF40E3585, 0x106AA070,
+  0x19A4C116, 0x1E376C08, 0x2748774C, 0x34B0BCB5,
+  0x391C0CB3, 0x4ED8AA4A, 0x5B9CCA4F, 0x682E6FF3,
+  0x748F82EE, 0x78A5636F, 0x84C87814, 0x8CC70208,
+  0x90BEFFFA, 0xA4506CEB, 0xBEF9A3F7, 0xC67178F2
+]
 
-    txb.addInput(unspent.txHash, unspent.index)
+var W = new Array(64)
 
-    var fee = fixedFee === undefined ? estimatePaddedFee(txb.buildIncomplete(), this.network) : fixedFee
+function Sha256 () {
+  this.init()
 
-    accum += unspent.value
-    subTotal = value + fee
+  this._w = W // new Array(64)
 
-    if (accum >= subTotal) {
-      var change = accum - subTotal
+  Hash.call(this, 64, 56)
+}
 
-      if (change > this.network.dustThreshold) {
-        txb.addOutput(changeAddress || this.getChangeAddress(), change)
-      }
+inherits(Sha256, Hash)
 
-      break
-    }
-  }
+Sha256.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._a = 0x6a09e667
+  this._b = 0xbb67ae85
+  this._c = 0x3c6ef372
+  this._d = 0xa54ff53a
+  this._e = 0x510e527f
+  this._f = 0x9b05688c
+  this._g = 0x1f83d9ab
+  this._h = 0x5be0cd19
 
-  assert(accum >= subTotal, 'Not enough funds (incl. fee): ' + accum + ' < ' + subTotal)
+  return this
+}
 
-  return this.signWith(txb, addresses).build()
+function ch (x, y, z) {
+  return z ^ (x & (y ^ z))
 }
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-Wallet.prototype.processPendingTx = function (tx) {
-  this.__processTx(tx, true)
+function maj (x, y, z) {
+  return (x & y) | (z & (x | y))
 }
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-Wallet.prototype.processConfirmedTx = function (tx) {
-  this.__processTx(tx, false)
+function sigma0 (x) {
+  return (x >>> 2 | x << 30) ^ (x >>> 13 | x << 19) ^ (x >>> 22 | x << 10)
 }
 
-// FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-Wallet.prototype.__processTx = function (tx, isPending) {
-  console.warn('processTransaction is considered harmful, see issue #260 for more information')
+function sigma1 (x) {
+  return (x >>> 6 | x << 26) ^ (x >>> 11 | x << 21) ^ (x >>> 25 | x << 7)
+}
 
-  var txId = tx.getId()
-  var txHash = tx.getHash()
+function gamma0 (x) {
+  return (x >>> 7 | x << 25) ^ (x >>> 18 | x << 14) ^ (x >>> 3)
+}
 
-  tx.outs.forEach(function (txOut, i) {
-    var address
+function gamma1 (x) {
+  return (x >>> 17 | x << 15) ^ (x >>> 19 | x << 13) ^ (x >>> 10)
+}
 
-    try {
-      address = Address.fromOutputScript(txOut.script, this.network).toString()
-    } catch (e) {
-      if (!(e.message.match(/has no matching Address/)))
-        throw e
-    }
+Sha256.prototype._update = function (M) {
+  var W = this._w
 
-    var myAddresses = this.addresses.concat(this.changeAddresses)
-    if (myAddresses.indexOf(address) > -1) {
-      var lookup = txId + ':' + i
-      if (lookup in this.unspentMap) return
+  var a = this._a | 0
+  var b = this._b | 0
+  var c = this._c | 0
+  var d = this._d | 0
+  var e = this._e | 0
+  var f = this._f | 0
+  var g = this._g | 0
+  var h = this._h | 0
 
-      // its unique, add it
-      var unspent = {
-        address: address,
-        confirmations: 0, // no way to determine this without more information
-        index: i,
-        txHash: txHash,
-        txId: txId,
-        value: txOut.value,
-        pending: isPending
-      }
+  for (var i = 0; i < 16; ++i) W[i] = M.readInt32BE(i * 4)
+  for (; i < 64; ++i) W[i] = (gamma1(W[i - 2]) + W[i - 7] + gamma0(W[i - 15]) + W[i - 16]) | 0
 
-      this.unspentMap[lookup] = unspent
-      this.unspents.push(unspent)
-    }
-  }, this)
+  for (var j = 0; j < 64; ++j) {
+    var T1 = (h + sigma1(e) + ch(e, f, g) + K[j] + W[j]) | 0
+    var T2 = (sigma0(a) + maj(a, b, c)) | 0
 
-  tx.ins.forEach(function (txIn) {
-    // copy and convert to big-endian hex
-    var txInId = bufferutils.reverse(txIn.hash).toString('hex')
+    h = g
+    g = f
+    f = e
+    e = (d + T1) | 0
+    d = c
+    c = b
+    b = a
+    a = (T1 + T2) | 0
+  }
 
-    var lookup = txInId + ':' + txIn.index
-    if (!(lookup in this.unspentMap)) return
+  this._a = (a + this._a) | 0
+  this._b = (b + this._b) | 0
+  this._c = (c + this._c) | 0
+  this._d = (d + this._d) | 0
+  this._e = (e + this._e) | 0
+  this._f = (f + this._f) | 0
+  this._g = (g + this._g) | 0
+  this._h = (h + this._h) | 0
+}
 
-    var unspent = this.unspentMap[lookup]
+Sha256.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(32)
 
-    if (isPending) {
-      unspent.pending = true
-      unspent.spent = true
-    } else {
-      delete this.unspentMap[lookup]
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._a, 0)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._b, 4)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._c, 8)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._d, 12)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._e, 16)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._f, 20)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._g, 24)
+  H.writeInt32BE(this._h, 28)
 
-      this.unspents = this.unspents.filter(function (unspent2) {
-        return unspent !== unspent2
-      })
-    }
-  }, this)
+  return H
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.generateAddress = function () {
-  var k = this.addresses.length
-  var address = this.getExternalAccount().derive(k).getAddress()
+module.exports = Sha256
 
-  this.addresses.push(address.toString())
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":79,"buffer":5,"inherits":63}],85:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var SHA512 = require('./sha512')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
 
-  return this.getReceiveAddress()
+var W = new Array(160)
+
+function Sha384 () {
+  this.init()
+  this._w = W
+
+  Hash.call(this, 128, 112)
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.generateChangeAddress = function () {
-  var k = this.changeAddresses.length
-  var address = this.getInternalAccount().derive(k).getAddress()
+inherits(Sha384, SHA512)
 
-  this.changeAddresses.push(address.toString())
+Sha384.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._ah = 0xcbbb9d5d
+  this._bh = 0x629a292a
+  this._ch = 0x9159015a
+  this._dh = 0x152fecd8
+  this._eh = 0x67332667
+  this._fh = 0x8eb44a87
+  this._gh = 0xdb0c2e0d
+  this._hh = 0x47b5481d
+
+  this._al = 0xc1059ed8
+  this._bl = 0x367cd507
+  this._cl = 0x3070dd17
+  this._dl = 0xf70e5939
+  this._el = 0xffc00b31
+  this._fl = 0x68581511
+  this._gl = 0x64f98fa7
+  this._hl = 0xbefa4fa4
 
-  return this.getChangeAddress()
+  return this
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.getAddress = function () {
-  if (this.addresses.length === 0) {
-    this.generateAddress()
+Sha384.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(48)
+
+  function writeInt64BE (h, l, offset) {
+    H.writeInt32BE(h, offset)
+    H.writeInt32BE(l, offset + 4)
   }
 
-  return this.addresses[this.addresses.length - 1]
+  writeInt64BE(this._ah, this._al, 0)
+  writeInt64BE(this._bh, this._bl, 8)
+  writeInt64BE(this._ch, this._cl, 16)
+  writeInt64BE(this._dh, this._dl, 24)
+  writeInt64BE(this._eh, this._el, 32)
+  writeInt64BE(this._fh, this._fl, 40)
+
+  return H
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.getBalance = function (minConf) {
-  minConf = minConf || 0
+module.exports = Sha384
 
-  return this.unspents.filter(function (unspent) {
-    return unspent.confirmations >= minConf
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":79,"./sha512":86,"buffer":5,"inherits":63}],86:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (Buffer){
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var Hash = require('./hash')
 
-      // FIXME: remove spent filter in 2.0.0
-  }).filter(function (unspent) {
-    return !unspent.spent
-  }).reduce(function (accum, unspent) {
-    return accum + unspent.value
-  }, 0)
+var K = [
+  0x428a2f98, 0xd728ae22, 0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd,
+  0xb5c0fbcf, 0xec4d3b2f, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x8189dbbc,
+  0x3956c25b, 0xf348b538, 0x59f111f1, 0xb605d019,
+  0x923f82a4, 0xaf194f9b, 0xab1c5ed5, 0xda6d8118,
+  0xd807aa98, 0xa3030242, 0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe,
+  0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c, 0x550c7dc3, 0xd5ffb4e2,
+  0x72be5d74, 0xf27b896f, 0x80deb1fe, 0x3b1696b1,
+  0x9bdc06a7, 0x25c71235, 0xc19bf174, 0xcf692694,
+  0xe49b69c1, 0x9ef14ad2, 0xefbe4786, 0x384f25e3,
+  0x0fc19dc6, 0x8b8cd5b5, 0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65,
+  0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275, 0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483,
+  0x5cb0a9dc, 0xbd41fbd4, 0x76f988da, 0x831153b5,
+  0x983e5152, 0xee66dfab, 0xa831c66d, 0x2db43210,
+  0xb00327c8, 0x98fb213f, 0xbf597fc7, 0xbeef0ee4,
+  0xc6e00bf3, 0x3da88fc2, 0xd5a79147, 0x930aa725,
+  0x06ca6351, 0xe003826f, 0x14292967, 0x0a0e6e70,
+  0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc, 0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926,
+  0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed, 0x53380d13, 0x9d95b3df,
+  0x650a7354, 0x8baf63de, 0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8,
+  0x81c2c92e, 0x47edaee6, 0x92722c85, 0x1482353b,
+  0xa2bfe8a1, 0x4cf10364, 0xa81a664b, 0xbc423001,
+  0xc24b8b70, 0xd0f89791, 0xc76c51a3, 0x0654be30,
+  0xd192e819, 0xd6ef5218, 0xd6990624, 0x5565a910,
+  0xf40e3585, 0x5771202a, 0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8,
+  0x19a4c116, 0xb8d2d0c8, 0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53,
+  0x2748774c, 0xdf8eeb99, 0x34b0bcb5, 0xe19b48a8,
+  0x391c0cb3, 0xc5c95a63, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0xe3418acb,
+  0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373, 0x682e6ff3, 0xd6b2b8a3,
+  0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc, 0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60,
+  0x84c87814, 0xa1f0ab72, 0x8cc70208, 0x1a6439ec,
+  0x90befffa, 0x23631e28, 0xa4506ceb, 0xde82bde9,
+  0xbef9a3f7, 0xb2c67915, 0xc67178f2, 0xe372532b,
+  0xca273ece, 0xea26619c, 0xd186b8c7, 0x21c0c207,
+  0xeada7dd6, 0xcde0eb1e, 0xf57d4f7f, 0xee6ed178,
+  0x06f067aa, 0x72176fba, 0x0a637dc5, 0xa2c898a6,
+  0x113f9804, 0xbef90dae, 0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b,
+  0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84, 0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493,
+  0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc, 0x431d67c4, 0x9c100d4c,
+  0x4cc5d4be, 0xcb3e42b6, 0x597f299c, 0xfc657e2a,
+  0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec, 0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817
+]
+
+var W = new Array(160)
+
+function Sha512 () {
+  this.init()
+  this._w = W
+
+  Hash.call(this, 128, 112)
+}
+
+inherits(Sha512, Hash)
+
+Sha512.prototype.init = function () {
+  this._ah = 0x6a09e667
+  this._bh = 0xbb67ae85
+  this._ch = 0x3c6ef372
+  this._dh = 0xa54ff53a
+  this._eh = 0x510e527f
+  this._fh = 0x9b05688c
+  this._gh = 0x1f83d9ab
+  this._hh = 0x5be0cd19
+
+  this._al = 0xf3bcc908
+  this._bl = 0x84caa73b
+  this._cl = 0xfe94f82b
+  this._dl = 0x5f1d36f1
+  this._el = 0xade682d1
+  this._fl = 0x2b3e6c1f
+  this._gl = 0xfb41bd6b
+  this._hl = 0x137e2179
+
+  return this
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.getChangeAddress = function () {
-  if (this.changeAddresses.length === 0) {
-    this.generateChangeAddress()
-  }
+function Ch (x, y, z) {
+  return z ^ (x & (y ^ z))
+}
 
-  return this.changeAddresses[this.changeAddresses.length - 1]
+function maj (x, y, z) {
+  return (x & y) | (z & (x | y))
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.getInternalPrivateKey = function (index) {
-  return this.getInternalAccount().derive(index).privKey
+function sigma0 (x, xl) {
+  return (x >>> 28 | xl << 4) ^ (xl >>> 2 | x << 30) ^ (xl >>> 7 | x << 25)
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.getPrivateKey = function (index) {
-  return this.getExternalAccount().derive(index).privKey
+function sigma1 (x, xl) {
+  return (x >>> 14 | xl << 18) ^ (x >>> 18 | xl << 14) ^ (xl >>> 9 | x << 23)
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.getPrivateKeyForAddress = function (address) {
-  var index
+function Gamma0 (x, xl) {
+  return (x >>> 1 | xl << 31) ^ (x >>> 8 | xl << 24) ^ (x >>> 7)
+}
 
-  if ((index = this.addresses.indexOf(address)) > -1) {
-    return this.getPrivateKey(index)
-  }
+function Gamma0l (x, xl) {
+  return (x >>> 1 | xl << 31) ^ (x >>> 8 | xl << 24) ^ (x >>> 7 | xl << 25)
+}
 
-  if ((index = this.changeAddresses.indexOf(address)) > -1) {
-    return this.getInternalPrivateKey(index)
-  }
+function Gamma1 (x, xl) {
+  return (x >>> 19 | xl << 13) ^ (xl >>> 29 | x << 3) ^ (x >>> 6)
+}
 
-  assert(false, 'Unknown address. Make sure the address is from the keychain and has been generated')
+function Gamma1l (x, xl) {
+  return (x >>> 19 | xl << 13) ^ (xl >>> 29 | x << 3) ^ (x >>> 6 | xl << 26)
 }
 
-Wallet.prototype.getUnspentOutputs = function (minConf) {
-  minConf = minConf || 0
+function getCarry (a, b) {
+  return (a >>> 0) < (b >>> 0) ? 1 : 0
+}
 
-  return this.unspents.filter(function (unspent) {
-    return unspent.confirmations >= minConf
+Sha512.prototype._update = function (M) {
+  var W = this._w
 
-      // FIXME: remove spent filter in 2.0.0
-  }).filter(function (unspent) {
-    return !unspent.spent
-  }).map(function (unspent) {
-    return {
-      address: unspent.address,
-      confirmations: unspent.confirmations,
-      index: unspent.index,
-      txId: unspent.txId,
-      value: unspent.value,
+  var ah = this._ah | 0
+  var bh = this._bh | 0
+  var ch = this._ch | 0
+  var dh = this._dh | 0
+  var eh = this._eh | 0
+  var fh = this._fh | 0
+  var gh = this._gh | 0
+  var hh = this._hh | 0
 
-      // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-      hash: unspent.txId,
-      pending: unspent.pending
-    }
-  })
-}
+  var al = this._al | 0
+  var bl = this._bl | 0
+  var cl = this._cl | 0
+  var dl = this._dl | 0
+  var el = this._el | 0
+  var fl = this._fl | 0
+  var gl = this._gl | 0
+  var hl = this._hl | 0
 
-Wallet.prototype.setUnspentOutputs = function (unspents) {
-  this.unspentMap = {}
-  this.unspents = unspents.map(function (unspent) {
-    // FIXME: remove unspent.hash in 2.0.0
-    var txId = unspent.txId || unspent.hash
-    var index = unspent.index
+  for (var i = 0; i < 32; i += 2) {
+    W[i] = M.readInt32BE(i * 4)
+    W[i + 1] = M.readInt32BE(i * 4 + 4)
+  }
+  for (; i < 160; i += 2) {
+    var xh = W[i - 15 * 2]
+    var xl = W[i - 15 * 2 + 1]
+    var gamma0 = Gamma0(xh, xl)
+    var gamma0l = Gamma0l(xl, xh)
 
-    // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-    if (unspent.hash !== undefined) {
-      console.warn('unspent.hash is deprecated, use unspent.txId instead')
-    }
+    xh = W[i - 2 * 2]
+    xl = W[i - 2 * 2 + 1]
+    var gamma1 = Gamma1(xh, xl)
+    var gamma1l = Gamma1l(xl, xh)
 
-    // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-    if (index === undefined) {
-      console.warn('unspent.outputIndex is deprecated, use unspent.index instead')
-      index = unspent.outputIndex
-    }
+    // W[i] = gamma0 + W[i - 7] + gamma1 + W[i - 16]
+    var Wi7h = W[i - 7 * 2]
+    var Wi7l = W[i - 7 * 2 + 1]
 
-    typeForce('String', txId)
-    typeForce('Number', index)
-    typeForce('Number', unspent.value)
+    var Wi16h = W[i - 16 * 2]
+    var Wi16l = W[i - 16 * 2 + 1]
 
-    assert.equal(txId.length, 64, 'Expected valid txId, got ' + txId)
-    assert.doesNotThrow(function () {
-      Address.fromBase58Check(unspent.address)
-    }, 'Expected Base58 Address, got ' + unspent.address)
-    assert(isFinite(index), 'Expected finite index, got ' + index)
+    var Wil = (gamma0l + Wi7l) | 0
+    var Wih = (gamma0 + Wi7h + getCarry(Wil, gamma0l)) | 0
+    Wil = (Wil + gamma1l) | 0
+    Wih = (Wih + gamma1 + getCarry(Wil, gamma1l)) | 0
+    Wil = (Wil + Wi16l) | 0
+    Wih = (Wih + Wi16h + getCarry(Wil, Wi16l)) | 0
 
-    // FIXME: remove branch in 2.0.0
-    if (unspent.confirmations !== undefined) {
-      typeForce('Number', unspent.confirmations)
-    }
+    W[i] = Wih
+    W[i + 1] = Wil
+  }
 
-    var txHash = bufferutils.reverse(new Buffer(txId, 'hex'))
+  for (var j = 0; j < 160; j += 2) {
+    Wih = W[j]
+    Wil = W[j + 1]
 
-    unspent = {
-      address: unspent.address,
-      confirmations: unspent.confirmations || 0,
-      index: index,
-      txHash: txHash,
-      txId: txId,
-      value: unspent.value,
+    var majh = maj(ah, bh, ch)
+    var majl = maj(al, bl, cl)
 
-      // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-      pending: unspent.pending || false
-    }
+    var sigma0h = sigma0(ah, al)
+    var sigma0l = sigma0(al, ah)
+    var sigma1h = sigma1(eh, el)
+    var sigma1l = sigma1(el, eh)
 
-    // FIXME: remove in 2.0.0
-    this.unspentMap[txId + ':' + index] = unspent
+    // t1 = h + sigma1 + ch + K[j] + W[j]
+    var Kih = K[j]
+    var Kil = K[j + 1]
 
-    return unspent
-  }, this)
-}
+    var chh = Ch(eh, fh, gh)
+    var chl = Ch(el, fl, gl)
 
-Wallet.prototype.signWith = function (tx, addresses) {
-  addresses.forEach(function (address, i) {
-    var privKey = this.getPrivateKeyForAddress(address)
+    var t1l = (hl + sigma1l) | 0
+    var t1h = (hh + sigma1h + getCarry(t1l, hl)) | 0
+    t1l = (t1l + chl) | 0
+    t1h = (t1h + chh + getCarry(t1l, chl)) | 0
+    t1l = (t1l + Kil) | 0
+    t1h = (t1h + Kih + getCarry(t1l, Kil)) | 0
+    t1l = (t1l + Wil) | 0
+    t1h = (t1h + Wih + getCarry(t1l, Wil)) | 0
 
-    tx.sign(i, privKey)
-  }, this)
+    // t2 = sigma0 + maj
+    var t2l = (sigma0l + majl) | 0
+    var t2h = (sigma0h + majh + getCarry(t2l, sigma0l)) | 0
 
-  return tx
-}
+    hh = gh
+    hl = gl
+    gh = fh
+    gl = fl
+    fh = eh
+    fl = el
+    el = (dl + t1l) | 0
+    eh = (dh + t1h + getCarry(el, dl)) | 0
+    dh = ch
+    dl = cl
+    ch = bh
+    cl = bl
+    bh = ah
+    bl = al
+    al = (t1l + t2l) | 0
+    ah = (t1h + t2h + getCarry(al, t1l)) | 0
+  }
 
-function estimatePaddedFee (tx, network) {
-  var tmpTx = tx.clone()
-  tmpTx.addOutput(Script.EMPTY, network.dustSoftThreshold || 0)
+  this._al = (this._al + al) | 0
+  this._bl = (this._bl + bl) | 0
+  this._cl = (this._cl + cl) | 0
+  this._dl = (this._dl + dl) | 0
+  this._el = (this._el + el) | 0
+  this._fl = (this._fl + fl) | 0
+  this._gl = (this._gl + gl) | 0
+  this._hl = (this._hl + hl) | 0
 
-  return network.estimateFee(tmpTx)
+  this._ah = (this._ah + ah + getCarry(this._al, al)) | 0
+  this._bh = (this._bh + bh + getCarry(this._bl, bl)) | 0
+  this._ch = (this._ch + ch + getCarry(this._cl, cl)) | 0
+  this._dh = (this._dh + dh + getCarry(this._dl, dl)) | 0
+  this._eh = (this._eh + eh + getCarry(this._el, el)) | 0
+  this._fh = (this._fh + fh + getCarry(this._fl, fl)) | 0
+  this._gh = (this._gh + gh + getCarry(this._gl, gl)) | 0
+  this._hh = (this._hh + hh + getCarry(this._hl, hl)) | 0
 }
 
-// FIXME: 1.0.0 shims, remove in 2.0.0
-Wallet.prototype.getReceiveAddress = Wallet.prototype.getAddress
-Wallet.prototype.createTx = Wallet.prototype.createTransaction
+Sha512.prototype._hash = function () {
+  var H = new Buffer(64)
 
-module.exports = Wallet
+  function writeInt64BE (h, l, offset) {
+    H.writeInt32BE(h, offset)
+    H.writeInt32BE(l, offset + 4)
+  }
 
-}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
-},{"./address":54,"./bufferutils":57,"./hdnode":63,"./networks":66,"./script":68,"./transaction_builder":71,"assert":5,"buffer":7,"randombytes":52,"typeforce":53}]},{},[64])(64)
-});</script>
-        <script>bitcoin.networks.shadow = {
-  magicPrefix: '\x19ShadowCash Signed Message:\n',
-  bip32: {
-    public: 0xEE80286A,
-    private: 0xEE8031E8
-  },
-  pubKeyHash: 0x3f,
-  scriptHash: 0x7d,
-  wif: 0xbf,
-  dustThreshold: 0,
-  feePerKb: 1000,
-  estimateFee: function() { return "unused in this app" },
-};
+  writeInt64BE(this._ah, this._al, 0)
+  writeInt64BE(this._bh, this._bl, 8)
+  writeInt64BE(this._ch, this._cl, 16)
+  writeInt64BE(this._dh, this._dl, 24)
+  writeInt64BE(this._eh, this._el, 32)
+  writeInt64BE(this._fh, this._fl, 40)
+  writeInt64BE(this._gh, this._gl, 48)
+  writeInt64BE(this._hh, this._hl, 56)
 
-bitcoin.networks.shadowtn = {
-  magicPrefix: '\x19ShadowCash Signed Message:\n',
-  bip32: {
-    public: 0x76C0FDFB,
-    private: 0x76C1077A
-  },
-  pubKeyHash: 0x7f,
-  scriptHash: 0xc4,
-  wif: 0xff,
-  dustThreshold: 0,
-  feePerKb: 1000,
-  estimateFee: function() { return "unused in this app" },
-};
+  return H
+}
 
-bitcoin.networks.clam = {
-  bip32: {
-    public: 0xa8c26d64,
-    private: 0xa8c17826
-  },
-  pubKeyHash: 0x89,
-  wif: 0x85,
-};
+module.exports = Sha512
 
-bitcoin.networks.dash = {
-  bip32: {
-    public: 0x0488b21e,
-    private: 0x0488ade4
-  },
-  pubKeyHash: 0x4c,
-  scriptHash: 0x10,
-  wif: 0xcc,
-};
+}).call(this,require("buffer").Buffer)
+},{"./hash":79,"buffer":5,"inherits":63}],87:[function(require,module,exports){
+var isHexPrefixed = require('is-hex-prefixed');
 
-bitcoin.networks.namecoin = {
-  bip32: {
-    public: 0x0488b21e,
-    private: 0x0488ade4
-  },
-  pubKeyHash: 0x34,
-  //scriptHash: 0x10,
-  wif: 0x80,
-};
+/**
+ * Removes '0x' from a given `String` is present
+ * @param {String} str the string value
+ * @return {String|Optional} a string by pass if necessary
+ */
+module.exports = function stripHexPrefix(str) {
+  if (typeof str !== 'string') {
+    return str;
+  }
 
-bitcoin.networks.peercoin = {
-  bip32: {
-    public: 0x0488b21e,
-    private: 0x0488ade4
-  },
-  pubKeyHash: 0x37,
-  //scriptHash: 0x10,
-  wif: 0xb7,
-};
+  return isHexPrefixed(str) ? str.slice(2) : str;
+}
 
-</script>
+},{"is-hex-prefixed":64}]},{},[31])(31)
+});</script>
         <script>// Select components from sjcl to suit the crypto operations bip39 requires.
 
 //// base.js
@@ -14702,7 +37282,8 @@ sjcl.hash.sha256.prototype = {
 //
 //   <div data-translate>Test</div>
 //   <div data-translate-html><em>keep em tag</em></div>
-//   <input data-translate-placeholder placeholder="Example text">
+//   <input data-translate-placeholder placeholder="Example placeholder">
+//   <span data-translate-title title="Example title"></span>
 //
 // Obtain all the phrases to be translated via js debug console:
 //
@@ -14717,7 +37298,8 @@ sjcl.hash.sha256.prototype = {
 //   Translate.loadForeignPhrases("es", {
 //       "Test": "Test in Spanish",
 //       "<em>keep em tag</em>": "<em>keep em tag in Spanish</em>",
-//       "Example text": "Example text in Spanish"
+//       "Example placeholder": "Example placeholder in Spanish"
+//       "Example title": "Example title in Spanish"
 //   });
 //
 // In your UI put a listener for clicking on the Spanish button:
@@ -14768,10 +37350,21 @@ Translate = new (function() {
         },
     }
 
+    var title = {
+        selector: "[data-translate-title]",
+        getKey: function() {
+            return this.getAttribute("title").trim().replace(/\s+/g, " ");
+        },
+        setPhrase: function(p) {
+            this.setAttribute("title", p);
+        },
+    }
+
     // Get elements to be translated
     var allEls = getEls(text)
         .concat(getEls(html))
-        .concat(getEls(placeholder));
+        .concat(getEls(placeholder))
+        .concat(getEls(title));
 
     // Provides access to phrases from a non-default language.
     // See phrases_en.js for example usage.
@@ -18555,15 +41148,12 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
         // Create a normalized string of the selected cards
         var normalizedCards = cards.join("").toUpperCase();
         // Convert to binary using the SHA256 hash of the normalized cards.
-        // If the number of bits is more than 256, multiple rounds of hashing
+        // If the number of bits is more than 256, multiple hashes
         // are used until the required number of bits is reached.
         var entropyBin = "";
         var iterations = 0;
         while (entropyBin.length < numberOfBits) {
-            var hashedCards = sjcl.hash.sha256.hash(normalizedCards);
-            for (var j=0; j<iterations; j++) {
-                hashedCards = sjcl.hash.sha256.hash(hashedCards);
-            }
+            var hashedCards = sjcl.hash.sha256.hash(normalizedCards + ":" + iterations);
             var hashHex = sjcl.codec.hex.fromBits(hashedCards);
             for (var i=0; i<hashHex.length; i++) {
                 var decimal = parseInt(hashHex[i], 16);
@@ -18614,7 +41204,7 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
     // mnemonics is populated as required by getLanguage
     var mnemonics = { "english": new Mnemonic("english") };
     var mnemonic = mnemonics["english"];
-    var seed = null
+    var seed = null;
     var bip32RootKey = null;
     var bip32ExtendedKey = null;
     var network = bitcoin.networks.bitcoin;
@@ -18624,12 +41214,14 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
     var showAddress = true;
     var showPubKey = true;
     var showPrivKey = true;
-    var showQr = true;
+    var showQr = false;
 
     var entropyChangeTimeoutEvent = null;
     var phraseChangeTimeoutEvent = null;
     var rootKeyChangedTimeoutEvent = null;
 
+    var generationProcesses = [];
+
     var DOM = {};
     DOM.network = $(".network");
     DOM.phraseNetwork = $("#network-phrase");
@@ -18678,6 +41270,7 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
     DOM.privateKeyToggle = $(".private-key-toggle");
     DOM.languages = $(".languages a");
     DOM.qrContainer = $(".qr-container");
+    DOM.qrHider = DOM.qrContainer.find(".qr-hider");
     DOM.qrImage = DOM.qrContainer.find(".qr-image");
     DOM.qrHint = DOM.qrContainer.find(".qr-hint");
     DOM.showQrEls = $("[data-show-qr]");
@@ -18838,11 +41431,11 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
         // Calculate and display
         calcBip32RootKeyFromBase58(rootKeyBase58);
         calcForDerivationPath();
-        hidePending();
     }
 
     function calcForDerivationPath() {
         showPending();
+        clearAddressesList();
         hideValidationError();
         // Get the derivation path
         var derivationPath = getDerivationPath();
@@ -18934,6 +41527,10 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
     }
 
     function calcBip32ExtendedKey(path) {
+        // Check there's a root key to derive from
+        if (!bip32RootKey) {
+            return bip32RootKey;
+        }
         var extendedKey = bip32RootKey;
         // Derive the key from the path
         var pathBits = path.split("/");
@@ -18944,7 +41541,12 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
                 continue;
             }
             var hardened = bit[bit.length-1] == "'";
-            if (hardened) {
+            var isPriv = "privKey" in extendedKey;
+            var invalidDerivationPath = hardened && !isPriv;
+            if (invalidDerivationPath) {
+                extendedKey = null;
+            }
+            else if (hardened) {
                 extendedKey = extendedKey.deriveHardened(index);
             }
             else {
@@ -19063,6 +41665,16 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
                 }
             }
         }
+        // Check root key exists or else derivation path is useless!
+        if (!bip32RootKey) {
+            return "No root key";
+        }
+        // Check no hardened derivation path when using xpub keys
+        var hardened = path.indexOf("'") > -1;
+        var isXpubkey = !("privKey" in bip32RootKey);
+        if (hardened && isXpubkey) {
+            return "Hardened derivation path is invalid with xpub key";
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -19089,7 +41701,11 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
         DOM.seed.val(seed);
         var rootKey = bip32RootKey.toBase58();
         DOM.rootKey.val(rootKey);
-        var extendedPrivKey = bip32ExtendedKey.toBase58();
+        var xprvkeyB58 = "NA";
+        if (bip32ExtendedKey.privKey) {
+            xprvkeyB58 = bip32ExtendedKey.toBase58();
+        }
+        var extendedPrivKey = xprvkeyB58;
         DOM.extendedPrivKey.val(extendedPrivKey);
         var extendedPubKey = bip32ExtendedKey.toBase58(false);
         DOM.extendedPubKey.val(extendedPubKey);
@@ -19099,14 +41715,28 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
     }
 
     function displayAddresses(start, total) {
-        for (var i=0; i<total; i++) {
-            var index = i + start;
-            new TableRow(index);
-        }
+        generationProcesses.push(new (function() {
+
+            var rows = [];
+
+            this.stop = function() {
+                for (var i=0; i<rows.length; i++) {
+                    rows[i].shouldGenerate = false;
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (var i=0; i<total; i++) {
+                var index = i + start;
+                rows.push(new TableRow(index));
+            }
+
+        })());
     }
 
     function TableRow(index) {
 
+        var self = this;
+        this.shouldGenerate = true;
         var useHardenedAddresses = DOM.hardenedAddresses.prop("checked");
 
         function init() {
@@ -19115,6 +41745,9 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
 
         function calculateValues() {
             setTimeout(function() {
+                if (!self.shouldGenerate) {
+                    return;
+                }
                 var key = "";
                 if (useHardenedAddresses) {
                     key = bip32ExtendedKey.deriveHardened(index);
@@ -19123,12 +41756,22 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
                     key = bip32ExtendedKey.derive(index);
                 }
                 var address = key.getAddress().toString();
-                var privkey = key.privKey.toWIF(network);
+                var privkey = "NA";
+                if (key.privKey) {
+                    privkey = key.privKey.toWIF(network);
+                }
                 var pubkey = key.pubKey.toHex();
                 var indexText = getDerivationPath() + "/" + index;
                 if (useHardenedAddresses) {
                     indexText = indexText + "'";
                 }
+                // Ethereum values are different
+                if (networks[DOM.network.val()].name == "Ethereum") {
+                    var privKeyBuffer = key.privKey.d.toBuffer();
+                    privkey = privKeyBuffer.toString('hex');
+                    var addressBuffer = ethUtil.privateToAddress(privKeyBuffer);
+                    address = "0x" + addressBuffer.toString('hex');
+                }
                 addAddressToList(indexText, address, pubkey, privkey);
             }, 50)
         }
@@ -19162,6 +41805,14 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
 
     function clearAddressesList() {
         DOM.addresses.empty();
+        stopGenerating();
+    }
+
+    function stopGenerating() {
+        while (generationProcesses.length > 0) {
+            var generation = generationProcesses.shift();
+            generation.stop();
+        }
     }
 
     function clearKey() {
@@ -19231,6 +41882,9 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
         var closestWord = words[0];
         for (var i=0; i<words.length; i++) {
             var comparedTo = words[i];
+            if (comparedTo.indexOf(word) == 0) {
+                return comparedTo;
+            }
             var distance = Levenshtein.get(word, comparedTo);
             if (distance < minDistance) {
                 closestWord = comparedTo;
@@ -19397,7 +42051,7 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
             var hash = sjcl.hash.sha256.hash(entropy.cleanStr);
             var hex = sjcl.codec.hex.fromBits(hash);
             bits = BigInteger.parse(hex, 16).toString(2);
-            for (var i=0; i<256-bits.length; i++) {
+            while (bits.length % 256 != 0) {
                 bits = "0" + bits;
             }
             // Truncate hash to suit number of words
@@ -19557,7 +42211,10 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
             var size = 130;
             DOM.qrImage.qrcode({width: size, height: size, text: content});
             if (!showQr) {
-                DOM.qrImage.addClass("hidden");
+                DOM.qrHider.addClass("hidden");
+            }
+            else {
+                DOM.qrHider.removeClass("hidden");
             }
             DOM.qrContainer.removeClass("hidden");
         }
@@ -19570,7 +42227,7 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
 
     function toggleQr() {
         showQr = !showQr;
-        DOM.qrImage.toggleClass("hidden");
+        DOM.qrHider.toggleClass("hidden");
         DOM.qrHint.toggleClass("hidden");
     }
 
@@ -19674,6 +42331,13 @@ window.Entropy = new (function() {
                 DOM.bip44coin.val(6);
             },
         },
+        {
+            name: "Ethereum",
+            onSelect: function() {
+                network = bitcoin.networks.bitcoin;
+                DOM.bip44coin.val(60);
+            },
+        },
     ]
 
     init();