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1// Copyright 2017, The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
2// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
3// license that can be found in the LICENSE.md file.
4
5package cmp
6
7import (
8 "fmt"
9 "reflect"
10 "strings"
11 "unicode"
12 "unicode/utf8"
13)
14
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15// Path is a list of PathSteps describing the sequence of operations to get
16// from some root type to the current position in the value tree.
17// The first Path element is always an operation-less PathStep that exists
18// simply to identify the initial type.
19//
20// When traversing structs with embedded structs, the embedded struct will
21// always be accessed as a field before traversing the fields of the
22// embedded struct themselves. That is, an exported field from the
23// embedded struct will never be accessed directly from the parent struct.
24type Path []PathStep
107c1cdb 25
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26// PathStep is a union-type for specific operations to traverse
27// a value's tree structure. Users of this package never need to implement
28// these types as values of this type will be returned by this package.
29//
30// Implementations of this interface are
31// StructField, SliceIndex, MapIndex, Indirect, TypeAssertion, and Transform.
32type PathStep interface {
33 String() string
107c1cdb 34
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35 // Type is the resulting type after performing the path step.
36 Type() reflect.Type
107c1cdb 37
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38 // Values is the resulting values after performing the path step.
39 // The type of each valid value is guaranteed to be identical to Type.
40 //
41 // In some cases, one or both may be invalid or have restrictions:
42 // • For StructField, both are not interface-able if the current field
43 // is unexported and the struct type is not explicitly permitted by
44 // AllowUnexported to traverse unexported fields.
45 // • For SliceIndex, one may be invalid if an element is missing from
46 // either the x or y slice.
47 // • For MapIndex, one may be invalid if an entry is missing from
48 // either the x or y map.
49 //
50 // The provided values must not be mutated.
51 Values() (vx, vy reflect.Value)
52}
53
54var (
55 _ PathStep = StructField{}
56 _ PathStep = SliceIndex{}
57 _ PathStep = MapIndex{}
58 _ PathStep = Indirect{}
59 _ PathStep = TypeAssertion{}
60 _ PathStep = Transform{}
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61)
62
63func (pa *Path) push(s PathStep) {
64 *pa = append(*pa, s)
65}
66
67func (pa *Path) pop() {
68 *pa = (*pa)[:len(*pa)-1]
69}
70
71// Last returns the last PathStep in the Path.
72// If the path is empty, this returns a non-nil PathStep that reports a nil Type.
73func (pa Path) Last() PathStep {
74 return pa.Index(-1)
75}
76
77// Index returns the ith step in the Path and supports negative indexing.
78// A negative index starts counting from the tail of the Path such that -1
79// refers to the last step, -2 refers to the second-to-last step, and so on.
80// If index is invalid, this returns a non-nil PathStep that reports a nil Type.
81func (pa Path) Index(i int) PathStep {
82 if i < 0 {
83 i = len(pa) + i
84 }
85 if i < 0 || i >= len(pa) {
86 return pathStep{}
87 }
88 return pa[i]
89}
90
91// String returns the simplified path to a node.
92// The simplified path only contains struct field accesses.
93//
94// For example:
95// MyMap.MySlices.MyField
96func (pa Path) String() string {
97 var ss []string
98 for _, s := range pa {
863486a6 99 if _, ok := s.(StructField); ok {
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100 ss = append(ss, s.String())
101 }
102 }
103 return strings.TrimPrefix(strings.Join(ss, ""), ".")
104}
105
106// GoString returns the path to a specific node using Go syntax.
107//
108// For example:
109// (*root.MyMap["key"].(*mypkg.MyStruct).MySlices)[2][3].MyField
110func (pa Path) GoString() string {
111 var ssPre, ssPost []string
112 var numIndirect int
113 for i, s := range pa {
114 var nextStep PathStep
115 if i+1 < len(pa) {
116 nextStep = pa[i+1]
117 }
118 switch s := s.(type) {
863486a6 119 case Indirect:
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120 numIndirect++
121 pPre, pPost := "(", ")"
122 switch nextStep.(type) {
863486a6 123 case Indirect:
107c1cdb 124 continue // Next step is indirection, so let them batch up
863486a6 125 case StructField:
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126 numIndirect-- // Automatic indirection on struct fields
127 case nil:
128 pPre, pPost = "", "" // Last step; no need for parenthesis
129 }
130 if numIndirect > 0 {
131 ssPre = append(ssPre, pPre+strings.Repeat("*", numIndirect))
132 ssPost = append(ssPost, pPost)
133 }
134 numIndirect = 0
135 continue
863486a6 136 case Transform:
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137 ssPre = append(ssPre, s.trans.name+"(")
138 ssPost = append(ssPost, ")")
139 continue
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140 }
141 ssPost = append(ssPost, s.String())
142 }
143 for i, j := 0, len(ssPre)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 {
144 ssPre[i], ssPre[j] = ssPre[j], ssPre[i]
145 }
146 return strings.Join(ssPre, "") + strings.Join(ssPost, "")
147}
148
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149type pathStep struct {
150 typ reflect.Type
151 vx, vy reflect.Value
152}
107c1cdb 153
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154func (ps pathStep) Type() reflect.Type { return ps.typ }
155func (ps pathStep) Values() (vx, vy reflect.Value) { return ps.vx, ps.vy }
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156func (ps pathStep) String() string {
157 if ps.typ == nil {
158 return "<nil>"
159 }
160 s := ps.typ.String()
161 if s == "" || strings.ContainsAny(s, "{}\n") {
162 return "root" // Type too simple or complex to print
163 }
164 return fmt.Sprintf("{%s}", s)
165}
166
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167// StructField represents a struct field access on a field called Name.
168type StructField struct{ *structField }
169type structField struct {
170 pathStep
171 name string
172 idx int
173
174 // These fields are used for forcibly accessing an unexported field.
175 // pvx, pvy, and field are only valid if unexported is true.
176 unexported bool
177 mayForce bool // Forcibly allow visibility
178 pvx, pvy reflect.Value // Parent values
179 field reflect.StructField // Field information
180}
181
182func (sf StructField) Type() reflect.Type { return sf.typ }
183func (sf StructField) Values() (vx, vy reflect.Value) {
184 if !sf.unexported {
185 return sf.vx, sf.vy // CanInterface reports true
186 }
187
188 // Forcibly obtain read-write access to an unexported struct field.
189 if sf.mayForce {
190 vx = retrieveUnexportedField(sf.pvx, sf.field)
191 vy = retrieveUnexportedField(sf.pvy, sf.field)
192 return vx, vy // CanInterface reports true
193 }
194 return sf.vx, sf.vy // CanInterface reports false
195}
196func (sf StructField) String() string { return fmt.Sprintf(".%s", sf.name) }
197
198// Name is the field name.
199func (sf StructField) Name() string { return sf.name }
200
201// Index is the index of the field in the parent struct type.
202// See reflect.Type.Field.
203func (sf StructField) Index() int { return sf.idx }
204
205// SliceIndex is an index operation on a slice or array at some index Key.
206type SliceIndex struct{ *sliceIndex }
207type sliceIndex struct {
208 pathStep
209 xkey, ykey int
210}
211
212func (si SliceIndex) Type() reflect.Type { return si.typ }
213func (si SliceIndex) Values() (vx, vy reflect.Value) { return si.vx, si.vy }
214func (si SliceIndex) String() string {
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215 switch {
216 case si.xkey == si.ykey:
217 return fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", si.xkey)
218 case si.ykey == -1:
219 // [5->?] means "I don't know where X[5] went"
220 return fmt.Sprintf("[%d->?]", si.xkey)
221 case si.xkey == -1:
222 // [?->3] means "I don't know where Y[3] came from"
223 return fmt.Sprintf("[?->%d]", si.ykey)
224 default:
225 // [5->3] means "X[5] moved to Y[3]"
226 return fmt.Sprintf("[%d->%d]", si.xkey, si.ykey)
227 }
228}
107c1cdb 229
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230// Key is the index key; it may return -1 if in a split state
231func (si SliceIndex) Key() int {
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232 if si.xkey != si.ykey {
233 return -1
234 }
235 return si.xkey
236}
107c1cdb 237
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238// SplitKeys are the indexes for indexing into slices in the
239// x and y values, respectively. These indexes may differ due to the
240// insertion or removal of an element in one of the slices, causing
241// all of the indexes to be shifted. If an index is -1, then that
242// indicates that the element does not exist in the associated slice.
243//
244// Key is guaranteed to return -1 if and only if the indexes returned
245// by SplitKeys are not the same. SplitKeys will never return -1 for
246// both indexes.
247func (si SliceIndex) SplitKeys() (ix, iy int) { return si.xkey, si.ykey }
248
249// MapIndex is an index operation on a map at some index Key.
250type MapIndex struct{ *mapIndex }
251type mapIndex struct {
252 pathStep
253 key reflect.Value
254}
255
256func (mi MapIndex) Type() reflect.Type { return mi.typ }
257func (mi MapIndex) Values() (vx, vy reflect.Value) { return mi.vx, mi.vy }
258func (mi MapIndex) String() string { return fmt.Sprintf("[%#v]", mi.key) }
259
260// Key is the value of the map key.
261func (mi MapIndex) Key() reflect.Value { return mi.key }
262
263// Indirect represents pointer indirection on the parent type.
264type Indirect struct{ *indirect }
265type indirect struct {
266 pathStep
267}
268
269func (in Indirect) Type() reflect.Type { return in.typ }
270func (in Indirect) Values() (vx, vy reflect.Value) { return in.vx, in.vy }
271func (in Indirect) String() string { return "*" }
272
273// TypeAssertion represents a type assertion on an interface.
274type TypeAssertion struct{ *typeAssertion }
275type typeAssertion struct {
276 pathStep
277}
278
279func (ta TypeAssertion) Type() reflect.Type { return ta.typ }
280func (ta TypeAssertion) Values() (vx, vy reflect.Value) { return ta.vx, ta.vy }
281func (ta TypeAssertion) String() string { return fmt.Sprintf(".(%v)", ta.typ) }
282
283// Transform is a transformation from the parent type to the current type.
284type Transform struct{ *transform }
285type transform struct {
286 pathStep
287 trans *transformer
288}
289
290func (tf Transform) Type() reflect.Type { return tf.typ }
291func (tf Transform) Values() (vx, vy reflect.Value) { return tf.vx, tf.vy }
292func (tf Transform) String() string { return fmt.Sprintf("%s()", tf.trans.name) }
293
294// Name is the name of the Transformer.
295func (tf Transform) Name() string { return tf.trans.name }
296
297// Func is the function pointer to the transformer function.
298func (tf Transform) Func() reflect.Value { return tf.trans.fnc }
299
300// Option returns the originally constructed Transformer option.
301// The == operator can be used to detect the exact option used.
302func (tf Transform) Option() Option { return tf.trans }
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303
304// isExported reports whether the identifier is exported.
305func isExported(id string) bool {
306 r, _ := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(id)
307 return unicode.IsUpper(r)
308}